PBL PresentationScenario 3

TG 2 Group 6AdelineJasmine

Lu MeiShaun

Shukur

Presentation Outline

Introduction

Conclusion

Family

•Problems

Self

•Theories

Peers

•Effects (on John)

School

•Remediation

Introduction

Case Study 3• Issues contributing to John’s negative

attitude towards learningDiscuss• Problems to the theories discussed

Relate • Effects of the problems on John

Identify • Remediation to the problems

Provide

ProblemsFamily

Self

Peers

School

Problem Division Overview

JohnSchool

PeersFamily

• Exclusion from social activities

• Unsupportive peers

• Unconducive learning environment

• Strained relationships with teachers

• Lack of love and acceptance

• Lack of safety needs

Overview of Problems

• Unmotivated to learn

Family-based Problems

Family-based problems

No love and acceptance

No safety; threatened by step-father

No positive resolution to the family problems in his life

Theories to address Family-based Problems

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Deficiency Needs

Self Actualisation

Belonging / Self-esteem

Safety

Survival

Theories to address Family-based Problems

The need for Relatedness

John wanted to feel belonged.But John did not feel wanted due to his parents’lack of attention and love for him.

Was there love and acceptance from his

family?

Effects on John

Strained relationship with his mother and stepfather

Felt neglected

Remediation for Family-based Problems

• Teachers to work closely with John’s mother:

Work on relationship

between John and

his stepfather

Mother as disciplina-

rian

Show more concern and interest

Choice of

words

Fulfill John’s need for safety and belonging

John’s Self Problems

John’s Personal Problems

Disengaged in school-related tasks It is OK to copy!

Unmotivated to learn

• Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development• Erikson’s Eight Life-Span Stages

(Development of Identity and Self-concept)

Industry Vs Inferiority

(6 to12 years)

Identify Vs Confusion (12 to 18

years)

Transition

Learning Theories to address John’s Personal Problems

Learning Theories to address John’s Personal Problems

• Behaviorism Theory Operant Conditioning Theory – Skinner

Learning Theories to address John’s Personal Problems

John understood that the punishment of copying would be caning by his step-father.

Effects on John

Low Self Esteem and Self concept

No room for self development and creation of identity

Remediation for John

• Value of completing his own work

• Increase effort attribution

• Support of Teachers:- Reduce competitive nature of the task- One-to-one support - Reinforce the efforts and set goals- Give John time to change

Peer-based Problems

Peers-based Problems

Inability to participate in group activities

Exclusion from classmates in outdoor activities

Learning Theories to address Peer-based Problems

Social Development Theory - VygotskySocial Interaction plays a role in development of a child’s cognition

However, John was:-• Ostracized by peers• Not accepted by in any social or group

activities

Effects on John

Inability to overcome the psychosocial challenge

Exhibition of aggressive behaviour to peers

Remediation for Peer-based Problems

• Peer mediation– Role of mediator– Conflict-resolution steps

• Jointly define conflict• Exchange perspectives• Reverse perspectives• Invent mutually agreeable solutions

• Programs to teach social problem-solving skills– Read and respond to real life scenarios

Remediation for Peer-based Problems

• Teacher to model behaviour– Create small classroom

feeling– Learn and support each other

academically and emotionally– Know students as people– Take time to listen and help– Clear expectation of

behaviour

Remediation for Peer-based Problems

• Class management– Students agreed upon class rules– Include everyone in discussion and play– Understand the rules– Know why the rules are important– Agree to follow the rules

Remediation for Peer-based Problems

Remediation for Peer-based Problems

• School climate– Discourage violence and aggression– Communicate clearly that such behaviour will not

be tolerated• Parental involvement– Parents awareness of school and classroom policy

Remediation for Peer-based Problems

School-based Problems

School-based Problems

Failure in his assessments

Poor relationship with teachers

Unsupportive learning environment

Effects on John

Displayed negative learning responses and behavior in school

Performed poorly in school-related work

Learning Theories to address School-based Problems

• Classical Conditioning where he associated Chinese and Mathematics with stupidity and failure respectively

This is due to the constant negative reinforcement from the teachers.

Learning Theories to address School-based Problems

• Pattern of failures,• Examples include Chinese Spelling and Maths

problems• Low Expectations- does not believe that he

can perform• Low Self Efficacy- does not believe that he can

perform a specific task

Does he believe that he can do it ??

Remediation to address School-based Problems

1. Establish rapport and trust2. Establish supportive and cooperative learning

environment

Role-play

1. Establish rapport and trust

• Applied behavioral analysis – Gordon’s Responsibility Model• communicating through “I” messages• use of unobtrusive methods and soft reprimands

• Amend the strained relationship – actively listen – personal reflection journal – referrals to student support services

• Draft a behavioral contract

Role-play

2. Establish supportive and cooperative learning environment

• Shape behaviors – maintaining eye contact – through scaffolding of questions– Positive affirmation

• Slowly fade the prompting reinforcers overtime.

• Model respect for each individual • Equal and positive classroom setting

Conclusion

The factors contributed significantly to John’s negative attitude towards learning. However, with the necessary remediation from teachers, such scenarios could be avoided. Students like John will be able to view school from a different positive light altogether.

Answer

Session

Thank YOU!