PEREVALA OLGA

Grammar has held & continues Grammar has held & continues to hold a central place in to hold a central place in

language teaching. It should language teaching. It should be integrated into be integrated into

communicative activities.communicative activities.They draw upon the personal They draw upon the personal feelings and motivation of the feelings and motivation of the

students in order to elicit students in order to elicit utterances in English that utterances in English that

approach genuine approach genuine communication.communication.

It should be better :It should be better :

to present new grammar structures in to present new grammar structures in illustrative communicative situations;illustrative communicative situations;

pay attention not only to the form of grammar pay attention not only to the form of grammar structure but to the meaning & training of the structure but to the meaning & training of the given material in every day life;given material in every day life;

students should be aware of the function of students should be aware of the function of new grammar item.new grammar item.

Teaching Communicative Teaching Communicative Grammar is based on such Grammar is based on such aspects :aspects :

Situational content StructuralFunctional

Grammar is unseparately Grammar is unseparately connected with using of connected with using of language in daily life and language in daily life and developing speaking developing speaking skillsskills

Teaching Indefinite Tenses Teaching Indefinite Tenses at the elementary level such at the elementary level such situations may be used:situations may be used:

Tell us what you usually do at home to Tell us what you usually do at home to help your family with chores;help your family with chores;

Tell us what you’ll do at the weekends to Tell us what you’ll do at the weekends to help your family clean the house;help your family clean the house;

Tell us what you planned to do Tell us what you planned to do yesterday, but failed.( I didn’t…) yesterday, but failed.( I didn’t…)

Ask your friend what he/she will do next Ask your friend what he/she will do next week;week;

Explaining Continuous Explaining Continuous Tenses the following Tenses the following situations may be helpful:situations may be helpful: You have come back from school & your You have come back from school & your

brother is at home too. Your mother is still at brother is at home too. Your mother is still at work .She is calling you because she wants to work .She is calling you because she wants to know what everyone is doing at the moment. know what everyone is doing at the moment. You let her know what you & your members of You let her know what you & your members of the family are doing;the family are doing;

E.g. Tania is riding her bicycle in the yard.E.g. Tania is riding her bicycle in the yard.

Roman is playing the piano. Granny is cooking Roman is playing the piano. Granny is cooking dinner.dinner.

Someone was playing ball outside & Someone was playing ball outside & broke your neighbour’s window. broke your neighbour’s window. Your neighbour suspects you of Your neighbour suspects you of having done this. He comes over & having done this. He comes over & starts accusing you of it.You try to starts accusing you of it.You try to defend yourself & your sister giving defend yourself & your sister giving your reasons. your reasons.

E.g. I simply can’t have done it. I E.g. I simply can’t have done it. I was staying inside listening to music was staying inside listening to music all the time. My sister was doing her all the time. My sister was doing her homeworkhomework..

ILLUSTRATIVE SITUATIONILLUSTRATIVE SITUATION

It’s autumn.It is late October. The It’s autumn.It is late October. The weather is bad. It weather is bad. It isis rain raininging heavily. heavily. People People areare hurry hurryinging along the street. A along the street. A young man young man isis stand standinging at a bus stop & at a bus stop & waitwaitinging. People . People areare look lookinging at him with at him with surprise. Whom surprise. Whom isis he wait he waitinging for ? He for ? He has a bunch of red roses in his hand. has a bunch of red roses in his hand. He is cold. His hands are cold. He He is cold. His hands are cold. He is is waitwaitinging but she but she isis not com not cominging. .

Answer the following questions Answer the following questions & discuss in groups:& discuss in groups:

Is the young man waiting for a bus?Is the young man waiting for a bus?

Whom is he waiting for?Whom is he waiting for?

Why is he standing at a bus stop?Why is he standing at a bus stop?

No speaking is possible without the No speaking is possible without the knowledge of grammar, without the knowledge of grammar, without the forming of a grammar mechanism.forming of a grammar mechanism.

If a learner has acquired such a If a learner has acquired such a mechanism, he can produce correct mechanism, he can produce correct sentences in a foreign language.sentences in a foreign language.

Grammar should be well Grammar should be well explained.explained.

Grammar schemes & Grammar schemes & illustrative presentations illustrative presentations are of great help in are of great help in presenting new grammar presenting new grammar materialmaterial

A picture is worth a thousand wordsA picture is worth a thousand words

Present Continuous Tense

AMIS

ARE

VING+

PLURAL

NOUN Number

- (e)s [s] [z] [iz]

A catCats [s]

A tiger Tigers [z]

A photo

Photos [ z ]

A box Boxes [ iz]

It’s much easier to learn It’s much easier to learn Grammar :Grammar : Through verses & songs;Through verses & songs; Through proverbs & sayings;Through proverbs & sayings; Through grammar games;Through grammar games; Through different types of Through different types of

exercisesexercises

“ “ What What are are they dothey doing?”ing?”

Mom Mom isis mend mendinging a pocket. a pocket. Dad Dad is is readreadinging the press. the press. Bob Bob isis mak makinging a rocket. a rocket. The flat The flat isis in the mess. in the mess. Mom Mom isis cook cookinging dinner, dinner, Dad Dad isis play playinging chess. chess. Bob Bob isis fight fightinging with Nina, with Nina, The parents have a stressThe parents have a stress. .

Poem :

“Are you sleeping, Brother James ?”

Are you sleeping , are you sleeping ,

Brother James ?

Morning bells are ringing,

Morning bells are ringing.

Ding, dong, ding.

Ding, dong, ding.

Song :

Memorize the following proverbs & Memorize the following proverbs & sayings paying attention to the use of sayings paying attention to the use of the Present Continuous Tense.the Present Continuous Tense.

Know where one Know where one is is gogoinging.. One’s left hand does not know what One’s left hand does not know what

one’s right hand one’s right hand isis do doinging.. Don’t cut the bough you Don’t cut the bough you areare stand standing ing on.on. Fiddle while Rome Fiddle while Rome isis burn burninging.. The tortoise wins the race while the hare The tortoise wins the race while the hare

isis sleep sleepinging. .

Grammar Game “ Grammar Game “ Make-BelieveMake-Believe ”” Teacher:Teacher: Good morning, children ! The bell has Good morning, children ! The bell has

gone. The lesson has begun. You are sitting. gone. The lesson has begun. You are sitting. I’m standing because I want to see you better. I’m standing because I want to see you better. Now I’ll write the date. Oh, I’m tired. I’d better Now I’ll write the date. Oh, I’m tired. I’d better go to the country & go for a walk. The weather go to the country & go for a walk. The weather is fine, the birds are singing. What am I doing ? is fine, the birds are singing. What am I doing ? Quite right, I’m listening to the birds. Oh, look, Quite right, I’m listening to the birds. Oh, look, how many flowers there are in the field. I’m how many flowers there are in the field. I’m fond of flowers. What am I doing now ? Yes, fond of flowers. What am I doing now ? Yes, I’m picking flowers. Lena, help me, there are so I’m picking flowers. Lena, help me, there are so many flowers. What is Lena going ? many flowers. What is Lena going ?

Student 1:Student 1: She is picking flowers. She is picking flowers.Student 2:Student 2: She is helping you. She is helping you.

You may continue this game between two You may continue this game between two teams. The first team is “ artists”, another teams. The first team is “ artists”, another team is ”spectators”. team is ”spectators”. The task is given:The task is given:

“ “ Make – believe that you are chopping Make – believe that you are chopping wood “.wood “.

The first one performs actions, the second The first one performs actions, the second team comments them.team comments them.

Make up the guestions Make up the guestions for quiz :for quiz :

Question Question BluesBlues

At first let’s repeat question words by means of

What, What, where, where, why, when, why, when, who, how, who, how, whosewhose..

How many, How many, which, how which, how much, how much, how longlong

It helps if It helps if you sing this you sing this little song.little song.

I think I’ve I think I’ve got the got the Question Question Blues.Blues.

Special QuestionsSpecial Questions

WhereWhere

WhichWhich

WhatWhat

isare

the……est

there?

Adjective

Degrees of Comparison

-er-est

-more-most

Which / high / waterfall / Which / high / waterfall / world?world?

a) Angel Falls (Venezuela)a) Angel Falls (Venezuela)

b) Victoria Falls ( Zimbabwe)b) Victoria Falls ( Zimbabwe)

c) Niagara Falls (USA/Canada)c) Niagara Falls (USA/Canada)

a) Angel Falls b) Victoria Falls c) Niagara Falls

a) America b) Africa c) Asiaa) America b) Africa c) Asia

Which /large/ continent / Which /large/ continent / world?world?

Which /far/ planet /from Which /far/ planet /from the sun?the sun?

a) Neptune b) Pluto c) Uranusa) Neptune b) Pluto c) Uranus

Which / deep / ocean / Which / deep / ocean / world?world?

a) Pacific b) Atlantic c) Indiana) Pacific b) Atlantic c) Indian

Where / the Eiffel Tower?a) in London b) in Paris c) in New Yorka) in London b) in Paris c) in New York

Where / the Statue of Liberty?Where / the Statue of Liberty?a) in Washington b) in New York c) in Londona) in Washington b) in New York c) in London

a) five b) four c) sixa) five b) four c) six

How many / continents/ there How many / continents/ there are/ world?are/ world?

What / the capital of Italy?What / the capital of Italy?a) Madrid b) Cairo c) Romea) Madrid b) Cairo c) Rome

Professional Materials Professional Materials from :from :

English Teaching “ Forum”, Volume English Teaching “ Forum”, Volume 43,43,№№,2005;,2005;

English Grammar in proverbs & sayings, L.M. English Grammar in proverbs & sayings, L.M.

Myedvyedyeva , 1990;Myedvyedyeva , 1990; English, January 2004;English, January 2004; Teaching Communicative Grammar ( the Teaching Communicative Grammar ( the

article by Moiseyenko N.B.);article by Moiseyenko N.B.); Students’ book, 6-th form ,O.KarpyukStudents’ book, 6-th form ,O.Karpyuk