PIC Microcontroller and E b dd d S tEmbedded Systems

Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Rolin McKinlay and Danny Causey

Eng. Husam AlzaqE g m qThe Islamic Uni. Of Gaza

The PIC uCs 1-1

Chapter 1:pThe PIC Mi t ll Microcontrollers: History and Features History and Features

Microcontroller and

PIC Microcontroller d E b dd d S

Embedded ProcessorsOverview of the PIC18 and Embedded Systems

Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Rolin McKinlay and D C s F b

Overview of the PIC18 Family

Danny Causey, February 2007.

The PIC uCs 1-2

ObjectiveObjective

d P d Compare and contrast uP and uCDescribe the advantages of uCgExplain the concept of ESDescribe criteria for considering a uCDescribe criteria for considering a uCCompare and contrast the various of the PIC FamilyPIC FamilyCompare the PIC with uC offered by

h others

The PIC uCs 1-3

Microcontroller and Embedded Processors

ll G l PMicrocontroller VS General purpose uPuC for embedded systemsyX86 PC Embedded Application

The PIC uCs 3-4

Figure 1-1. Microprocessor System Contrasted With Microcontroller Contrasted With Microcontroller System

The PIC uCs 3-5

Choosing a uControllerChoosing a uController

h b The major 8-bit Freescale Semiconductor’s (formerly Motorola) 6 H 0 /6 H 1168HC08/68HC11Intel’s 8051Atmel’s AVRZilog’s Z8PIC from Microchip Technology

The PIC uCs 3-6

Criteria for Choosing uController

h d f h k 1. Meeting the computing needs of the task at hand efficiency and cost effectively

2. Availability of SW and HW development tools

CompilersAssemblersDebuggersEmulators

3. Wide availability and reliable source

The PIC uCs 3-7

Criteria for Choosing uController

h d f h k Meeting the computing needs of the task at hand efficiency and cost effectively

Determine its type, 8-bit,16-bit or 32-bitSpeedPackaging (40-Pin or QFP)Power consumptionThe amount of RAM and ROMThe number of I/O pins and the timerCost per unitEase of upgrade.

The PIC uCs

pg

The PIC uCs 3-8

uC Data width uC Data width

b ll8-bit MicrocontrollersPIC10, PIC12, PIC14PIC16, PIC17, PIC18

16-bit MicrocontrollersPIC24F, PIC24H

32-bit Microcontrollers32 bit MicrocontrollersPIC32

16 bit Digital Signal Controllers16-bit Digital Signal ControllersdsPIC30, dsPIC33F

The PIC uCs 3-9

Overview of the PIC18 Family

b ll ll d P An 8-bit uController called PIC is introduces in 1989 by Microchip

h l Technology CorporationIt includes

Small Data RamFew bytes of RomyOne timerI/O portsp

The PIC uCs 3-10

PIC 18 FeathersPIC 18 Feathers

hRISC ArchitectureOn-chip program, Code, ROMp p gData EEPROMTimersTimersADCU RTUSARTI/O Ports

The PIC uCsThe PIC uCs 3-11

Figure 1-2. Simplified View of a PIC Microcontroller

The PIC uCs 3-12

PIC18 Features PIC18 Features

hRISC ArchitectureOn chip Code ROM and Data RAM, Data pEEPROMTimersTimersADCUSARTUSARTI/O ports

The PIC uCs 3-13

Figure 1-3 PIC18 Block DiagramFigure 1-3. PIC18 Block Diagram

The PIC uCs 3-14

Figure 1-3. PIC18 Block Diagram (continued)

The PIC uCs 3-15

Figure 1-4 PIC16 Block DiagramFigure 1-4. PIC16 Block Diagram

The PIC uCs 3-16

Figure 1-4. PIC16 Block Diagram (continued)

The PIC uCs 3-17

uCuC

The PIC uCs 3-18

PIC uC program ROMPIC uC program ROM

P f d ff d d PIC exists in terms of different speed and the amount of on-chip RAM/ROMCompatibility is restricted as far as the instructions are concerns.

The PIC uCs 3-19

PIC uC Program ROMPIC uC Program ROM

P 1 BPIC 18 can support up to 2MBGenerally, they come with 4KB – 128KBy yAvailable in flash, OTP, UV-EPROM, and masked.masked.

The PIC uCsThe PIC uCs 3-20

UV-EPROMUV-EPROM

The PIC uCs 3-21

PIC18Fxxxx with flashPIC18Fxxxx with flash

d f d d lUsed for product development

The PIC uCsThe PIC uCs 3-22

PIC18Cxxxx and Masked PICPIC18Cxxxx and Masked PIC

POTPOne time programmableC indicates the OTP RPMUsed for mass productionCheaper

Maskedprogram will be burned into the PIC chip during the fabrication processp

The PIC uCsThe PIC uCs 3-23

PIC uC data RAM and EEPROMPIC uC data RAM and EEPROM

40 6 B (4 kB) f d Max. 4096 Bytes (4 kB) of data RAM space.Data RAM space has two components

Varied GPR, General Purpose RAMp• For read/write and data manipulation• Divided into banks of 256 B

Fixed SFR, Special Function RegistersSome of PICs have a small amount of EEPROM

Used for critical data storing

The PIC uCs

g

The PIC uCs 3-24

The PIC uCsTransport Layer 3-25

PIC uC peripheralsPIC uC peripherals

N ( ll N k) CAN- (Controller Area Network), LIN- (Local Interconnect Network), USB- (Universal Serial Bus), I²C- (Inter-Integrated Circuit) I C- (Inter-Integrated Circuit), SPI- (Serial Peripheral Interface),

i l E h I fSeriel or Ethernet InterfaceADC - Analog Digital Converterg gUSART- Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter

The PIC uCs

synchronous ece ver ransm tter

3-26

Chapter 1: SummaryChapter 1: SummaryWe have Compared We have Compared between uP and uCWe have described the We have described the advantages of uCW h i sim l We have given a simple introduction for PIC18 Next:

PIC Architecture and assembly language programming.

The PIC uCs 3-27