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Perspective, Proportion, Perspective, Proportion, Composition and some Drawing Composition and some Drawing
TechniquesTechniques
We discuss some basic ideas in We discuss some basic ideas in (realistic) art and photography(realistic) art and photography
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PerspectivePerspective Objects farther Objects farther
away are away are smallersmaller
Objects closer Objects closer are largerare larger
ProportionProportion
It is a relative conceptIt is a relative concept Example – one part of the body has a Example – one part of the body has a
size in relation to another partsize in relation to another part
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TIP
Draw a grid orLine – to help youKeep proportions
Human Body ProportionHuman Body Proportion
A human's reach (spread out arms) is A human's reach (spread out arms) is equal to his/her height.equal to his/her height.
Height is approximately eight times Height is approximately eight times the length of the head.the length of the head.
The width of the shoulders is The width of the shoulders is approximately one fourth of height.approximately one fourth of height.
The distance from the ground to the The distance from the ground to the top of the femur (hip) is approximately top of the femur (hip) is approximately half of his /her height. half of his /her height.
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Perfect Proportions ?Perfect Proportions ?
Da Vinci’s based Da Vinci’s based on the natural on the natural proportions of proportions of the human the human body.body.
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Your own sense of ProportionYour own sense of Proportion
Don’t forget you can use Don’t forget you can use creativity creativity
Michelangelo's figure has Michelangelo's figure has longer than usual legs longer than usual legs and stands 9 heads high.and stands 9 heads high.
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Your own sense of ProportionYour own sense of Proportion
Alberto Giacometti 's Alberto Giacometti 's figure stands 12 heads figure stands 12 heads high.high.
Not reality –but what do Not reality –but what do you feel?you feel?
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CompositionComposition
Principles of CompositionPrinciples of Composition• Break up the picture planeBreak up the picture plane• Be aware of the figure's placement in relation to the center, Be aware of the figure's placement in relation to the center,
margins and other elements in the picturemargins and other elements in the picture• Overlapping forms = energy and movementOverlapping forms = energy and movement• Segregated forms = drift, isolation, stasisSegregated forms = drift, isolation, stasis• Negative / Empty Space = can be just as importantNegative / Empty Space = can be just as important 88
The whole arrangement of my picture is expressive. The place occupied by the figure or objects, the empty spaces around them, the proportions–everything plays a part." – Henri Matisse
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Form - motionForm - motion Stager objects Stager objects
around to draw around to draw the eye across the eye across – produces – produces motionmotion
Do so and Do so and change size change size and can and can influence influence directiondirection
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Form - motionForm - motion Did you follow Did you follow
the arrow with the arrow with your eyes in your eyes in the slide the slide before?before?
BackgroundBackground
Don’t forget to decide about your Don’t forget to decide about your backgroundbackground
It can run the gamut from simple to It can run the gamut from simple to complex (becoming the subject)complex (becoming the subject)
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ShadowsShadows
A way to add 3D to your art is not only A way to add 3D to your art is not only through perspective but shading or through perspective but shading or shadowsshadows
Color and Temperatures / Color and Temperatures / FeelingsFeelings
Warm colorsWarm colors are those that have are those that have Reds, Yellows and Oranges. Warm Reds, Yellows and Oranges. Warm colors seem to advance (or come colors seem to advance (or come forward) in an artwork.forward) in an artwork.
Cool colorsCool colors are those that have Blues, are those that have Blues, Greens and Violets. Cool colors seem Greens and Violets. Cool colors seem to recede (or go back into) an to recede (or go back into) an artwork.artwork.
TextureTexture
TextureTexture is the way the surface of an is the way the surface of an object actually feels or how it looks. object actually feels or how it looks.
Tactile (or Real) TextureTactile (or Real) Texture
Tactile (or Real) TextureTactile (or Real) Texture is the is the way the surface of an object way the surface of an object actually feels. Examples would be actually feels. Examples would be sandpaper, cotton balls, tree bark, sandpaper, cotton balls, tree bark, puppy fur, etc.puppy fur, etc.
PROJECTSPROJECTS
We are going to do some drawing We are going to do some drawing with both oil pastels and water color with both oil pastels and water color pencilspencils
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PROJECT 1: Computer Line PROJECT 1: Computer Line DrawingsDrawings
One project you One project you will do is to will do is to produce a produce a stylized stylized drawing with drawing with lines on the lines on the computercomputer
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LineLine
A line is a path that a point takes A line is a path that a point takes through space. Lines can be thick, through space. Lines can be thick, thin, dotted or solid. They can thin, dotted or solid. They can make straight movements, zig-make straight movements, zig-zags, waves or curls. zags, waves or curls.
They may be horizontalThey may be horizontal
verticalvertical
diagonaldiagonal
Horizontal LinesHorizontal LinesCan be restful, like the horizon, Can be restful, like the horizon,
where the sky meets landwhere the sky meets land
Vertical LinesVertical Lines
Can seem to be reaching, so they may Can seem to be reaching, so they may seem inspirational like tall majestic seem inspirational like tall majestic trees or church steeplestrees or church steeples
Diagonal LinesDiagonal Lines
Motion , feeling –disturbing? They Motion , feeling –disturbing? They suggest decay or chaos like suggest decay or chaos like lightening or falling trees lightening or falling trees
Lines - curvesLines - curves can convey emotion. They may show can convey emotion. They may show
excitement, anger, calmness, tension, excitement, anger, calmness, tension, happiness and many other feelings. Because happiness and many other feelings. Because of this, some are said to be expressive. of this, some are said to be expressive.
How do you feel?How do you feel?
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PROJECT 2 & 3: Drawing in 2 PROJECT 2 & 3: Drawing in 2 mediumsmediums
You will produce 2 other items – one You will produce 2 other items – one a drawing with a drawing with oil pastelsoil pastels and and another with watercolor another with watercolor pencilspencils..
When drawing with pencils we talk When drawing with pencils we talk about shading and textureabout shading and texture
You will do a nature drawing for oneYou will do a nature drawing for one2424
Landscapes – how to think about Landscapes – how to think about themthem
background background
middle middle
foreground foreground
Generally, the Generally, the backgroundbackground area is considered to be the upper 1/3 of the picture area is considered to be the upper 1/3 of the picture plane. The plane. The middle groundmiddle ground area is considered to be the middle 1/3 of the area is considered to be the middle 1/3 of the picture plane. The picture plane. The foreground foreground area is considered to be the lower 1/3 of the area is considered to be the lower 1/3 of the picture plane.picture plane.
Shallow spaceShallow space
is used when the artist has objects is used when the artist has objects very close to the viewer.very close to the viewer.
Deep SpaceDeep Space
objects up objects up
close but close but
objects areobjects are
shown far shown far
away away
too.too.
Drawing – Shading and TextureDrawing – Shading and Texture
Cross hatchingCross hatching
Here are someHere are someways to do ways to do
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