Patanjal Singh Chandel

8/8/2019 Patanjal Singh Chandel

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STAIN BLOCKING


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STAIN BLOCKING

By- - Mukesh Kumar

&

Arvind Devashish Toppo


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Question ?

What is stain ?

How does it come ?

How can we remove this ?

What are the principle involve in

removing this ?

.

STAIN BLOCKING

?


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INTRODUCTION

Stains are ugly looking colour patches which destroy the

beauty of textile material.

It reduce the aesthetic & economical value of textile

material, hence it must be removed.


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Type of stains

based on appearance

absorbed stains ( penetrate into the fabric)

built up stains ( deposit on the surface )

compound stains ( absorbed + built )


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absorbed stains ( penetrate into the fabric)

Cloth


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Yarn of the fabric


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built up stains ( deposit on the surface )


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Compound stains ( absorbed + built )


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Based on groups :-

coarser particulates

or non acid dye

colorants in a water

finer size particulates

or natural or synthetic

colourant in waste

contain acid dyes as a

principle colour body

bleaches or oxidizing

agents usually leaving

a light coloured spot

e.g.

e.g.

e.g.

e.g.

beer, blood, nail polish ,

cooking oil

oil paint, red wine, and

egg

cough syrup,

gelatin

shoe

dye ,

hair dye


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Stain repellant & Stain release finish

should ---

Either create a repulsion between Fabric &

staining substance thus preventing stain.

Or By weakening the bonding between fabric &

staining substance. Hence, allowing easier

removal of stains during domestic wash.


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PRINCIPLE OF STAIN REPELLANT FINISH

Reduce the surface energy of the fibre to such anextent that both aqueous and oily substance(polar ornon-polar liquids) are repelled.

making the fabric surface difficult to wet.

modifying fibre surface by creating -ve charge, whichwill repel anionic acid colourants used in the drinks.

treatment can block the charged protonated aminegroup in the fibre and thus achieve repulsion ofanionic stains.to block sides for the adherence of the contaminants.


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METHODS OF STAIN REMOVAL :-

1. lubrication :- for the insoluble matter asgraphite & pigments .

Glycerin, Vaseline, and benzene soap is used forremoving of stain.

2. solvent action :- dry and wet solvent is used.

3. mechanical action :- brush, water gun is used.

4. digestion :- used of enzymes.

5. chemical action :- by using of some chemicals.


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CHEMICAL ACTION :-

1. fluorochemicals

2 . lanashield

3. sulphonated groups containing compounds

4. hybrid co-polymers

5. synthetic tanning agents called syntans


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FLOUROCHEMICALS

reduce the surface energy

enhance water & oil based stain resistance

Mechanism :-The prefluronated sides chains of polyacryalate

are oriented to point directly away from the fibre

surface and hence the

(CF2)n(CF3) terminal groups form a lowenergy repellant surface.


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Str.

Surface energy:-


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1- The perfuroalkyl group are responsible for

water proofing, oil, proofing and dirt repellent.

2 - A spacer provided the required molecular

mobility so that the substance is soluble or

emulsified.

3- Anchoring group guarantee permanence by

mean of chemical, physical, cross linking bonding.

F(CF2CF2)n

1 2 3


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Water & oil repellency by fluoric

chemical.

TEXTILE SURFACE

F F

F

F

F

F

F

F

FF

FF

FF

F

F

FF

F

F F

F FF

F

F

FF

F

F

FF

FF

F


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Effect ofNo. of washes on water and oil

repellency of a fluorochemical finished textile


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LANASHIELD:-

used for wool or wool blends

provide a durable resistance of wide range of

colored anionic stains from soft drinks, cordials

etc does not cause yellowing and is durable to

shampooing.

RECEIPE :-

liquor ratios as high as 1:20. applied to loose stock or yarn in the dyebath

pH 3 to 4 at temperatures of between 60oC and

80C for 15 to 30 minutes.


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PERFOMANCE

Lanashields performance is achieved without the

use of an expensive and environmentally

sensitive fluorochemical treatment, as used in

conventional nylon stain-block finishing.While

the use of a fluorochemical will give additional

protection against oil-based stains, many such

treatments are not durable to wear.


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SULPHONATED GROUPS CONTAINING

COMPOUNDS

It makes a covalent bond with the wool fibre and

block the active sites for further any bond

formation with the stains.

Fibre reactiveDCT

(di chloro tri azine)compoundis used, which contain sulphonated groups as a

stain blocking agents.

sulphonated aromatic formaldehyde

condensation compounds are also used.

str.-


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HYBRID CO-POLYMERS

used for permanent stain blocking

hybrid co-polymer=fluorine based hydrophobic

+hydrophilic blocks

hydrophilic in nature when it is wet. Hydrophilicblocks swell and reverse the interfacial

characteristics of the surface yielding the

hydrophilic surface, hence stain removes.

hydrophobic in nature when it is dry.T

hehydrophilic blocks are shielded by the flurocarbon

segments.

when again dried, Re-orientation of co-polymer

occurs.


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Dual action by the surface:-


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Testing for the stain resistance :-

The two most commonly used test methods are

1st - the AATCCTestMethod 175 - 2003 (StainResistance Pile Floor Coverings)

&

2nd - IWS/WNZTM 282 (TestMethod for

Determining the

Staining

Propensity of

TextileFloor Coverings)


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THANKSTHANKS


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For further study see:-

Textile Chemicals (2 A-1463)

Hand book of fibre finish(2 C-1389)

Manual Technology (2 F-1295)

Advance in wool technology(1C-2420) Encyclopedia (1D-1467)

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Patanjal Singh Chandel