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According to attaching
region difference, the
peritoneum is divided into
the parietal peritoneum
and the visceral
peritoneum
Chapter 6 The Peritoneum
The peritoneum is situated in the abdominal cavity
and partly also in the pelvic cavity.
The parietal and visceral
layers of the peritoneum are in
actual contact; the potential
space between them is the
peritoneal cavity containing
nothing but a little lubricating
fluid.
The peritoneum, especially
the parietal peritoneum, has an
absorptive capacity.
Such as stomach, jejunu
m, ileum, cecum, vermifor
m appendix, transverse col
on, sigmoid colon, spleen, o
varies, uterine tubes and so
on.
I .The Relationship between Viscera and Peritoneum
The Intraperitoneal Viscera
The Interperitoneal Viscera
Liver, gallbladder, full urina
ry bladder, uterus, ascending a
nd descending colon are the or
gans of this group.
The Retroperitoneal Viscera
Such as the kidneys, ureters,
suprarenal glands, pancreas.
II. The Peritoneal Reflections
the mesentery
the transverse mesocolon
ligaments or folds
omenta
I) The Omentum and relative structures
1.The lesser omentum
It includes the hepatogastric ligament and the hep
atoduodenal ligament.
The two layers of the hepatoduodenal liga
ment enclose the proper hepatic artery, hepat
ic portal vein and common bile duct, a few ly
mph nodes and lymph vessels, and the hepati
c plexus of nerves.
2.The greater omentum
3.The Omental Bursa and The Omental (Epiploic) Foramen (foramen of Winslow)
3.The Omental Bursa and The Omental (Epiploic) Foramen (foramen of Winslow)
II. The mesenteries and mesocolons
1. The mesentery of the small intestine
a broad, fan-shaped
fold of peritoneum
the radix (root)
of mesentery
2.The mesoappendix
3.The transverse mesocolon
4.The sigmoid mesocolon
III.The Ligaments
1.The ligaments of the liver
2. The ligaments of the spleen
splenorenal lig.; gastrosplenic lig.
3.The ligaments of the stomach: gastrohepatic lig.; gas
trocolic lig., gastrosplenic lig.
IV .The Peritoneal Recesses
The hepatorenal recess is the lowest part in the
peritoneal cavity when the body lies supine, and sit
uated between the right lobe of the liver and the ri
ght kidney.
In the male, the rectovesical pouch is the lowes
t portion of the peritoneal cavity when standing u
p.
In the female, the rectouterine pouch is the low
est portion in the peritoneal cavity when standing
up.
the rectouterine pouch
the vesicouterine pouch
Review
1. What are the relationship between viscera and peritoneum? Please write down three examples separately.
2. What is the composition of the lesser omentum.
3. What is the main content of the hepatogastric ligament?
4. Where is the lowest portion of the peritoneal cavity when standing up and supine position in male and in female?