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PENNSYLVANIA’S ENVIRONMENTAL
MONITORING PROGRAM AROUND NUCLEAR
FACILITIES
Tonda Lewis
Radiation Protection Act (1984-147)
• Maintain comprehensive environmental radiation monitoring program around nuclear power plants and other locations throughout the Commonwealth
• Accomplish efficiently and effectively
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTIONBUREAU OF RADIATION
PROTECTION
Environmental Surveillance Section
Environmental Monitoring Program Includes
• Split and independent sampling around PA’s five nuclear power plants
• Sampling at decommissioning sites
• Background Sampling – non-source oriented
PA’s Nuclear Power Plants• Beaver Valley Power
Station• Limerick Generating
Station• Peach Bottom Atomic
Power Station• Susquehanna Steam
Electric Station• Three Mile Island
Nuclear Station
Within 15 mile radius of each facility
• 30 – 36 environmental dosimeters
• Majority within 5 miles• Changed quarterly• Many collocated with the
facilities’• Currently still operate our
own system but doing comparison study with a service
Within 5 miles of each facility• 4 air sampler units –
several collocated with each utility’s
• Continuously collecting air particulates and radioiodines
• Filters are analyzed weekly for gross activity and composited quarterly for gamma spec analysis
• Charcoal canisters are analyzed weekly by gamma spec for I-131
Water Sampling Upstream & Downstream of Discharge
• 2 – 3 Water samples • One is upstream
control• Monthly composites
collected by utility’s contractor and split with state
• Gross beta, H-3, gamma
Holtwood Dam – Peach Bottom sample source
Milk Collected At Area Farms • 2 Farms sampled monthly• One farm is chosen for
nearest proximity in most prevalent wind direction
• One farm chosen for least prevalent wind direction
• Samples are all collocated with utility’s collections
• Contractor splits with Peach Bottom, Susquehanna and Limerick
Flora, Fauna and Sediment
• Vegetation annually Leafy - for deposition Root crop - irrigation
• Fish - annual or biannual contractor split collections
• Sediment below discharge annually or biannual contractor split collections
TLDs
Sediment Vegetation
Milk Air
Fish
Beaver Valley Monitoring Sites
Sample Analysis - State’s Radiation Measurements Laboratory
Analytical Equipment• Alpha Beta Proportional
Counters (3 Autoquads 1 Single)
• 2 Liquid Scintillation Counters
• 8 Ludlum Scaler Alpha detectors
• 2 Quad Alpha Beta Proportional Counters
• 1 Uranium Analyzer U-A3
• 12 Alpha Spec detectors
• 10 Intrinsic Germanium detectors
• 1 XRF Spectrace 5000 for metal analysis
What Do We Do With Results
• Results are reviewed upon receipt• When anomalies are detected, utilities are
contacted• At the end of the year (sometimes quarterly)
data is exchanged with utility• Bureau publishes our own data in annual
report• Our data must be available to the public
Average Gross Beta on Air Particulate Filters
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.
x0.0
1pC
i/m3 State
Utility
Average gross beta on air particulate filters
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.
x0.0
1pC
i/m3 State
Utility
Environmental Tlds
4th quarter tld comparison
0.0
5.0
10.0
1 4 7
10
13
16
19
22
25
28
mR
/st.
mo
.
State
Utility
Exchange of Utility and State Water Analysis Results Uti
Reporting Period:3rd Quarter, 2001
Distance Licenseeand Collection Results Collection Results
Direction Date pCi/L Date pCi/L Agr8.7 miles NW 6/27/01 Gross Beta: 2 +/- 1 6/27/01 Gross Beta: 1.9 +/- 1.1 YAzimuth 308 to Tritium: < 190 to Tritium: < 143 Y
7/25/01 Mn-54: < 1 7/25/01 Mn-54: < 2.7 YFe-59: < 3 Fe-59: < 4.0 Y
Utility Location #Q9-1F Co-58: < 2 Co-58: < 2.7 YBRP Loc. # 15J1-01 Co-60: < 2 Co-60: < 1.0 Y
Zn-65: < 3 Zn-65: < 4.4 YZr-Nb-95: < 3/< 2 Zr-Nb-95: < 7.2/< 4.4 Y
I-131: < 3 I-131: < 0.3(1) YCs-134: < 1 Cs-134: < 2.0 YCs-137: < 2 Cs-137: < 2.4 Y
Ba-La-140: < 6/< 45 Ba-La-140: < 41.1/< 9.0 Y
Routine sampling around remediation sites
• Molycorp ( produced ferro-columbian alloy concentrating thorium): air sampler and tlds
• Quehanna (home to variety of research & manufacturing-reactor, SNAP generators using sr-90, currently co-60 irradiation of wood products): 5 air samplers and tlds
• Waltz Mills (Westinghouse site, home of failed 1960 test reactor): 2 air samplers
Assist with Non- routine sampling at other projects
• Safety Light in Bloomsburg PA
• Babcock & Wilcox in Parks Township PA
• Molycorp in York PA
Background Monitoring
• PMN: PA Milk Network
Processed milk - 4 cities
• Water Quality Network
Surface water from 11 sites
• Philadelphia Drinking
Water – 3 treatment plants
• Harrisburg Precipitation • Rooftop Air monitor
Environmental Monitoring Sites Around PA Nuclear Facilities
Department of Environmental Protection
• Bureau of Radiation Protection
• Environmental Surveillance Section