PASET–RSIF Nurturing young African talent in ASET · weighting agent in oil drilling mud, and other industrial production processes. Expected outcomes: ... top grades in the Kenya

PASET–RSIF Nurturing young African

talent in ASET

Regional Coordination Unit

IntroductionSpecifically, the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (RSIF), the flagship program of PASET, aims to support PhD training, research and innovation in various African universities.

This booklet presents profiles of the first cohort of 16 RSIF supported scholars who commenced their doctoral studies in May 2018, in the program’s initial four host universities: Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania; University Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Cote d’Ivoire; African University of Science and Technology, Nigeria; and Gaston Berger University, Senegal. The students are undertaking research in fields identified by PASET as priority economic sectors for growth and development in Africa: food security and agribusiness; information communication technology (ICT) including big data and artificial intelligence; minerals, mining and materials engineering; energy, including renewables; and climate change.

Over the recent past, it has become clear that Africa needs to strengthen human capacity

in applied sciences, engineering and technology (ASET), as a path towards sustainable and inclusive growth – by enhancing scientific output, knowledge generation and solving Africa’s most urgent challenges. Diversifying Africa’s economic structure; will accelerate achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and Africa’s Agenda 2063 ; and overall, reversing the continent’s global reputation and reality in terms of knowledge production and leadership.

The enhancement of ASET in Africa is the vision of the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology (PASET), an Africa-led initiative founded by the governments of Ethiopia, Rwanda and Senegal in 2013. PASET has set an ambitious target to train 10,000 PhDs in the next ten years.

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IntroductionNarrated in question and answer format, the articles in this publication provide early evidence of the legitimacy of RSIF, and the possibilities for ASET in Africa’s socio-economic transformation. The stories also reveal the immense talent waiting to be nurtured across the continent, and the junctures for supporting this most valuable resource.

We hope you will find these narratives informative and inspirational, and that you will join us in wishing these young scholars success in their journey of discovery and contribution to Africa’s sustainable development.

RSIF invests in five priority thematic areas:

Climate changeICTs including big data and artificial

intelligence

Minerals, mining and materials engineering

Food security and agribusiness

Energy including renewables

The stories also reveal the immense talent waiting to be nurtured across the continent, and the junctures for supporting this most valuable resource.

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David Oluwasegun Afolayan

RSIF host institution: African University of Science and Technology (AUST), Abuja, Nigeria.

Research focus: Optimization of smart beneficiation and mineral bioprocessing strategies of Nigerian barite, a mineral that is used as a weighting agent in oil drilling mud, and other industrial production processes.

Expected outcomes: Develop a viable mineral processing route for Nigerian barite, upgrade the quality to American Petroleum Institute (API) standards and attract the global market for the mineral in Nigeria and other sub-Saharan Africa countries.

Currently held degrees: Bachelor of Chemical Engineering, obtained in 2012; MSc in material science and engineering obtained in 2017 both

from African University of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria.

Background: I grew up in a vibrant environment, surrounded by parents (professional teachers, who were my main inspiration); siblings and an assortment of relatives. However, I encountered numerous obstacles including meeting academic needs, training opportunities and sponsorship. But I learnt to see possibilities in the midst of challenges. I was academically gifted and served as the president of various groups and students associations. I consider myself a ‘church boy’, totally devoted to my faith.

Scientific achievements: Five conference papers, and participation in 15 national and international conferences in West and southern Africa; and membership in four professional bodies in Nigeria.

Previously held positions: Science teacher; Associate

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Production Manager and Quality Control Inspector at 7up B.C., Ilorin Plant; Industrial training, at United Foam, Nigeria Ltd, (mattresses and cushion factory) as an Assistant Production Manager, graduate scholar at Pan African Material Institute and African Development Bank.

Influential individual: Engineer Professor S. Adeyinka, an expert in the field of catalysis and my academic mentor, whose research focus is to develop viable and sustainable chemical processes

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and to use emerging catalysts for African-based oilfield chemicals. Prof. Adeyinka believes that to achieve these goals, it is necessary to adopt relevant advances and technologies aligned to the fourth industrial revolution and geometrical advancements of the data age.

I have always been highly inquisitive; keen to understand reasons for occurrences on earth.

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Richard Kipyegon Koech

RSIF host institution: African University of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria.

PhD thesis title: Performance evaluation of a perovskite solar cell with flexible substrate.

Expected outcomes: My research project is in line with the need for efficient and low-cost energy materials aimed at addressing the global energy ‘trilemma’ of energy security, energy equity and environmental sustainability. It is expected that this study will help to develop an efficient and low-cost perovskite solar cell with a longer life-time than what is currently available.

Degrees currently held: Bachelor of Education, specializing in mathematics and physics (sponsorsed by Unilever Tea Kenya Ltd), obtained from Egerton University, Kenya in

2008; MSc in Physics (renewable energy), obtained in 2012 from Moi University, Kenya.

Background: I had a very humble upbringing, brought up by a single parent in the Rift Valley region, Kenya. My childhood was full of challenges – my family could barely meet basic needs, not to mention school fees. I remember studying at home using a kerosene lamp, which, besides staining the walls of our small, mud-walled, grass thatched hut, also presented the possibility of respiratory tract infections. These difficulties instilled in me the spirit of hard work and became the driving force throughout my studies. I was determined and considered education the only way to a better future. Defying the odds, I scored top grades in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary School Education (KCSE), with excellent scores in sciences and mathematics. My undergraduate degree provided a strong background in research and knowledge dissemination through seminars, peer teaching and teaching practice. I also had a strong desire to become a world-renowned scientist, so I enrolled

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for an MSc, funding it through savings from my undergraduate studies stipend and temporary teaching jobs.

Previously held positions: I taught mathematics and physics in secondary school for three years and also served as a tutorial fellow at Moi University, Kenya.

Influential factors: The most influential people in my life have been teachers. Their mentorship and encouragement made me believe in myself and have a passion in academics. The live I led while I was a student developed in me a desire to work hard in order to better my future, that of my family and the community

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at large. I have a desire to become one of the best researchers and teachers in my field so that I can impact positively on the lives of other people in our society.

As a youngster, I was intrigued by the idea that most concepts learned in science are practical in nature and have real life applications. I saw science as a way of finding solutions to most problems in society.

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Jean Baptiste Habinshuti


Research topic: Optimization of beneficiation and extraction techniques of tantalite ores.

Why this specific topic: My study seeks to find ways for adding value to African mineral resources before export. The research focuses on processing and extraction of tantalite ores using simple, affordable and environmentally friendly techniques. Tantalite is a mineral used in the electronics industry for capacitors and high power resistors.

The findings will have impact on environmental concerns and on the cost of tantalum production, thus making tantalum products more commercially competitive.

Currently held degrees: BSc in Chemistry, obtained in 2010 from the former National University of Rwanda; MSc in Chemistry obtained in 2016 from Lovely Professional University, India.

Background: I was born and raised in north-eastern Rwanda. I am the first family member to advance to university level. I encountered many challenges in my early years. For example, sometimes my parents would assign me chores like fetching water and grazing our livestock, at the expense of attending school. Moreover, the 1994 Rwanda Genocide caused much trauma. All the same, I performed well in the national primary school examination and joined secondary school. Here, an entirely new world opened up for me. I met new people who helped me to develop a fresh perspective about life. I also enhanced my ability to interact and coexist harmoniously with other people.

Reason for choice of science: My closest friend and study partner inspired me to strive for excellence in my studies and to develop a passion for mathematics and chemistry.

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These subjects became my favorite and I used to excel in them until my classmates nicknamed me “parabole”. During the school holidays, I used to participate in local community activities and I would also organize science tutoring sessions for younger students. This earned me another moniker; “professeur”, and I developed the desire to earn the title in reality. In university, I specialized in environmental chemistry because the subject covers a wide range of research areas, thus presenting many career opportunities.

Previously held positions: Biology and chemistry teacher in various schools in Rwanda.

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It seems Impossible until it is done”, by Nelson Mandela.

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Jeanne Pauline Munganyinka


PhD thesis title: Development of methods to optimize gold recovery and minimize waste and environmental hazards.

Expected results: My PhD study seeks to characterize gold ores in Rwanda and Nigeria. The research will recommend the most suitable gold recovery method to help the two countries reduce wastage during processing, and thus reap ultimum benefits from this valuable resource.

Currently held degrees: Bachelor of Applied Chemistry (environmental option), obtained in 2013 at Kigali Institute of Science and Technology, Rwanda; MSc in Geology obtained in 2015 at Annamalai University, India.

Background: As the eldest child, I began the task of balancing family chores and academics at just 14 years of age. I was keen to excel academically, perceiving such an achievement as the only path to a bright future. But, at home I was required to help take care of my three siblings, a duty that interfered with my private study time. Nevertheless, I tried my best to focus on my academic goals and performed well in the final national exam, proceeding to secondary school.

Reason for choice of science: Like many of my fellow students, I had a misconception that science subjects are difficult. However, I changed this mindset due to persistent motivation and encouragement from my school’s headmaster. As a result, I began to perform well in science subjects particularly chemistry, physics and mathematics. I attained excellent O level results, and studied biology and chemistry in A levels. This was unprecedented, as most female students enrolled for nursing, teaching or economics courses. I took my studies seriously and performed well. My interest in geology arose

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from what I perceived to be lack of expertise and experts in the mineral exploration sector in my country. During my two years of postgraduate studies in India, I had the opportunity to work with students and researchers who encouraged me to enroll for a PhD program.

Influential individual: Madame Louise Mushikiwabo, the current Secretary General of Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie (OIF), who previously served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, Rwanda.

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Previously held positions: Geologist, N.M.K Geological and Mining Consultant Services Ltd.

Scientific accomplishments: Three peer reviewed papers.

I am proud to be one of Rwanda’s first female geologists, a career that was previously dominated by males in the country.

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Fréjus Ariel Kpêdétin Sodédji

RSIF host institution: African Center of Excellence in Climate Change, Biodiversity & Sustainable Agriculture (CEA-CCBAD), University Felix Houphouët Boigny (UFHB), Ivory Coast.

PhD research focus: Genetics controlling legume pod borer (Maruca vitrata Fabricius) resistance in cowpea.

Expected outcomes: This research will provide a road map to develop demand-led cowpea varieties with resistance to insect pests, for the benefit of African communities that heavily depend on the legume for their protein intake.

Currently held degrees: MSc in Plant Breeding and Seed Systems obtained from Makerere University, Uganda; BSc in Agronomic Sciences, obtained in 2012 from the University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin.

Background: I was born in a rural area in Benin, West Africa. I was academically gifted and eager to acquire knowledge. After primary school, I went to live with my aunt in Abomey-Calavi city to complete secondary school.

Reason for choice of science: Living with my aunt and her family, I found myself in a household that valued education and, in particular, had a keen interest in sciences. This environment spiked my desire to learn; to embrace sciences, and to develop a passion for agriculture. In 2008, I received my high school diploma with honours in biology, and a student excellence grant from government of Benin.

Other influencing factors: Meeting Prof. Achille Assogbadjo, a well-accomplished scientist and my BSc thesis superviser, who I now consider my mentor and role model. Because of him, I became even more passionate about science.

Further, my MSc was supported by the Regional Universities Forum for Capacity Building in Agriculture

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(RUFORUM) hosted EU-Share-Intra-ACP , through a partnership with the Uganda, National Crop Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI-Uganda). As a result, I conducted research at NaCRRI-Uganda, an opportunity that provided me with important scientific exposure and enabled me to expand my professional network.

Previously held positions: Since completing my MSc five years ago, I have worked in the field of plant breeding, specifically focusing on African legumes and cereal crops. I have held the position of Associate Breeder at the Non Timber Forest Products & Orphan Crops Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Ecology,

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which is championing promotion of underutilized and new nutritious crops in Benin.

Scientific achievements: I have published five peer reviewed

papers.

Goal: I aim to become an outstanding plant

scientist and contribute to Africa’s transformation

through the generation of scientific knowledge, to

increase the continent’s global share, and development of end users preferred technologies.

I am particularly interested in harnessing the power of modern and conventional breeding tools to reduce the huge yield loss associated with pod borer infestation in cowpea.

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Traore Abdoulaye

RSIF host institution: Université Felix-Houphouët Boigny – Centre d’Excellence Africain sur le Changement Climatique, la Biodiversité et l’Agriculture Durable (CEA-CCBAD).

PhD research topic: Effect of the orange flower sweet potato (OFSP) (Ipomoea batatas), on the nutritional status of Korhogo, a city in northern Côte d’Ivoire.

Expected outcomes: The objective of the study is to understand the nutritional intake of OFSP on people in Korhogo and suggest a specific diet for infants (aged below six months). Our research will contribute to recovery diets for malnourished children.

Degrees obtained: Bachelors degree obtained in 2000 from Institut National Polytechnique – Houphouët Boigny, Yamoussoukro; Masters

degree in 2006 from Biology and Plant protection at Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan; MSc obtained in 2013 from Food Nutrition Security at Centre Régional Agrhymet, Niger.

Background: I grew up in a modest family in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. Even though we live in a disadvantaged neighborhood, I recognized that my family was in a better situation than most and I did not encounter any particular difficulties during my childhood. In addition, my father always encouraged me to work hard in school and to embrace any sacrifices towards success. My favorite subjects were mathematics and chemical physics. I would describe myself as an above average student, intelligent, hardworking and very social. I obtained my high school diploma in Abidjan then undertook preparatory classes in Yamoussoukro at the Institut National Polytechnique – Houphouët Boigny (INP-HB).

Reason for choice of science: I specialized in agronomic science specifically biology and plant protection because of the opportunities it offered, and also due to awareness of the vulnerability

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of rural communities especially to malnutrition, leading me to focus on food and nutrition security.

Influencing factors: In particular, my primary school Principal, Mr Abissiri Baikoro, who had strong confidence in me and believed in my potential to go far academically. In third class in high school, I was the top student in end year exams, even though I was among the youngest. I was introduced to the entire school. This recognition filled me with an overwhelming sense of pride and spurred me to always be the best. In science.

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Scientific achievements: Two peer reviewed papers.

I greatly admire the contribution of Franck Einstein. In society, former United States President, Barack Obama.

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Noel Gahamanyi

RSIF host institution: Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania.

PhD research topic: Transmission dynamics and antimicrobial resistance of thermophilic Campylobacter in humans, animals, and the environment in Kilosa District, Tanzania.

Expected outcomes: This study is important as it will provide data on diarrheic cases associated with Campylobacter as many laboratories do not routinely test the bacteria. The research will also identify risk factors associated with Campylobacter infections. This information will be useful in planning control measures of human infections and antimicrobial resistance, and in tracing the source of Campylobacter infections to specific animal species.

Currently held degrees: BSc in Biotechnology from the former National University of Rwanda in 2010;

MSc in Microbiology, obtained in 2013 from Jain University, India.

Background: I grew up in a christian family composed of parents, three sisters and one brother. I was intelligent and as a youngster, I had a burning desire to become a priest and joined the Minor Seminary to become a priest. However, I later changed my mind about priesthood as a vocation and opted to go to university, although it took a while to convince my parents.

Reasons for choice of science: I developed the love for sciences, especially biology, in primary school. I liked biology because it explains processes in living things and also, we had excellent teachers. In secondary school, I studied Latin, biology and chemistry, aiming to undertake a degree in medicine at university, but, I did not make the cut-off grade. However, I have found that

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microbiology enables me to conduct health related research.

Previously held position: Lecturer, Catholic University of Rwanda, until 2018 when I started PhD studies.

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I admire and respect His Excellency President Paul Kagame for his contribution in rebuilding Rwanda after the 1994 genocide and for his vision of a better life of all Rwandese citizens.

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Jean Nepomuscene Hakizimana

RSIF host institution: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Biotechnology, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania (Research being conducted at SACIDS-Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals in southern and eastern Africa (SACIDS-ACE)).

PhD research topic: Determination of the genetic variation and epidemiology of African swine fever (ASF) virus in eastern and southern Africa.

Expected outcomes: The project aims at determining the transmission dynamics of African swine fever (ASF) in Eastern and Southern African countries by application of next generation sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools. The study is expected to provide improved insight into the transmission and spread of ASF in the region. This information is

necessary for designing and validation of new diagnostic technologies, to formulate science-based control policies and in long term, the development of vaccines as a more sustainable solution to the control of ASF.

Currently held degrees: Doctor of Veterinary Medicine obtained in 2014 from Inter-State School of Sciences and Veterinary Medicine (EISMV) at the Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal, through a scholarship of excellence by the government of Rwanda; MSc in Veterinary Public Health (epidemiology and health risk management option) from the same university.

Background: I was born and raised in Western Province, Rwanda, the first of six children. After primary school, I joined Saint Pie X Minor Seminary to study biology, chemistry and Latin, completing high school in 2007.

Reasons for choice of science: Living with farmers in the rural area opened my eyes and mind to the threat of animal diseases to health, food security and livelihood. Therefore,

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I chose to become involved in the fight against these diseases, and saw science as the best way towards this goal. As such, my interest in science started in my early childhood.

Previously held positions: Due to my interest in science, while studying at EISMV, I served as a teaching assistant to undergraduate students in the department of public health and environment. Between 2016 and 2018, I was an Animal Products Inspector, Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources. In this position, I familiarized myself with the livestock system in Rwanda and managed all aspects of the safety of animal sourced food including imported products.

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Scientific achievements: I have published two manuscripts in peer-reviewed journals and has attended five conferences to make oral and posters presentations.

My interest in science started early, based on the desire to become involved in the fight against diseases.

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Emmanuel Kifaro

RSIF host institution: Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania.

PhD research topic: Development of microfluidic and realtime multiplex polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous detection of haemorrhagic swine fever viruses.

Expected outcomes: This study aims to generate knowledge on the differential diagnostic method for the two swine haemorrhagic viral diseases in case of outbreaks in the country. In addition, the findings will contribute towards building capacity for designing and application of modern methods for diagnosis of such trans-boundary animal diseases.

Background: Of my four siblings, I am the only one who opted for science. My favourite subject was Biology (Zoology). Although my parents are both scientists ( my

mother is a retired home economist, while my father is an animal geneticist), they had no influence on my selection of science studies.

Previously held degrees: Diploma in Clinical Medicine, obtained in 2004 from Mafinga Clinical Officers Training Centre; BSc in Biotechnology and Laboratory Sciences, obtained in 2009 from Sokoine University of Agriculture; MSc in One Health Molecular Biology, obtained in 2013 from Sokoine University of Agriculture.

Influential individual: Prof. Janusz T. Paweska, Head of the Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases at the National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service (NICD-NHLS) Sandringham, South Africa, and the deputy director of the Southern Center for Infectious Diseases Surveillance.

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Reasons for choice of science: It came naturally due to my love of nature.

Previously held positions: Clinical Officer; Laboratory Scientist (Molecular Biology section) and Quality officer at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Clinical laboratory.

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I chose science because it came naturally due to my love of nature.

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Humphrey Andalo Mabwi


PhD research topic: Microbiome and antimicrobial resistome diversity among cattle in Tanzania.

Expected outcomes: Food security, which ranges from availability of food, to safety of food, is critical. Animals, specifically cattle, are globally domesticated for milk, meat, manure among other uses. Their microbial consortia have roles in their health, food safety through shedding of zoonotic pathogens, and in global warming. However, these consortia have not been fully studied for functionality, pathogenicity and resistome diversity. Information on members of the microbiome with known biochemical functions is an important initial stage in designing targets for drug or vaccine development. Therefore, this study seeks to characterize cattle microbial

consortia and relate it to associated metadata. In turn, this information will have a huge impact on cattle health, productivity, public health and food safety interventions.

Background: I grew up in a family of four sisters and four brothers. My father passed on when I was seven; we were then raised by mother, a smallscale farmer, meaning that we had limited means for our upkeep and other necessities like school fees. My life experiences have moulded me into a hardworking, social and an unflappable person.

Reasons for choice of science: After primary school, I joined secondary school, alert to the fact that education is a key to a better life. My teachers always encouraged me to participate in science fairs, and I often represented my school in competitions in such fora. I was particularly fortunate to have a biology teacher who motivated me by relating exciting scientific discoveries to their applications in everyday life.

Currently held degrees: BSc in education specializing in Biology and Chemistry completed in 2011; MSc

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in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology completed in 2015.

Previously held positions: After completing my MSc degree, I took up a position as a Teaching and Research Assistant at Masinde Muliro University, western Kenya.

Influential individual: I admire the current Education Cabinet Secretary of Kenya, Prof. George A.O. Magoha, because of his achievements as a great scientist and as a leader.

Scientific achievements: I have to published two peer reviewed papers.

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I realized early on that science is well learnt when scientific theories are supported by practical experiments

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Levi Ongechi Omache


PhD research topic: Molecular studies of Peste des Petit Ruminants (PPR) virus in cattle and small ruminants in the livestock-wildlife interface in the Greater Serengeti ecosystem.

Expected outcomes: I believe that a mastery of the virus transmission dynamics and the state-of-the-art surveillance systems, such as use of biosensors may synergize disease control remedies like vaccination. This approach will eventually eliminate the disease, improve revenue in trade, food security and ultimately uplift the livelihoods of farmers. Most significantly, the fourth industrial revolution will help to bridge the gap between cyber technology and animal health. I would like to integrate my research with knowledge in big data,

aiming towards smart surveillance of PPR using the Internet of Things.

Currently held degrees: BSc in Biochemistry, obtained in 2008 from the University of Nairobi, Kenya; MSc in molecular biology, obtained in 2016 from Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Belgium.

Background: I am the second born child in a family of four. My parents, ex-teachers, valued education so highly that they committed significant resources to ensuring that my siblings and I attained the very best quality. I was enthusiastic in my studies and excelled in school from an early age.

Reasons for choice of science: In high school, I performed exceptionally well in sciences and mathematics, due to teachers, who mentored and nurtured my confidence. I particularly developed great love for biology,

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which was enhanced during my MSc studies when I undertook a project in human glioma. Working on PPR as part of my PhD, I appreciate the flexibility in molecular biology.

Previously held positions: Research Assistant at the Kenya Medical Research Institute – Center for Disease Control and Prevention (KEMRI-CDC).

Influential individual: Prof. Dr. Edilbert Van Driessche, the former IPMB (Inter-university program in molecular biology) and chairman of the Vrije Universiteit Brussels. He mentored me through my MSc and continues to provide guidance to

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ensure all international molecular biology alumni of the university are integrated in their home country institutions thereby building a strong network.

My parents valued education highly and committed significant resources to ensure that we attained the very best quality.

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Lilian Mulewa Robert


PhD research topic: Mechanisms of host tropism in mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.

Expected outcomes: The study seeks to avail new knowledge on natural protection against tuberculosis using bovine and human hosts, in a comparative approach.

Currently held degrees: MSc in Molecular Biology obtained in 2016 from Vrije Universiteit Brussel; and BSc degree in biomedical science and technology obtained in 2011 from Egerton University, Kenya.

Background: While growing up, visiting my grandmother over the school holidays was one of my favorite activities, not just because of the sense of freedom but also due to the thrilling task of helping her prepare

herbal concoctions for us, or for any of her livestock that happened to be ailing. One episode that has stuck with me to this day, is an extract from the leaves and roots of a certain herb that cleared chicken pox, with no marks left, from my sister and I, a mere two days after the symptoms first manifested. The ‘miracle’ concoction inspired my fascination with diseases, therapeutics, and the science behind them. Further, biology and chemistry happened to be my best and favorite subjects in high school and beyond.

Entry into research: I undertook undergraduate and postgraduate internships in research institutions that seek to address the prevention and control of diseases for humans, animals and plants, formed part of my career orientation. That is when the idea of crosscutting methodology to therapeutics and biomedical research was birthed in my mind.

Previously held positions: I have worked as a freelance researcher since 2011, supporting organizations including the Kenya Medical Research Institute, the Impact Research and Development Organization, the Kenya Institute for Public Policy

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Research and Analysis, and the United Nations Office for Project Services, to acquire and analyze data for their research projects. Additionally, I have assisted over 20 undergraduate and graduate biomedical, nursing and project management students in conceptualizing research ideas, developing and executing them into successful theses.

Scientific achievements: I have made two poster presentations at Inter-University Program for Molecular Biology (IPMB) scientific meetings for the alumni.

Influential individual: Malcom X, because of his non-conformist attitude.

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My grandmother’s ‘miracle’ concoctions inspired my fascination with diseases, therapeutics, and the science behind them.

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Maxwell Wambua Waema


PhD research topic: Development and evaluation of recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay for detection of porcine cysticercosis in resource-limited settings.

Expected outcomes: Porcine cysticercosis has an economic consequence because infected pigs loose 50 – 100 percent of their value. A pig carcass found to be infected with any number of cysticerci is judged unfit for human consumption, and the entire carcass is condemned, thus loss of meat and much needed protein. This study seeks to develop a rapid, sensitive, specific, equipment-free and easy to use nucleic acid diagnostic test that will facilitate rapid diagnosis and treatment of porcine cysticercosis, as well as evaluation of the control programs in endemic areas.

Currently held degrees: BSc in biochemistry obtained in 2010, specializing in molecular biology; MSc in molecular medicine obtained in 2014, both from Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Kenya.

Background: I am the first born in a family of three children. We grew up in a remote village in south eastern Kenya. My mother relied on casual jobs to send us to school and meet our daily needs. Based on my mother’s struggle, I worked hard and excelled in high school, securing government sponsorship to join university.

Reasons for choice of science: I became interested in science when I was in secondary school. I had a very good biology teacher who mentored and encouraged me to study biology and chemistry, my two favorite subjects. After high school, my parents urged me to become a nurse because

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they believed I would earn a “high” salary as a medical professional, and that my grades were too good for a life science research career. Still, I opted for biochemistry, even though it was difficult for me to convince them.

Previously held positions: Assistant Lecturer at JKUAT.

Influential individual: Dr Fred Okengo Matiang’i, the current Cabinet Secretary, Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National government and former Cabinet Secretary for Education of Kenya, mainly because of his transformative vision for the country’s education system.

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Scientific achievements: I have published six papers in peer reviewed journals.

I became interested in science when I was in secondary school. I had a very good biology teacher who mentored and encouraged me.

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Sylvia Wairimu Maina

RSIF host institution: Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Tanzania

PhD research topic: Potential use of medicinal plants of ethno veterinary importance against small ruminants’ morbillivirus.

Expected outcomes: I am working on local medicinal plants used by traditional healers in treating goat plague disease. Through screening, I will determine the presence of naturally produced compounds with inhibitory activity against the virus. My research is projected towards: promoting agriculture sustainability by minimizing production losses from animal disease; and demonstrating significance of medicinal plants and documentation of traditional knowledge

Background: I was born and raised in a humble family in Kenya. Growing

up was great until I transitioned to boarding school. I was shy, self-conscious, and became overwhelmed by the academic pressure and the new responsibilities in school. However, these challenges inspired independence and responsibility. Moreover, 15 of my primary school classmates and I later got enrolled in the same high school, where we inspired and competed against one another. My favorite subjects were mathematics and sciences. I particularly remember my English teacher who encouraged me to balance my studies since she thought I was over-focussing on sciences.

Reasons for the choice of science: My passion is in biotechnology and health. I draw inspiration from memories of my grandfather who used plant extract-based therapy to treat sheep suspected of having sustained snake bites.

Previously held degrees: Bsc in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and MSc in Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, obtained in 2011 and 2014 respectively from Jomo

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Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Kenya.

Previously held positions: While studying, I conducted tutorial classes and practical sessions for undergraduate students. Through this experience, I developed a passion for teaching and upon graduation I worked as a teaching assistant.

Influential individual: I am inspired by Dr Florence Wambugu, an African scientist reknowned for her research and development initiatives on banana tissue culture as a way of enhancing food security in the region.

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Goal: Using a “bottom up” approach in Molecular Biology I strive to understand living things by examining the components that make them up. The recent technological advances have allowed extraction and amplification of such components

from very small amounts of samples, identification of molecules or their

fragments, restriction of particular gene sequences, ligation of new useful DNA pieces

into another organism and cloning. In combination

I also use bioinformatics by integrating computers, software

tools and databases in an effort to address biological questions.

I draw inspiration from memories of my grandfather who used plant extract-based therapy to treat sheep suspected of having sustained snake bites.

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Fatoumata THIAM

RSIF Host Institution: University Gaston Berger (UGB), Senegal.

PhD thesis title: Designing self-optimized irrigation in the Sahel area based on the Internet of Things.

Expected outcomes: I want to build techniques that will facilitate water access and save this precious resource in our dry region, which is threatened by the scarce rainfall, and unpredictable weather. The Niayes, Senegal, has an exceptionally favorable climate for farming, and represents a natural base of agricultural production in Senegal. However, the region is confronted with difficulties related to increasing salt intrusion, destruction of the strip of casuarina trees, caused by speculation and irregular sale of land. In addition, farmers face difficulties regarding access to water. We aim to figure out the irrigation paradigm in Niayes, and propose a solution that seeks to optimize and automate

irrigation system using the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI). This will not only impact the planet by saving water but also would improve crop yields.

Currently held degrees: BSc experimental science obtained in 2009 from Seydina Limamou Laye high school, one of the best public high school in Senegal; MSc in Distributed Information Systems, obtained in 2015 from University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.

Background: I am the first born in my family and I have three siblings. My mother opted to become a housewife, dedicating herself to looking after us, while my dad is a university lecturer. I can say that I had a smooth and happy childhood life. I consider myself to be a determined and diligent person who always embarks on her studies with clearly defined goals. That is why as an African woman in sciences, I have been able to challenge men in my classes. My dream is to become a role model for young girls.

Reason for choice of science: I interacted with science from a very early age because my father

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is a computer scientist. When I was young my father used to take me to his office and he allowed me to use the computers. He would bring home many computer gadgets that ended being my toys. As a result, I choose computer science at university. My mathematics teacher in secondary school influenced my interest in mathematics and sciences because he taught us with patience and passion.

Previously held positions: For my bachelor degree, I worked on a distributed architecture of Voice over IP (VoIP) in 2013. That leads me to apply to a master degree in Distributed Information Systems at University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar, Senegal. For my master

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thesis, I worked on real-time storage techniques for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN).

Nonetheless, my greatest achievement was when I worked for two years as an engineer of development of telecommunications networks and services at the department of information Services of Thies University, Senegal. My mission was to set up a distributed authentication system for the university. It was a very challenging

project that we managed brilliantly.

Influential individual: Moustapha Cissé, head of the Google AI

Research Center Accra. He is a pure product of the

UGB and I am very proud of its accomplishment in AI field. His

scientific and professional career inspires me a lot.

I love science and opportunities it gives for works and its multiple research fields.

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Emmanuel Effah

RSIF host institution: University Gaston Berger, St. Louis, Senegal

PhD research topic: Implementation of new fault detection and fault tolerance solutions in wireless sensor networks (WSN) in the multi-channel contexts.

Previously held degrees: BSc in Electrical and Electronic Engineering obtained in 2009 at University of Mines and Technology (UMaT), Ghana; and Master of Information Technology (MIT) degree from Open University of Malaysia (OUM), completed in 2013.

Expected outcomes: My PhD intends to build fault tolerant solutions for WSN in multichannel contexts that will ensure that these systems function correctly despite the presence of faults. This study is expected to address reliability, availability, performability, maintainability and testability issues in existing similar

systems in areas such as health, education, energy, transport, economy and surveillance from the African perspective.

Background: I was born and raised in Ghana. My formative years were difficult, because my parents divorced. Despite these domestic challenges, I showed outstanding academic abilities. Therefore, one of my teachers, Mr Amponsah, strongly recommended to my parents to get me out of the village so that I would have a better chance to advance my education. The trend in the area was that the end of academic road came rather soon for many youngsters. My parents heeded this advice and transferred me to the city, where I qualified for the District Chief Executive (DCE) scholarship. I wrote the Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE) in 2001 and came second in the district. I then proceeded to Techiman Senior High

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School (TESS) to read pure science and completed with an excellent grade in 2004.

Previously held positions: Lecturer at UMaTs Computer Science and Engineering Department (2013 – 2018).

Reasons for the choice of science: The Ghana education system offers the opportunity to experience almost every subject, before making a decision on an area of specialization. I opted for science because of my own competence in it, my understanding of available career options, the opportunity to acquire

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indepth understanding on how things operate in the world, and the chance to challenge my brain.

Scientific achievements: In terms of achievements, I have over 13 publications in renowned peer-reviewed journals, addressing vital problems in the fields of science and engineering.

My dad taught me how to be positive in everything, remain focused and strive to live a life of significance to society.

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Regional Coordination UnitRegional Scholarship and Innovation Fund

International Centre of Physiology and Ecology (icipe) P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya

Tel +254 (20) 8632000. Email: [email protected] | www.rsif-paset.org

Twitter: @pasetrsifFacebook: facebook.com/rsif.paset

Documents

PASET–RSIF Nurturing young African talent in ASET · weighting agent in oil drilling mud, and other industrial production processes. Expected outcomes: ... top grades in the Kenya