Pico Cell Planning Design and Installation

8/14/2019 Pico Cell Planning Design and Installation

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Network GroupPico Cell Planning, Design &

Installation


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Pico cell Planning, Design and Installation

Index

1) Introduction4

2) Scope4

3) Making the optimum choice or a !" distri#ution s$stem%&3%1) Passi'e

3%1%1) Passive Coupler System3%1%2) Passi'e Splitter S$stem3%1%3) (eak$ "eeder3%2) $#rid3%3) "i#er3%4) Decision "actors

4) !" Design Speci ications%%1*4%1) Signal Strength4%2) +apacit$4%3) +ontainment

&) -S +on igurations%%12&%1) ! S22*2 +on iguration&%2) ! S22*2 .pgrade&%3) ! S23*2 +on iguration&%4) ! S23*2 .pgrade

/) Site +lassi ications1//%1) Sur'e$ -ime/%2) uilding S$mmetr$/%3) Signal Speci ications/%4) uilding !estrictions/%&) 0um#er o "loors/%/) 0um#er o uildings/% ) Site +lasses

) Pico +ell +omponents%%1

) !" +ontractors Deli'era#les%%1%1) Measurements%2) ptimum -S con iguration%3) !" circuit diagram

8.4) Component list8.5) Link Budget

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1) Introduction

+ne o! t e allenges !a ing a ellular net,ork operator is !re-uen y and apa ity planning. $a ro layeras apa ity limitations due to t e amount o! spe trum availa*le to support t e gro,ing su*s ri*er *ase

,it in t e large overage *oundaries o!!ered *y t is layer. Capa ity may *e gained *y planning a $i ro orPi o layer eit er ontiguously or at spe i!i geograp i lo ations termed /0ot Spots due to t e ig

su*s ri*er num*ers ,it in t e area. &ypi al e amples are s opping and entertainment enters.& e $i ro layer re!ers to an outdoor site in , i t e antenna is pla ed appro imately %m a*ove streetlevel. & is layer as not *een ,idely deployed in t e $&( net,ork due to ost impli ations3 di!!i ulty in

providing transmission links to re-uired points and due to t e ma ority o! tra!!i residing ,it in *uildingsas opposed to on t e streets.& e Pi o layer re!ers to an n6Building system in , i multiple antennas are mounted ,it in t e eiling

*oards to provide re-uired overage and apa ity. & e o* e tive is t us7"emove ig apa ity re-uirements !rom $a ro layer t us !reeing !re-uen ies !or re6use else, ere.

mproving n6Building overage ,it a dedi ated system.Providing dedi ated orporate solutions

num*er o! issues need to *e onsidered , en planning a dedi ated n6'oor system.

2) Scope

& e do ument identi!ies various "# distri*ution systems3 planning met odologies and de ision making3individual responsi*ilities !or deployment3 approval o! "# plans and net,ork parameters essential !orsu ess!ul operation o! t e n6Building system. & e do umentation ,as ompiled ,it respe t to t e CellPlanners involvement in t e Pi o ell deployment pro ess.

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%) Making the optimum choice or a !" distri#ution s$stem

& e met odologies to provide t e "# distri*ution system are dis ussed *elo,. a system as it s o,nadvantages and disadvantages. & e optimum oi e in solution must *e as ertained !rom *ot ane onomi al and te ni al analysis !or t e spe i!i ase study.

3%1) Passi'ePassive system onsists o! Co6 ial a*le3 ouplers3 splitters3 and antenna3 no a tive elements.&ypi ally t e Ca*le is :2 in or 1 ;:8 in diameter. #or !eeder losses re!er to do ument/ Transmission feeder loss table. T ere are a !ariet" of antennas a!ailable. T e #ntel$d%i and uber & 'u ner (d%i are commonl" utili)ed for in*door applications. #est eticre+uirements ma" impact on t e more tec nicall" suited antenna. T is decision is oftendue to landlord re+uests surrounding aest etic issues. ,efer to section - formanufactures and part numbers

3%1%1) Passi'e +oupler S$stem

3%1%2) Passi'e Splitter S$stem

s an *e seen !rom t e a*ove3 oupler designed systems ave t e advantage over systems planned ,it splitters in terms o! e-ually distri*uting po,er. Cell si


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insertion loss !or a oupler is typi ally in t e region o! =.5 dBm to 1.5dBm. "e!er to ouplerspe i!i ations lo ated >Plan+ps:'ata:Surveys: n*uilding:Components)

(+& 7 & e passive elements ave a spe i!i po,er rating , i must *e onsidered ,it t e typeo! B&S in -uestion and t e num*er o! arriers , i in reases t e overall omposite po,er.

3%1%3) (eak$ "eeder

Leaky !eeder as some limited appli ations , ere it is a suita*le medium i.e. ? s aped narro,orridors , ere +mni dire tional antennas may not propagate su!!i iently. n general Leaky

#eeder as not *een ,idely utili oupling via aperture slots) o! ;1.%dB:5=A and 82dB:95A. "e!er to an ndre,s s atalogue !ordetailed spe i!i ations.

Passive System

dvantage7Lo, osts !or omponents >Ca*le3 ouplers3 splitters) in omparison to 0y*rid and #i*ersystems.

(o tive elements re-uiring additional po,er supplies. (o omposite po,er limitations.

ell Suited !or small to medium *uilding appli ations.'isadvantage

La*or osts !or long runs o! !eeder a*les. (o alarm apa*ilities to identi!y a !ault in a parti ular *ran .Care!ul onsideration re-uired to !uture e pansions , en per!orming initial "# plan. & esystem must *e a*le to ater !or e pansion ,it out de ay to e isting overage areas.

it respe t to leaky !eeder spe i!i installation skills are re-uired. (o metal element s ould *e pla ed in tou ing distan e to t e !eeder system. deally t e leaky !eeder a*le s ould *esuspended !rom a eiling in order to provide *est propagation ara teristi s.


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3%2) $#rid

0y*rid system ,ill ontain passive and a tive elements. & is system utili


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& ere are a num*er o! vendors o!!ering !i*er solutions ,it eit er multi mode or single mode!i*er. & e ard,are ,ill onsist o! a master > le tri to +pti ) and Slave >+pti to le tri ) units

dvantagesCoverage supplied over long distan es3 typi al appli ation !or tunnels or tall *uildings ,it 2=!loors F.Provides good utili&P)

1 km$ultimode #i*er


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4) !" Design Speci ications

& e "# Spe i!i ations provide t e design riteria !or Pi o ell deployment. $&( re-uest "# Contra tors to

simulate t eir proposed design ,it t e appli ation o! test transmitters. n order !or t is a test !re-uen y isre-uired. & is !re-uen y must *e o*tained !rom t e Cell Planner responsi*le !or approving t e "# Plans.

"# Spe i!i ations !or n6Building Planning are stipulated as7

4%1) Signal Strength

'esign targets !or Signal Strengt !or in6*uilding appli ations are divided into t,o ategories>Corporate : Pu*li )

Corporate Cell Provide a minimum signal level of -85 dBm in 95% of locations . The higher requirement is due to future services (GPRS and EDGE) hich require a higher C!". This planning rule should not #e

violated and pertains to all areas ithin a corporate #uilding that a user ma$ enter ith a cellularhandset.

Pu#lic Cell The pu#lic environment is one in hich the macro environment ma$ compliment the coverage

provided to an in%door s$stem (shopping and entertainment center). The pu#lic environment ma$require an in%door s$stem for either capacit$ relief to the macro net or& or to improve the coverage.

'inimum signal strength of *d+m for ,- of su#scri#er locations required.

minimum re eived do,n link signal level needs to *e de!ined in order to plan t e lo ations o!t e re-uired omponents. Signal levels are *ased on t e sensitivity levels o! a mo*ile3 , i !orIS$ 9== is set at J1=4dBm.

n order to a ommodate !or distortion me anisms e perien ed !or Pi o appli ations a ig er

do,n link level needs to *e spe i!ied as a sa!ety margin. /ote0 & ere are spe i!i ealt and sa!ety regulations t at ave *een spe i!ied in terms o! antenna pla ement and minimum distan e to a mo*ile su*s ri*er."e!er to do ument /"# "adiation K Sa!ety Pro edures !or t ese guidelines.& e overage provided *y t e n door system ,ill *e su* e ted to

Severe multi pat s7"e!le tions o! ,alls and dividers at various angles. & is ,ill o ur , en t e propagating,ave en ounters an o* e t t at is very large in omparison to t e ,avelengt o! t esignal.'i!!ra tion around !urniture and o* e ts ,it a s arp *end. & is o urs , en t e si


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4%2) +apacit$

#or Cell dimensioning re!er to do ument /Cell 'imensioning Poli y and /& e rlang3 de!initionand use o!3 rlang ta*les3 &ra!!i *e avior

Corporate Cell& e orporate environment , ere /#i ed $o*ile Convergen e is !oreseen s ould *e planned to

andle a ig tra!!i volume in t e initial "# plan. & e "# Plan must make provision !or !utureupgrades. & is is a stringent re-uirement and ,ill in!luen e t e spa e re-uired !or additional

a*inets3 B S apa ity3 omposite po,er into t e !eeder system and possi*le po,er redu tion i!oupling into e isting !eeder is re-uired to a ommodate additional a*inet >re!er to se tion 5 !or

B&S on!igurations)&ypi al su*s ri*er rlang !igures are 2=m :su* o,ever ,it a #i ed $o*ile onvergen e t is!igure an in rease to 1==m :su*. en LC" appli ation resides t e apa ity must *ein orporated ,it t e LC" re-uirements. & e LC" units an *e dimensioned at 5=m per unit.

Pu*li Cell& e pu*li environment s ould *e planned ,it 2= m :su*. & e "# Contra tor must ensure

apa ity is !o ussed around tra!!i otspots. B&S type ,ill *e dependant on t e num*er o!su*s ri*ers ,it in t e vi inity3 oi e o! B&S ,ill *e at t e dis retion o! t e ontra tor *ased ont e apa ity and signal strengt re-uirements. ere a 2%=2 unit as *een sele ted provision must

*e made !or an additional unit ,it respe t to p ysi al spa e and redu tion in po,er to original "# pat . "# Contra tors must ensure t at B S transmission ,it daisy ain implementation is!easi*le.

4%3) Signal +ontainment

& e signal provided !rom t e in6*uilding system must *e ,ell ontained in t e sense t at it does notradiate outside o! t e *uilding.

(o mo*ile su*s ri*ers s ould log onto t is system , ile *ypassing t e site Poor signal ontainment impa ts on t e e isting !re-uen y re6use pattern o! t e ma ro net,ork.

$&( ,ill *e responsi*le !or ell +ptimi


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& e C'E CF is utili&"E7 O"C 1%1 4;:=%) ,ill *e spe i!iedn order to ater !or !uture upgrades and assumptions in design a /d ?sa et$ margin ,ill *e

applied !or indoor appli ations. & is implies t e po,er level spe i!ied at t e re!eren e point>antenna port on top o! t e a*inet) ,ill *e dB less t an t e ma imum permissi*le po,er.& ere is o,ever C'E losses dependent on t e type o! C'E utili


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n order to in rease apa ity and additional a*inet is re-uired. &o onne t to t e e isting !eeder system ay*rid oupler in reases t e system losses *y %dB. ri sson does ave a !uture 12 &"M a*inet t at ,ill

remove t e need !or t,o a*inets. & e a*ove on!iguration results in t e in rease o! a single ell !rom &"M s to 12 &"M s. & e M6Bus is onne ted *et,een t e t,o B&S units allo,ing !or an in rease o! &"M sto a ommon ell. & e ell t ere!ore remains ,it a single BCC0 arrier.

5.%) "BS2%=2 Con!iguration

Po6er Issues& e "BS2%=2 is generally utili


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21 to %%dBm per arrier. %dB6sa!ety margin is utili


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) Site +lassi ication

$&( ,ill -uanti!y t e di!!i ulty and magnitude o! planning in6door solutions3 su t at a *uildingmay *e lassi!ied into a parti ular lass. & e lass ,ill identi!y t e re-uired planning time s ales and

osts. & e lassi!i ation o! a *uilding ,ill *e determined at t e initial site survey *et,een t e "#ontra tor and t e Cell Planner and ,ill t ere!ore *e a mutual agreement. #ollo,ing t e site survey t e

Cell Planner ,ill release t e site ,it in t e ork ut ori


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DESCRIPTION Connector VALUE(dB

PO!ERRATIN" (! "RINTE# $UBER % SU$NER Andre&s Antel #'t rein )imim*m Stoc+

P'rt No, P'rt No, P'rt No, P'rt No, P'rt No,Lo& Po&er Atten*'tors N*T"pe ;*A 1 $ /231. -.# $3

/ /23/. -.# $33 /2 3. -.# $3

$3 /2$3. -.# $313 /213. -.# $3

)edi*m Po&er Atten*'tors N*T"pe ;*A 1 $( (431. -.3330B/0231- 13/ $( (43/. -.333/B/( $$ 13

Single Port Co*-ler N*T"pe A 1 0-411(*33333 03/ 0-411/*33333 032 0-411-*33333 033 0-4112*33333 03( 0-4114*33333 03

$3 0-4103*33333 03$( 0-410 *33333 0313 0-410$*33333 $3

D*'l Port Co*-lers N*T"pe A / 0-4101*33333 032 0-4100*33333 033 0-410(*33333 03( 0-410/*33333 03

$3 0-410-*33333 03$( 0-4102*33333 0313 0-4104*33333 $3

Termin'tions ()'le N*T"pe ; /(N*(3*3* B((334 13/ /(3/. -.#B((3$(2 13

Po&er S-litters 9N T"pe Adistri*uted antenna system) may *e implemented as a omplimentto an e isting B&S providing apa ity to LC" it is advisa*le t at t e "# system *e ommissioned ,ita test transmitter e ternal to t e "BS unit. & is implies onne ting C test transmitter to t e sour e o!t e distri*uted antenna system simulating t e proposed po,er level into t e !eeder system.& e system may t en *e ommissioned and modi!ied >i! re-uired) ,it out disrupting mo*ilesu*s ri*ers or LC" tra!!i .

n t e ommissioning pro ess t e "# Contra tor must veri!y HS " levels ,it parti ular re!eren e to t e re!le ted po,er to,ards t e B&S "P and po,er levels at every antenna

Signal strengt ,it in t e *uilding and re-uired ontainment levels as spe i!ied in se tion 4 Ca*les are marked and la*eled in a ordan e to spe i!i ation provided *y $&( implementation

department& e "# Contra tor is re-uired to ompile a report veri!ying t at t e system per!orms in a ordan e to$&( spe i!i ations and in a ordan e to t e "# Plans !rom , i t e site ,as simulated anddesigned.

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11) 5cceptance -est Procedure ollo6ing site commissioning

& e a eptan e test pro edure pertains in t is onte t to t e ell planners role in veri!y t e site s per!orman e in relation to t e measurements provided *y t e "# ontra tor.

& e !ollo,ing issues are t e responsi*ility o! Cell Planner as a !un tion o! t e &P *et,een t e "#Contra tor and Planning K +ptimisaiton

Heri!y t at t e BSP "B and BSP "& are set in a ordan e to t e po,er levels re-uired at t etop o! t e antenna port. "e!er to se tion 5 !or t e B&S on!iguration. "emem*er t at a dB6sa!etymargin is re-uired !or an "BS22=2 and a %dB6sa!ety margin !or and "BS2%=2.

nsure t at t e ell data as *een loaded and t at t e relevant neig *or relations are de!ined >noteertain neig *or relations may *e avoided to ensure t e mo*ile amps on t e Pi o ell in idle

mode J "e!er to se tion 1% !or net,ork optimias indi ated *y points 1 to 8 J Se tion 8) n assumed nulls reated *y li!t s a!ts and rein!or ed on rete it and ntry points to t e premises Containment at riti al points to t e *uilding. /Criti al pertains to areas in , i pu*li

su*s ri*ers are likely to amp on t e Pi o ell denti!y t e andover *oundary and ensure t e andover o urs in su!!i ient time su t at a !ast

moving ve i le e iting or entering t e *asement does not result in a dropped all. Heri!y a!ter system a tivation t at t ere ,as no HS " alarm reated. Etilisignal strengt 3 ontainment3 HS " et ) t e "# Contra tor s ould *enoti!ied and in!ormed as to t e details o! t e pro*lem. s t e "# Contra tor is responsi*le to

provide a !ull turnkey system ,.r.t Planning and mplementation t e "# Contra tor is t ere!ore

responsi*le to re ti!y any asso iated pro*lems pertaining to t e sites per!orman e. "emem*er t att e live environment is to *e *en marked against measurement su*mitted *y t e "# ontra tor3, i indi ted t e e pe ted per!orman e o! t e !inal installation.

12) ork #lo, Pro edure

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Identif" PicoCell

Candidate9CP(okia 511=)

more intelligent option ,ould *e an 0CS in idle mode o,ever t is is not an availa*leoption !rom t e ard,are manu!a tures.

1%.2) "edu ed $easurement List and (eig *oring Cells.

n idle mode a mo*ile is presented ,it a list o! measurement !re-uen ies. & ese!re-uen ies in!orm t e mo*ile o! possi*le surrounding neig *oring ells. s orporate

*uildings generally ave one main entry and e it point t e num*er o! neig *our relationss ould *e limited to one or t,o ma ro ells. n some instan es a ma ro ells may *elo ated in lose pro imity to t e Pi o ell. n su ases t e ma ro ell may penetrate t e

*uilding at su a level t at t e di!!eren e in a*solute signal strengt nay *e inappropriate

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to alleviate *y C"+ appli ation. n su ases it may *e desira*le to remove t edominant ma ro as a neig *our !rom t e Pi o ells perspe tive. & e neig *our relations ould o,ever *e de!ined as a single relation. & is implies mo*iles may and into t ePi o ell !rom t e dominant ma ro *ut not in t e reverse dire tion.

t is o,ever important to veri!y t at mo*iles e iting t e *uilding ave a suita*le ma ro

andidate to andover to. +ne may t ere!ore ,is to utilise a se ond or t ird strongestma ro ells as a andover andidate."e!er to t e diagram *elo,

& e le!t6 and pi ture indi ates & ree ma ro neig *ors. +! t ese neig *ors t e nort ern neig *ors penetrates t e

*uilding ,it an a*solute signal strengt R t e Pi o ell. & is t ere!ore s i!ts t e idlemode *oundary o! t e Pi o ell in,ards a,ay !rom t e perimeter o! t e *uilding. & eSout ern Cell alt oug a suita*le neig *our does not dominate t e pi o ell ,.r.ta*solute signal strengt en e t e idle *oundary o! t e pi o ell is maintained at t eSout ern perimeter.

! C"+ ,as utili


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(+& 7 & e idle mode *oundary illustrated in t e pi ture is no, de!ined *y t e 0CS parameter >assume idle and a tive *oundary to *e !airly e-ual). See tive mode *elo,

(+& 7 & is met odology may not assist in ases , ere a mo*ile p one enters t e *uilding po,ered o!!. n t is ase s ould t e p one *e po,ered on , ilst in t e

*uilding > aving last *een a tive in t e ma ro net,ork) t e p one ,ill !irst look atarriers stored in t e idle BCC0 list. ! no mat ing arrier is identi!ied t e p one,ill identi!y t e strongest server and attempt to amp on t is ell. ! lo ated in t enort ern *oundary t e mo*ile may amp on t e e ternal ma ro. & e only means to

amp on t e Pi o ell in t is s enario is to a -uire a ig er a*solute signal strengt!rom t e Pi o ell. ! t e all is o,ever setup in t e ma ro ell t e 0CS parameter,ill result in 0CS andover to t e Pi o ell. !ter su event t e $S ,ill remain

amped on t e Pi o ell as t e Pi o ell does not measure on nort ern sites>neig *our relations are /single ).

(+& 7 ! a $S is po,ered do,n , ilst amped on t e Pi o ell >user may ,is toarge *attery) t e $S ,ill maintain t e idle BCC0 list. en t e p one po,ers up

it ,ill sear !or arriers in t e stored list namely t e Pi o ell and t e sout ern site.& e $S ,ill t ere!ore in all likeli ood remain amped to t e Pi o ell. & ismet odology applies to p ase 1 and p ase 2 mo*iles.

13%3) 5cti'e Mode

&o ontrol tra!!i in a tive mode use t e 0ierar i al Cell Stru ture1 Layer 1 > ig priority) ell.2 Layer 2 >medium priority) ell.

% Layer % >lo, priority) ell.

& e 0ierar i al ell stru tures !eature in C$ 2= "5 allo,s *uilding a net,ork in at,o6 or t ree6layered stru ture. & e ig er layers an *e used !or large ells and t elo,er !or small ells. it t is !eature t e planning !or a ell stru ture in layers ,ill

*e ome easier3 due to t e *uilt6in priority *et,een t e layers. Cells in layer 1 ave ig er priority t an ells in layer 23 , i in turn ave ig er priority t an ells in layer %.

Signal strengt t res old used as riterion , en anding over to t e ell !rom a ig erlayer >lo,er priority) ell or vi e versa.L H&0" takes a positive value3 , i represents t e orresponding negative value in

al ulations. L H&0" is only valid !or layer 1 and layer 2 ells.

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14) +onclusion

& ere is no single solution !or all Pi o ell appli ations. & ere are a variety o! met odologies in , i to provide overage !or in6door appli ations. & e solution re-uired ,ould *e de ided t roug *ot !inan ial

and te ni al inputs. 0aving identi!ied t e !easi*le solution3 a distri*uted "# plan is re-uired. & is planmust meet aspe ts o! overage3 apa ity and ontainment. n order to veri!y t ese re-uirements a sitesurvey is re-uired in , i t e "# plan is simulated ,it test transmitters.S ould t e survey reveal inade-ua ies in terms o! t e latter re-uirements t e "# medium and plan needs to

*e revised until t e simulated installation meets re-uirements.+n e t e site is omplete an optimi


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Last Saved +n7 25 (ovem*er3 199

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Pico Cell Planning Design and Installation