PetrologySpring 2012

Please grab a syllabus

Introductions

Instructor: Dr Jasper Konter

Office: GEOL 404a

Office hours: TBA, or by appointment

Phone: x5507

Email: jgkonter@utep.edu *

*Note: Email is the best way to contact me and should provide the most timely response

Course DetailsWhen: MW 8.30-9.20 amWhere: GEOL. 320Course Ref. Number: 23432Prerequisites: At least an introductory Geology classLaboratory: The required lab sections of this class are scheduled for M 9.30-12.20

W 11.30-2.20 or 2.30-5.30 Monday 3.00-5.50 will be canceled

UTEP requires ~10 per lab, so one of the Wed labs will be canceled

TA: Valerie Finlayson, Lauren Storm

Field: see lab schedule…Bring boots, notebook, handlens, hat, etc

Course TopicsTopics for the course:-Placing rocks in tectonic/planetary context-Making igneous rocks-Magmas-Stable minerals and assemblages-Chemical petrology (geochemistry)-Making metamorphic rocks-Metamorphic textures-Metamorphic reactions

Course textbook

Title: Principles of Igneous and

Metamorphic Petrology

Authors: John Winter

Publisher: 2010 edition (2001).

ISBN 0321592573

How will we use it?

• Backup reference to lecture material

(assigned reading)

• Preparation for midterm

NOTE: there may also be some scientific journal

articles as part of the reading material

Course Website

• Website address: http://www.geo.utep.edu/pub/jasper/petrology

• What will be on it:

• Course syllabus & information

• Lecture schedule & assigned reading

• Lecture “ blank notes”

• Lab report due dates

• Movies/animations shown in class

• Class updates/announcements

Blank Notes

• Available at course website (by noon at the latest)

• Contain slide images only (no text)

• Sometimes lengthy text notes will be provided

= notes provided

Attendance & Etiquette

• No official attendance taken, but…….

• Some lecture material not in textbook

• Question of the day

• Class etiquette:

• CELL PHONES OFF

• Please arrive on time (8.30 am) = I will end class on time

• Ask questions!

Grading Policy

• Course components: Question of the Day 7%

Mid-Term Exam 1 20% Mid-Term Exam 2 20% Final Exam 20%

Laboratory 33%

• Letter grade breakdown: A = 90%+; B = 80 – 89%; C = 70 – 79%; D = 60 – 69%; F = < 60

Question of the day

• We will set up a schedule where one student will pose a question to the class about one of the main topics from the last lecture. Rest of the class will turn in their answer, after which the student asking the question will explain the answer

• Correct answer = 1 point; Incorrect answer = 0 points

• Questions will count 7% toward your total grade

• EXTRA CREDIT: By answering all Qs correctly over the entire semester, you can earn up to 3% extra credit

Homework• Regular homework will NOT be assigned, HOWEVER:

• Reports on the labs will have to be turned in for a grade

• NO late reports will be accepted…

• Format: Type it or write neatly, and use proper grammar & punc.

• Working together: Encouraged, however you must turn in your own assignment, using your own words. Any student who fails to follow this rule will receive zero credit for the question, and if the offense is severe, for the assignment.

• Free lab pass: Your lowest lab score will be dropped assuming you turn them all in. If you miss a lab for any reason, that counts as a “0” and that will be the lab that is dropped.

Exams• Two midterm exams• Final

• Make-up/early midterm: • Will not be given except for an excused illness

(doctor’s note required) or family emergency • Anyone with conflicts due to extracurricular

activities must provide at least 2 weeks notice with appropriate signed paperwork

Make-up exam will be substantially more difficult than the exam given to the rest of the class.

• Special Needs? Contact Disabled Student Services

Tentative schedule

Questions ?

Rocks of all kinds atSurface (aka rock cycle)

Weathering – gain H2O here

Erosion

Deposition

CementationSedimentaryRocks

Deeper Burial

Metamorphic Rocks

High pressures and Temp

Melting

IgneousRocks

Volcanism

H2Oloss

Petrology studies rocks and their formation

Magma

Plutonic Rock

Volcanic RockLava

Near or onEarth’s SurfaceCools quickly

Crystallizes atDepth. CoolsslowlyDeep

Shallow

Igneous rocks and their formation

DIFFERENT CONDITIONS AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES

The Earth’s Interior: The Earth’s Interior: where the rocks are madewhere the rocks are made

Crust:Crust:Oceanic crustOceanic crust

Thin: 10 kmThin: 10 km

Relatively uniform stratigraphy = ophiolite suite: Relatively uniform stratigraphy = ophiolite suite: SedimentsSediments pillow basaltpillow basalt sheeted dikessheeted dikes more massive gabbromore massive gabbro ultramafic (mantle)ultramafic (mantle)

Continental CrustContinental CrustThicker: 20-90 km average ~35 kmThicker: 20-90 km average ~35 km

Highly variable compositionHighly variable composition Average ~ granodioriteAverage ~ granodiorite

The Earth’s InteriorThe Earth’s Interior

Mantle:Mantle:Peridotite (ultramafic)Peridotite (ultramafic)

6370

5145

2898

660

410

60220

Crust

MantleMantle

CoreCore

Upper MantleTransition Zone

Inner Core

Depth (km)

LowerMantle

(solid)

OuterCore(liquid)

Upper to 410 km (olivine Upper to 410 km (olivine spinel) spinel) Low Velocity Layer 60-220 kmLow Velocity Layer 60-220 km

Transition Zone as vel. incr. ~ rapidlyTransition Zone as vel. incr. ~ rapidly 660 spinel 660 spinel perovskite-type perovskite-type

SiSiIVIV Si SiVIVI

Lower Mantle has more gradual Lower Mantle has more gradual velocity increasevelocity increase

The Earth’s InteriorThe Earth’s Interior

Core: Core: Fe-Ni metallic alloyFe-Ni metallic alloy

6370

5145

2898

660

410

60220

Crust

MantleMantle

CoreCore

Upper MantleTransition Zone

Inner Core

Depth (km)

LowerMantle

(solid)

OuterCore(liquid)

Outer Core is liquidOuter Core is liquid No S-wavesNo S-waves

Inner Core is solidInner Core is solid

Crust

Mantle

OuterCore

Velocity (km/sec)

0 5 10

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Depth (km)

S waves

P waves

InnerCore

Lithosphere

Astheno-sphere

Solid

Liquid

Meso-sphere

S waves

O50.7%

Mg15.3%

Fe15.2%

Si14.4%

S3.0%

Al1.4%

Ca1.0%