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Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center0 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center
최 은 하
대전입자빔 및 플라스마 연구실 / PDP 연구센터
광운대학교 전자물리학과
http://pdpcenter.kw.ac.kr
PDP 개론 및 구동원리PDP 개론 및 구동원리
2007년 상반기 FPD 전문가 양성 교육 세미나
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center1 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 1
차 례
1. PDP 개론
1-1. PDP 소개 및 전극구조1-2. PDP 제조 공정1-3. PDP 기체 방전1-4. PDP 플라스마 및 이의 특성
2. PDP 구동원리
2-1. PDP 구동 특징2-2. ADS 구동법
3. 성능 향상을 위한 PDP 기술 동향
4. 요 약
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center2 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 2
Home of tomorrow—displays are everywhere!
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center3 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 3
Display Devices
CRT LCD
Rear Projection PDP
http://www.lgeshop.com/jsp/jseip_PrdItm.jsp?ecpid=1171694http://www.lgeshop.com/jsp/jseip_PrdItm.jsp?ecpid=1250402
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center4 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 4
1-1. PDP 소개 및 전극구조
1. Plasma Display Panel 개론
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center5 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 5
PDP와 플라스마의 의미
■ PDP의 명칭◇ PDP: “Plasma Display Panel”의 약자
- 기체 방전을 이용한 표시 소자- 1964년 Bitzer and Slottow (Illionis Univ.)로부터 유래됨.
(AC-PDP의 최초 발명자들임. 기존은 모두 DC type 이었음.)◇ 최초의 명칭은 “gas-discharge devices” (1927)
■ 플라스마란?◇ 플라스마: 방전에 의해서 발생되는 “전리된 기체”를 의미함.
- Langmuir에 의해서 붙여진 이름. (“weakly ionized gas”)◇ ionization degree δ
- δ < 10-4 : weakly ionized plasmas (“cold plasmas”)- δ > 10-4 : strongly ionize plasmas (“hot plasmas”)
◇ PDP: δ < 10-5
■ 플라스마의 발생: 제4의 물질 상태
+ +
++ +
ee e
ee
고체 액체 기체 플라즈마
에너지 크기
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center6 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 6
전극이 방전공간에 그대로 노출되어 있어 전압이 인가되는 동안방전전류가 흐르게 된다. 따라서 전류제한을 위한 저항을 외부적으로만들어주어야 하는 단점이 있다. 전극이 방전 공간에 노출이 되어있어서 수명이 짧은 단점이 있다.
전극이 유전체 층에 덮여 있어 자연스러운 용량성 형성으로전류가 제한되며, 방전 시 이온의 충격으로부터 전극을 보호하므로DC형에 비하여 수명이 길다. 단색 표시에는 용이하나 컬러표시를 위해형광체를 도포하여 사용하면 이온 충격에 의한 수명에 문제가 발생한다.
면방전형은 표시방전이 일어나는 전극부분을 한쪽으로 모으고, 형광체를 반대쪽에 위치시켜 방전 시 이온충격으로 인한 형광체 열화를최소화함으로 AC 대향형의 문제점을 극복하였다.
PDP의 종류
[ DC 형 ]
[ AC 대향형 ]
[ AC 면방전형 ]
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center7 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 7
History
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center8 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 8
Plasma Display Panel
Dielectric layer
MgO layer
Addressing electrode
Sustaining electrode(ITO)
Barrier Ribs
Front glass
Phosphors(RGB)
Bus electrode
PDP 방전 혼합 기체
He-Ne(26 %)-Xe(4 %)/Ne-Xe(4 %) 400 torr
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center9 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 9
가시광
유지전극(ITO)
유전체층 보호층(MgO)
SiO2층
격벽
형광체층
Bus 전극
방전(자외선)
형광체 발광
유전체층
어드레스전극
AC형 PDP의 구조
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center10 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 10
What is a PDP?
• 효율 (현 1.8 lm/W) PDP의 단점 :
PDP의 장점대형화 (40인치 이상)가볍고 얇은 구조
160도 이상의 넓은 시야각
A Flat panel display using phosphor luminescence by UV photons emitted from discharge plasmas.
White light emission
DischargeDischargeDischarge
저가
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center11 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 11
Operation & Research issues
PDP cell uses the mixture gases of Xe, Ne, and He at the pressure rangeof 400 ~ 500 Torr.
Research issues of present PDPs
Low luminous efficiencyHigh power consumptionImage qualityLifetimeHigh price
Present PDPs
1.5 lm/W
CRTs
5.0 lm/W
Future PDPs
Over3.0 lm/WPhosphor layer
Xe* Xe* Xe* Xe*
VUVvisiblelight
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center12 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 12
What are the merits of PDP?
대형화대형화 용이용이
40 inch40 inch60 inch60 inch
80 inch80 inch
박박 형형
1/10 of CRT1/10 of CRT
경경 량량
1/6 of CRT1/6 of CRT
넓은넓은 시야각시야각
160160oo or moreor more
화면화면 Uniformity Uniformity 좋음좋음 자계자계 영향영향 없음없음
NN
CRTCRTPDPPDP
SS
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center13 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 13
Power consumptionPDP is
better !
Image qualityPDP is
better !
Average brightness ~ 500 cd/m2 Peak brightness ~ 1100 cd/m2
LCD TV vs PDP TV
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center14 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 14
PDP와 LCD 의 Main Zone 비교
FHD(1920×1080)
HD(1280×768)
SD(640×480)
10 15 20 30 40 50 60
Current LCD-TV
Future LCD-TVFuture PDP
Current PDP
70 inch
○ Main zone of PDP is Larger than that of TFT-LCD - PDP : 40”~50” / TFT : 30”
○ Maximum size of PDP is unlimited (PDP 100” / TFT 50”)
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center15 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 15
Display 장치에서 PDP는대형화 디지털화의 첨단을주도하는 Device이다.
102nchPDP
102nch102nchPDPPDP
세계 최대 PDP TV (SDI)-102 inch
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center16 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 16
Power Consumption of PDP and LCD TV
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center17 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 17
1-2. PDP 제조 공정
1. Plasma Display Panel 개론
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center18 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 18
ITO-glass세정
◆ ITO가 coating 되어있는 유리 기판상의오염 물질을 제거함.(cf. ITO 패턴을 유리 기판에 직접
형성할 경우도 있음)◆ 중성세제, NaOH 등 사용◇ Wet-station 사용
ITO 전극패턴
◆ ITO 전극을 설계치대로 패턴화 시킴.◆ 노광법을 많이 사용함.◇ DFR 라미네이팅 또는 PR 코팅 노광
(패턴 마스크 사용) 현상 에칭박리 패턴 검사
◇ 라미네이터, 노광기, Wet-station
BUS 전극패턴
◆ BUS 전극 (보조 전극)을 형성함.◆ 인쇄법 (Ag paste), 포토법 (Ag 감광성
paste), Cr/Cu(Al)/Cr 박막 적층 (포토에칭법, lift-off 법 등)
◇ FODEL 인쇄법: 전극 paste 전면 인쇄건조 노광 (패턴 마스크) 현상소성 패턴 검사
Black Stripe패턴
◆ 비방전 영역에 외광 반사 억제용 패턴
형성
◆ 인쇄법, 포토법, BUS와 동시 소성법 등
AC-PDP의 제조 공정 (상판 ①)
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center19 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 19
투명 유전층
전면 도포
◆ 전극과 방전 가스 간을 절연시킴.◆ 가시광 투과율이 좋아야 함.◆ PbO(-SiO2-B2O3)를 많이 사용.
무연재: P2O3, B2O3, ZnO, SiO2, Al2O3◇ 인쇄법을 많이 사용.
일부 업체는 Green-sheet laminating 법.
Sealing용Frit glass
도포
◆ 상판과 하판과의 밀봉 목적.frit glass를 하판 쪽에 도포하기도 함.
◆ 연화점이 배기 공정 온도보다 높아야 함.◆ (PbO,SiO2,B2O3) + Vehicle(수지+용제)◇ Dispenser 사용.
MgO 보호막형성
◆ 투명 유전층 위에 MgO 막 형성 (7,000Å)① 2차 전자 방출 ② 유전층 보호막
◆ MgO 외의 대체 물질을 아직 찾지 못함.◇ E-beam evaporation 법, Ion-sputtering
법, Ion-plating 법 등.
AC-PDP의 제조 공정 (상판 ②)
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center20 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 20
Glass 기판세정
◆ 유리 기판상의 오염 물질을 제거함.◆ 중성세제, NaOH 등 사용◇ Wet-station 사용
어드레스
전극 패턴
◆ 어드레스 전극을 패턴화 시킴.◆ 노광법을 많이 사용함.◇ 상판의 BUS 전극 공정과 거의 유사함.◇ 인쇄법의 경우 라미네이터, 노광기,
Wet-station 등의 장비 사용.
하판 유전층
형성
◆ 전극과 방전 가스 간을 절연시킴.◆ 가시광 반사율이 좋아야 함.◆ 백색 안료로 ZrO2, B3N4, TiO2 사용.
무연재: P2O3, B2O3, ZnO, SiO2, Al2O3◇ 인쇄법, green-sheet 법, 테이블 코팅법,
격벽과 동시 제작법 등.
Black Stripe패턴
◆ 셀 별로 독립적인 방전 공간 확보 역할과
형광체가 도포되는 기반 역할.◆ 모유리 (Pb-B-Si-Al-O)에 filler 및 안료
(흑색 또는 백색)를 첨가.◇ 인쇄법, 샌드블라스팅법, 에칭법, lift-off
법, 감광성 페이스트법, 몰딩법 등.◇ 인쇄법: (인쇄-건조)를 10회~15회 정도
반복한 후 최종적으로 소성함.
AC-PDP의 제조 공정 (하판 ①)
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center21 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 21
형광층
도포
◆ 격벽의 라인별 또는 셀 별로 R, G, B의가시광을 내는 형광체를 격벽면에 도포함.
◆ 모유리 (Pb-B-Si-Al-O)에 filler 및 안료(흑색 또는 백색)를 첨가.
◇ 인쇄법, 샌드블라스팅법, 에칭법, lift-off법, 감광성 페이스트법, 프레스법 등.
◇ 인쇄법: (인쇄-건조)를 10회~15회 정도반복한 후 최종적으로 소성함.
AC-PDP의 제조 공정 (하판 ② + 봉착 및 가스 주입)
상·하판 봉착
↑gas
가열 배기가스 주입tip-offAging
[완성]
torch
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center22 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 22
1-3. PDP 기체 방전(PDP gas discharge)
1. Plasma Display Panel 개론
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center23 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 23
원자의 여기 발광
He
바닥상태 들뜬상태( ~ ns) 이온화
E = hv = hλ/c
기 체 최저 여기 전압(V) 준안정 전압 여기 파장(V) 전리 전압(V)
He 21.2
16.5
11.6
9.98
8.45
19.8 58.4 24.6
Ne 16.62 74.4 21.6
Ar 11.55 107 15.8
Kr 9.91 124 14.0
Xe 8.32 147 12.1
Metastable(준안정원자 ~ ms)
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center24 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 24
Plasma Generation
1) Gases
기체공명전위
(eV)τγ
(nsec)준안정준위
(eV)τm
(sec)공명선
(nm)이온화에너지
(eV)
He
Ar
Kr
Xe
Hg
Ne
21.21
16.85
11.61
10.02
8.45
4.89
0.56
20.70
10.20
4.40
3.80
19.80
16.62
11.55
9.91
8.32
4.67
70.8
1.3
1
58.4
73.4
107.0
124.0
147.0
253.7
24.58
21.56
15.76
14.00
12.13
10.43
(6×105,2×10-2)
∗ Xe*(147nm), Xe+Xe*→Xe2* (173nm) (Excited Dimer Rad.)∗ Hg : Evaporation temp.(40°~140°) depends on pressure(10Torr~100Torr)
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center25 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 25
Elastic Collision &Inelastic Collision
Elastic Collision Cross Section
기체의 충돌
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center26 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 26
Impact Ionization Cross Section
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center27 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 27
방전의 발생
R V
Gas
N ~ N0exp(αD) : α = 충돌전리계수
자속방전
A
r
IiIi+J
J
I0A(Ii+J)
I0 = A(I1 + J)J = rA(I1 + J)I0 = [A/(1-rA)]xI1rA = rexp(αD) = 1
교류형 AC PDP
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center28 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 28
Secondary Electron Emission Coefficient (Υ)from MgO Protective Layer
i
e
IItCoefficienEmissionElectronSecondary =γ
⇐ Auger’s potential neutralizationmechanism for law ion energy Eicathode
+
Secondary electron
Ii
Ie=γIi
Ει
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center29 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 29
Einzel Lens
MFC(He,Ne,Ar,Xe Gas)
AcceleratedIon Beam
Thermal or Cold CathodeElectron Source
Heating Filament
Ionized region &Accelerated region
Anode
Source P/S Electric Field
MgOGlass
+100 ~ -100V
A
QuadrupoleDeflector Collector
Copper Pad (Electrode for Discharge)
Gamma-FIB (Focused Ion Beam) Device
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center30 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 30
lawbreakdownsPashenBpdApdVFinally
energyionizationwhereVBApand
d
eMwhereM
B
iBi
d
'
)11ln(ln
,
:)/exp(
)11ln(
11,1)1(
←
+
=
−=
+=⇒
+===−⇒
εεαγ
α
γγ α
Cathode (sustain) X Y anode (sustain/scan)
e 1 electron M electrons
d
Volume ionization(avalanches)
(M-1) ions
Secondaryelectronemissionfrom MgO layer
γ(M-1) electrons
PDP Plasma Breakdown and Self-sustaining Condition
γ
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center31 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 31
PaschenPaschen Breakdown Characteristics on Electrode gapBreakdown Characteristics on Electrode gap
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
Pressure(Torr)
Firin
g V
olta
ge(V
)
He+Ne+Xe 80μm 110μm 140μm The breakdown voltage
in the PDP cell increases as the electrode gap is increased for given operating gas pressure.
♦♦
AC-PDP’s Breakdown Voltage – Paschen’s Law
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center32 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 32
Paschen Paschen Breakdown Characteristics in Breakdown Characteristics in NeNe--Xe Xe and Heand He--NeNe--Xe Xe Mixture GasMixture Gas
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0200
240
280
320
360
400Frequency = 50 kHzElectrode Gap =80μm
He + Ne 27% + Xe 3%
Ne + Xe (10%)
Ne + Xe 7%
Ne + Xe 4%
Ne + Xe 2%
Ne + Xe 1%
Ne onlyFirin
g V
olta
ge [V
]
Pd [Torr-cm]
The minimum breakdown voltages
are found to be raised up as the Xe
gas mixing ratio to Ne is increased.
♦♦
AC-PDP’s Breakdown Voltage – Paschen’s Law
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center33 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 33
Experimental results for various gases @ 80 eV ion energy
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 260 .00
0 .02
0 .04
0 .06
0 .08
0 .10
0 .12
0 .14
E io=8 .43eV
H e(E i=24 .58eV )
N e(E i=21 .56eV )
A r(E i=15 .76eV )
N 2(E i=14 .54eV )X e(E i=12 .13eV )
γ
ion ized energy [eV ]
γ o f M gO s ing le crys ta l
80eV ion energy
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center34 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 34
1-4. PDP 플라스마 및 이의 특성
1. Plasma Display Panel 개론
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center35 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 35
Monochromator & SFICCD Camera Exp- setup
SFICCD Camera
(V - Tek)
Monochromator (Acton Research co.)
AC-PDP Electro-Optical Characteristics
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center36 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 36
400 500 600 700 800 9000
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
Ne 703.2nm
Xe 828nm
Xe 823.2nm
Ne 585nm red phosphor
green phosphorblue phosphor
Ne+Xe(4%)
Inte
nsity
(arb
.uni
ts)
Wavelength (nm)
140 145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180
70000
600Torr
400Torr
200Torr
Wavelength (nm)
Pres
sure
(Torr)
Inte
nsity
(arb
. uni
ts)
Spectral emission from PDP cells : VUV (147, 173nm), IR (823, 828nm)
IR (823, 828nm) Spectrum VUV (147, 173nm) Spectrum
- 49 -
AC-PDP Electro-Optical Characteristics
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center37 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 37
0 2 4 6 8 10
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
Ion
Den
sity
(x10
11cm
-3)
Xe Mixture Ratio (%)
f = 100 kHzp = 400 Torr
0 2 4 6 8 100.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
pressure = 400 Torrfrequency = 100 kHz
VU
V E
ffici
ency
(arb
.Uni
ts)
Xe Mixture Ratio (%)
Ion density VUV Efficiency
미소 방전 플라스마 이온 밀도와 VUV 147nm 효율과의 관계
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center38 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 38
Ion density and electron temperature across the gap distance (Y-axis) under He(70%)+Ne(26%)+Xe(4%) mixtures
120μm
50μm
50μm
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 1500
2
4
6
8
Distance(um)
Tem
pera
ture
(eV)
-6
0
6
12
18
24
30
Density( x10
11cm-3)
Temperature Density
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 1500
2
4
6
Distance(um)
Tem
pera
ture
(eV)
Temperature Density
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Density( x10
11cm-3)
Ion density and electron temperature across the gap distance (Y-axis) under Ne(96%)+Xe(4%) mixtures
GasIon density
(x1011 cm-3 )Te (eV)
Ternary gas 3.81 ~ 20 1.77 ~ 3.73
Binary gas 8.3 ~ 11.1 1.2 ~ 1.6
PDP 미소방전 플라스마 밀도 및 전자온도 측정 (3차원)
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center39 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 39
Xe 혼합비율에 따른 Xe 여기종 밀도측정 (823.1nm)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
0.0
3.0x10116.0x10119.0x10111.2x10121.5x10121.8x10122.1x10122.4x10122.7x10123.0x1012
Exc
ited
Xe
Ato
m D
ensi
ty [
cm-3]
Positon [um]
Ne-Xe (1%) Ne-Xe (4%) Ne-Xe (10%)
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center40 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 40
700 ns
750 ns
800 ns
900 ns
600 ns
Stripe Barrier rib Closed Barrier ribSustain
Electrode
ITO ITO
710 ns
Anode AnodeCathode Cathode
Spatiotemporal behavior of excited Xe(1s5) atoms density
1000 ns
1200 ns
1300 ns
1400 ns
1500 ns
1100 ns
1600 ns
1700 ns
1800 ns
1900 ns
2000 ns
1.28 x 1013 cm-3 1.45 x 1013 cm-3
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center41 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 41
2원/3원 혼합기체 조성비에 따른 VUV Efficiency
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
VUV
Effic
ienc
y (a
rb. U
nits
)
Xe mixture ratio (%)
400 Torr Ne-Xe (%) He(70%)-Ne-Xe (%)
VUV Efficiency versus XMF at 400 Torr
200 300 400 5000
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
The relative VUV efficiency has been obtained by dividing the sum of VUV intensities from 140 nm to 180 nm by the discharge power
VUV
Effic
ienc
y (a
rb. U
nits
)
Pressure (Torr)
Xe 15% Ne-Xe(%) He(70%)-Ne-Xe(%)
VUV Efficiency versus pressure at XMF 15%
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center42 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 42
Decay time of VUV versus gas pressure
The Decay time of VUV 147 nm of Ne-Xe The Decay time of VUV 173 nm of Ne-Xe
200 250 300 350 400 450 5001.51.61.71.81.92.02.12.22.32.42.52.62.7
Dec
ay ti
me
(μs)
Pressure (Torr)
4 % 7 % 10 % 15 %
200 250 300 350 400 450 5001.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
Dec
ay ti
me (μ
s)
Pressure (Torr)
4% 7% 10% 15%
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center43 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 43
2-1. PDP 구동 특징
2. Plasma Display Panel 구동 원리
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center44 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 44
Gray scale 표현
Frame
Frame
Frame
Oddfield
Evenfield
FrameSF-1
SF-3SF-2
SF-8
Movies(24 frames/sec)
•1 Frame ; 칼라 및 음영에 대한 완전한 정보를 수록한 1장의 사진•1 Frame = 16.7msec ( T=1/f )♦사람의 눈은 1/60초 사이에 눈으로 들어오는 光의 총량(적분치)을 일정한 변하지 않는 광량으로 인식.
TV(Interlace scan)(60 frames/sec = Odd + Even field)
Matrix Panel(8sub-field)(60 frames/sec)
Frame
Frame
256 계조 구현(28)
‘05 PDP winter school, C. W. Lee, Plasma lamp
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center45 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 45
Matrix Panel의 다중 구동(PDP)
신호전극전원 Vd
R
D1 D2 D3 D4
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
주사전극전원 Vs
• 방전의 임계(threshold) 값
Vf
Vs
방전 전류 I
방전
전압
V
Ex) Vf = 120 V, Vd, Vs=?
|Vd - Vs | ≥ Vf| Vd |, | Vs | < Vf
R=0Ω
700㏀
‘05 PDP winter school, C. W. Lee, Plasma lamp
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center46 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 46
임계값을 이용한 화상 표시
S1 -Vs0
S2 -Vs0
S3 -Vs0
S4 -Vs0
S5 -Vs0
D1Vd
0
D2Vd
0
D3Vd
0
D4Vd
0
t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 시간
1 Frame
다중 구동 전압 파형
신호전극전원 Vd
RD1 D2 D3 D4
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
주사전극전원 Vs
• Time duty ratio (m x n cells ; 1/n)- 1 Frame = 16.7 msec (1/60 ; t0 ~ t5)- 최대 휘도 = duty 1- 4 x 5 cells = duty 1/5- 640 x 480 = “ 1/480
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center47 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 47
Memory Type PDP
Refresh Type PDP
상
대
휘
도
1.0
0.1
0.01
0.0011 10 100 1000
구동 Line 수
☞ Brightness ∝ Current, Time
Brightness vs Current, Time
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center48 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 48
입력신호 변조구동회로
1H 메모리1 frame 메모리
Device예
구동법 점순차 선순차 전병렬 동시
구동의개요
1Frame당최대 발광시간 0.1us 60us 16.7ms
CRT 일반 매트릭스형 판넬 거대 화면 디스플레이
‘05 PDP winter school, C. W. Lee, Plasma lamp
☞ Display의 휘도는 주어진 pixel을 발광 시키는데 할당되는 pixel dwell time으로 결정.Pixel dwell time ; 한 frame time 중 주어진 pixel을 발광 시키는데 쓸 수 있는 시간으로 정의.Ex) m열 x n행의 정보용량을 갖는 display device에 있어서,
1) Pixel - at - a - time인 경우 → Pixel dwell time =frame time / (m x n)2) Pixel - at - line - time인 경우 → Pixel dwell time =frame time / n
Display의 일반적 구동 방법
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center49 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 49
구동의 기본적인 Sequence (AC-Type)
•준비동작 ; 각 Cell들의초기화및활성화기간•기입동작 ; Scan전극과 Addr.전극간의 data기입기간•유지동작 ; X-Y전극간교류펄스에의한유지방전기간
Fujitsu 42”
2.3㎲
7.0㎲
160V
-120V
-360V
130㎲
20㎲ 2.5㎲ 7㎲180V
0.8㎲
20㎲-356V
-160V
170V
-222V3.55㎲
-160V-122V
8.2㎲ 5.3㎲174V
Pioneer 50”
Matsushita 42”-207V
-125V
420V5㎲
187V
-200V
-270V2.2㎲
VY-VX-VA
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center50 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 50
Wall charge / wall voltage by a square voltage pulse
VfV appliedV wall
lightcurrent
2. Wall charge growing
+e
+
+
e
e+ e
+ e
+ e+ + ee
+ e+ e
1. Discharge initiation 3. Wall voltage set-up
+ e+ + ee+ e+ e
+e
1 2 3
VVcellcell = = VVappliedapplied ++VVwallwall
V
‘05 PDP winter school, J. J. Koz, FTLab
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center51 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 51
Memory Effect – Wall Charge Memory
+- ++ ---+
X-
+
Y
A
+-++
---+
X-
+
Y
A
+
-
++
--- +
X-
+
Y
A
+
-
++
-
-
-
+
X-
+
Y
A
Qw+- ++--- +
X+
Y
A
- + -+ + ---X
+Y
A
Qw
-+
X
A
Y
X
A
Y
X
A
Y
Selection by the discharge btw Y and A electrode
Memorization by the wall charge accumulated on the dielectric surface
Display by the discharge btw X and Y electrode
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 3
4
5 6
2
‘05 PDP winter school, J. J. Koz, FTLab
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center52 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 52
X
Y1
Y2
Y3Y4
Y5
Y6
A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
A1A2A3
A4
A5
Addressing Method
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center53 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 53
2-2. ADS 구동법
2. Plasma Display Panel 구동 원리
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center54 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 54
1 2 3 4
어드레스 전극
Y1
Y2
Y3
어드레스 기간 방전유지 기간
쓰기신호펄스
쓰기주사펄스
전면동시소등펄스
전면동시점등펄스
step
초기화 기간
Xn
ADS(Address Display Separation) 구동
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center55 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 55
Separating the address period and sustain period of each sub-field
SF1 SF2 SF3 SF4 SF5 SF6 SF7 SF8 Orig
inal Im
age
1.....2
480128T64T32T16T8T4T2T1T
1TV field (time)
scan
line
address
sustain
sub-field
8 Subfield in 1 TV-Field (ADS)
Color imaging
Courtesy of SAIT, Dr. S.-H. Son
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center56 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 56
8단계의 계조를 표시할 때 !
- 2진형태의 서브필드 구성
서브필드 시간의 길이를SF1의 경우 20=1SF2의 경우 21=2SF3의 경우 22=4 의 비율로 차등을두어 구성
Ex) 3 개의 서브필드 -> 8 계조 구현(23)8 개의 서브필드 -> 256 계조 구현(28)
계조표시 방식
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center57 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 57
Y1Y1
Y2Y2
Y3Y3
Y4Y4
Y5Y5
Y6Y6
Y7Y7
Y8Y8
11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88
Level 1Level 1
Level 3Level 3
Level 5Level 5
Level 7Level 7LevelLevel SF1SF1 SF2SF2 SF3SF311 onon offoff33 onon onon55 onon77 onon onon
offoffonononon
offoffoffoff
Ex) ‘A’ 를 4단계의 계조로 표현하고자 할 때,
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center58 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 58
Y1Y1
Y2Y2Y3Y3Y4Y4Y5Y5Y6Y6Y7Y7Y8Y8
A1A1A2A2
A3A3A4A4
A5A5A6A6
A7A7A8A8
X1X1
X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X5X6X6X7X7
X8X8
Y1Y1
Y2Y2Y3Y3Y4Y4Y5Y5Y6Y6Y7Y7Y8Y8
A1A1A2A2
A3A3A4A4
A5A5A6A6
A7A7A8A8
X1X1
X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X5X6X6X7X7
X8X8
Y1Y1
Y2Y2Y3Y3Y4Y4Y5Y5Y6Y6Y7Y7Y8Y8
A1A1A2A2
A3A3A4A4
A5A5A6A6
A7A7A8A8
X1X1
X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X5X6X6X7X7
X8X8
전화면
전화면
기입기입
전화면
전화면
소거소거
선순차
선순차
어드레스
어드레스
전화면
전화면
유지방전
유지방전
유지방전유지방전 22회회
SF1SF1
XXYY
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center59 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 59
Y1Y1
Y2Y2Y3Y3Y4Y4Y5Y5Y6Y6Y7Y7Y8Y8
A1A1A2A2
A3A3A4A4
A5A5A6A6
A7A7A8A8
X1X1
X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X5X6X6X7X7
X8X8
Y1Y1
Y2Y2Y3Y3Y4Y4Y5Y5Y6Y6Y7Y7Y8Y8
A1A1A2A2
A3A3A4A4
A5A5A6A6
A7A7A8A8
X1X1
X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X5X6X6X7X7
X8X8
A6A6
Y1Y1
Y2Y2Y3Y3Y4Y4Y5Y5Y6Y6Y7Y7Y8Y8
A1A1A2A2
A3A3A4A4
A5A5 A7A7A8A8
X1X1
X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X5X6X6X7X7
X8X8
전화면
전화면
기입기입
전화면
전화면
소거소거
선순차
선순차
어드레스
어드레스
전화면
전화면
유지방전
유지방전
유지방전유지방전 44회회
SF2SF2
YY XX
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center60 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 60
Y1Y1
Y2Y2Y3Y3Y4Y4Y5Y5Y6Y6Y7Y7Y8Y8
A1A1A2A2
A3A3A4A4
A5A5A6A6
A7A7A8A8
X1X1
X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X5X6X6X7X7
X8X8
Y1Y1
Y2Y2Y3Y3Y4Y4Y5Y5Y6Y6Y7Y7Y8Y8
A1A1A2A2
A3A3A4A4
A5A5A6A6
A7A7A8A8
X1X1
X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X5X6X6X7X7
X8X8
A2A2 A4A4 A6A6 A8A8
Y1Y1
Y2Y2Y3Y3Y4Y4Y5Y5Y6Y6Y7Y7Y8Y8
A1A1 A3A3 A5A5 A7A7
X1X1
X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X5X6X6X7X7
X8X8
전화면
전화면
기입기입
전화면
전화면
소거소거
선순차
선순차
어드레스
어드레스
전화면
전화면
유지방전
유지방전
유지방전유지방전 88회회
SF3SF3
YY XX
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center61 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 61
3. 성능 향상을 위한 PDP 기술 동향
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center62 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 62
Power dissipated(Normalized) 100W
UV emission 8W
UV reaching phosphor 4W
Visible emission by phosphor 160 lm (0.8W)
Useful visible light 80 lm (0.4W)
8% (discharge)
50% (geometrical effect)40 lm/watt( 20%)(photoluminescence)50% (geometrical effect)
Global Efficiency 0.8 lm/W (0.4%)
•• AfterAfter: H.: H.DoyeuxDoyeux(Thomson)(Thomson)
AC-PDP Model – Luminous Efficiency
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center63 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 63
PDP 중심 과제
항목 세부 목표
고효율화 5 lm/W(800 cd/m2, 250 W)
고화질화 고정세(1024 X 1024), 동화위 윤곽, image sticking
저가격화 /상품화 저가격화($ 40/inch), 장수명화(10년이상), 경량 박막화
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center64 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 64
Pioneer – T자형 전극 구조 및 Waffle 격벽
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center65 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 65
Cell Structure 변화에 따른 발광효율 향상
Deep Cell Pixel Structure (Pioneer)
형광체 도포 면적 증가
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center66 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 66
MgO Layer130μm
ElectrodeDielectric
Glass Electrode
Phosphor
100μm
70μm
Glass
1,080 μm
Most popular PDP structure !
AC-PDP Model – Fujitsu PDP
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center67 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 67
???
AC-PDP Model – New PDP Cell for 10 lm/W
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center68 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 68
Breakthrough
Fujitsu
3 El. Surface Discharge Type
ADS Driving
ALiS El. & Driving
Meander Rib
Panasonic
Fence Type El. St.Asymmetry Barrier
RibRamp ResetPlasma AI
T-Shape El.
Waffle type Barrier Rib
CLEAR
Pioneer
KOREA
Cell Structure ?
Driving Method
?
Efficiency
Unique !
Brightness !
Power consumption !
Kwangwoon Univ. Electrophysics/ PDP Research Center69 All contents remain the property of Displaybank and the author Kwangwoon Univ. / PDP research center 69
1. PDP is based on the gas discharge plasma characteristics.
2. Both PDP & LCD display are very important and essential for growing engines of Korea.
3. PDP & LCD will have the same or similar picture quality, efficiency in perfomancecharacteristics to each other now .
4. Price will be main key factor for consumers to select PDP or LCD in large sized flat TV over 40”.
요 약
HistoryWhat is a PDP?Operation & Research issues Plasma GenerationColor imagingBreakthrough