Perspective on previous TCP activities (1983- present)H. B. Singh, NASA Ames Research Center

GOAL: Measure, understand, and model composition & chemistry of the global troposphere with emphasis on:– Detailed characterization of atmospheric composition & its

perturbations from man-made & biospheric emissions

– Ozone pollution

– Oxidation capacity of the atmosphere

– Biogeochemical cycles (C, N, S)

– Radiative properties of gases and aerosols

APPROACH: – Develop measurement capabilities & platforms

– Acquire observational data via field campaigns

VOCs, NOx

NOx

NMVOCs

CONTINENT≈≈≈≈≈≈≈≈≈

Boundary layer

Free Troposphere

CONTINENT

Atmospheric chemistry & climate (O3 is primary constituent of smog, O3 and CH4 are most important GHGs after CO2)

OH HO2

VOC, CH4, CO, NOx

NONO2

h O3

O3

Hemispheric Pollution

Direct Intercontinental Transport

greenhouse gases

air pollution (smog)

Oxidation capacity

hO3 surface trend1974-2002: 0.3 ppb/year

Aerosol/radiationO3

TCP Platforms & Coordination

Inter-comparisons

Coordinated science flights

Sharing of forecasts & data

Joint publications

NASA DC-8 NSF C-130

NASA J-31

UW Duchess

DLR Falcon

NASA Be-200

Canadian Cessna

DOE-G1

Global/regional models

SurfaceHigh temporal resolutionLimited spatial resolution

AirborneDetailed speciation/processes

Limited in time and space

SatelliteGlobal coverageLimited detail

Emissions, MeteorologyChem/Phys processes

INTEGRATED ATMOSPHERIC STUDIES

Science/Decision Support/Policy

(From stand alone to multi-partner & multinational experiments)

DC-8, J-31 & B-200 INTEX-B Payload

Mission Mgr. Console

Navigation

EQUIPMENT RACK

PROBE

ICATS

DIAL

AROTAL

LASER SYSTEM

DACOM/DLHPOP

SAFS

UNH

DCALS

UCI

PANAK

UH/LIA

ATHOSNO

GT-LIFTD-LIF

GTCIMS

PAN/OVOC

Aerosols

HOx, NO

NO, NO2NO2

SO2, HNO4 Strat O3 Lidar

PeroxidesHCHO Actinic

flux

CO/CH4

H2O

HNO3, Aero.Comp.,Hg?

O3

CO2

H2O

Trop O3/AerosolLidarNMHC

Halocarbons

HCHOSAFS

SINGH

COHENHUEY MCGEE

HEIKES

SHETTER

ANDERSONCLARKE

DIBBAVERYVAYBARRICK

FRIEDBROWELL

BLAKE

BRUNE, HUEY

DISKINSACHSEPODOLSKE

FASTOZMACDONNAPDS

TAN

J-31: Sun photometer, Solar Flux Radiometer, Cloud Absorption Radiometer, Scanning Polarimeter; B-200: HSRLidar, HySPAR, LAABS, Nadir digital camera

Model Forecasts for Flight Planning

MET dataTrajectoriesConvective influencesFires

AIRS- COMOPITT- COMODIS- AerosolSCIA- NO2GOES- clouds

GEOS-Chem (Harvard)MOZART (NCAR)RAQMS (Langley)STEM (U. Iowa)PNL (Milagro)

SAT Tracks

Model Forecasts

TCP Field Campaigns

• CITE-series & DICE/Electra, CV-990 & DC-8 (1983, 1986, 1989, 2003) : Instrument inter-comparisons & tests

• ABLE-series/Electra (1984, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1990): Biospheric-atmospheric exchange over the Amazon rain forest & subarctic

• TRACE-A/DC-8 (1992): African fires and pollution in the South Atlantic

• PEM-series & TRACE-P/DC-8 & P-3 (1991, 1994, 1996, 1999, 2001): Exploring composition of the Pacific troposphere & perturbations due to Asian pollution transport

• SONEX/DC-8/Falcon (1997): Impact of aircraft emissions & convection in the UT/LS

• INTEX-NA (A & B)/DC-8, B-200, J-31 & partner A/C (2004, 2006): Intercontinental transport of pollution to and from North America and its impact on air quality & climate

• ARCTAS DC-8/B-200, J-31 & partner A/C (2008?): Arctic Air pollution

INTEX-NA/ICARTT/MILAGRO Flight Tracks

NASA DC-8

NOAA P3

UK BAe146

DLR Falcon

Hawaii

Houston

Anchorage

INTEX-A/ICARTT

INTEX-B/MILAGRO

Seattle

Veracruz C-130C-130+J-31+B-200

O3 Trop residual/OMI

Terra Aqua Envisat

INTEX-NA Targeted Satellite Validation Activities(CO, O3, HCHO, NO2, HNO3, H2O, HCN, Aerosol)

Aura

Aura/ others

DC-8 C-130

3/4 3/9 3/12 3/16 3/19 3/21 4/17 4/23 4/25 4/26 4/30 5/4 5/7 5/9 5/12 4/24 4/28 5/1 5/3 5/8 5/11

TES* • • • • • • • • • • • • • OMI • • • • • • • • • • • • • HIRDLS# • • MLS • • Others** • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • * TES validation for Nadir & Limb measurements over land and water # Night flights required for HIRDLS validation ** Mainly AIRS, SCIAMACHY, and MODIS

INTEX-A

INTEX-A

INTEX-B

AIRBORNE ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY MISSIONS (1983-2006)

SONEX/POLINAT

INTEX-B

TCP

Platform & partner evolution