Parts of SpeechParts of Speech

Nouns, Pronouns, and Nouns, Pronouns, and AdjectivesAdjectives

NounNoun

• A person, place, thing or idea.A person, place, thing or idea.– Types of nouns:Types of nouns:

•Collective, common, proper, abstract, Collective, common, proper, abstract, concrete, and compound.concrete, and compound.

Common NounCommon Noun

• Names any one of a group of Names any one of a group of persons, places, or things. Generally persons, places, or things. Generally NOT capitalized.NOT capitalized.

Proper NounProper Noun

• Names a particular person, place, Names a particular person, place, thing, or idea and begins with a thing, or idea and begins with a capital letter. capital letter.

Collective, Concrete, and Collective, Concrete, and Abstract NounsAbstract Nouns

• Collective noun- names a group Collective noun- names a group (audience, class, team, family)(audience, class, team, family)

• Concrete noun- names a person, Concrete noun- names a person, place, or thing that CAN be perceived place, or thing that CAN be perceived by one or more of the senses.by one or more of the senses.

• Abstract Noun- names an idea, a Abstract Noun- names an idea, a feeling, a quality or a characteristic. feeling, a quality or a characteristic.

Compound NounCompound Noun

• A single noun made up of more than A single noun made up of more than one word.one word.

PronounsPronouns

• Pronoun- a word that is used in place Pronoun- a word that is used in place of one or more nouns or pronouns.of one or more nouns or pronouns.

• Personal Pronouns- refers to the one Personal Pronouns- refers to the one speaking, the one being spoken to, speaking, the one being spoken to, or the one being spoken about (I, me, or the one being spoken about (I, me, you, them, she, he, they, etc.)you, them, she, he, they, etc.)

Reflexive and Intensive Reflexive and Intensive PronounsPronouns

• Reflexive pronoun- refers to the Reflexive pronoun- refers to the subject and is NECESSARY to the subject and is NECESSARY to the meaning of the sentence.meaning of the sentence.

• Intensive pronoun- emphasizes a Intensive pronoun- emphasizes a noun or another pronoun and is noun or another pronoun and is unnecessary to the meaning of the unnecessary to the meaning of the sentence. sentence.

*END IN –SELF or –SELVES**END IN –SELF or –SELVES*

Demonstrative PronounsDemonstrative Pronouns

A demonstrative pronoun points out a A demonstrative pronoun points out a person, place, an idea.person, place, an idea.

*THIS, THAT, THESE, or THOSE**THIS, THAT, THESE, or THOSE*

Interrogative PronounsInterrogative Pronouns

• An interrogative pronoun introduces An interrogative pronoun introduces a question, and it will be at the a question, and it will be at the BEGINNING of the question.BEGINNING of the question.

*WHAT, WHICH, WHO, WHOM, or *WHAT, WHICH, WHO, WHOM, or WHOSE*WHOSE*

Indefinite PronounIndefinite Pronoun

• Refers to a person, a place, a thing, Refers to a person, a place, a thing, or and idea that may or may not be or and idea that may or may not be specifically names.specifically names.

• Common indefinite pronouns:Common indefinite pronouns:

All, any, some, none, more, both, All, any, some, none, more, both, somebody, nobody, most, much, few, somebody, nobody, most, much, few, everything everything

Relative PronounRelative Pronoun

• A relative pronoun introduces a A relative pronoun introduces a subordinate clause. subordinate clause. – A subordinate clause does not express a A subordinate clause does not express a

complete thought and it cannot stand by complete thought and it cannot stand by itself as a complete thought.itself as a complete thought.

*THAT, WHICH, WHO, WHOM, WHOSE**THAT, WHICH, WHO, WHOM, WHOSE*

AdjectivesAdjectives

• An adjective is a word that is used to An adjective is a word that is used to modify a noun or a pronoun.modify a noun or a pronoun.

• To modify means to DESCRIBE. To modify means to DESCRIBE. • Adjectives answer the following Adjectives answer the following

questions:questions:– What kindWhat kind– Which oneWhich one– How muchHow much– How manyHow many

Articles (article adjectives)Articles (article adjectives)

• A, an, and the.A, an, and the.

• ““A” and “an” are indefinite articles A” and “an” are indefinite articles because they refer to any member of because they refer to any member of a general group.a general group.

• ““The” is a definite article because it The” is a definite article because it refers to someone or something in refers to someone or something in particular. particular.

Demonstrative AdjectivesDemonstrative Adjectives

• Demonstrative adjectives point out a Demonstrative adjectives point out a specific noun or nouns. specific noun or nouns.

*THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE**THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE*

*These words MUST be followed by a NOUN or *These words MUST be followed by a NOUN or PRONOUN to be considered an adjective. PRONOUN to be considered an adjective. Otherwise, the word is being used as a Otherwise, the word is being used as a pronoun.pronoun.

Proper AdjectivesProper Adjectives

• A proper adjective is formed from a A proper adjective is formed from a proper noun. Proper adjectives, like proper noun. Proper adjectives, like proper nouns, are capitalized. proper nouns, are capitalized.

Determining Parts of SpeechDetermining Parts of Speech

• To determine a part of speech, you To determine a part of speech, you MUST look at how it is used in the MUST look at how it is used in the sentence, not just what you think it is. sentence, not just what you think it is. Example:Example:

• My favorite color is My favorite color is blueblue. (blue is a noun). (blue is a noun)

• I love my I love my blueblue house. (blue is an house. (blue is an adjective)adjective)