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Seven Wonder
Acknowledgement
It was highly educative and interactive to take training at Rising
HIeights & company, it was a good chance for learning and
practicing new things to update our self.
I am highly thankful to the respected In charge Mr. Kanav Sharma
for allowing me to join the Training and motivating me to do the
right things. I also take the opportunity to thanks Mr. Harjot Brar
for his guidance in field of technology
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Seven Wonder
Preface
An engineer has to serve the market, for that one must know about
the demands and requirements in the market, the way of
tackling the hurdles and find a way of working out for their
solutions at the right place.
After the completion of four year degree course an engineer must
have a thorough knowledge about the theory and practical. For
this one must be practically sound with theory aspects.
To make the engineer good at practical the engineering courses
provides a 5-6 weeks industrial training where one gets the
opportunity to apply the theory in practical processes and
production.
We have been lucky to get a chance for undergoing this training at
Rising heights and company. This report has been prepared on
the basis of knowledge acquired by us during training period of
45 days at the company.
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Contents of Training report
1) Basics of html
2)Tags in html
3)CSS (cascading style sheet)
4)font style
5)Javascript
6) Core php
7)Project on environment system
8)Use of templates
9)Personality development
10)Updates on technology
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What is HTML?
HTML is a language for describing web pages.
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
HT1ML is not a programming language, it is a markup language
A markup language is a set of markup tags
The purpose of the tags are to describe page content
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HTML Tags
HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags
HTML tags are keywords (tag names) surrounded by angle brackets like
<html>
HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> and </b>
The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag
The end tag is written like the start tag, with a forward slash before the tag
name
Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags
HTML Elements"HTML tags" and "HTML elements" are often used to describe
the same thing.
But strictly speaking, an HTML element is everything between the start tag
and the end tag, including the tags:
HTML Element
HTML Documents = Web Pages
HTML documents describe web pages
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HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text
HTML documents are also called web pages
Syntax of HTML
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Types of tags
Pargraph tags
Bold tag
Italic tag
Underline
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Break
Horizontal rule
Div tag
Anchor tag
Img tag
Form(input,text area)
Table(td,tr,th)
List (ol,ul,dl ) (li,dd,dt)
FRAMES
FORM
IFRAME
HEADING TAGS(h1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6)
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SMALL TAG
STRONG TAG
STYLE TAG
SCRIPT TAG
HEAD TAG
BODY TAG
HTML TAGS
SUP TAG (super script)
SUB TAG(subscript)
STRIKE TAG
BUTTON
PRE
LINK
FONT TAG
BIG TAG
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CSS(cascading style sheet)
What is CSS?CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets Styles define how to
display HTML elements. Styles were added to HTML 4.0 to solve a
problem. External Style Sheets can save a lot of work. External Style
Sheets are stored in CSS files.
CSS Syntax
A CSS rule has two main parts: a selector, and one or more declarations:
The selector is normally the HTML element you want to style.
Each declaration consists of a property and a value.
The property is the style attribute you want to change. Each property has a
value.
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CSS Example
A CSS declaration always ends with a semicolon, and declaration groups are
surrounded by curly brackets:
P{color:red;text-align:center;}
To make the CSS more readable, you can put one declaration on each line,
like this
EXAMPLE
p
{
color:red;
text-align:center;
}
CSS Styling
Styling Backgrounds
Styling Text
Styling Fonts
Styling LinksStyling Lists
Styling Tables
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The id and class Selectors
In addition to setting a style for a HTML element, CSS allows you to specify
your own selectors called "id" and "class".
The id Selector
The id selector is used to specify a style for a single, unique element.The id
selector uses the id attribute of the HTML element, and is defined with a
"#".
The style rule below will be applied to the element with id="para1":
Example
#para1
{
text-align:center;color:red;
}
Do NOT start an ID name with a number! It will not work in Mozilla/Firefox.
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The class Selector
The class selector is used to specify a style for a group of elements. Unlike
the id selector, the class selector is most often used on several elements.
This allows you to set a particular style for many HTML elements with the
same class.
The class selector uses the HTML class attribute, and is defined with a "."
In the example below, all HTML elements with class="center" will be center-aligned:
Example
.center {text-align:center;
You can also specify that only specific HTML elements should be affected bya class.
In the example below, all p elements with class="center" will be center-
aligned:
Example
p.center {text-align:center;}
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JavaScript was designed to add interactivity to HTML pages
JavaScript is a scripting language
A scripting language is a lightweight programming language
JavaScript is usually embedded directly into HTML pages
JavaScript is an interpreted language (means that scripts execute without
preliminary compilation)
Everyone can use JavaScript without purchasing a license
JavaScript is THE scripting language of the Web.
JavaScript is used in billions of Web pages to add functionality, validate
forms, communicate with the server, and much more.
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What Can JavaScript do?
JavaScript gives HTML designers a programming tool - HTML authors are
normally not programmers, but JavaScript is a scripting language with
a very simple syntax! Almost anyone can put small "snippets" of code
into their HTML pages
JavaScript can react to events - A JavaScript can be set to execute when
something happens, like when a page has finished loading or when a
user clicks on an HTML element
JavaScript can manipulate HTML elements - A JavaScript can read and
change the content of an HTML element
JavaScript can be used to validate data - A JavaScript can be used to validate
form input
Example
My First Web Page
This is a paragraph.
Display Date
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JavaScript The HTML <script> tag is used to insert a JavaScript into an HTML document.
The HTML "id" attribute is used to identify HTML elements.
Manipulating HTML Elements
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JavaScript is typically used to manipulate existing HTML elements.
The HTML "id" attribute is used to identify HTML elements.
To access an HTML element from a JavaScript, use the
document.getElementById() method.
The document.getElementById() method will access the HTML element with
the specified id.
Example
Access the HTML element with the specified id, and change its content:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>My First Web Page</h1>
<p id="demo">My First Paragraph</p>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML="My First JavaScript";
</script>
</body>
</html>
Write Directly into The HTML Document
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The example below writes a <p> element into the HTML document:
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>My First Web Page</h1>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.write("<p>My First JavaScript</p>");
</script>
</body>
</html>
JavaScript Functions in <head>
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The example below calls a function when a button is clicked:
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function myFunction()
{
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML="My First JavaScript
Function";
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>My Web Page</h1>
<p id="demo">A Paragraph</p>
<button type="button" onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
</body>
</html>
JavaScript if else Statements
Conditional statements are used to perform different actions based on
different conditions.
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Conditional Statements
Very often when you write code, you want to perform different actions fordifferent decisions. You can use conditional statements in your code to
do this.
In JavaScript we have the following conditional statements:
if statement - use this statement to execute some code only if a specified
condition is true
if...else statement - use this statement to execute some code if the conditionis true and another code if the condition is false
if...else if....else statement - use this statement to select one of many blocks
of code to be executed
switch statement - use this statement to select one of many blocks of code
to be executed
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If Statement
Use the if statement to execute some code only if a specified condition is
true.
Syntax
if (condition)
{
code to be executed if condition is true
}
Note that if is written in lowercase letters. Using uppercase letters (IF) will
generate a JavaScript error!
EXAMPLE
Make a "Good day" greeting if the time if less than 20:00:
if (time<20)
{
x="Good day";
}
The result of x will be:
Good day
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PHP(HYPERTEXT PREPROCESSER)
PHP is a powerful tool for making dynamic and interactive Web pages.
PHP is the widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors such as
Microsoft's ASP.
In our PHP tutorial you will learn about PHP, and how to execute scripts on
your server.
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What is PHP?
PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor
PHP is a server-side scripting language, like ASP
PHP scripts are executed on the server
PHP supports many databases (MySQL, Informix, Oracle, Sybase, Solid,
PostgreSQL, Generic ODBC, etc.)
PHP is an open source software
PHP is free to download and use
What is a PHP File?
PHP files can contain text, HTML tags and scripts
PHP files are returned to the browser as plain HTML
PHP files have a file extension of ".php", ".php3", or ".phtml"
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What is MySQL?
MySQL is a database server
MySQL is ideal for both small and large applications
MySQL supports standard SQL
MySQL compiles on a number of platforms
MySQL is free to download and use
PHP + MySQL
PHP combined with MySQL are cross-platform (you can develop in Windowsand serve on a Unix platform)
Why PHP?
PHP runs on different platforms (Windows, Linux, Unix, etc.)
PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.)
PHP is easy to learn and runs efficiently on the server side
PHP Syntax
The PHP script is executed on the server, and the plain HTML result is sent
back to the browser.
Basic PHP Syntax :A PHP script always starts with <?php and ends with ?>. A
PHP script can be placed anywhere in the document.
On servers with shorthand-support, you can start a PHP script with <? and
end with ?>.
For maximum compatibility, we recommend that you use the standard form
(<?php) rather than the shorthand form.
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<?php
?>
A PHP file must have a .php extension.
A PHP file normally contains HTML tags, and some PHP scripting code.
Below, we have an example of a simple PHP script that sends the text "Hello
World" back to the browser:
<html><body>
<?php
echo "Hello World";
?>
</body>
</html>
Each code line in PHP must end with a semicolon. The semicolon is a
separator and is used to distinguish one set of instructions from another.
There are two basic statements to output text with PHP: echo and print.
In the example above we have used the echo statement to output the text
"Hello World".
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PHP Variables
As with algebra, PHP variables are used to hold values or expressions.
A variable can have a short name, like x, or a more descriptive name, like
carName.
Rules for PHP variable names:
Variables in PHP starts with a $ sign, followed by the name of the variable
The variable name must begin with a letter or the underscore character
A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores
(A-z, 0-9, and _ )
A variable name should not contain spaces
Variable names are case sensitive (y and Y are two different variables)
Creating (Declaring) PHP Variables
PHP has no command for declaring a variable.
A variable is created the moment you first assign a value to it:
$a="hello";
<?php
$txt="Hello World!";
$x=16;
?>
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The if Statement
Use the if statement to execute some code only if a specified condition is
true.
Syntax if (condition) code to be executed if condition is true;
The following example will output "Have a nice weekend!" if the current day
is Friday:
<html><body>
<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri") echo "Have a nice weekend!";
?>
</body>
</html>
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te if...else Statement
Use the if....else statement to execute some code if a condition is true and
another code if a condition is false.
Syntax
if (condition)
{
code to be executed if condition is true;
}
else
{code to be executed if condition is false;
}
Example
The following example will output "Have a nice weekend!" if the current day
is Friday, otherwise it will output "Have a nice day!":
<html>
<body>
<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri")
{
echo "Have a nice weekend!";
}
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else
{
echo "Have a nice day!";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
The if...else if....else Statement
Use the if....elseif...else statement to select one of several blocks of code to
be executed.
Syntax
if (condition)
{
code to be executed if condition is true;
}
elseif (condition)
{
code to be executed if condition is true;
}
else
{
code to be executed if condition is false;
}
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Example
The following example will output "Have a nice weekend!" if the current day
is Friday, and "Have a nice Sunday!" if the current day is Sunday.
Otherwise it will output "Have a nice day!":
<html>
<body>
<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri")
{
echo "Have a nice weekend!";
}
elseif ($d=="Sun")
{
echo "Have a nice Sunday!";
}
else
{
echo "Have a nice day!";
}
?>
</body></html>
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The $_GET Variable
The predefined $_GET variable is used to collect values in a form with
method="get"
Information sent from a form with the GET method is visible to everyone (it
will be displayed in the browser's address bar) and has limits on the
amount of information to send.
Example
<form action="welcome.php" method="get">
Name: <input type="text" name="fname" />
Age: <input type="text" name="age" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
The "welcome.php" file can now use the $_GET variable to collect form data
(the names of the form fields will automatically be the keys in the $_GET
array):
Welcome <?php echo $_GET["fname"]; ?>.<br />
You are <?php echo $_GET["age"]; ?> years old!
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The $_POST Variable
The predefined $_POST variable is used to collect values from a form sent
with method="post".
Information sent from a form with the POST method is invisible to others and
has no limits on the amount of information to send.
Example
<form action="welcome.php" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="fname" />
Age: <input type="text" name="age" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
The "welcome.php" file can now use the $_POST variable to collect form data
(the names of the form fields will automatically be the keys in the $_POST
array):
Welcome <?php echo $_POST["fname"]; ?>!<br />
You are <?php echo $_POST["age"]; ?> years old.
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PHP Form Handling
The most important thing to notice when dealing with HTML forms and PHP is
that any form element in an HTML page will automatically be available
to your PHP scripts.
Example
The example below contains an HTML form with two input fields and a
submit button:
<html>
<body>
<form action="welcome.php" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="fname" />
Age: <input type="text" name="age" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
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When a user fills out the form above and clicks on the submit button, the
form data is sent to a PHP file, called "welcome.php":
"welcome.php" looks like this:
<html>
<body>
Welcome <?php echo $_POST["fname"]; ?>!<br />
You are <?php echo $_POST["age"]; ?> years old.
</body>
</html>
Output could be something like this:
Welcome John!
You are 28 years old.
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Seven Wonder
Latest technology updates by Rising heights
The company will introduce a new search engine in the month of September
(which is Search engine optimization.
The company is making a social networking website on the name of leafknot
which is already in progress.
Rising heights is also making Ecommerce website very soon for online
shopping. We want to make sure that people can buy all the latest products
online.
We are making a good team of More php developers and some seo people so
there are good chances for candidates to apply for job very soon.