Pascal’s Principle: More Practice

Pascal’s Principle: More Practice

Pascal’s Principle: More Practice

Pascal’s Principle: More Practice

Pascal’s Principle: More Practice

Fluid Systems:Student Success CriteriaI can describe common components used in

hydraulic and pneumatic systems and explain their function.

I can draw simple hydraulic or pneumatic circuits.

SPH4C

Fluid Systems: DefinitionThe hydraulic press

is an example of a fluid system, an arrangement of components used to transmit and control forces in a fluid.

Energy SourcesThe initial source of energy for the

system can be an electric motor or other device that drives a pump (for liquids) or a compressor (for gases).

The symbol for a compressor or a fixed-displacement single direction hydraulic pump (the arrow shows the direction of the fluid flow).

Energy OutputThe pump or compressor transforms

mechanical energy to fluid energy, and then the actuator transforms the fluid energy back to mechanical energy.

The symbol for a single acting cylinder, the actuator for the hydraulic press you constructed.

More Circuit SymbolsTransmission lines (through which the fluid

travels)

A continuous line is a fluid flow line

A dashed line is a pilot or drain

More Circuit SymbolsA diamond is a fluid conditioner (filter,

separator, lubricator, heat exchanger)

More Circuit SymbolsOne square indicates a pressure control

function Two or three adjacent squares indicate a

directional control

The most commonly used directional controls are valves.

ValvesExample: 3 ports / 2 positionsA normally closed directional control valve with

3 ports and 2 finite positions looks like:

A normally open directional control valve with 3 ports and 2 finite positions looks like:

Manual Controlsgeneral symbol (without showing the control type)

pushbutton

lever

foot pedal

Example System: A Car Hoist

Example System, by Parts

Example System, by Parts

Example System, by PartsNote that open triangles are uses to illustrate gases and solid triangles for liquids.

Hoist being loweredWhen the hoist is lowered, the valve’s position

changes:

More PracticeThe Hand-Powered Air Compressor:

An Introduction to Valves Lab ActivityRobotic Applications Assignment (ref. p. 258 –

260).