SCHEME OF EXAMINATION AND COURSE OF …gkv.ac.in/fwd/M-Sc-Physics-Semester-Final-Syllabus -wef...SCHEME OF EXAMINATION AND COURSE OF STUDY IN M.Sc. PHYSICS (w.e.f. 2012-2013) DEPARTMENT

SCHEME OF EXAMINATION

AND

COURSE OF STUDY

IN

M.Sc. PHYSICS(w.e.f. 2012-2013)

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICSGURUKUL KANGRI VISHWAVIDYALAYA,HARIDWAR

APRIL 2012

GURUKULA KANGRI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, HARIDWARM.Sc. PHYSICS SYLLABUS

(w. e. f. 2012-13)

S.N. SubjectCode

Subject Title Periodsper week

Evaluation Scheme SubjectTotalSeasonal ESE

L T P CT TA Total

M.Sc. I YearSemester – I

1 MPH-101 Mathematical Physics 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1002 MPH-102 Classical Mechanics 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1003 MPH-103 Quantum Mechanics -I 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1004 MPH-104 Computational Methods & Programming 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1005 MPH-151 Lab. Course-I (General Physics Lab.) - - 18 - - - 100 1006 MPH-152 Lab. Course-II (Computational Lab.) - - 18 - - - 100 100

TOTAL 600Semester – II

1 MPH-201 E.M. Theory & Electrodynamics 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1002 MPH-202 Statistical Mechanics 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1003 MPH-203 Quantum Mechanics -II 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1004 MPH-204 Electronic Components & Circuits 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1005 MPH-251 Lab. Course-III (General Electronics Lab.) - - 18 - - - 100 1006 MPH-252 Lab. Course-IV (Minor Project/Seminar) - - 18 - - - 100 100

TOTAL 600

M. Sc. II YearSemester – III

1 MPH-301 Solid State Physics 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1002 MPH-302 Atomic & Molecular Physics 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1003 MPH-303 Digital Electronics & Microprocessor 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1004 MPH-304 Communication Electronics-I 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1005 MPH-305 Fundamental Atmospheric Physics 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1006 MPH-306 Advanced Atmospheric Physics 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1007 MPH-351 Lab. Course-V (Specialisation-I Lab.) - - 18 - - - 100 1008 MPH-352 Lab. Course-VI (Specialisation-I Lab.) - - 18 - - - 100 1009 MPH-353 Lab. Course-VII (Specialisation-II Lab.) - - 18 - - - 100 100

10 MPH-354 Lab. Course-VIII (Specialisation-II Lab.) - - 18 - - - 100 100TOTAL 600

Semester – IV1 MPH-401 Physics of Nuclei & Particles 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1002 MPH-402 Physics & Vedic Thought (Qualifying) 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 100*3 MPH-403 Communication Electronics-II 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1004 MPH-404 Bio-effects of Atmospheric Fields 3 1 - 20 10 30 70 1005 MPH-451 Lab. Course-IX (Specialisation-I Lab.) - - 18 - - - 100 1006 MPH-452 Lab. Course-X (Specialisation-II Lab.) - - 18 - - - 100 1007 MPH-460 Dissertation - - 18 - - - 200 200

TOTAL 500G Total 2300

* Not to be Added.L = Lecture T = Tutorial P = Practical CT = Cumulative Test TA = Teacher Assessment

Department of Physics Physics

Student has to select any one of the combinations from specilisation-I & specilisation-II given below:

Semester Specilisation - I (Applied Electronics) Specilisation - II (Atmospheric Physics)Paper Code Paper Name Paper

CodePaper Name

III

MPH-303 Digital Electronics &Microprocessor

MPH-305 Fundamental Atmospheric Physics

MPH-304 Communication Electronics-I MPH-306 Advanced Atmospheric PhysicsMPH-351 Lab. Course-V

(Digital Electronics &Microprocessor Lab.)

MPH-353 Lab. Course-VII(Atmospheric Physics-I Lab.)

MPH-352 Lab. Course-VI(Communication Electronics Lab.)

MPH-354 Lab. Course-VIII(Atmospheric Physics-II Lab.)

IVMPH-403 Communication Electronics-II MPH-404 Bio-Effect of Atmospheric FieldsMPH-451 Lab. Course-IX

(Advanced CommunicationElectronics Lab.)

MPH-452 Lab. Course-X(Advanced Atmospheric PhysicsLab.)

DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR PRACTICAL/MINOR PROJECT/ SEMINAR/ DISSERTATION

Distribution of marks for Practical / Dissertation shall be as follows:

Practical examination Minor project/seminar Dissertation

Experiment/Programming 50 Project/SeminarReport 60 Report 100

Viva-voce 30 Viva-voce/Presentation 40 Viva-voce/Presentation 50

Record 20 Seminar (Internal)* 30

Diary (Periodic ssessment)** 20

TOTAL 100 TOTAL 100 TOTAL 200

Note:

1. Marks in the Dissertation shall be awarded jointly by the external and internal examiners, after viva-voceexamination.

2.* There shall be a seminar on dissertation work of the candidate to be evaluated by a departmentalcommitteechaired by H.O.D.

3.**The supervisor will assess the student’s work periodically and the marks shall be awarded for diary.


DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICSGURUKUL KANGRI VISHWAVIDYALAYA

EXAMINATION RULES(w.e.f. 2012-2013)

1. GENERAL

There shall be M.Sc. course in Physics with specialization in(A) Applied Electronics(B) Atmospheric Physics

1.1 The duration of the course shall be two academic years comprising four semesters.1.2 A candidate seeking admission to this course must have B.Sc. (T.D.C.) with Physics

and Maths as core subjects (after 10+2 system) or B.Sc. (Hons.) in Physics.1.3 The merit for admission shall be prepared on the basis of entrance test conducted by

the Vishwavidyalaya.1.4 Every candidate shall be examined in the courses as laid down in the syllabus

prescribed by Academic Council from time to time.1.5 No candidate shall be deemed to have satisfied the examination requirement for the

award of the M.Sc. degree in this course unless he/she fulfills the criteria for passingIst year and IInd year.

1.6 The examination of each theory paper shall be of three hours duration and shall carrymaximummarks 100.

1.7 Subject to the status and ordinance of the Vishwavidyalaya, M.Sc. Physics studentshall remain under the control and discipline of the Head of the Physics Department.

2. SEMESTERWISE PASSING CRITERIA

2.1 Each candidate shall be required to secure at least 40% marks in each theory paperand 40% marks in Practical /Dissertation /Project /Seminar.

2.2 The candidates shall be required to secure minimum 40% marks in aggregate. Once acandidate passes a course, he/she will not be allowed to reregister in that course.

2.3 Any candidate who once passes dissertation paper, shall not be allowed to undertakedissertation work again in any case and his/her same work will not be forward tillhe/she passes all the papers.

2.4 All the candidates taking re-examination shall have to abide by the rules and syllabiapplicable in the semester they are appearing in. In case the paper in whichre- examination is being taken is deleted from the syllabi, the old rules will beapplied.

2.5 A candidate will have to appear in the paper (s) in which he/she fails whenever theexamination of these paper (s) is held in subsequent corresponding semesters.

3. EXAMINATIONS

There shall be the following four examinations in this course :Examination I : On completion of the course of study for the Ist semester prescribed thereinin the month of November/December of the first year of the course.


Examination II : On completion of the course of study for the IInd semester prescribedtherein in the month of April /May of the first year of the course.If a candidate fails in more than half the number of papers in Ist year (including practicals),he/she shall not be promoted to IInd year till he/she clears papers in which he/she fails.

Examination III : On Completion of the course of the study for the III Semester prescribedtherein in the month of November/December of the II nd year of course.

Examination IV: On Completion of the course of the study for the IV Semester prescribedtherein in the month of April/May of the IInd year of course.

4. DISSERTATION

The dissertation shall commence from III semester and will have to be submitted at the end ofthe IV Semester up to 10th May. The topic of the dissertation may be allotted at the end ofthe II Semester and the student will carry the work throughout the second year. Adepartmental committee will approve the subject/topic of dissertation. The topic of thedissertation shall be research oriented.

The candidate hall be required to maintain a diary showing the progress report of thedissertation, which will be submitted by him for examination and evaluation. The diary shouldbe countersigned periodically by the supervisor (s).

The candidate can perform his dissertation work either at GKV Haridwar or at any otherOrganization/Industry approved by the departmental committee. For this the student can go tosuch Organisation for Summer Training and can also work during long vacations/winter breakof the Vishwavidyalaya. A person of the concerned Organization/Industry can act as co-supervisor on the recommendation of Head/Manager of that Institution and approved by thedepartmental committee.

There shall be a seminar on dissertation work of the candidate to be evaluated by adepartmental committee chaired by H.O.D.

The candidate shall be required to submit three copies of the report of the dissertation workwith a certificate from the supervisor (s) that dissertation work is the authentic record of thework performed by him/her at the approved place duly countersigned by H.O.D. Physics.

The report of the dissertation work shall be evaluated by the external examiner. The sameexternal examiner shall hold the viva-voce examination.

5. ATTENDENCEStudents are required to have 75% attendence in each Theory/Practical paper and Dissertationetc. to be eligible for appearing in the examination in each semester. Any candidate who doesnot fulfill this criteria will not be permitted to appear in examination of that particular paper.However, in case of serious illness or any other unavoidable circumstances the relaxation inthe attendence may be granted as per Universiry rules.


M. Sc. I Year Semester-I

MPH-101MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS

MM : 100 Sessional : 30Time : 3 hrs ESE : 70L T P Pass Marks : 403 1 0

NOTE: Ten questions are to be set taking two questions from each unit. The student has to attempt FIVE questions in allselecting one question from each unit. The previous year paper/model paper can be used as a guideline and the followingsyllabus should be strictly followed while setting the question paper.

UNIT-IMATRICES & TENSORSOrthogonal, Hermitian, Unitary and Normal matrices, Pauli and Dirac matrices, Orthogonality conditions,Tensor analysis: Introduction and definitions (Covariant and contravariant tensors, Addition, Multiplication &rank of tensors, Contraction, Direct product, Quotient rule), Pseudo and dual tensors, Levi-Civita symbol,Metric tensor, Christoffel symbols as derivatives of the metric tensor.

UNIT-IICOMPLEX VARIABLESFunctions of complex variables, Analytic function, Cauchy integral theorem and Cauchy integral formula,Taylor and Laurent series, Theorem of residues, Contour integrals and evaluation of definite integrals.

UNIT-IIISPECIAL FUNCTIONSLegendre, Bessel, Hermite, Laguerre equations and their solutions & polynomials, Recurrsion relations,Orthogonality and generating functions, Associated Legendre polynomials.

UNIT-IVINTEGRAL TRANSFORMSFirst and second order shifting theorems, Fouriers series, Fourier integral, Fourier transformes (FT), Dirac-delta functions and its FT, Laplace transforms (LT), Inverse LT by partial fractions, LT of derivative andintegral function .

UNIT-VPARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONLaplace equation and its solution in rectangular, cylindrical and spherical co-ordinates; Poisson equation(Green’s function solution), Two dimensional wave equation, Vibrating membrane (rectangular and circular).

Text Books / Reference Books

1. Mathematical Physics - B.S. Rajput2. Mathematical Methods for Physics - G Arfken3. Mathematical Methods for Physics- G.Arfken4. Applied Mathematics for Physicists & Engineer- Pipes & Harvil5. Matrices and Tensors for Physicists- A .W. Joshi6. Advanced Engineering Mathematics- E. Kreyszig7. Mathematics for Physicists- Mary L . Boas8. Special functions - E.D. Rainville9. Special functions –W. W. Bell10. Mathematical Methods for Physicists & Engineers- K.F. Reily, MPH Hobson & SJ Bence


M. Sc. I Year Semester-IMPH-102

CLASSICAL MECHANICS



UNIT-I

LAGRANGIAN FORMALISM AND VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLEMechanics of a particle and system of particles, Conservation laws, Constraints, Degree of freedom,Generalised coordinates, D’Alembert’s principle, Lagrange’s equation of motion from D’ Alembert’sprinciple, Application of Lagrange’s equation of motion to a particle and system of particles,Conservationtheorem, Hamilton’s variational principle, Euler- Lagrange’s differential equation.

UNIT-II

HAMILTONIAN FORMALISMNeed of Hamiltonian procedure, Legendre’s transformation and Hamiltonian equations of motion, Physicalsignificance of Hamiltonian, Cyclic coordinates, Hamiltonian equatons in cylindrical and sphericalcoordinates and their applications, Application of Hamiltonian equation of motion to a particle and system ofparticles.

UNIT-III

LEAST ACTION PRINCIPLE AND CANONICAL TRANSFORMATIONSThe principle of least action (no proof), Canonical or contact transformations, Their advantages andexamples, Condition for a transformation to be canonical, Infinitesimal contact transformations (ICT),Poisson’s Brackets: Definition and properties, Invariance with respect to canonical transformations, Equationof motion in Poisson Bracket form, Jacobian’s identity.

UNIT- IVMOTION UNDER CENTRAL FORCESEquivalent one body problem, General features of central force motion, Study of orbits, Virial Theorem,Kepler’s laws of planatery motion, Laplace-Runge-Lenz vector, Unbound motion, Scattering in a centralforce field, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulation of relativistic mechanics.

UNIT-V

MECHANICS OF RIGID BODIES AND THEORY OF SMALL OSCILLATIONSCoordinates for rigid body motion, Euler’s angles, Angular momentum of a rigid body, Moments andproducts of inertia, Principal axes transformation, Euler’s equation of motion of a rigid body, Stable andunstable equilibriums, Lagrange’s equation of motion for small oscillaitons, Normal co-ordinates and normalmode, Frequencies of vibration, Free vibration of linear triatomic molecules.

Text Books / Reference Books1. Classical Mechanics- N .C Rana and P.S. Joag (Tata Mcgraw-Hill, 1991)2. Classical Mechanics- H. Goldstien (Addison Wesley, 1980 )3. Mechanics- A. Sommerfeld (Academic Press, 1952)4. Introduction to Dynamics- I. Perceival and D. Richards (Canbridge Univ. Press)


M. Sc. I Year Semester-IMPH-103

QUANTUM MECHANICS – I



UNIT-I

SCHRöDINGER WAVE MECHANICS AND APPLICATIONMotion of wave packet, Schrödinger equation, Normalised and orthogonal wave functions, Stationary statesolution, Expectation values of dynamical variables, Probability current density, Ehrenfet’s theorem,Momentum eigen functions and their applications, Coordinate and momentum representation, Rectangularpotential barrier and its applications to - decay, Particle in 1-D infinite deep potential well.

UNIT-IIBOUND STATE PROBLEMSOne dimensional and three dimensional harmonic oscillators, One dimensional finite square well, Sphericallysymmetric systems and potentials, Rigid rotator, Hydrogen atom and its normal state.

UNIT-IIIOPERATORSAlgebra of operators, Linear operators, Eigen function and eigen values of operators, Orthogonal andcomplete set of eigen function, Dirac, Bra and Ket space, Heisenberg’s uncertainty relations derived fromoperators, Hermitian operator and its properties, Matrix representation of operators, Change of basisfunctions, Unitary and similarity transformations, Equation of motion. Schrödinger, Heisenberg andinteraction pictures.

UNIT-IVANGULAR MOMENTUMCommutation Algebra, Commutation relation between position and momentum, Commutation relation fororbital angular momentum (L), Spin angular momentum (S) and total angular momentum (J), Eigen valuespectrum for J2 and Jz , Matrix elements of Jx, Jy, Jz, Addition of angular momentum, C.G. coefficients (noderivation) and their uses .

UNIT-VIDENTICAL PARTICLES AND SPINPhysical meaning of identity, Exchange symmetry of wave functions, Symmetric and antisymmetric wavefunctions, Pauli’s exclusion principle and its connection with statistical mechanics, Collision of identicalparticles, Spin angular momentum, Effect of spin on energy states of an atom (He-atom), Spin orbitinteraction and spin correction, Symmetric and antisymmetric wave functions of hydrogen molecule (H2).

Text Books / Reference Books1. Quantum Mechanics - L. I. Schiff (McGraw-Hill)2. Quantum Mechanics - Merzbacher3. Quantum mechanics - B. Craseman and J D Powell (Addison Wesley)4. Quantum Mechanics - Mathews and Venkatesan5. Quantum Mechanics - A. P Messiah6. Quantum Mechanics - S. Gasiorowicz (Wiley)7. Modern Quantum Mechanics - J.J. Sakurai



MPH-104COMPUTATIONAL METHODS AND PROGRAMMING



UNIT-I

COMPUTATIONAL METHODS

SOLUTIONS OF ALGEBRAIC & TRANSCENDENTAL EQUATIONSAlgebraic & transcendental equations,Numerical solution, Method of bisection, Method of false position,Newton-Raphson iteration, Direct iterative method, Convergence.

UNIT-IIINTERPOLATION & CURVE FITTINGSErrors in polynomial interpolation, Finite differences, Differences of a polynomial, Newton’s formula forinterpolation, Central differences, Interpolation formulae- Gauss’s, Stirling & Bessel formula- Interpolationwith unevenly space points- Lagranges interpolation formula, Errors in Lagranges interpolation formula,Curve fitting - Least square curve fitting, Weighted least square approximation.

UNIT III

NUMERCAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATIONNumercal differentiation, Errors in numerical differentiation, Cubic spline method, Numerical integrationTrapezoidal rule, Simpson’s 1/3 rule, Simpson’s 3/8 rule– use of cubicsplines, Newton’s cotes integration,Gaussian integration.

UNIT IVC PROGRAMMINGIntroduction to algorithms, C character set, Identifiers and key words, Data types, Declarations, Expressions,Statements and symbolic constants, #include, #define, Preparing and running a complete C program;Arithmatic, Relational, Logical, Assignments and conditional operators; Precedence rule, Associative law; If-else, Switch, Break, Continue statements; While, Do-while, For statements, Nested loops; Go to statements;One and two dimensional arrays, Basic concept of pointer.

UNIT V

Functions: Defining and accessing, Formal and actual parameters, Function prototypes, Recursion, Storageclasses (basic concept); Structures: Defining and processing; Data files: Open, Close, Create, Process.

Text Books / Reference Books1. Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis - Sastry2. Numerical Methods in Engg. & Sciences - Grewal B.S. Khanna Pub. N Delhi3. Numerical Analysis - Rajaraman4. Computers Today - Byron D.H. Mc Hill5. Programming in ANSI C - E. Balaguruswamy, TMH6. Numerical Method for Scientific & Engg Computation - Jain, Iyengar, Wiley, 1987



MPH-151LAB. COURSE-I

GENERAL PHYSICS LAB

MM : 100 ESE : 100Time : 6 hrs Pass Marks : 40L T P0 0 6

1. Michelson Interferometer2. Febry-Perot Interferometer3. C.D. Spectrometer4. Verification of Cauchy’s relation5. Ultrasonic interferometer6. Magnetic Susceptibility7. B-H Curve8. Planck’s constant9. Four-Probe method10. Lande ‘g’ factor using E.S.R. Spectrometer11. Hall coefficient12. Determination of Dielectric Constant13. Design and study of different Network theorems14. Determination of Hall Life of ‘In’15. Determination of range of Beta-rays from Ra and Cs16. X-ray diffraction by Telexometer17. Determination of Ionization Potential of Lithium18. Determination of e/m of electron by Zeeman Effect using Febry Perot Etalon19. (a) Measurement of wave length of He-Ne Laser light using ruler

(b) Measurement of thickness of thin wire with laser20. To study Faraday effect using He-Ne Laser21. (a) To find the conductivity (Dark and Phtoconductivity) of a thin film semicondutor

at room temperature, low temperature and high temperature(b) To study the photointensity and photospectral variation of photoconductivity of a thin film

semiconductor

Note: 1. Students are required to perform atleast ten experiments from the above list.2. In practical examination the student shall be required to perform one experiment from the list.3. Addition or deletion in the above lists may be made in accordance with the facilities available with

the approval of H.O.D. Physics.



MPH-152LAB. COURSE-II

COMPUTATIONAL LAB


LIST-A NA PROGRAMMING

1. To deduce errors involved in polynomial interpolation2. Algebraic and transcendental equations using bisection, iterative method of false position3. To implement Bessel’s function, Newtons, Stirling, Lagrange’s.4. Implement numerical differential using trapezoidal, Simpson 3/8 rules5. Integration by trapezoidal rule and midpoint rule6. Quadratic interpolation using Newton’s forward difference formula7. To find roots of f(x)=0 using Bisection method8. To find roots of f(x)=0 using Newton-Raphson method9. To find roots of f(x)=0 using Secant method10.To show frequency chart, regression analysis, Linear square fit and Polynomial fit11.To implement method of least square fitting

LIST-B SOLUTION OF PHYSICS PROBLEMS IN C PROGRAMMING

1. Motion of object that falls freely2. Motion of projectile in horizontal direction3. Motion of satellite around a planet4. Motion of body attached to spring5. Motion of damped harmonic oscillator6. Fourier sum of harmonic waves7. Diffraction in N-slits grating8. Electric field due to N point charges9. Motion of a charge particle in a uniform magnetic field10. Growth of current in LR circuit11. Oscillations in LCR circuit

Note: 1. Students are required to perform ten programmes from each list A and List B.2. In practical examination the student shall be required to perform two programmes one

each from the list A and list B.3. Addition or deletion in the above lists may be made in accordance with the facilities

available with the approval of H.O.D. Physics.


M. Sc. I Year Semester-II

MPH-201E.M. THEORY & ELECTRODYNAMICS



UNIT-IELECTROSTATICSBoundry value problems, Conductor and uniqueness theorem, Method of images, Image and induced surfacecharge, Force and energy, Problem of sphere and charge, Multipole expansion potential- Monopole and dipoleterms in detail, Electric fields of a dipole, Dielectrics- deceptive parallel, Force and energy in dielectricsystem.

UNIT-II

MAGNETOSTATICS AND FIELDS IN MATTERThe divergence and curl of B, Ampere’s law, Magnetic vector potential, Boundary conditions and multipoleexpansion, Magnetisation-Dia, para and ferromagnets, Effect of Magnetic field in atomic orbits, Boundcurrents and their interpretation, Magnetic field inside matter, Ampere’s law in magnetised materials, Linearand nonlinear media.

UNIT-IIIELECTRODYNAMICSMaxwell’s equation and magnetic charge, Equation inside matter, Boundary conditions, Potentialformulations, Scalar and vector potentials, Gauge transformations, Coulomb and Lorentz gauge, Lorentz forcelaw in potential form, Energy and momentum, Newton’s third law in electrodynamics, Poynting theorem.

UNIT-IVELECTROMEGNETIC WAVESPolarisation, Boundary condition, Reflection and refraction, E.M. waves in nonconducting media,Monochromatic plane wave in vacuum, Energy and momentum of E.M. waves, Reflection and transmission atnormal incidence and at oblique incidence, Dispersion -Frequency dispersion, Frequency dependence of , and in noncondutors.Waveguides: Rectangular and circular waveguides.

UNIT-VELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATIONDipole radiation, Retarded potentials, Electric dipole radiation, Magnetic dipole radiation, Radiation from apoint charge, Radiation from an arbitrary distribution of charge and currents, Lineard -Wichart potentials,Field of a point charge in motion, Power radiated by a point charge.

Text Books / Reference Books1. Introduction to Electrodynamics - Griffith D.J2. Classical Electricity and Magnetism - Panofsky & Phillips3. Plasma Physics - Bittencourt4. lassical Electrodynamics -Bittencourt5. Electricity & Magnetism - A. Kip, McGraw Hill



MPH-202STATISTICAL MECHANICS



UNIT-I

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STATISTICAL MECHANICSThermodyanamic potentials, Thermodynamic equilibria, Nernst’s heat theorem, Chemical potential, Phasespace, Ensembles, Density distribution of phase space, Liouville’s theorem, Microstate and macrostates,Thermodynamical probability, Most probable distribution, Maxwell-Boltzmann disitribution law, Law ofequipartition of energy.

UNIT-IIMETHODS OF ENSEMBLESMicrocanonical ensemble- Perfect gas in microcanonical ensemble, Entropy, Gibbs Paradox, Partitionfunction and its correlation with thermodynamic quantities, Canonical Ensemble- Thermodynamic functionand partition functions, Grand canonical ensemble- Thermodynamic function and partition functions, Theoryof imperfect gases, Equation of state and virial co-efficients.

UNIT-IIITHEORY OF IDEAL GASThe ideal quantum gas, Bose-Einstein statistics, Fermi-Dirac statistics and Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics,Evaluation of constants α and β and their thermodynamic interpretation, Black body radiation and Planck’sradiation, Grand canonical ensemble and the quantum statistics.

UNIT-IVIDEAL B/E GASEnergy and pressure of a gas, Gas degeneracy, Bose-Einstein condensation, Thermal properties of B/E gas,Liquid He, Landau’s theory of liquid He-II, Feyman’s theory of liquid He-II.

UNIT-VIDEAL FERMI GASEnergy and pressure of a gas, Weakly degenerate and strongly degenerate, Thermodynamic functions ofdegenerate F/D gas, Electron gas, Pauli theory of paramagnetism and Landau diamagnetism, White Dwarfs ,Neutron stars.

Text Books / Reference Books1. Statistical Mechanics – R. K. Pathria2. Statistical Mechanics – K. Huang3. Statistical Physics - E.S. R. Gopal4. Theoretical Chemistry - Glasstone5. Statistical Mechanics - S.K. Sinha6. Statistical and Thermal Physics- F. Reif7. Statistical Mechanics - Landau & Lifshitz8. Introduction to Statistical Physics - Pointon


M. Sc. I Year Semester-IIMPH-203

QUANTUM MECHANICS – IIMM : 100 Sessional : 30Time : 3 hrs ESE : 70L T P Pass Marks : 403 1 0


UNIT-ISTATIONARY STATE PERTURBATION THEORYNon-degenerate case, First order and second order stationary perturbation theory, Degenerate case, Zeemaneffect (without electron spin), First order Stark effect in H-Atom, The Variation method and its application toground state of He and Vander-Waals interaction, WKB approximation, Connection formula for barrierpenetration, Application of WKB method to theory of decay.

UNIT-IITIME DEPENDENT PERTURBATION THEORY AND SEMICLASSICAL THEORY OF RADIATIONThe time dependent perturbation theory, Transition probaility, FG rule, Harmonic perturbation, Adiabatic andsudden approximation, Radiation theory- Interation of radiation with atom, Electron dipole transition andforbidden transition, Classical radiation field, Asymptotic form of radiated energy, Dipole radiation, Planckdistribution formula, Application of radiation theory-selection rule for a single particle.

UNIT-IIISCATTERING THEORYLaboratory and C.M. frames, Scattering cross section, Wave function for a particle in spherical polarcoordinates, Expansion of plane wave in spherical harmonic, Scattering by spherically symeteric potentials(partial wave analysis), Scattering by an attractive potential well, Scattering by a Coulomb field- Rutherfordformula, Condition for validity of Born Approximation, Application of Born approximation : (a) Scattering bya square well potential (b) Scattering by a screened Coloumb field.

UNIT-IVRELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICSThe Klien-Gordon equation, Dirac relativistic equation and its covariant form, Dirac free particle solution(Plane wave solution), Probability density and current density, Review of electromegnetic potentials, Diracequation for particle in E.M. field, Magnetic moment of electron, Existance of electron spin, Spin-orbitcoupling, Solution of Dirac’s equation for a central field (H-atom), Energy eigen values, Negative energy stateand concept of hole.

UNIT-VQUANTISATION OF FIELDSClassical and quantum field equations: Co-ordinates of the field, Time derivative, Classical Lagrangian andHamiltonian equations, Quantum field equations.Second quantisation, Quantisation of non-relativistic Schrödinger equation, Creation, Annihilation andnumber operators, Anticommutation relations, Equation of motion.Electromagnetic field in vacuum: Commutation relation for E and H, Plane wave representation, Quantisedfield theory, Quantised field momemtum, Commutation relations at different times.Text Books / Reference Books

1. Quantum Mechanics - L. I. Schiff (McGraw-Hill )2. Quantum mechanics - B .Craseman and J .D .Powell (Addison Wesley)3. Quantum Mechanics - Mathews and Venkatesan4. Principles of Quantum Mechanics - I.S. Tyagi (Pearson)5. Modern Quantum Mechanics - J.J. Sakurai6. Introduction to Quantum Field Theory, - Paul Roman (John Wiley)7. Quantum Fields - N.N. Bigollubov & D.V. Shrikov8. Introduction to Quantum Fiels Theory- Paul Roman



MPH-204ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS & CIRCUITS



UNIT-IREVIEWNetwork & network theorems, Diode circuits-Rectifiers & smoothing circuits, Voltage multipliers, Limiters &clampers, Photodiode and LED, Zener diode, Varacter diode and tunnel diode, Transistor fundamentals,Transistor biasing, CE and CC amplifier and their small signal equivalanet circuits.

UNIT-II

FIELD EFFECT TRNASISTER (FET) AND FREQUENCY EFFECTSFET and MOSFET device chracteristics, FET biasing, FET amplifier, Lead and lag networks, Miller’stheorem, High frequency FET and BJT analysis, Bode frequency response plots, Amplifier frequencyresponse.

UNIT-III

OP-AMP THEORY WITH NEGATIVE FEED BACKThe differrential amplifier, DC and AC analysis of a differential amplifier, CMMR, The OP-AMP,OP-AMP DC offset characteristics, Freuqncy response, Slew rate and power bandwidth, Types of negativefeedback: Non–inverting voltage feed back, Effect on input and output impedences, Non–inverting currentfeedback, Inverting voltage and current feed back, Band width, Closed loop gain and BW.

UNIT-IVOP-AMP CIRCUITSInverting amplifier, Non-inverting amplifier, Summing amplifier, Active filters, Comparators, The Schmitttrigger, Integrator, Differentiator, Waveform conversion, Waveform generator, Current to voltage and voltageto current converters, Low pass, band pass and band reject filters, Brief study of timer 555.

UNIT-V

THE OSCILLATORS, VOLTAGE REGULATORS AND THYRISTORSThe positive feedback and oscillations, Wein bridge oscillator, RC and LC oscillators, The unwantedoscillations and stability, Multivibrators.Zener diode regulators, transistor series voltage regulators, Negative feedback voltage regulators, Transistorshunt voltage regulator, The SCR and its applications, UJT and its applications.

Text Books / Reference Books1. Solid State Electronics - Ben G. Streetman, PHI2. Semiconductor Devices-Physics and Technology- S. M .Sze Wiley (1985)3. Introduction to Semiconductor devices - M.S. Tyagi, John Wiley & Sons4. Electronic Devices & Circuits- G.K. Mithal5. Electronic Principles (3/e)- A.P. Malvino, TMH6. Op-Amps & Linear integrated circuits - Ramakanth A. Gayakwad, PHI, Second Edition, 1991


M. Sc. I Year Semester-IIMPH-251

LAB. COURSE-IIIGENERAL ELCTRONICS LAB


1. (a) Design and study of low voltage regulated power supply and measure its regulationcharacteristics(b) Design and study of IC 723 and 3 terminal IC regulator based power supply(c) Study of 5 V/2 amp. regulated power supply using 3 Pin regulator and series pass transistor

2. Design and study of a CE transistor amplifier and study its frequency response, Input and outputimpedance

3. Design and study of a CC transistor amplifier and estimate its input, output impedances and frequencyresponse

4. Design a two stage RC coupled BJT amplifier with and without feed back and study frequencyresponse for two different gains

5. Design and study of junction diode limiter & clamper6. Study of FET characteristics, Load line, Calculation of IDss and pinch off voltage7. Study of MOSFET characteristics, Load line, Calculation of IDss and pinch off voltage8. Design and study of FET & MOSFET amplifier9. Study and construction of a Push-Pull amplifier10. Study and draw V-I characteristics of SCR, its design and application circuit using SCR11. Design and study of UJT relaxation oscillator. To study wave form generation and storage

oscilloscope12. To study frequency, Voltage, Temperature measurements13. Study of pin connection and biasing of various linear IC’s and timer 55514. Study of real OP-AMP; The maximum slew rate, Input offsets, Frequency compensation15. Design and study of OP-AMP as inverting, Non-inverting and summing amplifier16. Design and study of OP-AMP as subtracter, integrator and differentiator17. Design and study of OP-AMP as Schmitt trigger and measure its hysteresis characteristics18. Design and study of astable, monostable and bistable multivibrator using OP-AMP19. Design and study of phase shift oscillator using OP-AMP20. Design and study of a Wein bridge oscillator using OP-AMP21. Study of IC timer 555 as;

(a) Astable multivibrator(b) A monostable multivibrator(c) Time delay

22. Design and study of high pass, low pass, band pass and band reject filters using OP-AMP23. Design and test a Logarithmic amplifier24. Study of function generator using OP-AMP25. Study of a instrumentation amplifier using OP-AMP

Note: 1. Students are required to perform ten experiments from each list.2. In practical examination the student shall be required to perform one experiments

from each list.3. Addition or deletion in the above lists may be made in accordance with the facilities



M. Sc. II Year Semester-III

MPH-301SOLID STATE PHYSICS

MM : 100 Sessional : 30Time : 3 hrs ESE : 70L T P Pass Marks : 403 1 0NOTE: Ten questions are to be set taking two questions from each unit. The student has to attempt FIVE questions in allselecting one question from each unit. The previous year paper/model paper can be used as a guideline and the followingsyllabus should be strictly followed while setting the question paper.

UNIT-ICRYSTAL BINDING AND LATTICE VIBRATION IN SOLIDSIonic bonding, Evaluation of Madelung constant, Covalent crystals, Exchange energy calculation, Molecularbonding and Vander-Waals interaction.Vibration of one dimentional solid, The linear diatomic lattice, Acoustic and optical modes of vibrations,Phonon, Momentum of phonon, Einstein & Debye models and T3 Law.

UNIT-IIDEFECTS IN CRYSTALS AND FREE ELECTRON THEORYPoint defects, Line defects and planer faults, The role of dislocations in plastic deformation and crystalgrowth, X-ray and electron microscopy techniques for observation of imperfections in crystals.Energy levels and density of orbits (in one dimension), Fermi-Dirac distribution, Free electron gas in threedimension, Electrical conductivity and effect of impurities, Thermal conductivity of free electron gas,Wiedemann -Franz law.

UNIT-IIIENERGY BANDS IN SOLIDS AND SEMICONDUCTOR THEORYWave function in a periodic lattice and Bloch theorem, Kroning Penny model, The nearly free electronapproximation, The tight binding approximations, Number of orbitals in a band, Classifying material assemicondutor and band gap, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductor, Mobility, Drift velocity and conductivityof intrinsic semiconductors, Carrier concentration in semiconductors, Impurity semiconductors and thermalionization of impurites, Impurity states and band model.

UNIT-IVTRANSPORT PROPERTIES AND MAGNETIC RESONANCEBoltzmann transport equation, Sommerfeld theory of electrical conductivity, Relaxation time, Hall effect,Experimental determination of Hall coefficient, Residual resistivity, Temperature dependent resistivity,Principle of magnetic resonance, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Electron spin resonannce, Resonance,Flourescence, Theory of Mössbauer effect, Isomer shift, Quadrupole interaction, magnetic hyperfineinteraction.

UNIT-VSUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND FERROMAGNETISMThe BCS theory, Transition temperature, Meissner effect, Critical field, Type I and type II superconductingmaterials, Cooper pairs, Joesphson tunneling, Superconductivity at high temperatures (elementary).Weiss theory of ferromagnetism, Heisenberg model and molecular field theory, Spin waves and magnons,Curie-Weiss law for susceptibility.Text Books /Reference Books1. Solid State Physics – C.Kittel2. Solid State Physics - A.J. Dekker3. Cryatallography for Solid State Physics- Verma & Srivastava4. Introduction to Solids - Azaroff5. Elementary Solid State Physics - Omar6. Solid State Physics : Aschroft & Mermin7. Principle of Condensed Matter Physics - Chaikim & Lubensky8. Introduction to Solid State Physics-PatersonDepartment of Physics Physics


MPH-302ATOMIC & MOLECULAR PHYSICS



UNIT-ISPECTRA OF ALKALI & ALKALINE ELEMENTS AND X-RAY SPECTRAQuantum states of an electron atoms, Atomic orbitals, Pauli’s principle, Different series in alkali spectra,Term values and quantum defect, Ritz combination principle, Penetrating and non-penetrating orbits, Spinorbit interaction, Spectra of alkali and alkaline elements, Energy state of helium atom, Spectra of helium andmercury, Characteristics of X-ray spectra, Fine structure of X-ray levels, Spin relativity doublets,Flourescence yield and Auger effect.

UNIT-IICOMPLEX SPECTRAHamiltonian of complex spectra atom, L-S and J-J coupling, Term values in equivalent and non-equivalentelectron systems, Hunde’s rule, Lande interval rule, Energy level diagrams and selection rules in complexspectra, Regularities in complex spectra, Fine and Hyperfine structure of spectral lines, Zeeman effect,Paschan -Back effect and Stark effect.

UNIT-IIIMOLECULAR BINDING AND ROTATION -VIBRATION SPECTRAMolecular orbital method, The hydrogen melecule ion, Van der-Waals forces for H-atom, Born andOppenheimer approximation, Rotational spectra of linear and diatomic molecules, Vibrating diatomicmolecule, Molecule as anharmonic oscillator, Fine structure of vibration-rotation bands, Vibrational spectraof YX2 type molecules, Isotope effects in vibrational bands.

UNIT-IVELECTRONIC AND RAMAN SPECTRAFrank-Condon principle, Vibrational coarse structure, Rotational fine structure of electronic vibrationtransition, Raman spectra : Classical and quantum theory of Raman effect, Rotational Raman effect , Structuredetermination from Raman and IR spectroscopy.

UNIT-VLASERSSpontaneous and stimulated emission, Temporal and spatial coherences, Pumping process, Types ofLaser:Solid state Laser (Ruby), Gas Lasers (Helium-Neon and Carbon dioxide) and Semiconductor laser (Ga-As), Population inversion, Properties of Laser beams, Laser Applications : Distance measurement, Laserinterferometery, Holography.Text Books / Reference Books

1. Introduction to Atomic spectra- H.E. White2. Fundamentals of molecular spectroscopy - C. B.Banwell3. Spectroscopy Vol I, II & III - Walker & Straughen4. Molecular spectroscopy - Jeane L . McHale5. Molecular spectroscopy - J.M. Brown6. Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy - G.M. Barrow7. Spectra of atoms and Molecules- Jeanne L. McWale8. Laser spectroscopy & Instrumentation - Demtroder9. Lasers- B.B. Laud10. Principles of Lasers- O. Svelto11. Laser Applications - SirohiDepartment of Physics Physics


MPH-303SPECIAL PAPER- I

DIGITAL ELECTRONICS & MICROPROCESSORMM : 100 Sessional : 30Time : 3 hrs ESE : 70L T P Pass Marks : 403 1 0


UNIT-I

NUMBER SYSTEM AND LOGIC CIRCUITSNumber systems - Decimal, Binary, Octal, Hexa decimal and their interconversions, The ASCII code,EXCESS-3 code, Gray code and BCD code, Binary addition and subtraction, 2’s complements arithmatic,Half adder and full adder, Binary multiplication and division,Transistor as a switch, OR, AND, NOT andNAND logic gates, Boolean algebra: Boolean laws and theorem, Demorgan’s theorem, Logic families : RTL,DTL, TTL, ECL, Sum of product and product of sum methods, K-Map; pairs, quads and octets, K-mapsimplification, Min-term and max- term analysis.

UNIT-II

DATA PROCESSING CIRCUITS AND FLIP FLOPMultiplexer and demultiplexer, Decoder, BCD to decimal decoders, Encoders, Parity generators, Checker,Seven segment display, RS, JK, M/S JK, T & D clocked and edge triggered flip-flop and their timingdiagrams.

UNIT-IIIREGISTERS AND COUNTERSBuffer register, Shift register, Controlled shift register, Ripple counter, Frequency counters, Ring counters,Up and down counters, Electronic counters : Counting unit, Gate generator, Universal counter and its modesof operation.

UNIT-IVD/A & A/D CONVERSION AND SEMICONDUTOR MEMORIESA/D converters: Successive approximation A/D converters, Voltage to time A/D converter, Voltage tofrequancy A/D converters and dual-slope integrator A/D converters, D/A conversion techniques, Digitalvoltmeter, Accuracy and consideration, Memory addressing, ROMS, RAMS, DRAMS.

UNIT-V

MICRO COMPUTERS & INSTRUCTIONS SETSDigital computers, Computer languages, From large computers to single-chip micro-computers,Microprocessor architecture and its operations, Memory, Input/output (I/O), The 8085 MPU, Instructionsclassification, instruction format, How to write and execute a simple programme, Instruction timings andoperation status, Data transfer (copy) Instructions, Arithmetic operations,Logic operations, Branch operations,Writing assembly language programs, Debugging a program.Text Books / Reference Books1. Digital Principles and Application- A.P. Malvino and Donald P. Leach , TMH, New Delhi2. Digital Integrated Electronics - Taub H. and Schilling B., McGraw, Singapore, 20013. Digital Design - M. Morris Mano, PHI, 19984. Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications with8085/8086 by Ramesh S. Gaonkar, Wiley-Eastern

Ltd., 19875. Microprocesor and Interfacing ,Programmkimg and Hardware -Douglas V. Hall, second edition, Mcgraw Hill

International Edition,1992.Department of Physics Physics

M. Sc. II Year Semester-IIIMPH-304

SPECIAL PAPER- IICOMMUNICATION ELECTRONICS I



UNIT-IAMPLITUDE MODULATIONCommunication systems, Modulation, Bandwidth requirements, Noise: External noise, Internal noise, Noisecalculation, Noise figure, Amplitude modulation: Theory, Generation of AM, Basic requirement, Modulatedtransistor amplifiers, Single side band (SSB) techniques: Evolution of SSB, Suppression of carrier andunwanted side band, Demodulation: Envelop detection, Product detector.

UNIT-IIANGLE MODULATIONTheory of frequency and phase modulation- Mathematical representation of FM, Frequency spectrum of FMwave, Phase modulation, Intersystem comparisons, Noise and frequency modulation- Effects of noise oncarrier, Pre-emphasis de-emphasis, Comparison of wide band and narrow band FM, Stereo Phonic FMmultiplex system, Generation of FM- FM methods, Direct methods, AFC.

UNIT-IIITRANSMISSION LINES, RADIATION AND PROPAGATIONFundamentals of transmission lines, Characteristics impedence, Losses, Standing waves, Reactance propertiesof transmission lines, The Smith chart and its applications,Ground (surface) waves, Sky wave propagation- The ionosphere, Space waves, Tropospheric scatterpropagation, Extraterrestrial communications.

UNIT-IVANTENNASThe elementary doublet, Wire radiator in space, Antenna gain and effective radiated power, Antennaresistance, Bandwidth, Beamwidth and polarisation, Ungrounded antennas, Grounded antennas, Groundingsystems, Effects of antenna height, Antenna coupling at medium frequency, Directional antennas- dipolearrays, Folded dipole and applications, The Yagi antenna.

UNIT-VRADIO RECEIVERSReceiver types- TRF receiver, Superhetrodyne receiver, AM receiver- RF section and characteristic,Frequency changing and tracking, intermediate frequency and IF amplifiers, AGC, Extension ofsuperhetrodyne principle, FM receivers- comparison with AM receiver, Amplitude limiting, Basic FMdemodulators.Text Books / Reference Books

1. Principles of communication systems - Taub and Schilling, TMH, 19942. Electronic Communication System - G. Keneddy3. Communication systems, Third Edition -Simon Haykin, John Wiley & Sons ,Inc. 19944. Digital and Commuincation system - Roden H.S., PHI5. Analog and Digital Communication - Chakraborty, Dhanpat Rai6. Electronic Communication System - Wayne Tomasi, Peasrson Edition7. Advanced Electronics Communication Systems- Wayne Tomasi, PHI. Edn.8. Communication Electronics - Rody & Coolen



MPH-305SPECIAL PAPER- I

FUNDAMENTAL ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS



UNIT-IESSENTIALS OF ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICSStructure of the atmosphere: Troposhere, Stratopshere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere; Composition of air,Greenhouse effect and enhanced greenhouse effect, Transport of matter, Energy and momentum in nature,Stratification and stability of atmosphere, Laws of motion, Hydrostatic equilibrium, Elements of weather andclimate of india.

UNIT-II

SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL RADIATIONPhysics of radiation, Interaction of light with matter, Rayleigh- and Mie- scattering, Laws of radiation(Kirchoffs law, Planck’s law,Beer’s law, Wien’s displacement law, etc.), Solar and terrestrial spectra, UVradiation, Ozone depletion problem, IR absorption, Energy balance of the earth atmosphere system.

UNIT-III

ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUESGround based measurements of temperature, Pressure and humidity, Airborn measurement of aboveparameters, Measurement of air, water and noise pollutions, Measurement of precipitation, Measurement ofcloud parameters using Radar.

UNIT- IV

ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION AND DEGRADATIONElementry fluid dynamics, Diffusion, Turbulence and turbulent diffusion, Factors governing air, Water andnoise pollution, Air and water quality standards, Waste disposal, Heat island effect, Land and see breeze,Puffs and plumes, Gaseous and particulate matters, Wet and dry deposition.Residence time and reaction rates of pollutants, Sulphur compounds, Nitrogen compounds, Carboncompounds, Organic compounds, Aerosols, Toxic gases and radioactive particles, Trace gases.

UNIT-V

GLOBAL AND REGIONAL CLIMATEElements of weather and climate, Stability and vertical motion of air, Horizontal motion of air and water,General circulation & climate, Pressure gradient forces, Viscous forces, Inertia, Reynolds number, Energybalance-a zero- dimensional green house model, Global climate models.

Text Books / Reference Books1. Meteorology for Scientists & Engineers- Ronald B. Still, Brooks/ Cole Cengage Learning 1995.2. Environmental Physics - Edbert B. and Reink V. Groundelle, John Wiley3. The Physics of Atmosphere - J.T. Hougtion, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1977.


M. Sc. II Year Semester-IIIMPH-306

SPECIAL PAPER- IIADVANCED ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS

MM : 100 Sessional : 30Time : 3 hrs ESE : 70L T P Pass Marks : 403 1 0NOTE: Ten questions are to be set taking two questions from each unit. The student has to attempt FIVE questions in allselecting one question from each unit. The previous year paper/model paper can be used as a guideline and the followingsyllabus should be strictly followed while setting the question paper.

UNIT-I

ATMOSPHERIC THERMODYNAMICSGas laws: Virtual temperature, Hydrostatic equation: Geopotential, Scale height, Constant pressure surfaces,Reduction of pressure to sea level, First law of thermodynamics: Joule’s law, Specific heats & enthalpy,Adiabatic processes: Air parcel & dry adiabaic lapse rate, Potential temperature, Thermodynamic diagrams,Water vapour in air: Moisture parameters, Pseudoadiabatic processes & saturated adiabatic lapse rate,Equivalent and wet bulb potential temperatures, Normand’s rule, Ascent decent effect, Staticstability : Unsaturated & saturated air, Conditional & convective stability, Second law of thermodynamics:Carnot cycle, entropy, Clausius - Clapeyron equation.

UNIT-IICLOUD FORMATION & MICROPHYSICS OF CLOUDTheory of nucleation of water vapour & cloud condensation nuclei, Microstructure of warm clouds, Cloudliquid water content & entrainment, Growth of cloud droplets in warm clouds: By condensation, Bycollection, By collission-coalescence, Microphysics of cold clouds: Nucleation, Growth & concentration ofice particles, Formation of precipitation in cold clouds, Artificial modification of clouds & precipitation:Modification of warm & cold clouds, Inadvertent modification.

UNIT-IIIATMOSPHERIC DYNAMICSKinematics of large scale horizontal flow: Elementary properties, Vorticity & divergence, Defotmations,streamlines & trajectories, Dynamics of horizontal flow: Apparent & real forces, Equation of motion,Geostrophic & thermal wind, Vertical motion & planetary rotation vorticity conservation, Potential vorticity,Primitive equations: Vertical coordinate, Hydrostatic balance, Energy equation, Vertical motion field,Solution & application of primitive equations.

UNIT-IVATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY & LIGHTNINGFair weather atmospheric electric fields and currents, Mechanisms of cloud electrification: Precipitationpowdered & connective mechanisms, Electrochemical charge separation, Charge structure of the clouds,Thundercloud electric fields.Lightning initiation in a thundercloud, Cloud to ground and intracoud lightning, Positive lightning, Lightningsuperbolts, Lightning fields: Electric & magnetic fields, Ratiations from lightning, Application of thelightning electric field measurements, Lightning sprites.

UNIT-VNUMERICAL METHODS & WHETHER PREDICTIONSolution to atmospheric equations: Approximate solutions, Parameterizations & models, Grid points, Finitedifference equations, Numerical stability, Numerical forcast process: Balanced mass & flow fields, Dataassimilation & analysis, Forcasts, Post processing, Refinements, Forcast quality: Accuracy & varification,Elementary non linear dynamics & chaos: Predictability, Lorentz strange attractor, Ensemble forcaster.Text Books / Reference Books

1. Atmospheric Science - John M. Wallace & Peter V. Hobbs, Academic Press (2006)2. Meteorology for Scientists and Engineers - Ronald B. Stull, Brocks/Cole Cengage Learning (1995)3. The Lightning Discharge - Martin A. Uman, Academic Press (1987)4. Dynamic Meteorology - Holton, J.R., 3rd edition , Academic PressN.Yf. (1992).5. The Physics of Monsoons - R.N. Keshvamurthy ans M. Shanker Rao, Allied Publishers, 19926. Numerical Weather Prediction - G.J. Haltiner and R.T.Villians, John Wiley and Sons, 1980Department of Physics Physics


MPH-351LAB. COURSE-V

DIGITAL ELECTRONICS & MICROPROCESSOR LAB


1. Construction and study of logic gates using diode and transistors

2. Study of pin connection, power supply requirement and truth tables of various digital IC’s

3. Design and study of control combinational logic network

4. Design and study of different shift registers using IC’s

5. Design and study of multiplexer for different modes using IC’s

6. Design and study of demultiplexer for different modes

7. Design and study of decoders

8. Design and study of encoders

9. Design and study of different counter modes

10. Design and study of RS, D, JK and T flip-flops

11. Design and study of A/D converter

12. Design and study of D/A converter

13. Study of ITL 742121 as monostable Schmitt trigger

14. Design and study of decode and display circuit using 7448 and FND 507 or other LED

15. Study of basic instructions and programming for simple application of 8085 Microprocessor

16. Study of interfacing of 8251,8255, 8253, 8257 etc.

17. Study of addition, subtraction, multiplication & division using 8085/8086

18. Study of motor speed control, temperature control using 8085/8086

19. Design and study of active filters

20. Study of an experiment using various types of memory elements

Note: 1. Students are required to perform ten experiments from the list.2. In practical examination the student shall be required to perform one experiment.3. Addition or deletion in the above lists may be made in accordance with the facilities available

with the approval of H.O.D. Physics.



MPH-352LAB. COURSE-VI

COMMUNICATION ELECTRONICS LAB


1. Study of amplitude modulation & demodulation

2. Study of SSB modulation & demodulation

3. Study of frequency modulation & demodulation

4. Study of AGC and AVC

5. Study of simple radio receiver circuits using IC

6. Study of the characteristics of a superhetrodyne broadcast radio receiver

7. Study of FM receivers

8. Study of the sweep generator using SCR and UJT

9. Determination of antenna constants

10. Study of half wave antenna

11. Study of Marconi antenna

12. An elementary study of antenna array

13. Study of Yagi antenna

14. An elementary study of broadcast transmitter

15. An elementary study of coaxial and parallel transmission lines

16. Ionospheric study (i) critical frequency (ii) virtual height (iii) signal strength

Note: 1. Students are required to perform ten experiments from the list.2. In practical examination the student shall be required to perform one experiment.3. Addition or deletion in the above lists may be made in accordance with the facilities




MPH-353LAB. COURSE-VII

ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS-I LABMM : 100 ESE : 100Time : 6 hrs Pass Marks : 40L T P0 0 6

1. Measurement of solar radiations (Solarimeter)

2. Wind direction and speed measurement

3. Measurement of rainfall

4. Measurement of aerosols

5. Numerical weather modelling

6. Wind fabric diagram

7. Measurement of humidity

8. Measurement of atmospheric attenuation of laser radiation

9. Measurement of particulate matter(Man made or indusreial)

10. Measurement of ozone in atmosphere

Note: 1. In practical examination the student shall be required to perform One experiment.2. Addition or deletion in the above lists may be made in accordance with the facilities available with

the approval of H.O.D. Physics



MPH-354LAB. COURSE-VIII

ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS-II LAB


1. Laboratory simulation of cloud formation and to study the effect of aerosols, ions, electric field on it

2. Simulation of atmospheric electric field

3. Measurement of atmospheric electrostatic field

4. Measurement of lightning radiation at VLF

5. Measurement of lightning radiation at HF

6. Experiments on lightning protector

7. Analysis of rain water using UV spectrophotometer

8. Measurement of parallel and perpendicular components of atmospherics

9. Effect of electrostatic field on mice and rates

10. Effect of pollution on some animals(rats etc.)

Note: 1. In practical examination the student shall be required to perform one experiment.2. Addition or deletion in the above lists may be made in accordance with the facilities available with the

approval of H.O.D. Physics


M. Sc. II Year Semester-IV

MPH-401PHYSICS OF NUCLEI & PARTICLES



UNIT-INUCLEAR INTERACTION AND NUCLEAR REACTIONSNucleon: nucleon interaction, Exchange forces and tensor forces, Meson theory of nuclear forces, Nucleon-nucleon scattering, Effective range theory- Spin dependence of nuclear forces, Charge independence andcharge symmetry of nuclear forces, Iosospin formalism ,Yukawa interaction.Direct and compound nuclear reaction mechanisms, Cross sections in terms of partial wave amplitudes,Compound nucleus, Scattering matrix, Reciprocity theorem, Breit-Wigner formula.

UNIT-IINUCLEAR MODELSLiquid drop model, Bohr-Wheeler theory of fission, Experimental evidence for shell effects, Shell model,Spin-orbit coupling, Magic numbers, Angular momenta and parities of nuclear ground states, Qualitaivediscussion and estimates of transition rates, Magnetic moments and Schmidt lines, Collective model.

UNIT-IIINUCLEAR DECAYAlpha decay, Beta-decay, Fermi theory of beta decay, Shape of the beta spectrum, Total decay rate, Angularmomentum and parity selection rules, Comparative half lives, Allowed and forbidden transitions, Selectionrules, Parity violation, Two component theory of neutrino decay, Multipole transitions in nuclei : Angularmomentum and parity, Selection rules, Internal conversion, Nuclear isomerism.

UNIT-IVELEMENTARY PARTICLESTypes of interaction between elementary particles, Hadrons and leptons, Symmetry and conservation laws,Elementary ideas of CP and CPT invariance, Classification of hadrons, Lie algebra, SU(2), SU(3) multiplets,Quark Model, Gell-Mann, Okubo mass formula for octet and decuplet hadrons, Charm, Bottom and topquarks.

UNIT-VNUCLEAR INSTRUMENTATIONIonization chamber, Geiger-Muller counter, Scintillation counter, Semiconductor detecctor, Bubble chamber,Spark chamber, Nuclear Emulsions, Cerenkov Counters, Van De Graff accelerator, Cyclotron, Phase stabilityprinciple, Synchrotrons, Colliding beam, Betatron, Basic introduction to large hadron collider (LHC).

Text Books / Reference Books1. Nuclear Physics(2nd Ed.) - I. Kalplan, Narosa, Madras, 19892. Atomic nucleus - R. D. Evans, McGraw Hill, N York3. Concepts of Nuclear Physics - B.L. Cohen, MGH, Bombay, 19714. Nuclear Physics - R.R. Roy and B.P. Nigam, Wiley- Eastern Ltd., 19835. Introduction to Experiemntal Nuclear Physics - R.M. Singru, John Wiley & Sons6. Introductuctory Nuclear Physics - S.K. Khatroz, Nuclear Instrumentation Kenneth S.Kiane, Wiley, New York, 19887. Atomic and Nuclear Physics vol.2 - Ghoshal,8. Introduction to nuclearPhysics- H.A. Enge, Addison -wesley, 19759. Introduction to high energy Physics - P.H.Perkins, Addison-wesley, London, 198210. Quarks, Leptons - F. Halzen and A.D. Martin, John Wiley & sons, N York11. Modern Elementary Particle Physics- G. Kare, Edition Wiseley



MPH-402 (Qualifying)PHYSICS & VEDIC THOUGHT



UNIT-I

SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING OF VEDASVedangas, Symbolism in Vedas, The Vedic Gods (Devas)(Rg. 1.164.44, Atharva 10.8.31, Rg. 10.5.7, 10.190.1) Comparision with Eddington’s view of consciousness inelementary particles, Vedic units of measurement of mass, Length and time.

UNIT-IIENERGY(Rg. 10.72.4, 10.90.16 , 10.130.1 , 1.164.13 , 10.82.6 , Atharva 10.8.10 , 11.1.1.)(Yaju12-24,25; Rg. 2.2.9; Rg. 3-1-9; Rg. 8.19. 7. )

UNIT-III

HEAT, LIGHT, MEGNETISM, ELECTRICITY AND ATOMIC THEORY(Rg. 10. 45.1, 10. 45.3, 2.1.1 ), (Yaju. 23.5.2 , Rg. 10.81.3, 10.72.6)(Rg. 5-89 Supta: Rg. 8-101, 1.2; Rg. 1.88, 1-5)

UNIT-IVCOSMIC RAYSYayo group (heat waves), Marichi group,Vayu group, Marut group, Ribhu group (Rg. 10. 140.1, 10. 45.8,1.136.3, 5. 59.7, 5. 57.4, 5. 54.3, , 5. 55.3, 1.88.1, 2. 34.3, 2. 34.2, 1.31.1, 1. 64.5, 1.164.47, 1. 164.51,1.110.4).(Rg. 1.8.8, 1.5; Rg. 1.87.4, Rg. 1.64.9, Rg. 1.36.8)

UNIT-VUNIVERSE(Yajuh 31.17, 3. 6, Rg. 1. 164.35, 10. 65.6, 1. 143.4).Rg. 1. 83.5, , 5. 47.3, 10.149.1, 7. 99.3, 10. 111.5, 6.47.18, 1. 164.2, 1.164.1, 1. 35.2, Yaju 13.30, Atharva4.1.1, 5.6.1)Estabilisation and expansion of universe (Rg. 2.12.2, 2.17.5, 7.86.1, 6.70.1, 3.22.2, 1.91.22, 10.88.3,),Creation and dissolution of universe. (Rg. 10.190.3, 4.18.1, 3.2.12), Comparision with the theory of osillatoryuniverse.(Rg. 10.129; 1-7 (Big Bang Theory); Rg. 10.1.6; Yaju 3-12, 14-23, Ath 19.9.80; Rg. 1.164.13)

Text Books / Reference Books1. The Call of Vedas - Abinash Cahndra Bose2. Cosmology of the Rigvedas (London 1887) - W. Wallis3. Physics in ancient India - Narayen Gopal Dongre4. Science in Vedas - Acharya V.N. Shastri5. The Vedas - Jeanire Miller, Rider & Co., London



MPH-403SPECIAL PAPER III

COMMUNICATION ELECTRONICS –IIMM : 100 Sessional : 30Time : 3 hrs ESE : 70L T P Pass Marks : 403 1 0


UNIT-ISIGNAL ANALYSIS & PULSE MODULATION SYSTEMSSystem and signals, Signal representation using Fourier series, Signal representation using Fourier transform,Power spectral density.Sampling theorem- Low Pass and Band Pass signals, PAM, Channel BW for a PAM signal, Natural sampling,Flat-top sampling, Signal recovery through Holding, Quantization of signals, Quantisation error, PCM,Differential PCM, Delta modulation, Adaptive delta modulation, Noise in pulse code and delta modulationSystems: Calculation of quantization noise, Output signal power, Output signal-to-noise ratio in PCM, DM.

UNIT-IIDIGITAL MODULATION TECHNIQUESBinary phase shift keying (BPSK), Differential phase shift keying (DPSK), Quadrature phase shift keying(QPSK), M-ary PSK, Quadrature Amplitude phase shift keying (QASK), Binary freuquency shft keying(BFSK), M-ary FSK, Minimum shift keying (MSK).

UNIT-IIIDATA TRANSMISSIONBaseband signal receiver, Probability of error, Optimum filter, White noise, Matched filter and proballity oferror, Coherent reception, Correlation, PSK, FSK, Non-coherent detection of FSK, Differential PSK, QPSK,Calculation of error probability for BPSK, BFSK and QPSK.

UNIT-IVMICROWAVE COMMUNICATIONPrinciple of velocity modulation, Reflex klystron and magnertron, Advantages and disadvantages ofmicrowave transmission, Loss in free space, Propagation of microwaves, Atmospheric effects on propagation,Fresnel zone problem, Ground reflection, Antennas used in microwave communication systems.

UNIT-VRADAR SYSTEMS AND SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONRadar block diagram and operation, Radar range equation, Minimum detectable signal, Receiver noise, Radarcross- section, Pulse repeitition frequency, Antenna parameters, Radar transmitters and receivers.Satellite communcations: Orbital and geostationary satellites, Orbital patterns, Look angles, Orbital spacings,Satellite systems, Link modules.

Text Books / Reference Books1. Principles of communication systems, 2/e - Taub and Schilling, TMH2. Digital and Commuincation system - Roden H.S., PHI3. Analog and Digital Communication - Chakraborty, Dhanpat Rai4. Electronic Communication System - Wayne Tomasi, Peasrson Edition5. Advanced Electronics Communication Systems - Wayne Tomasi., PhI. Edn.6. Digital and Analog Communication System- K. San Shanmugam, John Wile & Sons7. Microwaves- K.L. Gupta, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi8. Satellite communication - D.C. AgrawalDepartment of Physics Physics


MPH-404SPECIAL PAPER III

BIO-EFFICT OF ATMOSPHERIC FIELDSMM : 100 Sessional : 30Time : 3 hrs ESE : 70L T P Pass Marks : 403 1 0


UNIT-IDIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF TISSUESDefinition and basic concepts, General relaxation theory, Distribution of relaxation times, Kramers- Kronigrelations, Interfacial polarization (Maxwell-Wagner effect), Two slabe in series, Dilute suspension ofspherical particles and membrane covered spheres, Dipolar relaxation mechanism, Counterion polarizationeffects, Dielectric dispersion in conductivity and permitivity of tissues.

UNIT-II

BIO-EFFECTS OF DC AND ELF ELECTRIC FIELDSPhysics of the interaction of electric fields with biological materials, Effect of electric fields on cellmembranes, Non-linear effect of AC fields on cells, Thermal effects, Natural and man-made fields, Man-madefields in typical living environment, Observed electric field effect on biological systems, Medicalapplications.

UNIT-III

BIO-EFFECTS OF STATIC MAGNETIC FIELDSPhysiological and medical applications of magnetism, Cells biomolecules and chemical reaction in magneticfields, Mutagenic, Mitogenic, Morphological and development effects of magnetic fields, Geomagnetic fieldsin the orientation and homing of organisms.

UNIT-IVBIO-EFFECTS OF ELF MAGNETIC FIELDSHuman exposure of ELF magnetic fields, Mechanism of interaction of ELF magnetic fields, Experimentalstudies on ELF megnetic field effects: Interaction with electrically excitable tissues and behaviour effects,Cellilar and tissue interactions, Cancer related studies, Human health studies: Residential and occupationalexposure and cancer risk, Epidemiological studies.

UNIT-VTHERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF BIO-EFFECTSModern magneto-therapies: Fundamental strategies, Supportive evidence, Current status, Direct current andbone growth: Bone properties, Electricity and bone, Application of electrical energy, Clinical use of dccurrents, Electroacupuncture: Theories,Anatomy and effects of acupuncture, Auricular & electro acupuncture,Complications of & indications for acupuncture treatment.

Text Books / Reference Books1. Handbook of Biological effetcs of Electromagnetic fields - C. Polk and E. Postow, C.R.C. Pres Boca Raton 19962. Modern Bioelectricity - A.A. Marino, Marcel Dekker Inc New York, 1988.



MPH-451LAB. COURSE-IX

ADVANCED COMMUNICATION ELECTRONICS LAB


1. To study pulse amplitude modulation/demodulation

2. To study pulse position /pulse width modulation /demodulation

3. To study phase modulation

4. To study FSK modulation/ demodulation using timer/PLL

5. To study microwave characteristics and measurement

6. To study solid state microwave oscillator

7. To study PLL circuits and applications

8. To study fibre optics communication

9. To study trouble shooting using signal analyzer

10. To study assembler language programming on PC

11. To study experiments based on computer aided design

12. To study PCM-PDM

13. To study TDM-PAM

14. To study sampling and reconstruction

15. To study PSK, QSK modulation techniques

16. To study PAM wave form

17. To study delta modulation, adaptive delta modulation

18. To study sigma modulation and demodulation techniques

19. To study mircowave communication systems

20. To study microwave antennas

Note: 1. Students are required to perform ten experiments from the list.2. In practical examination the student shall be required to perform one experiment.3. Addition or deletion in the above lists may be made in accordance with the facilities




MPH-452LAB. COURSE-X

ADVANCED ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS LAB


1. Measurement of gaseous pollutant (SO2,CO2,NO,O3)

2. Measurement of solar UV radiation

3. To study biological effect of ELF fields (on animals)

4. To study biological effect of strong magnetic fields(on animals)

5. To study monitoring of noise pollution

6. To study on water pollution

7. To study on soil pollution

Note: 1. In practical examination the student shall be required to perform one experiment.2. Addition or deletion in the above lists may be made in accordance with the facilities available with the

approval of H.O.D. Physics



MPH-460DISSERTATION

MM : 200 ESE : 200Pass Marks : 80

The student is required to undergo a dissertation in the IV Semester. The course will be based on

preliminary research oriented topics both in theory and experiment. The teacher who will act as

supervisor for the dissertation will float topic of the dissertation and any one of them will be allotted

to the student.

Supervisor for each student and topic of the dissertation shall be notified at the end of II Semester

and the student will carry the work throughout the III and IV Semesters (second year). A departmental

committee will approve the subject/topic of dissertation. The dissertation shall have to be submitted

at the end of IV semester up to 10th May.

The student shall be required to maintain a diary showing the progress report of the dissertation,

which will be submited by him for examination and evaluation. The diary should be countersigned

by the supervisor periodically.

The candidate can perform his dissertation work either at GKV Haridwar or at any other

Organization/Industry approved by H.O.D. Physics. A person of the concerned Organization/Industry

not below the rank of Assistant Professor can act as co-supervisor on the recommendation of Head

/Manager of that Institution and approved by the departmental committee.


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SCHEME OF EXAMINATION AND COURSE OF …gkv.ac.in/fwd/M-Sc-Physics-Semester-Final-Syllabus -wef...SCHEME OF EXAMINATION AND COURSE OF STUDY IN M.Sc. PHYSICS (w.e.f. 2012-2013) DEPARTMENT