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Piano
• Room acoustics are important. Placement of piano and microphones are influenced by the room.
• Condenser microphones are commonly used to capture the full range of a piano and its transients.
• Stereo microphones are most commonly used.
• If using only one microphone, place it closer to the treble side.
• Generally, raise the height of the microphones the further the microphone distance from the piano.
Grand Piano
• Sound from a grand piano radiates from many areas and in many directions.
• There is a large area of sound generation.
• Acoustically complex instrument.
• Capture sounds ranging from traditional (natural or accurate) to percussive.
Grand Piano – Microphones Over the Hammers
1. Over the hammers2. Over the strings3. Edge of the body4. Distance (room)
Grand Piano – Microphones Over the Hammers
• Stereo pair – one over treble side and one over the bass side.
• 4-10” away from the hammers (body side of the piano).
• 4-10” above the strings pointing straight down or at an angle.
• Height, front-back and left-right position selected to obtain desired sound and treble-bass balance.
• Provides good isolation from other sounds and any room influence
• Very percussive sound – more for driving rock or pop styles
Grand Piano – Microphones Over the Strings
1. Over the hammers2. Over the strings3. Edge of the body4. Distance (room)
Grand Piano – Microphones Over the Strings
• Stereo pair – one over the treble strings and one over the bass strings (body of the piano).
• 4-10” above the strings pointing straight down or at an angle.
• Height, front-back and left-right position selected to obtain desired sound and treble-bass balance.
• Provides moderate isolation from other sounds and any room influence.
• Less percussive sound, but still not highly natural or accurate.
Grand Piano – Microphones at the Body Edge
1. Over the hammers2. Over the strings3. Edge of the body4. Distance (room)
Grand Piano – Microphones at the Body Edge
• Stereo pair – at the opening of the piano and lid“Looking into the open lid”.
• Can be positioned just inside or outside of the piano.
• Height, angle and front-back position selected to obtain desired sound and treble-bass balance.
• Little isolation from other sounds and any room influence.
• More open and closer to a natural and accurate sound compared to microphones inside the body and close to the strings.
Grand Piano – Microphones at a Distance (Room)
1. Over the hammers2. Over the strings3. Edge of the body4. Distance (room)
Grand Piano – Microphones at a Distance (Room)
• Stereo pair – placed outside of the piano and usually facing the open lid.
• 6-25’ away from the piano.
• Height and position selected to obtain desired sound and treble-bass balance.
• No isolation from other sounds and any room influence.
• Most open, natural and accurate sound. Strongly Influenced by the room sound.
• Blumlein and mid-side (MS) can be used.
Upright Piano – Microphones Over the Top
1. Over the top
2. Front and Above3. Soundboard4. Kickboard
Upright Piano – Microphones Over the Top
• Stereo pair – placed just over the open top and angled down towards the strings. One on treble side and one on bass side.
• Height, angle and left-right position selected to obtain desired sound and treble-bass balance.
• Angle the piano 15-20° away from the wall if close to one.
Upright Piano – Front and Above
1. Over the top
2. Front and Above3. Soundboard4. Kickboard
Upright Piano – Microphones Front and Above
• Remove front, upper panel and open the top.
• Stereo pair – placed 6-12” above the bass and treble strings and 6-12” in front of the piano. Angle towards the strings.
• Height, angle and left-right position selected to obtain desired sound and treble-bass balance.
• Angle the piano 15-20° away from the wall if close to one.
• Less percussive
Upright Piano – Microphones on the Soundboard
1. Over the top
2. Front and Above3. Soundboard4. Kickboard
Upright Piano – Microphones on the Soundboard
• Move the piano away from any walls.
• Stereo pair – placed 4-8” away from the back of the piano.
• Height, angle and left-right position selected to obtain desired sound and treble-bass balance.
• Mid-way up is a good starting point.
• Used if some isolation from other sounds is needed, but not a great overall sound.
Upright Piano – Microphones on the Kickboard
1. Over the top
2. Front and Above3. Soundboard4. Kickboard
Upright Piano – Microphones on the Kickboard
• Remove the lower kickboard
• Stereo pair – placed 6-9” away from the strings.
• Height, angle and left-right position selected to obtain desired sound and treble-bass balance.
• Close to the bottom of the keyboard is a good starting point.
• Used if some isolation from other sounds is needed, but not a great overall sound.