Phyto Pres Emerging Contaminants

8/6/2019 Phyto Pres Emerging Contaminants

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/phyto-pres-emerging-contaminants 1/19

Corbett Landes, Kim Fewless, and Meg Hollowed

November 11, 2010

BZ 572

Phytoremediation of

´Contaminants of Emerging Concernµ



Prevalence in the Environment

y Found in 80% of U.S. streamsy Largely either very hydrophilic or hydrophobic compounds

y Highestconcentrations:

y steroidsy non-prescription drugsy detergent metabolitesy plasticizersy

disinfectantsy antibiotics

y Most frequentlydetected:

y steroidsy non-prescription drugsy insect repellenty detergent metabolitesy disinfectants



Why do we care about pharmaceuticals,

hormones, and other organic wastewater

contaminants?y Low concentrations, but:

y many compounds aren·t regulated

y

fate and transport of metabolites aren·twell understood

y potential for interactive effects

y Where do they come from?

y wastewater treatment plant effluent

y agricultural operations/runoff

y Organizations currently engaged in

research: EPA, WHO, USGS, etc.



Potential applications for phytoremediation

y Municipal wastewater treatment

y Feedlot or dairy farm waste stream treatment

y Agricultural runoff abatement



Antibiotics

y Agricultural Sources:

y Growth promotion and disease prevention

y Released to the environment through:

y feedlot runoff streams

y leaks

y runoff from manure-applied agriculture

y Consequencesy antibiotic resistant microorganisms



Antibiotics Cont:y CSU study

y Aquatic plantsy Parrot feather (M.aquaticum) and water lettuce (P. stratiotes)

y Hairy root cultures of sunflower (H .annuus)

y Antibiotics: tetracycline and oxytetracycline

y

Mechanism: degradation by root-secreted enzymes





Pharmaceuticals





IbuprofenPhragmites australis



Hormones/Endocrine Disruptors

y Removal of phenolic endocrine disruptors by Portulaca oleracea

y S pecifically bisphenol A

y Could potentially be used as a cash crop





Constructed WetlandsLiterature Treatment Compounds Results

Dordio (2010) Microcosm CW Ibuprofen, carbamazepine,clofibric acid

Seasonal variability, adsorption to clay,plants

Song (2009) Variation of wetland depth Estrone, 17 F-estradiol,

17-ethinylestradiol

Shallow depth, aerobic, high root density

Conkle (2010) Constructed Wetland Ciprofloxacin, ofloxin,

norfloxin (fluoroquin)

Sorption, drugs of same family compete

for sorption sites

Matmoros(2007)

VFCW/HFCW/sandfilter/WWTP

Ibuprofen, carbamazepine,caffeine (13)

Biodegradation and sorption ² effectiveness: VF>SF/WWTP>HF

Hijosa-Valsero

(2010a)

Pond, SF & SSF CW vs.

WWTP

Ibuprofen, carbamazepine,

caffeine (10)

aerobic, microbiological

Hijosa-Valsero

(2010b)

Mesocosm CW (3) Ibuprofen, carbamazepine,

caffeine (10)

Correlated with temp and redox potential

microbiological

Phragmites

australis

Typha

angustifolia



Aquatic PlantsLiterature Treatment Compounds Results

Reinhold

(2010)

Duckweed Atrazine, ibuprofen, 2,4-

D, triclosan (7)

Enhanced microbial degradation,

sorption, uptake

Shi (2010) Duckweed v. Algae Estrone, 17 F-estradiol,

17-ethinylestradiol

Both algae and duckweed accelerated

degradation through sorption and

microbial degradation



Summary: constructed wetlandsy Wetlands and other aquatic phytoremediation of

PPCPs works as well as traditional treatment

y Application in developing countries

y M

ay be more cost effectivey Variation in degradation requirements

y Anaerobic/aerobic

y Temperature

y

Photolysisy Sorption/degradation

y Use patterns (Macleod, 2010)



CONCLUSIONS

y Some success has been achieved with specific

plants/compounds

y Must consider risks:

y Invasive species

y Metabolites

y Ability to remediate a mixture of compounds

y Research is still being conducted to

understand the fate and transport of

CECs/PPCPs

y At this time, no single plant or constructed

wetland set-up can remove all PPCPs in

wastewater treatment plant effluent



References (1)y Bartha et al. (2010). Effects of acetominophen in Brassica juncea L. Czern: investigation of

uptake, translocation, detoxification, and the induced defense pathways. Env. Sci. Pollut. Res.,17, 1553-1562.

y Boonsaner, M. and Hawker, D.W. (2010). Accumulation of oxytetracycline and norfloxacinfrom saline soil by soybeans. Sci of the Total Env, 408, 1731-1737.

y Conkle JL et al. (2010) Competitive sorption and desorption behavior for three

fluoroquinolone antibiotics in a wastewater treatment wetland soil. Chemosphere 80, 1353-1359.

y DordioA et al. (2010) Removal of pharmaceuticals in microcosm constructed wetlands usingTypha spp. and LECA. Bioresource Technology 101, 886-892.

y Hijosa-Valsero M et al. (2010a) Assessment of full-scale natural systems for the removal of PPCPs from wastewater in small communites. Water Research 44, 1429-1439.

y Hijosa-Valsero M et al. (2010b) Comprehensive assessment of the design configuration of

constructed wetlands for the removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products fromurban wastewaters. Water Research 44, 3669-3678.

y Gujarathi et al. (2005). Phytoremediation potential of M.aquaticum and P.stratiotes to modifyantibiotic growth promoters, tetracycline and oxytetracycline, in aqueous wastewater systems.Int. Journal of Phytoremediation, 7, 99-112.



References (2)y Gujarthi et al. (2005). Hairy roots of H.annuus: a model system to study the

phytoremediation of tetracycline and oxytetracycline. Biotech. Prog. 21, 775-780.

y Imai et al. (2007). Removal of phenolic endocrine disruptors by Portulacaoleracea. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengr., 103(5), 420-426.

y Kolpin et al. (2002). Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewatercontaminants in U.S. streams, 1999-2000: a national reconaissance. Env. Sci. &Tech., 36, 1202-1211.

y Kotyza et al. (2010). Phytoremediation of pharmaceuticals- preliminary study.Int. Journal of Phytoremediation, 12, 306-316.

y MacLeod, SL et al. (2010) Loadings, trends, comparisons, and fate of achiraland chiral pharmaceuticals in wastewaters from urban tertiary and rural aerated

lagoon treatments. Water research 44, 533-544.y Reinhold D et al. (2010) Assessment of plant-driven removal of emerging

organic pollutants by duckweed. Chemosphere 80, 687-692.



References (3)y Matamoros et al. (2007). Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products

(PPCPs) from urban wastewater in a pilot vertical flow constructed wetland and asand filter. Env. Sci. & Tech., 41, 8171-8177.

y Pedersen et al. (2005). Human pharmaceutical, hormones, and personal careproduct ingredients in runoff from agricultural fields irrigated with treatedwastewater. J. Agr. Food. Chem., 53, 1625-1632.

y Schroder et al. (2007). Using phytoremediation technologies to upgrade wastewatertreatment in Europe. Env. Sci. Pollut. Res., 14 (7), 490-497.

y Shappell et. al. (2007). Estrogenic activity and steroid hormones in swinewastewater through a lagoon constructed-wetland system. Env. Sci. and Tech., 41,444-450.

y Shi W. et al. (2010) Removal of estrone, 17-ethinylestradiol, and 17 F ²estradiol in

algae and duckweed-based wastewater treatment systems. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res17, 824-833.

y Song HL et al. (2009) Estrogen removal from treated municipal effluent in small-scale constructed wetland with different depth. BioresourceTechnology 100, 2945-2951.

y Topp et al. (2008). Runoff of pharmaceuticals and personal care products following

application of biosolids to an agricultural field. Sci. of the Total Env., 396, 52-59.

Documents

Phyto Pres Emerging Contaminants