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Presented by:Farda Naila Salsabila
English Student Community (ESC)FITK IAIN Walisongo Semarang
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Three factors for the description of English vowels
I. The height of the body of the tongue highest point of tongue
(vertical axis);
II. The front-back position of the tongue highest point of
tongue (horizontal axis);
III. The degree of lip rounding - lip posture
Three factors for the description of English vowels
I. The height of the body of the tongue highest point of tongue
(vertical axis);
II. The front-back position of the tongue highest point of
tongue (horizontal axis);
III. The degree of lip rounding - lip posture
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The height of the body of the tongueThe height of the body of
the tongue
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English is a stress timed languageThe English language is often
referred to as stress-timed. Stress in a spoken sentence occurs at
regularintervals and the time to say something depends on thenumber
of stressed syllables rather than the number ofsyllables
itself.
1 2 3 4 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 1 and a 2 and a 3 and a 4 1 and then
a 2 and then a 3 and then a 4
English is a stress timed languageThe English language is often
referred to as stress-timed. Stress in a spoken sentence occurs at
regularintervals and the time to say something depends on thenumber
of stressed syllables rather than the number ofsyllables
itself.
1 2 3 4 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 1 and a 2 and a 3 and a 4 1 and then
a 2 and then a 3 and then a 4
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A word stress means a prominent syllable
word pattern
tea.cher .tea.cher .
beau.ti.ful . .
un.der.stand . .
con.ti.nue . .
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When a syllable is stressed, it is pronounced
longer in durationhigher in pitch louder in volume
When a syllable is stressed, it is pronounced
longer in durationhigher in pitch louder in volume
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Longer teeeeeeeeeeee cher
Highertea
chercher
Louder TEA cherAll threecombined
TEEEEEEEEEEEcher
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Word type Where is thestress? Examples
Two syllables
Nouns on the firstsyllable
centerobjectflower
Verbs on the lastsyllable
releaseadmit
arrange
Compound
Nouns(N + N)
(Adj. + N)on the first part
desktoppencil casebookshelf
greenhouse
Adjectives(Adj. + P.P.)
on the last part(the verb part)
well-meanthard-headed
old-fashioned
Verbs(prep. + verb)
understandoverlook
outperform
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Word type Where is the stress? Examples
Phrasal Verbs on the particleturn off
buckle uphand out
-icthe syllable before the
ending
economicGeometricelectrical
TechniciangraduationcohesionWord with
addedending
the syllable before theending
-tion, -cian, -sionTechniciangraduationcohesion
-phy, -gy, -try, -cy, -fy,-al
the third from the lastsyllable
Photographybiology
geometry
-meterParameter
Thermometerbarometer
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Sentence stress is the music of spoken English.Like word stress,
sentence stress can help you tounderstand spoken English,
especially whenspoken fast.
Sentence stress is what gives English its rhythmor "beat". You
remember that word stress isaccent on one syllable within a word.
Sentencestress is accent on certain words within asentence.
Sentence stress is the music of spoken English.Like word stress,
sentence stress can help you tounderstand spoken English,
especially whenspoken fast.
Sentence stress is what gives English its rhythmor "beat". You
remember that word stress isaccent on one syllable within a word.
Sentencestress is accent on certain words within asentence.
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content words and structure words
Content words are the key words of asentence. They are the
important words thatcarry the meaning or sense.Structure words are
not very important words.They are small, simple words that make
thesentence correct grammatically.
If you remove the structure words from asentence, you will
probably still understand thesentence.
content words and structure words
Content words are the key words of asentence. They are the
important words thatcarry the meaning or sense.Structure words are
not very important words.They are small, simple words that make
thesentence correct grammatically.
If you remove the structure words from asentence, you will
probably still understand thesentence.
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SELL CAR GONE FRANCE
SELL my CAR Ive GONE to FRANCE
Will you SELL my CAR because Ive GONE to FRANCE
2 1 3 1
Will you SELL my CAR because Ive GONE To FRANCE
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The basic rules of sentence stress are:
1. content words are stressed2. structure words are unstressed3.
the time between stressed words is always the
same
The basic rules of sentence stress are:
1. content words are stressed2. structure words are unstressed3.
the time between stressed words is always the
same
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Content words - stressed
Words carrying the meaning Examplemain verbs SELL, GIVE,
EMPLOYnouns CAR, MUSIC, MARYadjectives RED, BIG, INTERESTINGadverbs
QUICKLY, LOUDLY, NEVERnegative auxiliaries DON'T, AREN'T, CAN'T
Structure words - unstressedStructure words - unstressedWords
for correct grammar Examplepronouns he, we, theyprepositions on,
at, intoarticles a, an, theconjunctions and, but, becauseauxiliary
verbs do, be, have, can, must
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phonetic jadi.pdf (p.1-7)word stress 1.pdf (p.8-22)
