PILOT DASHBOAR D 2014 - World Bankpubdocs.worldbank.org/pubdocs/publicdoc/2015/2/...operations in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Papua New Guinea to responding to sub-national

2014M O N I T O R I N G DASHBOARD

TRACKING RESULTS AND FUND-LEVEL IMPACT

STATE- AND PEACE-BUILDING FUND

P I L O T

ACHIEVEMENT OF THE WORLD BANK’S TWIN GOALS

of ending poverty and promoting shared prosperity will

require signifi cant progress on development outcomes in

fragile- and confl ict-affected situations around the world. The

State- and Peace-Building Fund (SPF), established in 2008,

and its predecessors, the Post-Confl ict Fund (PCF) and Low-

Income Countries Under Stress Trust Fund (LICUS), have been

the Bank’s largest global multi-donor trust funds to respond

to the challenges of fragility, confl ict, and violence (FCV).

Over the past two decades, these funds have worked

as pathfi nders in some of the world’s most challenging

development contexts providing fl exible support to countries

without access to other sources of Bank funding. They have

pioneered frontier development approaches that have been

brought to scale, promoted partnerships, and captured

and disseminated knowledge and learning. Many of the

recommendations of the 2011 World Development Report:

Confl ict, Security, and Development and much of the Bank’s

current operational work in FCV settings have their roots in

pilot PCF, LICUS, and SPF grants.

Unique to the SPF as an instrument in the hands

of World Bank teams is that it allows us to test new

approaches, to take risks, and to expand engagement with

FCV clients in areas that may initially be beyond the reach of

a traditional Bank operation. Lessons from the SPF portfolio

are infl uencing the way the Bank does business. From laying

the foundations for future engagement in Somalia and

Zimbabwe to piloting approaches that became mainstream

operations in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Papua

New Guinea to responding to sub-national confl ict challenges

in East Asia and the Pacifi c to supporting host communities in

Lebanon and Jordan affected by the Syrian refugee crisis, the

impact of the SPF has reached far beyond the modest grant

funding it provides.

I am pleased to share with you the SPF’s inaugural

Monitoring Dashboard—a pilot tool to better track Fund-level

progress and results. The Dashboard was a recommendation

of the SPF’s Mid-Term Review to address a gap in the Fund’s

ability to systematically capture results across its diverse

global portfolio. The print version of this Dashboard will

be complemented by a web-based, interactive version to

facilitate real-time monitoring of portfolio data and results.

I am also delighted to see that there is strong and rising

demand for SPF resources from diverse FCV clients and Bank

teams. As we go to print, the SPF’s initial contributions of

US$222 million through fi scal year 2014 are nearly fully

committed so this is an ideal moment to refl ect on the SPF’s

performance and results thus far.

With World Bank Group and new IDA 17 commitments,

the Bank is increasingly integrating work on FCV into its

core business. SPF brings to this commitment its fl exibility

and responsiveness to urgent needs so it remains a key

complement to the Bank’s overall surge in support. By

tracking results and learning from the SPF portfolio, we plan

to continue to evolve the Fund to meet new peace- and state-

building challenges.

Betty BigombeSenior Director, Fragility, Confl ict, and Violence GroupChair, State- and Peace-Building Fund CommitteeWorld Bank Group

S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4I V

AfDB African Development BankAFR Africa RegionBB Bank budgetCAS Country Assistance StrategyCDD Community-driven developmentCSO Civil society organizationDFID Department for International Development (U.K.)DIME Development Impact Evaluation InitiativeEAP East Asia and Pacifi c RegionECA Eastern Europe and Central Asia RegionEU European UnionFAO Food and Agriculture OrganizationFCV Fragility, confl ict, and violenceGBV Gender-based violenceHIPC Heavily Indebted Poor CountriesIADB Inter-American Development BankIDP Internally displaced personsICT Information and communication technologiesIMF International Monetary FundIDA International Development AssociationIEG Independent Evaluation GroupINGO International non-governmental organizationKTF Korean Trust Fund for Economic and Peace-Building TransitionsLAC Latin American and Caribbean RegionLICUS Low-Income Countries Under Stress Trust FundMENA Middle East and North Africa RegionMDTF Multi-Donor Trust FundMICs Middle-income countriesMTR Mid-Term ReviewNGO Non-governmental organizationRKL Research, knowledge, and learningSA South Asia RegionSGBV Sexual and gender-based violenceSPF State- and Peace-Building FundWDR World Development Report

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMSFor more information on the work of State- and Peace-building Fund, please contact:

The State- and Peace-building Fund (SPF)Fragility, Confl ict and Violence Group

Washington, D.C. The World Bank 1818 H Street, NWWashington, D.C, 20433 USA

Nairobi Delta Center Menengai RoadUpper Hill PO Box 30577-00100 Nairobi, Kenya

Telephone: +1 202 458 2426E-mail: [email protected] address: www.worldbank.org/fragilityandconflict

ACKNOLWEDGMENTS

The State- and Peace-Building Fund Pilot Monitoring Dashboard was prepared by a core team that included David Andersson, Holly Benner, Zainiddin Karaev, Matthias Mayr, Moira Ratchford, Milena Stefanova, and Puteri Watson. The Dashboard draws inspiration from the Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund Scorecard as an innovative approach for tracking Fund-level progress. We also thank Roisin de Burca, Marcelo Fabre, Niels Harild, Joel Hellman, Markus Kostner, Dale Lautenbach, Nick Marwell, Reidun Otteroy Kyle Peters, Caroline Sergeant, Radhika Srinivasan and Yongmei Zhou for their guidance to the SPF Team. We wish to extend our gratitude to our SPF partners and donors and the SPF Committee for contributing their expertise, leadership, and time to the Fund and to ensuring high-quality SPF grant-making. Finally, and most importantly, we wish to extend our thanks to our SPF teams and to the institutions implementing SPF grants, for your commitment to advancing innovative state- and peace-building programming across the world.

S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4 V

INTRODUCTION

1.1 About the SPF

1.2 The SPF’s Role

1.3 Types of Applications

1.4 SPF Secretariat and Governance Arrangements

1.5 Findings of the SPF Mid-Term Review

1.6 About the SPF Monitoring Dashboard

1.7 Structure of the Dashboard

PILLAR 1: Progress on SPF Fund-Level Results

2.1 Pillar Overview

2.2 Promoting FCV-Sensitive Strategies

2.3 Building Partnerships

2.4 Piloting New Approaches to Results and Risk

2.5 Rapid Response and Early Confi dence Building

2.6 Catalytic Support for Institution Building

2.7 Capturing and Disseminating Knowledge

PILLAR 2: Tracking State-Building and Peace-Building Results

3.1 Pillar Overview

3.2 The SPF’s State-Building and Peace-Building Objectives

3.3 Contribution to State-Building Results

3.4 Contributions to Peace-Building Results

3.5 Regional Focus and Distribution of State-Building and

Peace-Building Objectives

PILLAR 3: Financial and Portfolio Results

4.1 Pillar Overview

4.2 SPF Financial Status

4.3 SPF Projects—Processing and Implementation

4.4 SPF Project Ratings and Reporting

C O N T E N T SSTATE- AND PEACE-BUILDING FUNDPILOT MONITORING DASHBOARD2014

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PAGE 8

PAGE 26

PAGE 38

S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4V I

FIGURES

Figure 1: Share of SPF fi nancing to countries with limited or no access to other sources of World Bank fi nancing for FCV-related activities in US$

Figure 3: New grants by region (FY09-FY14) in US$Figure 2: SPF Financing to World Bank regions (FY09-FY14) in US$Figure 4: The SPF Results FrameworkFigure 5: SPF Fund-level resultsFigure 6: FCV contexts that SPF projects address per region in number of

grantsFigure 7: Share of SPF grants that are part of strategic initiatives in

US$ Figure 8: The share of new SPF grants as part of strategic initiatives over

timeFigure 9: Types of SPF grant recipients in US$ millionsFigure 10: SPF MDTF transfers compared to non-MDTF grants by fi scal

year Figure 11: Share of SPF projects that are pilot initiatives or testing new

approaches in US$ Figure 12: Emergency or rapid response SPF projects in US$Figure 13: SPF projects with institution or capacity building components in

US$Figure 14: SPF projects focusing exclusively on RKL objectives in US$ Figure 15: SPF projects with RKL componentsFigure 16: Mapping of project-level objectives to the SPF’s state- and

peace-building resultsFigure 17: Mapping of project-level objectives to the SPF’s state- and

peace-building resultsFigure 18: Mapping of SPF projects to state-building results by fi scal year

grant activatedFigure 19: Mapping of SPF portfolio to state-building results by number of

grantsFigure 20: Mapping of SPF projects to peace-building results by fi scal year

grant activatedFigure 21: Mapping of SPF portfolio to peace-building results by number of

grantsFigure 22: The relative distribution of project state-building objectives by

region, Africa and MENAFigure 23: The relative distribution of project peace-building objectives by

region, Africa and MENAFigure 24: The relative distribution of project state-building objectives by

region, LAC and EAPFigure 25: The relative distribution of project peace-building objectives by

region, LAC and EAPFigure 26: The relative distribution of project state-building objectives by

region, ECA and SAFigure 27: The relative distribution of project peace-building objectives by

region, ECA and SAFigure 28: SPF contributions by donors FY09-FY14 (in US$ millions)Figure 29: SPF contributions by donors FY09-FY14 (in %)Figure 30: New grants by region (FY09-FY14) in US$Figure 31: FY14 grant making to countries with limited or no access to

other Bank fi nancing for FCV activities in US$Figure 32: SPF project disbursements by fi scal year, in US$Figure 33: Turnover of task team leadersFigure 34: SPF project processing and implementation timelines by region

in daysFigure 35: SPF project processing and implementation timelines by fi scal

year in daysFigure 36: SPF project ratings and reportingFigure 37: Overall status of SPF portfolio ratings

BOXES

Box 1: Summary of SPF MTR fi ndings and recommendationsBox 2: SPF Fund-level results and sample performance indicatorsBox 3: Varied approaches to SPF fi nancing across regions Box 4: List of strategic initiatives endorsed by the SPF CommitteeBox 5: Types of strategic support provided by the SPF – illustrative

examplesBox 6: Varied recipient agencies of SPF grants Box 7: List of SPF MDTF transfersBox 8: Illustrative examples—SPF support for select MDTFsBox 9: Innovative M&E in the SPF portfolioBox 10: Closed projects continued or scaled up Box 11: Findings of the MTR on RKL Box 12: The SPF’s RKL projectsBox 13: Defi nitions of state building and peace buildingBox 14: State-building and peace-building objectives and types of

activities Box 15: SPF projects – sample state-building resultsBox 16: SPF projects – sample peace-building resultsBox 17: State building and peace building in AfricaBox 18: State building and peace building in the Middle East and North

AfricaBox 19: State building and peace building in Latin America Box 20: State building and peace building in East Asia and the

Pacifi c Box 21: State building and peace building in Eastern Europe and Central

Asia Box 22: State building and peace building in South AsiaBox 23: MTR fi ndings on project processing speedBox 24: Timelines for SPF project implementationBox 25: The World Bank Group rating system

FEATURES

Feature 1: Somalia – SPF Strategic Initiative for Somalia Re-EngagementFeature 2: SPF Fund-Level PartnershipsFeature 3: The Evidence for Peace InitiativeFeature 4: SPF Support fo Respond to the Syrian Refugees Feature 5: Innovative Approaches to Institution BuildingFeature 6: SPF-fi nanced Asia Foundation study on sub-national confl ict

PHOTO CREDITS

Cover: UN Photo by Tobin Jonesp. iii: World Bank photo by Arne Hoelp. 6: UN Photo by Tobin Jonesp. 11: UN Photo by Stuart Pricep.17: UN Photo by Isaac Billyp.18: World Bank photo by Holly Bennerp.19: UN Photo by Mark Gartenp. 21: Beitbridge Emergency Water Supply and Sanitation Projectp. 23: Asia Foundation 2013p. 25: World Bank photo by Dominic Chavezp. 31: Alessandro Casagrande, Creative Commons 2009p. 40: World Bank photo by Dominic Chavezp. 44: World Bank photo by Jean-Martin Brault

ILLUSTRATIONS AND ANNEX

PERF H

ERESCO

RE AN

D

FOLD

HERE

TRIM H

ERE(RIG

HT ED

GE)

STATE- AND PEACE-BUILDING FUNDUS$ fund value222

grants

94US$ million

Program m

anagement

budget is

8.4

US$ million in grants

The SPF has approved

214

countries worldwide

Projects in

34

IN NUMBERS AND FIGURES

DURING FY14, OVER 88% OF SPF FUNDS W

ENT TO COUNTRIES WITH LIMITED OR NO ACCESS TO OTHER BANK FINANCING

SPF FINANCING TO WORLD BANK REGIONS, FY09-14

SPF PROJECT LEVEL RATINGS: MAJORITY OF RATED SPF

PROJECTS ARE SATISFACTORY OR MODERATELY SATISFACTORY

Moderately Satisfactory28%

Satisfactory68%

Moderately unsatisfactory4%

East Asia and PacificUS$19.3 m

illion9%

Latin America and the

CaribbeanUS $21.9 m

illion10%

South AsiaUS$4.2 m

illion2%W

orldUS$7.1 m

illion3%

AfricaUS$101.8 m

illion46%

Europe and Central Asia

US$15.8 million

7%

Middle East and North Africa US$50.2 m

illion23%

SPF financing to countries with lim

ited/no alternative Bank funding source,

US$62.6 million 88%

Arrears, US$29.8 m

illion42%

Regional/Global program TF

US$327,0001%

IBRD—wouldn’t

borrow for FCV activities,

US$30.2 million42%

Non-Member

US$2.3 million

3%

Other: pilot, innovative, urgent

need grants, US$8.8 m

illion12%

NEW GRANTS BY REGION (FY09-FY14) IN MILLION US$—

THERE HAS BEEN A SURGE OF SPF GRANT-MAKING IN FY14

SPF DISBURSEMENTS FY9-14—

DISBURSEMENTS HAVE STEADILY

INCREASED WITH PORTFOLIO AGE. THE SPF IS 66%

DISBURSED.

EAPAFR

ECALAC

MENASA

Since FY13, SPF grant making to Africa and the Middle East has increased sharply, including large

investments in Som

alia and to respond to the Syrian refugee crisis. The SPF’s portfolio in East Asia and the Pacific, Latin Am

erica, and Europe and Central Asia also continues to grow.

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

50454035302520151050

FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14

120

100806040200

RESULTSSPF O

BJECTIVE: To address the needs of state and local governance and peace-building in fragile and conflict-prone and affected situations

STATE- AND

PEACE-BUILDIN

G RESULTS

SPF PROJECT CO

NTRIBUTIO

NS

In FY14, there has been a surge in SPF projects that prom

ote public financial managem

ent, including of extractive industries (in eastern D

RC, Sudan, and Som

alia); use comm

unity-driven development

and service delivery models to enhance social

cohesion and state-society relations (in southern Thailand, Kyrgyz Republic, Sudan, and in supporting com

munities in Lebanon and Jordan hosting Syrian

refugees); and youth engagement projects

(ECA region).

FY14 has also seen an increase in justice-related program

ming w

ith SPF investments in urban violence

prevention in Central America and job creation

and livelihood development for conflict-affected

populations (in eastern DRC, W

est Bank and Gaza,

Somalia, and Sudan).

FUND

-LEVEL RESULTS—ACHIEVEM

ENTS

The SPF serves diverse and strategic fragility, conflict, and violence needs across regions.

O

ver 74% of grants have gone to countries w

ith limited

or no access to other Bank financing for FCV response.

Over 40%

of projects are piloting new activities and

interventions.

Strategic initiatives—packages of support behind a

transformative peace- or state-building strategy—

m

ake up an increasing portion of the SPF portfolio.

SPF grants are implem

ented by a diverse range of partners (governm

ents, NG

Os, international

organizations, academic institutions).

STATE- AND

PEACE-BUILDIN

G RESULTS

PORTFO

LIO G

APS—SPF PRO

JECT CO

NTRIBUTIO

NS

The SPF portfolio is lim

ited in direct support to building institutional capacity of the justice sector as w

ell as in advancing pilot Bank support to public financial m

anagement of the security sector.

W

hile the SPF has innovative projects in the Philippines/M

indanao and Colombia to support peace processes

and implem

entation, the portfolio overall is limited in

exploring Bank support for the successful negotiation and im

plementation of the socio-econom

ic dimensions of

peace and transition agreements.

Projects under a recently endorsed m

ulti-country strategic initiative on gender-based violence w

ill further enhance the SPF’s gender focus.

FUND

-LEVEL RESULTS—CHALLEN

GES

W

ith a limited know

ledge and learning budget, the SPF has only financed lim

ited analytic or systematic

evaluation work on frontier FCV them

es comm

on to the SPF portfolio.

The SPF’s processing and im

plementation speeds are

not well m

atched with the risks and dynam

ism of

delivery in FCV contexts.

SPF CON

TRIBUTION

S TO CO

UNTRY/REG

ION

AL-LEVEL RESULTS

2.1 Public financial managem

ent

28

2.2 Justice

2.3 Policy formulation

3.3 Social cohesion

3.4 Gender

3.5 Resilience to external stress

2.4 State-society relations

2.5 Service delivery

3.1 Jobs & private sector

development

3.2 Peace and transition agreem

ents

STATE-BUILDIN

GPEACE-BUILD

ING

12

25406 32

17 392131

FUN

D-LEVEL RESU

LTS

1.1 Promote FCV-

Sensitive Strategies1.2 Foster

Partnerships 1.3 Take Risks and

Monitor Results

1.4 Respond to Urgent N

eed1.5 Strengthen

Institutions1.6 Capture and

Dissem

inate Know

ledge


ON-TRACKOFF-TRACK

MONITOR

RESULTS INDICATORS KEY:

Note: The circled numbers above indicate the num

ber of SPF grants that contribute to each objective. One SPF project can contribute to multiple results.

PERF H

ERESCO

RE AN

D

FOLD

HERE

TRIM H

ERE(RIG

HT ED

GE)

STATE- AND PEACE-BUILDING FUNDUS$ fund value222

grants

94US$ million

Program m

anagement

budget is

8.4

US$ million in grants

The SPF has approved

214

countries worldwide

Projects in

34

IN NUMBERS AND FIGURES

DURING FY14, OVER 88% OF SPF FUNDS W

ENT TO COUNTRIES WITH LIMITED OR NO ACCESS TO OTHER BANK FINANCING

SPF FINANCING TO WORLD BANK REGIONS, FY09-14

SPF PROJECT LEVEL RATINGS: MAJORITY OF RATED SPF

PROJECTS ARE SATISFACTORY OR MODERATELY SATISFACTORY


Satisfactory68%

Moderately unsatisfactory4%

East Asia and PacificUS$19.3 m

illion9%

Latin America and the

CaribbeanUS $21.9 m

illion10%

South AsiaUS$4.2 m

illion2%W

orldUS$7.1 m

illion3%

AfricaUS$101.8 m

illion46%


US$15.8 million

7%

Middle East and North Africa US$50.2 m

illion23%

SPF financing to countries with lim

ited/no alternative Bank funding source,

US$62.6 million 88%

Arrears, US$29.8 m

illion42%

Regional/Global program TF

US$327,0001%

IBRD—wouldn’t

borrow for FCV activities,

US$30.2 million42%

Non-Member

US$2.3 million

3%


need grants, US$8.8 m

illion12%

NEW GRANTS BY REGION (FY09-FY14) IN MILLION US$—

THERE HAS BEEN A SURGE OF SPF GRANT-MAKING IN FY14

SPF DISBURSEMENTS FY9-14—

DISBURSEMENTS HAVE STEADILY

INCREASED WITH PORTFOLIO AGE. THE SPF IS 66%

DISBURSED.

EAPAFR

ECALAC

MENASA

Since FY13, SPF grant making to Africa and the Middle East has increased sharply, including large

investments in Som

alia and to respond to the Syrian refugee crisis. The SPF’s portfolio in East Asia and the Pacific, Latin Am

erica, and Europe and Central Asia also continues to grow.

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

50454035302520151050


120

100806040200

RESULTSSPF O

BJECTIVE: To address the needs of state and local governance and peace-building in fragile and conflict-prone and affected situations

STATE- AND

PEACE-BUILDIN

G RESULTS

SPF PROJECT CO

NTRIBUTIO

NS

In FY14, there has been a surge in SPF projects that prom

ote public financial managem

ent, including of extractive industries (in eastern D

RC, Sudan, and Som

alia); use comm

unity-driven development

and service delivery models to enhance social

cohesion and state-society relations (in southern Thailand, Kyrgyz Republic, Sudan, and in supporting com

munities in Lebanon and Jordan hosting Syrian

refugees); and youth engagement projects

(ECA region).

FY14 has also seen an increase in justice-related program

ming w

ith SPF investments in urban violence

prevention in Central America and job creation

and livelihood development for conflict-affected

populations (in eastern DRC, W

est Bank and Gaza,

Somalia, and Sudan).

FUND

-LEVEL RESULTS—ACHIEVEM

ENTS

The SPF serves diverse and strategic fragility, conflict, and violence needs across regions.

O

ver 74% of grants have gone to countries w

ith limited

or no access to other Bank financing for FCV response.

Over 40%

of projects are piloting new activities and

interventions.

Strategic initiatives—packages of support behind a

transformative peace- or state-building strategy—

m

ake up an increasing portion of the SPF portfolio.

SPF grants are implem

ented by a diverse range of partners (governm

ents, NG

Os, international

organizations, academic institutions).

STATE- AND

PEACE-BUILDIN

G RESULTS

PORTFO

LIO G

APS—SPF PRO

JECT CO

NTRIBUTIO

NS

The SPF portfolio is lim

ited in direct support to building institutional capacity of the justice sector as w

ell as in advancing pilot Bank support to public financial m

anagement of the security sector.

W

hile the SPF has innovative projects in the Philippines/M

indanao and Colombia to support peace processes

and implem

entation, the portfolio overall is limited in

exploring Bank support for the successful negotiation and im

plementation of the socio-econom

ic dimensions of

peace and transition agreements.

Projects under a recently endorsed m

ulti-country strategic initiative on gender-based violence w

ill further enhance the SPF’s gender focus.

FUND

-LEVEL RESULTS—CHALLEN

GES

W

ith a limited know

ledge and learning budget, the SPF has only financed lim

ited analytic or systematic

evaluation work on frontier FCV them

es comm

on to the SPF portfolio.

The SPF’s processing and im

plementation speeds are

not well m

atched with the risks and dynam

ism of

delivery in FCV contexts.

SPF CON

TRIBUTION

S TO CO

UNTRY/REG

ION

AL-LEVEL RESULTS

2.1 Public financial managem

ent

28

2.2 Justice


3.3 Social cohesion

3.4 Gender




3.1 Jobs & private sector

development

3.2 Peace and transition agreem

ents

STATE-BUILDIN

GPEACE-BUILD

ING

12

25406 32

17 392131

FUN

D-LEVEL RESU

LTS

1.1 Promote FCV-

Sensitive Strategies1.2 Foster

Partnerships 1.3 Take Risks and

Monitor Results

1.4 Respond to Urgent N

eed1.5 Strengthen

Institutions1.6 Capture and

Dissem

inate Know

ledge


ON-TRACKOFF-TRACK

MONITOR

RESULTS INDICATORS KEY:

Note: The circled numbers above indicate the num

ber of SPF grants that contribute to each objective. One SPF project can contribute to multiple results.

S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4 1

S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 42

INTRODUCTION

ABOUT THE SPF

THE STATE- AND PEACE-BUILDING FUND (SPF) is the World Bank’s largest global, multi-donor trust fund (MDTF) to support projects that contribute to prevention and recovery from confl ict and fragility. Established in 2008, and valued at US$222 million1, the Fund has two objectives:

To support measures to improve governance and institutional performance in countries emerging from, or at risk of sliding into, crisis and arrears, andTo support the reconstruction and development of countries prone to, in, or emerging from confl ict.

THE SPF’S ROLE

THE SPF PROVIDES FLEXIBLE FINANCING to advance the World Bank’s work in confl ict-affected and fragile states. It supports countries with little or no access to other sources of Bank fi nanc-ing for activities related to fragility, confl ict, and violence (FCV); pioneers frontier development approaches that have been brought

to scale; and captures and disseminates knowledge. Funding from the SPF is available to all World Bank member countries as well as countries in arrears and non-member countries on a case-by-case basis. The Fund is active in 34 countries and also fi nances regional and global initiatives.

The SPF makes a unique contribution to the World Bank’s efforts to address FCV. Over 74 percent of the SPF’s funds have gone to countries with limited or no access to other sources of World Bank fi nancing. This includes countries in arrears, such as Somalia and Zimbabwe; non-members, such as West Bank and Gaza; countries whose IDA allocation averaged less than US$13 million between FY9 – FY13, such as Guinea-Bissau; International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) countries that would not borrow for FCV response, such as Lebanon for the Syrian refugee crisis; and regional or global initiatives. The remaining 26 percent of SPF grants have responded to urgent needs or fi nanced pilot state- and peace-building initiatives—for example, addressing gender-based violence (GBV) in Côte d’Ivoire, improving access to justice in Liberia, or piloting social cohesion approaches through community-driven development (CDD) in Kyrgyz Republic.

FIGURE 1: SHARE OF SPF FINANCING TO COUNTRIES WITH LIMITED OR NO ACCESS TO OTHER SOURCES OF WORLD BANK FINANCING FOR FCV-RELATED ACTIVITIES IN US$

SPF funding to countries with limited/no access to other Bank fi nancing for

FCV response, US$157.3 million

74%

Non-member US$6 million

3%

Arrears US$53.6 million

25%

average IDA allocation < US$13 million (FY9-12)

US$26.1 million 12%

Re-engagingUS$10 million5%

Regional/global programUS$9.1 million4%

IBRD—special FCV casesUS$52.6 million24%


need grants, US$56.7 million

26%

1 All data in the SPF Dashboard are as of July 31, 2014 unless otherwise noted.


The SPF focuses on partnerships and works through a diverse range of implementing agencies, including national and local governments, national and international non-governmental orga-nizations (NGOs), universities and research institutions, and inter-national institutions, including the United Nations. The SPF seeks to foster greater coordination between development, security, and humanitarian actors, and to advance the New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States, a partnership framework between donors and leaders of FCV-affected countries. The SPF also coordinates with other global funds focused on confl ict response, including the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund.

TYPES OF APPLICATIONS

The SPF accepts two types of applications:

1. STRATEGIC INITIATIVES—packages of assistance in support of a transformative country, regional, or thematic strategy that tackles state- or peace-building challenges. Strategic initiatives were introduced in FY12 to increase the impact and catalytic value of the Fund and in response to the 2011 World Development Report (WDR): Confl ict, Security, and Development.

2. STAND-ALONE PROJECTS—the SPF continues to accept stand-alone project applications that fulfi ll at least one of the following criteria:

Urgent need: the project responds to a need linked to active confl ict, violence, disaster, or other urgent condition;Rare opportunity: the project takes advantage of a rare window of opportunity created by a signifi cant transformative moment; commitments by partners, governments, or other counterparts; or other extraor-dinary developments in the country or region; orHighly innovative or experimental: the proj-ect represents a highly innovative or experimental approach that would create unique technical or operational knowledge for working in FCV contexts.

The typical SPF grant is between US$2 and US$5 million—the SPF was designed as a laboratory to experiment with relatively small grants to explore new development approaches to FCV challenges.

SPF SECRETARIAT AND GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS

THE SPF COMMITTEE is the Fund’s governing body and is responsible for all fi nal grant approvals. It is composed of senior representatives and FCV technical specialists from across the Bank and meets regularly to review projects and provide strategic guid-ance. The Committee Chair is also the Senior Director of the World Bank’s Fragility, Confl ict, and Violence Group (FCVG).

With staff based in Washington D.C. and Nairobi, the SPF Secretariat operates from within the FCVG and manages day-to-day operations of the Fund. This includes support to task teams that are preparing projects, processing grants, monitoring and evaluating the SPF portfolio, and promoting knowledge exchange and learning.

FINDINGS OF THE SPF MID-TERM REVIEW

THE SPF CARRIED OUT A MID-TERM REVIEW (MTR) in 2012 with the objective of “assessing the degree to which the SPF has achieved its original objectives and is ‘fi t for purpose’ moving forward, given the new ways of working in fragile- and confl ict-affected situations and the strategic direction given by the 2011 WDR: Confl ict, Security, and Development.” (See Box 1 for MTR recommended reforms.) A key recommendation of the MTR was the creation of a monitoring system or “Dashboard” for the SPF portfolio based on the SPF Results Framework to track portfolio performance and draw lessons from SPF interventions.

ABOUT THE SPF MONITORING DASHBOARD

THE SPF MONITORING DASHBOARD is designed to provide critical cross-portfolio information on Fund-level progress to SPF clients, donors, Secretariat, Committee, task teams, and other part-ners and stakeholders. The objectives of the SPF Dashboard include the following:

provide the Secretariat with a user-friendly tool for monitoring portfolio performance and to systematically collect project-level results and identify delays and bottlenecks;encourage alignment of the SPF portfolio with the SPF Results Framework, with a focus on achieving peace- and state-building results;generate SPF lessons and compile Fund-level results to report back to SPF stakeholders;ensure that innovations and piloting from SPF project experi-ences are captured and shared across the portfolio and more broadly across the Bank and with clients and partners; andpilot new ways to measure progress in FCV settings.

The Dashboard uses the SPF Results Framework (see the fol-lowing page) as a foundation for reporting Fund-level progress. This revamped framework was introduced as part of the SPF’s 2012 Engagement Strategy to guide the selection of both strategic initia-tives and stand-alone projects. All SPF proposals are now required to provide a rationale for how the proposed intervention contributes to SPF results. The framework was derived from the SPF’s founding documents and Board Paper as well as fi ndings from the 2011 WDR.

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TURKEY

SYRIAIRAQ

SAUDI ARABIA

JORDAN

ISRAEL

WEST BANK& GAZA

LEBANON

IRAN

AZERBAIJAN

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZ REPUBLICUZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AFGHANISTAN

TAJIKISTAN

PAKISTAN

INDIA

SRI LANKA

NEPAL

CHINA

BHUTAN

BANGLADESHBURMA

LAOS

THAILAND

CAMBODIAVIETNAM

MALAYSIA

BRUNEI

INDONESIA

SOLOMONISLANDS

INDONESIA

EAST TIMOR

PHILIPPINES

NORTH KOREA

SOUTH KOREA JAPAN

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

GEORGIAARMENIA

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

BRAZIL

FRENCH GUIANASURINAME

GUYANAVENEZUELA

COLOMBIA

PANAMACOSTA RICA

HONDURAS

EL SALVADOR

BELIZEGUATEMALA

CUBADOMINICAN REPUBLIC

HAITIJAMAICA

THE BAHAMAS

ECUADOR

PERU

BOLIVIA

PARAGUAY

URUGUAY

CHILE

ARGENTINA

NICARAGUA

ETHIOPIA

DJIBOUTI

SOMALIAKENYA

UGANDA

RWANDABURUNDI

TANZANIA

REP. OFTHE CONGO

GABON

CAMEROON

NIGERIA

NIGERMALI

BURKINAFASO

GHANACOTED’IVOIRE

LIBERIA

SIERRA LEONE

GUINEAGUINEA BISSAU

THE GAMBIASENEGAL

MAURITANIA

WESTERNSAHARA

ALGERIA

MOROCCO

LIBYAEGYPT

TUNISIA

TOGO

BENIN

ANGOLAZAMBIA

ZIMBABWE

MALAWI

MOZAMBIQUE MADAGASCAR

COMOROS

BOTSWANA

SWAZILAND

LESOTHOSOUTH AFRICA

NAMIBIA

ERITREA

SUDAN

SOUTH SUDAN

CHAD

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

BOS. & HER.

CROATIA

ALB.

MONT.

MAC.

LUX.

KOSOVO

1

2

1

5

143

21 11

3

5 2

2

11

4

2

11

1

1

2

1

4

2

1

2

2

33

4

1

4

SPF GRANTS, 2008-2014NUMBER OF GRANTS SHOWN IN BOXES

INDIA

SRI LANKA

AFREAPECA LAC MENASA

Since FY13, SPF grant making to Africa and the Middle East has increased sharply, including large investments in Somalia and to respond to the Syrian refugee crisis. The SPF’s portfolio in East Asia and the Pacifi c, Latin America, and Europe and Central Asia also continues to grow.FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

FIGURE 2: NEW GRANTS BY REGION (FY09-FY14) IN MILLION US$


TURKEY

SYRIAIRAQ

SAUDI ARABIA

JORDAN

ISRAEL

WEST BANK& GAZA

LEBANON

IRAN

AZERBAIJAN

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZ REPUBLICUZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AFGHANISTAN

TAJIKISTAN

PAKISTAN

INDIA

SRI LANKA

NEPAL

CHINA

BHUTAN

BANGLADESHBURMA

LAOS

THAILAND

CAMBODIAVIETNAM

MALAYSIA

BRUNEI

INDONESIA

SOLOMONISLANDS

INDONESIA

EAST TIMOR

PHILIPPINES

NORTH KOREA

SOUTH KOREA JAPAN

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

GEORGIAARMENIA

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

BRAZIL

FRENCH GUIANASURINAME

GUYANAVENEZUELA

COLOMBIA

PANAMACOSTA RICA

HONDURAS

EL SALVADOR

BELIZEGUATEMALA

CUBADOMINICAN REPUBLIC

HAITIJAMAICA

THE BAHAMAS

ECUADOR

PERU

BOLIVIA

PARAGUAY

URUGUAY

CHILE

ARGENTINA

NICARAGUA

ETHIOPIA

DJIBOUTI

SOMALIAKENYA

UGANDA

RWANDABURUNDI

TANZANIA

REP. OFTHE CONGO

GABON

CAMEROON

NIGERIA

NIGERMALI

BURKINAFASO

GHANACOTED’IVOIRE

LIBERIA

SIERRA LEONE

GUINEAGUINEA BISSAU

THE GAMBIASENEGAL

MAURITANIA

WESTERNSAHARA

ALGERIA

MOROCCO

LIBYAEGYPT

TUNISIA

TOGO

BENIN

ANGOLAZAMBIA

ZIMBABWE

MALAWI

MOZAMBIQUE MADAGASCAR

COMOROS

BOTSWANA

SWAZILAND

LESOTHOSOUTH AFRICA

NAMIBIA

ERITREA

SUDAN

SOUTH SUDAN

CHAD

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

BOS. & HER.

CROATIA

ALB.

MONT.

MAC.

LUX.

KOSOVO

1

2

1

5

143

21 11

3

5 2

2

11

4

2

11

1

1

2

1

4

2

1

2

2

33

4

1

4

East Asia and Pacifi cUS$19.3 million

9%

Latin America and the Caribbean

US$21.9 million10%

South AsiaUS$4.2 million2%

WorldUS$7.13%

AfricaUS$101.8 million46%


US$15.8 million 7%

Middle East and North Africa US$50.2 million23%

FIGURE 3: SPF FINANCING TO WORLD BANK REGIONS (FY09-FY14) IN US$The SPF has provided fi nancing to all regions, with Africa (46 percent) and the Middle East and North Africa (23 percent) representing the largest shares

S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 46 S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O TP I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4 M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 466

SPF VISION FOR ENGAGEMENT FOR 2013/2014

Support for the operationalization of WDR 2011 by fi nancing strategic and catalytic interventions and leveraging internal and external partnerships to inform and improve development effectiveness in FCV settings.

THE FIVE PRIORITY SPF REFORMS

TRANSFORM

the governance of the SPF to support a more strategic and catalytic role for the Fund

LEVERAGE

partnerships with other FCV-focused Funds to deliver improved results in FCV

BOLSTER

the SPF’s knowledge and learning agenda to capture lessons from new approaches and piloting and ensuring that these are applied more broadly to Bank operations in FCV

UTILIZE

the Fund to pilot “how” the Bank can operate differently in FCV settings, with greater fl exibility for risk-taking and rapid response

ENSURE

the SPF prioritizes support of transformative approaches in FCV that impact the broader Bank portfolio and are directly tied to state- and peace-building results

1 2 3 4 5

The MTR found that the overall performance of the SPF portfolio was moderately satisfactory based on a review against both traditional Bank and countries impacted by fragility, confl ict, and violence (FCV) indicators. This rating draws on evidence from portfolio data as well as information gathered during qualitative consultations and MTR fi eld visits.

introduction

BOX 1: SUMMARY OF SPF MTR FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS


SPF OBJECTIVE: To address the needs of state and local governance and peace-building in fragile and conflict-prone and affected situations

FUND-LEVEL RESULTS

SPF CONTRIBUTIONS TO COUNTRY/REGIONAL-LEVEL RESULTS

1.1 Transformative fragility-sensitive

strategy supported

2.1 More effective, transparent and accountable collection,

management and use of public resources

2.2 Increased access to justice, including capability,

accountability, inclusion in both formal and informal institutions

2.3 Improved capacity for policy formulation, “inclusive-enough”

pacts and strategic communication

3.3 Recovery and (re-) integration of conflict-affected populations

and increased social cohesion

3.4 Gender-sensitive approaches utilized in transforming

institutions and managing stresses

3.5 Resilience built to manage external stresses, including cross-border violence, resource shocks, trafficking, and organized crime

2.4 Increase in demand-side governance, including an

active role for civil society and improved state-society

relations

2.5 Improved capacity to delivery services to promote

confidence building

3.1 Increased employment opportunities and private sector development that

benefits at-risk populations

3.2 Successfully negotiated and implemented peace and

transition agreements

1.2 Partnerships are

strengthened

1.3 New approaches to risk and results in

FCV piloted

1.4 Timely support provided for early

confidence building

1.5 Catalytic support provided for

institution building

1.6 Contributes RKL for

improved ops

STATE-BUILDING PEACE-BUILDING

FIGURE 4: THE SPF RESULTS FRAMEWORK

STRUCTURE OF THE DASHBOARDTHE DASHBOARD is organized around three pillars, the fi rst two of which align with the SPF Results Framework and focus on different areas of results and reporting. Taken together, these pillars provide a comprehensive picture of the overall per-formance of the Fund.

Data has been obtained from a number of standard World Bank documentation and reporting systems, including project

proposals, grant reporting and monitor-ing reports, independent evaluations, and partner reports, as well as interviews with project teams. The Dashboard also draws heavily from SPF Secretariat monitoring and data systems.

The Dashboard is designed to be user-friendly and accessible and will be pub-lished annually. The SPF Secretariat is also exploring options for a web-based version of the Dashboard that will offer access to

data in real time and track ongoing prog-ress of the Fund. The goal of a combined annual publishing of the Dashboard and a companion online monitoring system is to provide a systematic means of monitoring portfolio performance, to allow for mid-course corrections, and to capture and disseminate valuable lessons from SPF activities.

PILLAR 1TRACKING FUND-LEVEL RESULTS

PILLAR 2TRACKING PROJECT CONTRIBUTIONS

TO STATE- AND PEACE-BUILDING RESULTS

PILLAR 3FINANCIAL

AND PORTFOLIO RESULTSTracks the SPF portfolio against the six Fund-level results identifi ed in the results framework. These represent areas where the SPF seeks to advance the World Bank Group’s response to FCV challenges, for example in promoting FCV-sensitive strategies, advancing partnerships, piloting new approaches to risk and results, and capturing and disseminating knowledge from pilot initiatives.

Maps how individual project development objectives are contributing to peace- and state-building results. Pillar 2 provides an overview of the most common areas of SPF programming and provides some illustrative examples of project-level results.

Examines a series of common portfolio indicators (disbursement rates, processing speeds, project-level ratings) to assess the Fund’s performance.

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PILLAR 1 PROGRESS ON SPF FUND-LEVEL RESULTS

PILLAR OVERVIEW

THE SPF WAS ESTABLISHED as the World Bank’s frontier global trust fund to respond to state- and peace-building challenges and to advance the Bank’s work in countries affected by FCV. The Fund was designed to promote partnerships and harmonized donor approaches, provide timely and innovative project support in response to urgent need, and support institution building to increase state and societal resilience to confl ict risk. The SPF is designed to support high-priority state and peace-building activities that could not be fi nanced by regular IDA and IBRD resources or that represent pilot approaches with the potential to be brought to scale. The SPF Results Framework, Fund-Level Results (Tier 1) measures progress of the Fund against these founding principles. Pillar 1 of the Dashboard assesses the Fund’s contributions to these results.

KEY FINDINGS INCLUDE:The SPF serves diverse and strategic FCV needs across regions, from addressing fragility and post-confl ict challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa and crises and political transitions in the Middle East and North Africa to responding to sub-national confl ict in East Asia and urban crime and violence in Latin America. The SPF works in 34 countries and also funds regional and global initiatives.Over 74 percent of total SPF grants have gone to countries with limited or no access to other types of Bank fi nancing, including countries in arrears, non-members, countries whose average IDA allocation was less than US$13 million between FY09–FY12, and IBRD countries that would not borrow for FCV activities.SPF projects are adopting new approaches to FCV challenges, with over 40 percent of projects piloting new activities and interventions.

In response to the 2011 WDR, the SPF introduced strategic initiatives—packages of SPF support behind a transformative peace- or state-building strategy. Strategic initiatives make up an increasing portion of the SPF portfolio.SPF grants are implemented by a broad range of partners (governments, NGOs, United Nations, academic institutions) and SPF projects cultivate partnerships to deliver activities in challenging FCV settings.Support for institution and capacity building features promi-nently in the SPF portfolio and is included as a component in over 60 percent of SPF projects.Over 47 percent of SPF projects have a research, knowledge, and learning (RKL) component and the Secretariat has also promoted cross-portfolio learning as part of its RKL mandate. However, the SPF’s efforts to capture and disseminate lessons on cross-portfolio themes is limited by its lack of committed RKL budget—current analytic activities are fi nanced from the SPF’s Program Management budget.In 2014 the SPF launched Evidence for Peace (E4P) in coop-eration with internal (the World Bank’s Development Impact Evaluation (DIME) and external partners to promote evalua-tions of state- and peace-building projects). However, with limited resources to commit to RKL activities, the SPF has not yet been able to carry out systematic evaluation work on themes common to the SPF portfolio or support project teams with supplemental monitoring and evaluation (M&E) funds.The SPF’s average response and processing speeds are not in line with the Fund’s mandate to serve as a fast and fl exible Fund for FCV respond due to a range of factors related to the Bank’s policies and procedures and the diffi cult, dynamic, and insecure operating environments in FCV settings.

PILLAR II —Tracking State- and

Peace-Building Results

PILLAR I —Tracking Fund-Level Results

PILLAR III —Financial and

Portfolio Results

FUND-LEVEL RESULTS

1.1 Promote FCV-Sensitive Strategies

1.2 Foster Partnerships

1.3 Take Risks and Monitor Results

1.4 Respond to Urgent Need

1.5 Strengthen Institutions

1.6 Capture and Disseminate Knowledge

FIGURE 5: SPF FUND-LEVEL RESULTS

ON-TRACK OFF-TRACK MONITORRESULTS INDICATORS KEY:


Fund level result

1.1PROMOTE FCV-SENSITIVE STRATEGIES

Number and diversity of FCV-sensitive World Bank strategy and programming support across a variety of country contexts—including preventive, post-crisis, fragile, criminal, sub-national, and regional engagements.Investment in strategic initiatives to promote impact of SPF fi nancing on Bank country strategies and portfolios.

Fund level result

1.2FOSTER PARTNERSHIPS

Degree of diversity in recipients of SPF grants: e.g., government, NGO, regional, and international organizations.Percentage of projects that highlight partnership approaches in carrying out activities.Degree of Fund-level cooperation with international partners on the FCV agenda, including the g7+, the United Nations, regional institutions.

Fund level result

1.3TAKE RISKS AND MONITOR RESULTS

Percentage of SPF projects that are “pilots” or test new approaches for FCV settings.Percentage of projects that highlight new and innovative M&E mechanisms to better capture results.

Fund level result

1.4RESPOND TO URGENT NEED

Average SPF project processing timelines.Perceptions of Bank teams on speed of SPF fi nancing and the Fund’s ability to respond to urgent need.

Fund level result

1.5STRENGTHEN INSTITUTIONS

Percentage of projects that focus on strengthening institutional capacity or legitimacy.Number of SPF activities that are continued or scaled up through funding from IDA or other Bank sources or external fi nancing.Number of projects that leverage co-fi nancing or are coordinated with other funding (e.g. UN Peacebuilding Fund).

Fund level result

1.6CAPTURE AND DISSEMINATE KNOWLEDGE

Percentage of project with learning components.Number and impact of RKL activities that draw lessons from the SPF portfolio.Cases where lessons from SPF pilot approaches are applied in future Bank engagements.Number of opportunities provided for cross-portfolio learning, including workshops and exchanges.

BOX 2: SPF FUND-LEVEL RESULTS AND SAMPLE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0AFR EAP LACECA SA WORLDMENA

Cyclical fragility

Post-crisis

Sub-national conflict

Urban crime & violence

FIGURE 6: FCV CONTEXTS THAT SPF PROJECTS ADDRESS PER REGION IN NUMBER OF GRANTSThe SPF is fl exible to address a broad range of FCV challenges based on regional priorities

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promote fcv-sensitive strategiespromote fcv-sensitive strategies

PROMOTING FCV-SENSITIVE STRATEGIES

Responding to diverse FCV challengesIN LINE WITH THE FINDINGS and recommendations of the 2011 WDR, SPF projects address multiple stresses and drivers of confl ict

in varied regional and country contexts worldwide. SPF grants pro-mote a mix of violence prevention activities and post-crisis recovery efforts, and address sub-national confl ict as well as urban crime and violence in middle-income countries. Figure 6 shows the absolute distribution of FCV types targeted by SPF projects, per region.


AFRICA

THE AFRICA REGION has the largest number of SPF grants and operates in a variety of confl ict-affected countries and fragile contexts:

In SOMALIA, an SPF strategic initiative represents the Bank’s country program—with early institution building, knowledge generation, pilot job creation, and economic recovery grants to support a fragile post-confl ict context.An SPF project in CASAMANCE, SENEGAL, addresses a longstanding sub-national confl ict through local peace-building initiatives and empowering rural communities to reduce confl ict drivers.In GUINEA, SPF support targeted fragile institutions—fostering government strategic capacity to implement public fi nancial management and service delivery reforms.

EAST ASIA & PACIFIC

IN THE EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC REGION, the majority of SPF grants focus on addressing drivers of sub-national confl ict and fragility in middle-income countries:

Grants to PAPUA NEW GUINEA, SOUTHERN THAILAND, AND PHILIPPINES/MINDANAO respond to sub-national confl ict by focusing on support to peace processes, increased participation and national-local dialogue, and building capacity of local institutions and civil society actors.SPF projects in the SOLOMON ISLANDS, the only East Asia and the Pacifi c (EAP) country on the Bank’s FCV list, supports mining sector reform and job creation to improve the use of public resources and build citizen confi dence.

EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA

SPF SUPPORT IN THE EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA REGION focuses on youth inclusion, jobs, social cohesion, and CDD.

The EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA (ECA) STRATEGIC INITIATIVE ON FRAGILITY AND CONFLICT addresses longstanding and emerging forms of sub-national and regional fragility, with an emphasis on common drivers of confl ict and fragility in the region, including exclusion, joblessness, ethnic tensions, competition over natural resources, displacement, and state-society relations.In TAJIKISTAN and KOSOVO, SPF fi nancing is geared toward youth inclusion, violence prevention, and employment initiatives.

LATIN AMERICA & THE CARIBBEAN

SPF GRANTS IN THE LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN REGION mainly address issues that pertain to urban crime and violence and post-confl ict reconstruction.

The CENTRAL AMERICA STRATEGIC INITIATIVE ON CITIZEN SECURITY is piloting multisectoral urban violence prevention programming, building regional institutional response, and advancing knowledge capture and exchange in Honduras, Guatemala, and El Salvador.SPF grants in COLOMBIA have supported government efforts at land reform and the restitution of patrimonial assets for displaced persons. A recent SPF MDTF transfer will support peace process implementation through technical assistance and support to nascent institutions.In HAITI, the only fragile state in the region, SPF grants help improve water supply and sanitation, which also contributes to job creation and promotes social stability and confi dence in the state.

MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA

IN RESPONSE TO CRISES AND TRANSITIONS ACROSS THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA in recent years, SPF fi nancing has increased signifi cantly, making the region the second-largest recipient of SPF fi nancing after Africa. Most grants focus on service delivery, income generation, and livelihood development for confl ict-affected, displaced, and marginalized populations.

SPF MDTF transfers to LEBANON and JORDAN provided urgently needed support to build host community resilience to the infl ux of Syrian refugees.SPF activities in LIBYA have focused on support for the transition process and provided fl exible fi nancing for analytical watching briefs and early technical assistance.In IRAQ, SPF support has involved innovative CDD approaches to improve service delivery in Kurdish-dominated regions.In WEST BANK AND GAZA, the SPF has supported water supply and sanitation development for marginalized populations as well as a project to pilot adventure tourism for livelihood development.

SOUTH ASIA

THE SPF HAS LIMITED GRANTS TO THE SOUTH ASIA REGION, primarily due to the presence of other large-scale trust funds, notably the Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund and the Pakistan Multi-Donor Trust Fund for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Federally Administered Tribal Areas, and Balochistan

In NEPAL, the SPF’s Program to Promote the Demand for Good Governance supports a process of political transformation after 10 years of civil war. The SPF grant compliments the Bank’s “supply-side” state-building activities with efforts to strengthen citizen engagement and build civil society and social accountability mechanisms.

BOX 3: VARIED APPROACHES TO SPF FINANCING ACROSS REGIONS

pillar 1: promote fcv-sensitive strategies

S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4 1 1

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GRANTS AS A SHARE OF ENDORSED STRATEGIC INITIATIVES

THE SPF MTR RECOMMENDED that the SPF continue to shift from funding discrete project interventions to enhanced support for “packages” of projects in countries or regions that are engaging in, or committed to a transformative strategy to address fragility, confl ict, or violence. These strategic initiatives are built into coun-

try programs with strong ownership by clients and Bank country teams. In line with the MTR recommendation, the SPF Committee has endorsed seven strategic initiatives totaling US$71 million. The share of new SPF grants that are part of strategic initiatives has risen sharply since their introduction in 2012 and today more than 20 percent of all SPF grants are part of strategic initiatives.

FIGURE 7: SHARE OF SPF GRANTS THAT ARE PART OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES IN US$Strategic initiatives still make up a small percentage of the SPF’s overall portfolio

FEATURE 1: SOMALIA—SPF STRATEGIC INITIATIVE FOR SOMALIA RE-ENGAGEMENT

FY12 FY13 FY14

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

not part of SI part of SI

97%

100%

51%

49%

3%0%

NOT PART OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVEUS$175.8 million80%

PART OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVE

US$44.4 million 20%

SINCE THE COLLAPSE of the state in 1991, Somalia has experienced protracted civil conflict, political fragmentation, and strong internal divisions. But after years of failed attempts to establish peace and undertake national reconciliation, the country has fembarked on a more promising—yet still precarious—transition process. Today, amid signs of political and economic revitalization, Somalia has established a sovereign federal government and passed a provisional constitution. It has also rallied the support of a broad coalition of regional and international partners who are committed to its security and development. As a country in arrears, Bank financing to Somalia is restricted. Because of its flexibility, the SPF is at the heart of the Bank’s emerging role in Somalia through its support to Strategy Initiative for Somalia Re-Engagement (SISR). One of the principal ambitions of the initiative is to finance the objectives of the Interim Strategy Note (ISN) for Somalia and to support implementation of the New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States. SISR also builds on a series of earlier SPF projects operating in Somalia since 2008. This new interim strategy, the first of its kind since 2007, is the basis of the World Bank’s broader support to the new government in Mogadishu and project activities across the country. The SISR is providing support in several areas: analytical partnerships, governance, private sector development, information and communications technologies (ICT), public finance management (PFM), and resilient partnerships.

FIGURE 8: THE SHARE OF NEW SPF GRANTS AS PART OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES OVER TIMEGrant making through strategic initiatives has risen sharply since their introduction in 2012


SPF COMMITTEE-ENDORSED STRATEGIC INITIATIVES # OF PROJECTS DATE ENDORSED AMOUNT, US$

1) STRATEGIC INITIATIVE—SUPPORTING PEACE CONSOLIDATION IN EASTERN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

Piloting activities to inform the design of new IDA operations and the re-alignment of existing Bank projects; supporting ongoing policy dialogue and reform initiatives to promote peace and stability

4 September, 2013 US$8.9 million

2) SUPPORTING PEACE TRANSFORMATION IN COLOMBIA

Strengthening capacity for peace building and planning for a post-peace agreement period by enhancing knowledge services and fi nanc-ing rapid demonstration interventions at the municipal level

2 July, 2013 US$4 million

3) ECA STRATEGIC INITIATIVE ON FRAGILITY AND CONFLICT

Promoting a confl ict-sensitive approach to World Bank strategy and operations in the ECA Region to address underlying sources of fragility and violence

4 June, 2012 US$5.9 million

4) SUDAN: CONSOLIDATING PEACE AND SUPPORTING OPPORTUNITIES FOR PARTICIPATIVE GOVERNANCE / GROWTH

Supporting economic management and diversifi cation; strengthening local governance and confl ict management in areas emerging from confl ict

3 April, 2013 US$12.97 million

5) STRATEGY INITIATIVE FOR SOMALIA RE-ENGAGEMENT

Providing a solid foundation for the World Bank’s expanding re-engagement in Somalia and support for its transition process

7 April, 2013 US$23.8 million

6) ADDRESSING SEXUAL AND GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE IN FRAGILE AND CONFLICT SITUATIONS

Contribute to sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) prevention and provision of services to survivors; foster south-south knowledge sharing to strengthen client capacity to address SGBV in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Papua New Guinea, Georgia, and Afghanistan

6 November, 2013 US$10 million

7) TRANSFORMING CITIZEN SECURITY INSTITUTIONS IN CENTRAL AMERICA’S NORTHERN TRIANGLE

Addresses rising urban violence in Central America, combining education, social services, job creation, youth outreach, and judicial activities in an integrated approach to promoting citizen security

4 April, 2012 US$5 million

TOTAL VALUE OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES: US$70.57 MILLION

BOX 4: LIST OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES ENDORSED BY THE SPF COMMITTEE

pillar 1: promote fcv-sensitive strategies


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hips

foster partnershipsfoster partnerships

The role of SPF grants in country strategies Small SPF grants contribute in various ways to the Bank’s overall engagement with clients affected by FCV. This includes fi nancing pilot

initiatives that can be brought to scale, advancing the Bank’s efforts to address FCV challenges, co-fi nancing grants, and providing crucial funding where no alternative fi nancing is available.

BANK ENGAGEMENT(NO OTHER PROGRAMMING)

The Strategic Initiative for SOMALIA Re-engagement builds on previous SPF grants to Somalia and is at the heart of the Bank’s efforts to support a fragile post-confl ict recovery (see Feature 1).SPF support for ZIMBABWE is premised on its arrears to IBRD and IDA as well as its FCV status. A local governance and service delivery project—the Beitbridge water supply and sanitation project—is one of a handful of trust-funded projects that tests support through national and local institutions.

PILOTING AND LEARNING FOR POSSIBLE SCALING-UP

In TUNISIA, the SPF is piloting participatory approaches in social service delivery and job creation, as well as providing a basis for input to the post-revolution Bank partnership strategy for Tunisia.The DRC Community Recovery and Resilience project contributes to stabilization efforts in eastern DRC and supports the objectives of the country assistance strategy to improve urgent social service delivery and address the development defi cits contributing to fragility and confl ict in the east. It also supports quick experimentation with small projects that, if successful, could be scaled up with IDA funds.

ADVANCING THE BANK’S WORK ON FCV ISSUES

In KOSOVO, an SPF grant for social inclusion and local development is improving the quality and availability of basic community infrastructure and supporting small and micro-enterprise development. The grant enhances Bank resources for working in Kosovo by complementing the IDA funding available for the country.In CÔTE D’IVOIRE, the SPF supports young entrepreneurs and urban job creation in response to a rise in youth unemployment. The grant identifi es new approaches to employment generation and is therefore able to pre-position the Bank’s promotion of sustainable job creation, entrepreneurship and skills-building over the long-term.

COMPLIMENTARY CO-FINANCING

SPF-fi nanced economic governance support in GUINEA-BISSAU is complementing European Union (EU) and Portuguese assistance aimed at boosting the capacity of the Finance Control Directorate through the acquisition of equipment and funding of training for its staff.SPF support for the SOLOMON ISLANDS Rapid Employment project has helped the government boost job creation and facilitate community reconciliation. Co-fi nancing is provided by the Bank-administered Pacifi c Region Infrastructure Facility, and coordinated with the development agencies of Australia and New Zealand, the Asian Development Bank and the EU, all of which have interests in, and activities closely linked to this project.

BOX 5: TYPES OF STRATEGIC SUPPORT PROVIDED BY THE SPF—ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

BUILDING PARTNERSHIPS

BUILDING STRONG PARTNERSHIPS lies at the core of the SPF’s mandate. Partnerships are fundamental to ensure coherence of international community interventions in FCV settings, avoid fragmentation and burden on clients, and focus on comparative advantages at the project and Fund levels.

A focus on varied and complimentary partnershipsAs a trust fund with fl exible procedures and fi nancing arrange-

ments, including the ability to use the United Nations Fiduciary Principles Accord, the SPF is able to engage with a variety of part-ners and grant recipients, including government, NGOs, universities and think tanks, and regional and international institutions. In exceptional circumstances, due to severe capacity constraints and confl ict, the Bank is also able to execute activities on behalf of recipients.


pillar 1: foster partnerships

BEUS$1.8 million, 1%

AcademiaUS$4.8 million, 2%

UNUS$11.5 million, 5%

NGOUS$36.8 million, 17%

MDTF TransferUS$39 million, 18%

INGOUS$14 million, 6%

GovernmentUS$92.3 million, 42%

BE on behalfUS$20.2 million, 9%

FIGURE 9: TYPES OF SPF GRANT RECIPIENTS IN $US MILLIONS

SPF grants are implemented by a broad range of institutions and partners

UNITED NATIONSAGENCIES

DROUGHT MANAGEMENT AND LIVELIHOOD PROJECTWorking with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) on the basis of the Fiduciary Principles Accord, the SPF was able to channel urgently needed funds to Somalia to respond to a 2011 drought that led to food insecurity, acute malnutrition, and displacement.Joint fi nancing from the SPF and Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Response was channeled quickly to the FAO, which was one of the only implementation agencies on the ground with suffi cient reach in south-central Somalia, the region facing the most acute impacts of the famine.

BILATERAL DONOR PARTNERS

ZIMBABWE AGRICULTURAL INPUT PROJECTThis project was fi nanced by the SPF and implemented in partnership with the U.K. Department for International Development (DFID) in close coordination with other donors and development agencies.The project supported the shift from a humanitarian to a “humanitarian plus development” approach, and involved extensive coordination with the FAO’s Emergency Coordination Unit in Harare.

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES

GUINEA-BISSAU ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE SUPPORT PROJECTProject implementation involved extensive coordination with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), African Development Bank (AfDB), and the EU. Reforms supported by the project were instrumental to successfully meeting conditions leading to debt relief in 2010.The AfDB’s budget support operations to Guinea-Bissau were based on achievements facilitated by the project, which had strong synergies with EU-supported public administration reforms.

NATIONAL NGOs

ABRAHAM’S PATH: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ACROSS FRAGILE COMMUNITIES (WEST BANK)The SPF provided funding to Abraham’s Path Initiative (API), an international NGO, which partnered with Masar Ibrahim Al Khalil, a national NGO based in the West Bank to develop Abraham’s Path as a long-distance cultural walking route through the West Bank. This community-based tourism project promotes the path as a catalyst for socioeconomic development and social cohesion across the communities.

INTERNATIONAL NGOs

DRC: ADDRESSING GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE IN SOUTH KIVUThe project is based on a strategic partnership with the International Rescue Committee (IRC), which has a competence in addressing GBV in emergency and post-confl ict settings.Following IRC’s considerable success in implementing a partnership approach to service delivery since 2002 in South Kivu, case management services are provided in approximately 40 sites across the province through partnerships with four local psychosocial agencies.

BOX 6: VARIED RECIPIENT AGENCIES OF SPF GRANTS


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BOX 7: LIST OF SPF MDTF TRANSFERS

COUNTRY MDTF NAME MDTF OBJECTIVE AMOUNT DATE TRANSFERRED

COLOMBIAColombia Peace and Post-Confl ict Fund

Post-confl ict reconstruction and peace consolidation

US$4 million 8/25/2014

HAITIHaiti Reconstruction Fund

Post-crisis reconstruction US$2 million 8/10/2011

JORDAN Jordan Syrian Crisis MDTF

Syrian refugee crisis response US$10 million 10/20/2013

LEBANON Lebanon Syrian Crisis MDTF

Syrian refugee crisis response US$10 million 5/5/2014

SOMALIA Som-PREP (1) Private sector development US$2.2 million 8/10/2011

SOMALIA Som-PREP (2) Private sector development US$2.8 million 3/11/2014

SOMALIA Somalia Multi-Partner Fund

Post-confl ict reconstruction and development

US$8 million 8/13/2014

TOTAL US$39 MILLION 17.7% OF OVERALL SPF FUNDS

Leveraging partnership through Multi-Donor Trust Fund transfers Multi-donor trust funds (MDTFs) are effi cient fi nancing mecha-

nisms to harmonize donor funds, pool risk, and reduce the admin-istrative burden on host governments in FCV situations. The World Bank is increasingly asked to administer MDTFs in situations of emerging crisis or post-crisis response. In recognition of the impor-tant role of MDTFs in the Bank’s response to such situations, the SPF’s founding Board Paper gives the Fund the fl exibility to transfer

seed funding to support Bank-administered MDTFs in fragile and confl ict-affected countries to “ensure the rapid implementation of critical activities and to mobilize additional donor resources.” (SPF Board Paper)

To date the SPF Committee has approved seven transfers to MDTFs in three regions and fi ve countries, totaling nearly US$40 million, or 18 percent of the SPF’s overall grant making.


30

25

20

15

10

5

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9

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8

28

5

MDTF Transfers by FY non-MDTF Grants by FY

FIGURE 10: SPF MDTF TRANSFERS COMPARED TO NON-MDTFGRANTS BY FISCAL YEARIn FY14, MDTF transfers have increased, accompanying an overall surge in SPF grant making, in particular for support to Somalia and to Lebanon and Jordan for the Syrian refugee crisis


pillar 1: foster partnerships

HAITI

The SPF has contributed a US$2 million grant to the Haiti Reconstruction Fund (HRF) to support the government’s post-earthquake reconstruction efforts. Through the HRF, the Inter-American Development Bank (IADB), the UN, and the Bank, together with bilateral donors and partners, are fi nancing high-priority projects and programs. Drawing on the comparative advantage of its partners, the HRF is able to reduce transaction costs, avoid duplication of effort, and help meet government-identifi ed fi nancing needs in the reconstruction process.

JORDANThe SPF’s MDTF transfer to Jordan is helping Jordanian municipalities and host communities to address service delivery impacts of Syrian refugee fl ows and support local economic development. The World Bank set up the MDTF, which pools both donor and Bank grant fi nancing, with due regard to linkages between humanitarian and development efforts.

SOMALIA – SOM-PREP I AND II

In Somalia, the Somalia Private Sector Development Re-Engagement Program is structured as an MDTF supported by the SPF, DANIDA, and DFID. The program seeks to spur private sector-led growth and job creation through value chain development, investment climate reform, PPPs to build key infrastructure services, fi nancial sector reform, and a matching grant fund to assist the private sector in productive, infrastructure services that drive job creation.

BOX 8: ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES—SPF SUPPORT FOR SELECT MDTFS

The following are early lessons from SPF transfers to MDTF as a mechanism to promote partnerships with clients and harmonized donor approaches:

MDTF transfers have been catalytic in raising other donor funds: US$22.2 million of MDTF transfers (Jordan, Lebanon, and SOM-PREP I) were cited as “catalytic” in leveraging other donors funds and allowing for early project interventions through an MDTF that could be brought to scale.MDTF transfers have given the Bank a “seat at the table” in countries with limited or no access to other sources of Bank fi nancing: All of the SPF’s MDTF transfers have gone to countries with limited or no access to other sources of Bank fi nancing for the proposed activities (e.g., countries in arrears, IBRD countries that would not borrow for crisis response or peace process support activities).

MDTFs have been used to channel SPF funds to specifi c projects: The contributions to Haiti, Colombia, Lebanon, and Jordan (a total of US$26 million) were preferred for specifi c projects through MDTFs. This allowed the SPF contribution to be harmonized with other donor funds supporting priority activities. In these cases, the funds were intended for specifi c projects while the MDTFs served as the most effi cient fi nanc-ing channel.MDTFs to SOM-PREP allowed for early engagement in private sector development: SOM-PREP II allowed the private sector development program to fi nance urgent needs in Somaliland. The two SOMP-PREP projects are considered highly successful examples of private sector development in FCV and critical in providing the entry point for a national program of private sector development across the country.

In FY13, the SPF launched a dialogue series with other global FCV-focused funds, namely the UN Peacebuilding Fund, AfDB Fragile States Facility, the EU Instrument for Stability, and the United Nations Development Programme’s Thematic Trust Fund on FCV. The series was created to promote joint assessment, joint monitoring, joint programmatic financing, and joint support for New Deal implementation. These regular exchanges contribute to improving the coherence and impact of each Fund’s activities and the teams have started exploring opportunities for joint work in countries of common interest such as Yemen, Liberia, Somalia, and South Sudan.

FEATURE 2: SPF FUND-LEVEL PARTNERSHIPS


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PILOTING NEW APPROACHES TO RESULTS AND RISK

SPF GRANT MAKING is geared toward piloting new and innova-tive ways of working in FCV settings, with greater fl exibility for risk taking and achieving results. As a “frontier” fund for FCV response, many SPF teams are exploring new areas of Bank programming through the SPF’s small and fl exible grants.

No pilot projectsUS$116.3 million53%

N/AUS$13.8 million

6%

FIGURE 11: SHARE OF SPF PROJECTS THAT ARE PILOT INITIATIVES OR TESTING NEW APPROACHES IN US$More than 40 percent of SPF grants are framed as pilot approaches

Pilot projectsUS$90.2 million

41%

To capture lessons from pilot approaches, SPF task teams are increasingly building innovative M&E components and M&E activities into their projects. Other SPF grants focus directly on new approaches to measuring progress in FCV settings (see Box 9).

VIOLENCE MONITORING IN THE PHILIPPINES

An SPF project in the Philippines has developed a violence confl ict monitoring system designed to increase the peace-building capacity of the Offi ce of the Presidential advisor on the peace process. The program has enabled the production of real-time analysis of confl ict incidence as well as aggregates of levels and impacts of violence, and the exploration of trends. The approach has proved useful to stakeholders in the peace process and has helped improve the M&E capacity of national and regional governments.

AFROBAROMETER GOVERNANCE SURVEYS

Data produced by the SPF-supported Afrobarometer project provides feedback on public perceptions and priorities and the quality of government performance across Africa. Its fi ndings have the potential to improve policy making by local and national governments, yielding policies that are more responsive to citizen needs and demands. External evaluations of the project have described Afrobarometer’s work as “the gold standard” for public attitude research on the continent.

IMPACT EVALUATION OF MENTAL HEALTH APPROACHES TO GBV

In collaboration with the IRC, the Johns Hopkins University implemented a rigorous impact evaluation of a mental health approach called Cognitive Processing Therapy used in an SPF grant on GBV in DRC to identify cost-effective, scalable interventions that improve the psychological, social, and economic well-being of survivors of sexual violence. The fi ndings of the impact evaluation have informed the design of a large-scale IDA-funded regional project that addresses SGBV in Rwanda, DRC, and Burundi.

YOUTH DEVELOPMENT IN THE ECA REGION

A collaboration between the SPF and the Social Development Unit in ECA led to the development of a regional M&E framework for youth engagement. It outlines individual as well as common indicators of success for six youth development projects implemented across the ECA region between 2007 and 2012. The framework is a strong metric to measure performance and generate data to illustrate the effectiveness of particular project designs and strategies. The framework has helped highlight important gaps in current project design and serves as a tool to inform future youth program design in FCV.

BOX 9: INNOVATIVE M&E IN THE SPF PORTFOLIO


pillar 1: respond to urgent need

respond to urgent needrespond to urgent need

IN 2013 THE SPF, in partnership with the Bank’s Development Impact Evaluation (DIME), International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3IE), and Innovations for Poverty Action launched an effort to improve and promote tailored and high-quality impact evaluations for state- and peace-building projects. The objective of the initiative is to improve development outcomes in FCV through the use of impact evaluation for evidence-based policymaking. The project will (i) support the design and management of a series of FCV-specific impact evaluations to improve the effectiveness of World Bank and partner FCV operations; (ii) create a community of practice on impact evaluation in FCV; (iii) generate knowledge products to be used by the Bank and its clients on how to carry out impact evaluations in FCV environments; and (iv) promote greater use of impact evaluation for evidence-based policymaking in FCV settings.

A launch workshop in March 2014 brought together researchers and evaluators with World Bank teams and client counterparts to design evaluations for FCV initiatives on four initial themes: GBV; urban crime and violence prevention; job creation for resilience; and public sector governance and state-building. SPF project teams from Papua New Guinea, Liberia, Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Côte d’Ivoire participated. Dfid and the Bank’s Latin America region citizen security team also co-convened the session

In the first phase of the initiative, the team will also develop a Gap Map to assess the current state of evidence on state- and peace-building interventions to target future evaluation investments to countries impacted by FCV.

FEATURE 3: THE EVIDENCE FOR PEACE INITIATIVE (E4P)

RAPID RESPONSE AND EARLY CONFIDENCE BUILDING

THE SPF SUPPORTS ACTIVITIES in a wide range of fragile contexts, including crises situations where speed, simplicity, and fl exibility are important attributes of effective fi nancing. SPF grants designated “rapid response,” however, make up a relatively small portion of the Fund’s overall portfolio.

The MTR found that the SPF’s project processing is relatively effi cient, but factors related to the wider project development pro-cess often cause bottlenecks and delays and can hurt the Bank’s ability to respond rapidly to urgent situations. On average, SPF projects take 10 months to move from approval of funding to early implementation (i.e., from SPF Committee approval to fi rst disburse-ment of funds). Many delays occur in project preparation and early implementation and are related to internal Bank processing, though the MTR also noted that there are often cases where task teams reported no problems navigating internal processing.

External factors also play a role (weak implementing partner and government capacity, volatile political and security conditions), as does the quality of project design and the experience levels of task team leadership. SPF teams point to several issues related to the timeliness of SPF grant making:

confusion about overall procedures for trust fund processing and differences in processing steps across regions;lack of experience of safeguard, legal, procurement, and fi nan-cial management staff in tailoring reviews to FCV contexts;Emergency/Rapid

ResponseUS$63 million

29%

FIGURE 12: EMERGENCY OR RAPID RESPONSE SPF PROJECTS IN US$Projects designated “urgent need” or “rapid response” make up a relatively small portion of the SPF’s grants at 29 percent

RegularUS$157.3 million71%


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strengthened institutionsstrengthened institutions

strengthen institutionsstrengthen institutions

THE SYRIAN REFUGEE CRISIS is the worst humanitarian catastrophe in recent memory and has had social, economic, political and security impacts across the region. In Jordan, more than 70 percent of refu-gees currently live with Jordanian hosts putting tremendous pressure on individual households and on communities. In Lebanon, the arrival of an estimated 1.2 million refugees—over 25 percent of Lebanon’s population—has further challenged an already delicate societal and inter-communal balance. In Jordan, the SPF, together with the United Kingdom, Switzerland and Canada, funded a program to help host communities deal with urgent service delivery needs and support local economic development. In Lebanon, the SPF approved a US$10 million contribution to the Lebanon Syrian Conflict Trust Fund (LSCTF) to help address basic service delivery needs and enhance social cohesion in towns most affected by the influx of refugees. An early SPF transfer to the LSCTF leveraged additional contributions from bilateral donors to the trust fund. Lessons from early SPF pilot interventions are now informing the design of larger follow on investments to address development impacts of the crisis on host communities as a complement to humanitarian response.

FEATURE 4: SPF SUPPORT TO RESPOND TO THE SYRIAN REFUGEE CRISIS

proliferation of regional review requirements that have added extra layers to processing; andturnover of task team leaders.

Also, like many trust-funded projects, SPF task teams often lack suffi cient Bank budget resources for project preparation and super-vision for low-capacity and highly volatile FCV environments. (See Dashboard Pillar 3 for more details.)

Despite the challenges, some SPF teams have been successful in pushing forward urgently needed projects (see Feature 4), often with high-level political commitment as well as experienced task teams and implementing partners in place. The SPF’s ability to transfer to MDTFs has allowed for quick response to emergency needs.

CATALYTIC SUPPORT FOR INSTITUTION BUILDING

THE SPF IS UNIQUELY POSITIONED to serve as a catalytic resource for state-building approaches that over the long-term promote resilient institutions that are able to manage the internal and external stresses that can increase the risk of confl ict and violence. Capacity building and institutional reform are common features in SPF project proposals, with 65 percent of all SPF projects containing an institution or capacity building component.

No institution or capacity building component

US$69.7 million32%

N/AUS$6.2 million

3%

Institution or capacity building componentUS$144.4 million65%

FIGURE 13: SPF PROJECTS WITH INSTITUTION OR CAPACITY BUILDING COMPONENTS IN US$The majority of SPF projects contain an institution building or capacity building component


pillar 1: strengthen institutions

BEITBRIDGE EMERGENCY WATER SUPPLY AND

SANITATION PROJECT, ZIMBABWE: Since suspension

of its lending program in 2000, the Bank’s role in

Zimbabwe has been limited to technical assistance

and analytical work. At the peak of the crisis in

2008-09, the Beitbridge Emergency Water Supply

and Sanitation Project was developed. This allowed

the Bank team to engage programmatically in

Zimbabwe despite its arrears status. The grant of

just over US$2.6 million was designed in response

to a high-profile cholera outbreak (in the border

town of Beitbridge, near South Africa) caused by

deterioration in the water and sanitation services

that, if not addressed, could have resulted in

dissatisfaction with local services and migration

across the border into South Africa.

The project contributed to the development

of capacity both within the Beitbridge Local

Council and within the Zimbabwe National Water

Authority (ZINWA) which were jointly responsible

for implementation. The project piloted a unique

implementation arrangement—having the

Beitbridge Local Council serve in a lead role

because of connections to the local community, with

ZINWA providing the technical interface.

This project had a high level of risk in that it

channeled funds through otherwise untested and

highly politicized local government systems but

also innovative in that it worked through municipal

government and national service providers to

implement the project. The project was successful

not only in addressing issues related to local-level

water supply issues but also allowed the World

Bank team to explore an alternative means to

strengthening government systems. Piloting support

through national and local-level systems is now the

cornerstone of the new Zimbabwe Reconstruction

Fund (ZIMREF), a multi-donor fund newly established

by the World Bank that will support the international

community in moving beyond humanitarian aid

to engaging with country systems in a way that is

sustainable and efficient.

FEATURE 5: INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO INSTITUTION BUILDING


CAPTURING AND DISSEMINATING KNOWLEDGE

THE SPF IS DESIGNED as a laboratory for the Bank to test new and innovative ways of working in countries affected by confl ict and fragility. The objective of the SPF knowledge and learning (RKL) strategy is to generate and disseminate operationally relevant lessons that respond to client demand and improve the World Bank’s performance in FCV. The RKL agenda focuses on knowledge capture and exchange as well as providing small grants for learning activities related to the SPF’s portfolio. The Secretariat also encourages the design of RKL components of strategic initiatives and stand-alone projects.

BOX 11: FINDINGS OF THE MTR ON RKL

The MTR of the SPF highlighted the need for increased investments in knowledge and learning, assessment, and strategy development efforts, as well as M&E to improve the impacts of projects and capture lessons from the portfolio. The MTR found that some progress has been made on promoting RKL, particularly as part of SPF project design, but a comprehensive strategy is needed for RKL aligned with the broader Bank RKL efforts to advance learning on FCV response.

Georgia IDP Community Development Project

The Georgia IDP Community Development Project improved project management capacity within the Ministry of Refugees and Accommodation and set a precedent for the existence of a project implementing unit with a proven ability to implement a range of activities in supp ort of internally displaced people (IDPs). The community-driven approach adopted by this project has also allowed for demand-driven identifi cation of investment needs, which enables local priorities not otherwise noticed at the central level to be met. In addition, the project facilitated community mobilization in poor, marginalized IDP settlements, which in turn are likely to be replicated in a greater number of target communities elsewhere. Discussions between the Ministry of Refugees and Accommodation and the World Bank have taken place over possible trust fund and investment lending resources for future IDP projects.

Piloting Community Approaches in Confl ict Situations in Three Southernmost Provinces in Thailand Project

The Piloting Community Approaches in Confl ict Situations in Three Southernmost Provinces in Thailand Project developed effective community approaches to local development. It encouraged closer cooperation among communities and between communities and the state, and has brought the potential for mainstreaming. While the project has already been expanded through an additional SPF grant, the government is expected to match funding for project activities at the local and sub-district level and has expressed interest in continuing the project.

Inclusive Development in Bougainville (PNG)

This project in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville initially sought to rebuild social capital in the aftermath of a long civil war related to the extractive industries on the island. The project established a system to channel funds directly to village groups for development projects selected by the community. The project used the traditional matrilineal social structure by channeling funds to women’s groups. After successfully completing its fi rst round of grant making, the government is now using the structures put in place by the project to channel its own resources to village-level development. The geographic coverage of the project and the number of grants funded will in this way be increased substantially.

BOX 10: CLOSED PROJECTS CONTINUED OR SCALED UP

Small SPF grants are designed to pilot approaches and build capacity that can be brought to scale. Approximately 35 percent of the SPF portfolio (35 percent of grants and 25 percent of portfolio value) is made up of legally closed projects. Box 10 outlines some examples of projects that have led to follow-on investments by governments or clients, the Bank, and other international partners.

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capture and disseminate knowledgecapture and disseminate knowledge


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ledge

The SPF is a recipient-executed trust fund. The Secretariat has a mandate to promote knowledge capture and dissemination, but with limited fi nancing (US$8.4 million set aside for program management costs for the SPF to include both Secretariat/administration and knowledge and learning/M&E functions). Because RKL activities are often Bank-executed, few SPF projects have a project development objective that directly targets knowledge capture and exchange.

Non RKL grantsUS$214.9 million

98%

FOOTNOTE: This figure includes two recipient-executed RKL grants as well as small Bank-executed RKL grants financed from the SPF Program Management Budget.

RKL grantsUS$5.4 million2%

WITH SUPPORT FROM THE SPF, the Asia Foundation

conducted a study outlining the dynamics of sub-national

conflict in Asia. The report, Contested Corners of Asia,

examined ongoing conflicts across East Asia, including

southern Thailand, Philippines (Mindanao), Indonesia (Aceh),

and Myanmar. The study found that sub-national conflict

is the most deadly and enduring form of violent conflict in

Asia, having killed more people than all other form of armed

conflict during the past decade, including conflicts in fragile

states. Moreover, sub-national conflicts are among the

world’s longest-running armed conflicts, lasting more than

45 years on average.

The study emphasized the need for the international donor

community to pay closer attention to the political contexts

in which sub-national conflicts occur, and to recognize

weaknesses in social cohesion and state legitimacy, not only

capacity, as key drivers of conflict. The findings of the study

were shared through several dissemination workshops,

including at the World Bank’s Nairobi hub to exchange with

other regions and SPF teams confronted with sub-national

conflict challenges. The findings also informed a dialogue

with the Bank’s East Asia Regional Management Team that

has led to increased attention to sub-national issues and

lagging regions in the context of achieving the World Bank

Group’s shared prosperity goal.

FEATURE 6: SPF-FINANCED ASIA FOUNDATION STUDY ON SUB-NATIONAL CONFLICT

FIGURE 14: SPF PROJECTS FOCUSING EXCLUSIVELY ON RKL OBJECTIVES IN US$A small percentage of SPF grants focus exclusively on learning activities


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dgeFollowing the MTR, the SPF Secretariat has also continued to encourage teams to include RKL component (recipient-executed) in projects

and more recently as part of strategic initiative packages.

No RKL componentUS$130.4 million59%

RKL componentUS$89.9 million

41%

Footnote 1: Many of the surveyed projects may still have implicit RKL activitiesFootnote 2: All strategic initiatives are required to have RKL components

BOX 12: THE SPF’S RKL PROJECTS

PROJECT NAME COUNTRY/ REGION

GRANT AMOUNT

MAIN ACTIVITY/ AREA OF FOCUS

Evaluation and Knowledge Capture of the Colombia Protection of Land and Patrimony Assets Project

Central America US$45,000 Evaluation of a successful SPF project on land rights and patrimonial assets; fi ndings will inform a follow-on global knowledge exchange on land reform efforts in FCV settings

Restoring and Rebuilding Livelihoods through CDD Approaches in Confl ict Settings

South Asia US$350,000 Exploring the options for livelihood generation in CDD projects in South Asia for broader application to other regions and building on many SPF projects that focus on CDD to promote social cohesion and state building

Dialogue Series on Citizen Security in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)

Central America US$200,000 Workshop to bring together practitioners on urban crime and violence in Latin America to exchange lessons and contribute to development of a regional strategy; part of Central America strategy initiative on citizen security

SPF RKL: Impact Evaluation in FCV—Toward a New Science of Delivery

Global US$350,000 Evaluation for evidence-based policy making to improve development outcomes in FCV settings.

FIGURE 15: SPF PROJECTS WITH RKL COMPONENTSOver 40 percent of SPF grants include knowledge and learning components as part of project design

Secretariat-driven RKL initiatives In response to the MTR’s fi ndings the SPF has continued to pro-

mote enhanced learning and RKL activities in areas common to the SPF portfolio as well as promoting hands-on and practical products to improve the Bank’s operational response in fragile settings. The Secretariat has awarded a number of small RKL grants to energize work on FCV in cooperation with relevant Bank sectors.


pillar 1: capture and disseminate know

ledge

BOX 12: THE SPF’S RKL PROJECTS (continued)

PROJECT NAME COUNTRY/ REGION

GRANT AMOUNT

MAIN ACTIVITY/ AREA OF FOCUS

Strengthening Monitoring and Evaluation of Youth Development Projects in Confl ict-Affected Areas

ECA US$330,706 Knowledge exchange on indicators and M&E methods for measuring progress on youth engagement projects, building on several related projects in the SPF portfolio

Evaluation of GBV Program in Côte d’Ivoire

Côte d’Ivoire US$310,000 Evaluation of the SPF project on SGBV in Côte d’Ivoire; fi ndings are informing follow-on work on SGBV globally, including as part of the SPF strategic initiative

Assessment of Lessons Learned in Livelihood Rehabilitation for Refugees and Internally Displaced

Global US$230,000 A global study on building livelihood devel-opment into programming for displaced populations

Evaluation of GBV Program in South Kivu

DRC US$38,393 Evaluation of the SPF project on SGBV in DRC; fi ndings are informing follow-on work on SGBV globally, including as part of the SPF strategic initiative on SGBV

CDD in FCV Global US$350,000 Generating knowledge projects on CDD in FCV settings; providing just-in-time analytic and operational support to SPF and other project teams on CDD

Following the MTR, the Secretariat also developed an RKL strategy and has promoted several types of knowledge exchange activities with limited resources. This includes:

Knowledge Exchange Workshops: In December 2013, the SPF (with the Korea Trust Fund for Economic and Peacebuilding Transitions (KTF), CCSD (Center for Confl ict, Security and Development), Social Development (SDV), and Poverty Reduction and Economic Management (PREM) col-leagues) hosted a Knowledge Exchange Workshop at the Bank’s Nairobi hub. The three-day informal workshop took place alongside the launch of the Independent Evaluation Group’s evaluation of World Bank Group Assistance to low-income Fragile and Confl ict-Affected States. It provided a venue for cross-project, cross-country, and cross-region exchange of knowledge and operational expertise on a set of themes common to the SPF and KTF portfolios, including CDD operations in FCV and the Bank’s role in addressing sub-

national confl ict. The session also linked project teams with broader Bank and partner experience to promote “frontier” work in FCV. Participants included Bank task team leaders, Bank sector and operational specialists, and external experts.Brown-bag lunches and workshops: The SPF has also spon-sored several brown-bag lunches and knowledge exchange events, including on results of an evaluation of an SPF project on GBV in DRC, on confl ict issues in ECA in coordination with the ECA Strategic Initiative on Fragility and Confl ict, on sub-national confl ict in East Asia, and a regional event in Latin America on urban crime and violence. Also, learning from social accountability projects in West Africa to inform projects looking at enhancing budgetary transparency in East Africa.

In this way, the innovations that are incubated in the SPF are infl uencing the way the World Bank does business in FCV settings across regions.



PILLAR 2 TRACKING STATE-BUILDING AND PEACE-BUILDING RESULTS

PILLAR OVERVIEW

THE OVERARCHING GOAL of the SPF is to address state and local governance and peace-building needs in fragile, confl ict-prone, and confl ict-affected situations. Pillar 2 measures progress toward this goal by mapping project development objectives to the peace- and state-building results outlined in the SPF Results Framework. This mapping provides an overview of trends in the SPF portfolio, including common areas of programming as well as gaps, which is complemented by illustrative examples of project-level results. Pillar 2 closes with a description of common regional themes in the SPF’s response to FCV challenges. Since the SPF is a global fund, project objectives and results are diverse, as are the contexts in which SPF project teams operate.

Pillar 2 demonstrates that the SPF portfolio contributes to a mix of state- and peace-building objectives. Findings from Pillar 2 include:

The most common areas of state-building programming, including during FY14, contribute to public confi dence in the management of resources, build government capacity for policy formulation, and improve state-society relations and responsiveness to the demands of citizens.The most common areas of peace-building programming, including during FY14, contribute to employment generation and private sector development, promote social cohesion and reintegration of confl ict-affected population, and build resil-ience to external stresses such as refugee fl ows.In FY14, the SPF has seen a surge in support to projects that promote budget transparency and public fi nancial manage-ment, including of extractive industries (including in eastern DRC, Sudan, and Somalia); use CDD and service delivery models to enhance social cohesion and state-society relations (including in southern Thailand, Kyrgyz Republic, Sudan, and in supporting communities in Lebanon and Jordan hosting Syrian refugees); and youth engagement projects (in the Caucusus).FY14 has also seen an increase in justice-related programming with SPF investments in urban violence prevention in Central America and job creation and livelihood development for confl ict-affected populations (in eastern DRC, West Bank and Gaza, Somalia, and Sudan).The SPF portfolio, however, is limited in direct support to building institutional capacity of the justice sector as well as in advancing pilot Bank support to public fi nancial management of the security sector. Similarly, while the SPF has innovative initiatives in the Philippines/Mindanao and Colombia to sup-

port peace processes and implementation, the portfolio is limited in exploring Bank engagement in the implementation and monitoring of the socioeconomic dimensions of peace agreements.While the SPF portfolio is diverse, SPF funding typically addresses the priority drivers of FCV in any given region—from urban crime and violence in Latin America and sub-national confl ict and small island state fragility in East Asia to refugee crisis response and inclusion and participation issues in the Middle East and North Africa and post-confl ict recovery and cyclical fragility in Africa.

BOX 13: DEFINITIONS OF STATE BUILDING AND PEACE BUILDING



PILLAR I —Tracking Fund-Level Results


Portfolio Results

THE SPF’S FOUNDING BOARD PAPER DEFINES THE FUND’S STATE- AND PEACE-BUILDING GOALS AS FOLLOWS:

STATE-BUILDING efforts strengthen, build, or rebuild

institutions of governance. This includes institutions

that provide transparent and accountable management

of public fi nances, invest in human capital and social

development, promote the rule of law, deliver basic

services and infrastructure, and create an enabling

environment for market development.

PEACE-BUILDING efforts seek to develop the conditions,

values, and behaviors that foster and sustain social

and economic development that is peaceful, stable,

and sustainable. The term includes a broad spectrum

of reconstruction activities, including recovery and

reintegration of confl ict-affected populations and

increased social cohesion; the use of gender-sensitive

approaches; and response to vulnerable groups. It also

encompasses the management of external stresses,

including cross-border violence.

Building states and building peace should not be understood as separate objectives of the SPF but rather as interrelated and complementary processes.

pillar 2: overview


FIGURE 17: MAPPING OF PROJECT-LEVEL OBJECTIVES TO THE SPF’S STATE- AND PEACE-BUILDING RESULTS

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Justic

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PEACE-BUILDINGSTATE-BUILDING

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FIGURE 16: MAPPING OF PROJECT-LEVEL OBJECTIVES TO THE SPF’S STATE- AND PEACE-BUILDING RESULTSNote: The circled numbers below indicate the number of SPF grants that contribute to each objective. One SPF project can contribute to multiple results.

SPF CONTRIBUTIONS TO COUNTRY/REGIONAL-LEVEL RESULTS

2.1 Public fi nancial management

28

27

2.2 Justice

27


3.3 Social cohesion

3.4 Gender




3.1 Jobs & private sector development

3.2 Peace and transition agreements

STATE-BUILDING PEACE-BUILDING

12

25

405

32

17

39

2131

ON-TRACK OFF-TRACK MONITORRESULTS INDICATORS KEY:


THE SPF’S STATE-BUILDING AND PEACE-BUILDING OBJECTIVES

THE SPF’S PEACE-BUILDING OBJECTIVES focus on the reduction and management of the internal and external stresses that increase risk of confl ict and violence. The SPF’s fi ve state-building objectives focus on improving institutional capacity and legitimacy to increase resilience to these stresses. The results for peace building and state building often overlap and most SPF projects contribute to multiple results.

BOX 14: STATE-BUILDING AND PEACE-BUILDING OBJECTIVES AND TYPES OF ACTIVITIES

pillar 2: overview

STATE-BUILDING RESULT 2.1

Public fi nancial management Public fi nancial management; anti-corruption initiatives; natural resource management


JusticeJudicial sector capacity building; local-level dispute and confl ict resolution mechanisms; human rights protection; human rights commissions; land reform and land rights; reparation for victims of confl ict


Policy formulation Capacity building of government ministries and executive; capacity building of local governance structures; polling; public information campaigns; leadership development


State-society relations Civil society and NGO capacity building; social accountability mechanisms; civic engagement programs


Service delivery Delivery of services (infrastructure, health, education, water and sanitation, etc.); CDD programming

PEACE-BUILDING RESULT 3.1

Jobs & private sector development Job creation; livelihood creation; micro-enterprise; private sector development


Peace and transition agreements

Peace process technical support; confl ict and violence monitoring; national dialogue support; local and sub-national inputs to national peace and transition processes


Social cohesionRefugee and IDP support; reintegration of ex-combatants and the confl ict-affected; community-based programs targeted to serve minority and marginalized populations and increase inter-group trust


Gender SGBV prevention and response; programs targeting vulnerable young men; women’s empowerment and leadership programming


Resilience to external stress

Cross-border development programming; urban violence prevention; anti-traffi cking programs; food security; disaster response and disaster risk reduction


CONTRIBUTION TO STATE-BUILDING RESULTS

AS PART OF A SURGE IN GRANT MAKING in FY14, projects that target state-building objectives have increased. The most common areas of programming, including during FY14, contribute to results 2.1, 2.3, and 2.5 which emphasize the need for public confi dence in the management of public resources, and government capacity for policy formulation, as well as overall perceptions of institutional performance and responsiveness to the demands of citizens.

Public financialmanagement

Policy formulation State-societyrelations

Service deliveryJustice

4540353025201510

50

28

12

31

25

40

FIGURE 18: MAPPING OF SPF PROJECTS TO STATE-BUILDING RESULTS BY FISCAL YEAR GRANT ACTIVATED

FIGURE 19: MAPPING OF SPF PORTFOLIO TO STATE-BUILDING RESULTS BY NUMBER OF GRANTS

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state-building resultsstate-building results

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14

Public fi nancial management

Justice Policy formulation

State-society relations

Service delivery


BOX 15: SPF PROJECTS— SAMPLE STATE-BUILDING RESULTS

SPF STATE-BUILDING RESULT SAMPLE PROJECT(S) SAMPLE RESULTS

2.1 PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

Guinea-Bissau Economic Governance Support Project

With SPF technical assistance, the government formulated and implemented a priority action plan for public fi nancial management, including a new legal framework and the introduction of information technology systems for budget execution and accounting, procurement reforms and controls.Contributed to improved effi ciency, transparency, and accountability of public expenditure management and paved the way for Guinea-Bissau’s achievement of the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Completion Point in December 2010.

2.2. JUSTICE

Colombia Protection of Land and Patrimony of IDP’s

Liberia: Improving Access to Justice and Enhancing Accountability

Helped provide land titles and proposed public policy initiatives, leading to the passage of a law on victims and restitution of land in 2011. It also led to the inclusion of patrimonial asset protection of IDP’s in Colombia’s national development plan.Since 2003, the land rights of 176,000 IDPs have been protected, and more than 2,000 offi cials from municipalities, territorial committees, and national institutions have been trained to protect the rights and interests of displaced people.

This project is increasing access to alternative dispute resolution mechanisms at the local level and boosting the capacity of the Liberia Anti-Corruption Commission (LACC) to take measures to prevent corruption, including an Asset Declaration system to better identify, investigate, and prosecute cases of corruption.A pilot dispute resolution activity has been designed and a series of studies, surveys, and stakeholder consultations across fi ve counties has been completed. Asset Disclosure training has also been provided to LACC investigators.

2.3 POLICY FORMULATION

Transitional Assistance to Libya

Liberia Civil Service Reform

Developing procedures to strengthen the internal control of the Ministry of Finance and line ministries, and supporting adoption of a strategy to modernize the national statistics system for economic policy and planning. Workshops have been held to evaluate and modernize public procurement systems, as well as south-south exchanges on fi scal decentralization involving the ministries of local governance, planning, and fi nance.Supporting the formulation of a reconciliation, reconstruction, and recovery vision for 2012-2017, in addition to labor market assessments and the creation of a social fund to promote apprenticeships, vocational training, and entrepreneurship.

Ongoing project activities include efforts to reform pay and remuneration systems, capacity building for mid-level civil service executives, and purchasing offi ce equipment.Capacity building of the civil service administration to increase its ability to develop key policies and plans to build citizen confi dence.

2.4 STATE-SOCIETY RELATIONS

Piloting Community Approaches in Confl ict Situations in Three Southernmost Provinces in Thailand

Program for Accountability in Nepal

Developed effective community approaches to local development in a middle-income country affected by sub-national violence. By gaining knowledge and local understanding and building trust among authorities and stakeholders, the project contributed to improved and more accountable collection, management, and use of public resources.Improved capacity for policy formulation among local and district governments and spurred an increase in demand-side governance. In so doing it helped build trust and improve state-society relations in a volatile and insecure environment.

Contributed to improvements in service delivery by building the capacity of civil society organizations (CSOs) and implementing social accountability approaches. The project also spurred cooperation between the government and CSOs, increased public participation in dialogue and debate, and enhanced citizen engagement with local governments.Prompted the emergence of citizen watch groups and councils, district networks, and monitoring committees in the areas affected by the project. In Banglung municipality, for example, disabled persons were made aware of their legal entitlements, after which they petitioned local authorities. They have since accessed their disability allowances.

pillar 2: state-building results

S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4 3 1S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O TP I L O TP I L O TP I L O TP I L O TP I L O TP I L O TP I L O TP I L O TP I L O TP I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4 M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4 M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4 M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4 3 13 1

BOX 15: SPF PROJECTS— SAMPLE STATE-BUILDING RESULTS (continued)

SPF STATE-BUILDING RESULT SAMPLE PROJECT(S) SAMPLE RESULTS

2.5 SERVICE DELIVERY

West Bank and Gaza Water Supply and Sanitation Improvements for West Bethlehem Villages

This project rehabilitates water supply networks to regulate water pressure and ensure reliable year-round supply for villages located in West Bank Area C, which has restricted access to services. Today, two reservoirs are pending approval from the Joint Water Council and the Israeli Civil Administration.A wastewater management feasibility study is ongoing, and a capacity building action plan report is currently being produced. In addition, related training events and local institutional capacity building to manage basic services are being undertaken, including cooperation between Israeli and Palestinian water management agencies.

Beitbridge Emergency Water Supply and Sanitation Project

Lebanon National Volunteer Service Program

Iraq Consultative Service Delivery Project, Phase II/ III

Boosted Beitbridge city’s water supply and wastewater and solid waste management systems, benefi ting 40,000 residents. It enabled authorities and utility companies to increase quality, duration, and reliability of potable water supply.Indirectly helped reduce poverty, facilitate social development activities, and prevent the spread of cholera throughout the region. This SPF grant also allowed the World Bank to pilot support through local institutions as the country is in arrears. Lessons of this grant are informing design of the new Zimbabwe MDTF.

Increased civic engagement among youth in Lebanon and contributed to improved social cohesion by expanding youth volunteerism and encouraging youth to serve in communities other than their own. It has also improved the employability of youth through enhanced soft skills and training.

Improved social service delivery through the institutionalization of responsive CDD processes, and expanding opportunities for government-citizen collaboration. It has been scaled up within the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG), which has created an advisory committee to lead long-term strategy development in the Ministry of Planning. The project has trained over 100 government offi cials in CDD approaches.Two phases of SPF projects have benefi ted 165,000 people. Formal training, technical assistance, and on-the-job training was provided to more than 70 KRG staff in support of 26 KRG-funded CDD projects, nearly all of which have been completed. In some communities, long-contentious groups are now collaborating and building alliances to implement community projects.

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16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

Jobs & private sector development Peace & transition agreements Social cohesion Gender Resilience to external stress

FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14Jobs & private sector development Peace & transition agreements Social cohesion Gender Resilience to external stressJobs & private sector development Peace & transition agreements Social cohesion Gender Resilience to external stressJobs & private sector development Peace & transition agreements Social cohesion Gender Resilience to external stressJobs & private sector development Peace & transition agreements Social cohesion Gender Resilience to external stress

32

6

39

1721

4540353025201510

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Jobs & private sector

development

Peace & transition agreements

Socialcohesion

Gender Resilience toexternal stress

CONTRIBUTION TO PEACE-BUILDING RESULTS

ACCOMPANYING THE FY14 SURGE IN GRANT MAKING there has been an increase in projects with peace-building objectives. The most common areas of programming, including during FY14, contribute to results 3.1, 3.3, and 3.5, which include projects focused on employment generation and private sector development, promoting social cohesion and reintegration of confl ict-affected population, and projects that build resilience to external stresses such as drug traffi cking and urban violence prevention and refugee fl ows.

FIGURE 20: MAPPING OF SPF PROJECTS TO PEACE-BUILDING RESULTS BY FISCAL YEAR GRANT ACTIVATED

FIGURE 21: MAPPING OF SPF PORTFOLIO TO PEACE-BUILDING RESULTS BY NUMBER OF GRANTS

peace-building resultspeace-building results

pillar 2: peace-building results


BOX 16: SPF PROJECTS—SAMPLE PEACE-BUILDING RESULTS

SPF PEACE-BUILDING RESULT SAMPLE PROJECT(S) SAMPLE RESULTS

3.1 JOBS AND PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT

Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project

Kosovo Youth Employment

Côte d’Ivoire Support for Young Entrepreneurs and Urban Job Creation

Somalia Private Sector Development Re-engagement Program

Increased employment and income-generating opportunities among vulnerable urban populations by offering employment skills and assistance to facilitate reconciliation.After three years of implementation, the project has generated 400,000 person days of work (nearly 80 percent of the intended target), transferred US$1.57 million in wages, and trained 7,450 benefi ciaries through pre-employment training that targeted women (58 percent) and youth (52 percent).

Awarded grants to 38 young entrepreneurs to develop companies as a way to increase employment, access to services, and social cohesion among Kosovo’s youth. In addition, 300 apprentices were placed at a variety of businesses including software fi rms and construction companies.Provided educational opportunities, notably business start-up and vocational training, for over 800 young people. Ninety-three percent of survey respondents noted that they were “very satisfi ed” with their vocational training.

Contributed to the creation of over 530 permanent jobs and over 150 active enterprises. Total investment generated amounts to US$1.2 million with a turnover of more than US$7.8 million.The project also established a network with a current membership of 160 young entrepreneurs and had a successful corporate social responsibility (CSR) component, which contributed to a strategic community investment meeting, gained commitment from the International Finance Corporation, and participated in a private sector CSR event.

The main objective of the project is to generate jobs through direct investments (the matching grant facility) and improvements in targeted sectors. The project included the fi rst matching grant program in the region, which was considered risky (given its size and the political economy of the region).In addition to interventions to improve investment climate, facilitate public-private partnerships, and conduct studies in targeted sectors, the project’s Somalia Business Fund awarded over 80 grants that generated over 1,200 jobs by the end of 2013.

3.2 PEACE AND TRANSITION AGREEMENTS

Encouraging more resilient communities in confl ict-affected areas in the Philippines

Somalia knowledge for operations program (SKOPE)

The grant’s fl exibility to respond to on-demand requests for just-in-time technical assistance has helped position the Bank as a trusted source of technical advice on confl ict and development issues in Mindanao. A confl ict monitoring system was established in partnership with International Alert and three Mindanao universities. The dynamic and real-time data shared with the government, Moro Islamic Liberation Front, CSOs, academia, and donors contributed to better development planning and increased the ability to track progress on the peace process.The project also designed a special set of guidelines and procedures for confl ict areas under the US$1 billion National CDD poverty program supported by the Bank and informed other government development programs using a similar approach. Through a targeted leadership training program, the project increased capacity of Mindanao leaders to bridge the divide and underpin peace in their communities through the design and implementation of specifi c projects that address security, service delivery, and social cohesion.

This project sets out to provide the analytical underpinnings for better-designed interventions and more transparent policy choices in Bank operations in Somalia. Building on a successful initial round of support, SKOPE is expanding its existing activities to include support for Somalia’s New Deal Fragility Assessment and Compact, which will form the basis of its international engagement and facilitate demand-driven policy dialogue in Mogadishu.SKOPE’s analytical work has encouraged international partners to look beyond humanitarian aid and consider longer-term economic development investments. The project has supported the Ministry of Finance’s preparation of an economic recovery plan for 2014-2015, designed and implemented a public fi nancial management self-assessment, and an international fi nancial institution normalization process that includes HIPC and arrears clearance. A study on piracy funded by the project is drawing attention to off-shore governance challenges.

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BOX 16: SPF PROJECTS—SAMPLE PEACE-BUILDING RESULTS (continued)

SPF PEACE-BUILDING RESULT

SAMPLE PROJECT(S) WITH REPORTING IN FOR FY14

SAMPLE RESULTS

3.3 SOCIAL COHESION

Georgia IDP Community Development Project

Kosovo Social Inclusion and Local Development Project

Inclusive Development in Post-Confl ict Bougainville

Increased opportunities for IDPs to participate in community development activities and access basic infrastructure, services, and employment.Forty-seven infrastructure and service micro-projects were completed, all of which addressed IDP development needs. Housing conditions and utilities were improved, roads were renovated, and IDPs gained assets to advance agricultural production and their livelihoods. Benefi ciaries reported that 85 percent of micro-projects resulted in improvements in living conditions against community-defi ned indicators of success.

Provided 29 small community investment grants, targeting communities with ethnic minorities and mixed ethnic groups to improve social cohesion. The objective was to improve the quality and availability of basic community infrastructure.Provided start-up support to 60 businesses owned by youth and war widows in nine municipalities in Kosovo to support small and micro-enterprise development.

Instrumental in building community capacity in participatory planning, community-based organization management, and M&E. By mid-2014, the training had reached 261 people, including both civil servants and leaders of CSOs.Channels funds directly to women’s organization to strengthen the sociopolitical role of women. Forty-one women’s organizations in all 13 districts received grants to undertake community development projects, including water supply, establishment of resource centers, business management training, as well as income generation, health, and education services benefi ting 48,000 people.

3.4 GENDER

Protection from GBV in Côte d’Ivoire

Addressing GBV in South Kivu, DRC

By strengthening government social centers and building the capacity of local NGOs and medical staff, this project’s prevention activities have reached over 130,000 people at the community level and almost 2,000 members of local security forces and authorities. An additional 1,700 women have become members of savings and loans clubs.An average of 110 GBV survivors per month were treated, exceeding the project target by over 280 percent. Results of the project’s prevention work were measured through surveys in which 90 percent of respondents indicated changed attitudes toward GBV and GBV response.

Basic services were provided to nearly 4,000 survivors of GBV; a referral system between community-based organizations and service providers was built, as were partnerships with community members who lead advocacy and community awareness sessions about GBV.The project made timely medical, legal, and psychosocial assistance accessible to survivors of GBV in 65 sites in South Kivu. It worked to empower 28 community-based organizations supporting women, encouraged local leaders to take actions to improve the safety and well-being of women, and successfully advocated for policies promoting their protection, such as “free medical certifi cate for victims of rape” who engage in legal action against attackers.

3.5 RESILIENCE TO EXTERNAL STRESS

SPF Transfers to Lebanon and Jordan MDTFs for Syrian refugee crisis response

Dialogue series on citizen security in LAC

Just-in-time support provided to Jordanian and Lebanese municipalities to address the basic service delivery needs and to enhance social cohesion in communities most affected by the infl ux of Syrian refugees.

Supported a dialogue series on citizen security in Central America’s Northern Triangle, including a high-level international conference that brought together policy leaders and practitioners from across Latin America to exchange on approaches to addressing the challenge of urban crime and violence.

pillar 2: peace-building results


REGIONAL FOCUS AND DISTRIBUTION OF STATE-BUILDING AND PEACE-BUILDING OBJECTIVES

FIGURES 22 THROUGH 27 MAP SPF PROJECTS to SPF state- and peace-building results by region. The accompanying boxes provide a snapshot of SPF regional focus areas and programming and types of target results for SPF projects. While the SPF portfolio is diverse, SPF funding typically addresses the priority drivers of FCV in any given region—from urban crime and violence in Latin America to sub-national confl ict in East Asia to refugee crises and inclusion and participation issues in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) transitions to post-confl ict recovery and cyclical fragility in Africa.

SINCE FY12 and in response to the Arab Spring transitions and the Syrian refugee crisis, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region has received an increasing amount of SPF fi nancing. MENA is now the second-largest recipient of SPF funding. This includes US$20 million in SPF transfers in FY14 to MDTFs in Lebanon and Jordan to help host communities address the immediate service delivery and economic impacts of Syrian refugee infl ows. Over 45 percent of the MENA portfolio focuses on service delivery and CDD for confl ict-affected populations as well as increased social cohesion. Other common areas of programming include policy formulation (24 percent) to support improved governance and job creation and livelihood development (24 percent) for displaced populations, host communities, and other confl ict-affected and marginalized populations. SPF programming in MENA includes a focus on countries that cannot access other sources of fi nancing for FCV response (West Bank and Gaza since it is not a Bank member; Jordan, Lebanon, and Libya which would not borrow from IBRD for FCV-related activities); and pilot programming with the potential to be brought to scale (e.g., participatory service delivery in Tunisia and CDD models in Iraq).

SPF CONTRIBUTION TO STATE- AND PEACE-BUILDING RESULTS

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THE AFRICA REGION is the largest recipient of SPF fi nancing. SPF grants in the region are designed to address challenges in a variety of fragile and confl ict-affected contexts. The grants include three SPF strategic initiatives: a diverse package of projects to support early institution building and confl ict recovery priorities in Somalia; investments to encourage peace consolidation in eastern DRC, including pilot projects for job creation, CDD, and management of natural resource wealth; and a strategic initiative for Sudan focused on public fi nancial management and budget transparency as well as livelihood development and pastoralism. About 30 percent of SPF grants in Africa are dedicated to improving service delivery and promoting CDD as well as job creation and livelihood development for confl ict-affected populations. Other common areas of programming include revenue transparency and anti-corruption initiatives (25 percent), projects that promote social cohesion (25 percent), improve government capacity for policy formulation (22 percent), and GBV prevention and response (20 percent). SPF programming in Africa includes a focus on supporting countries in arrears with no access to other sources of Bank fi nancing (Somalia, Sudan, Zimbabwe), limited IDA countries (Guinea-Bissau), and projects that pilot innovative approaches to inform future IDA investments.

AFRICA MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

A F R I C A & T H E M I D D L E E A S T / N O R T H A F R I C A R E G I O NST

ATE-

BUIL

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Justice

Policy formulation


Service delivery

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

FIGURE 22: THE RELATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECT STATE-BUILDING OBJECTIVES

AFR

25%

5%

22%

17%

32%

MENA

12%

6%

24%

12%

47%

FIGURE 23: THE RELATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECT PEACE-BUILDING OBJECTIVES

Jobs & private sector development


Social Cohesion

Gender


100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

AFR

30%

8%

25%

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18%

MENA

24%

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20%

BOX 17 BOX 18


pillar 2: regional focus

L A T I N A M E R I C A A N D T H E C A R I B B E A NE A S T A S I A A N D P A C I F I C

THE EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC REGION (EAP) is the fourth-largest recipient of SPF fi nancing. The portfolio has a focus on addressing sub-national confl ict and shared prosperity challenges in middle-incomes countries as well as responding to fragility in small island states. This includes projects in the Philippines, Thailand, and Papua New Guinea that address sub-national challenges by focusing on support to peace processes, increased civic participation, improved national-local dialogue, and capacity building of local-level governance institutions and civil society. The SPF portfolio also includes projects targeting natural resource management, CDD, job creation in the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea. Thirty-three percent of projects focus on policy formulation and 44 percent on improved social cohesion in the region. Other common areas of programming include job creation (38 percent) and improving state-society relations (29 percent).


THE LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN REGION (LAC) is the third-largest recipient of SPF fi nancing. The LAC portfolio includes SPF strategic initiatives on citizen security and urban violence prevention in Central America and a Colombia strategic initiative to support peace agreement implementation and victims’ reparations and land reform building on earlier SPF grants. These two strategic initiatives have resulted in a focus in the region on responding to external stresses (50 percent)—violence resulting from cross-border drug traffi cking and illicit fi nancial fl ows and justice (50 percent) with the SPF’s programming in Colombia on land policy reform and access to justice in urban crime prevention efforts. The SPF also has a service delivery project and provided an early MDTF transfer to support Haiti’s reconstruction. Haiti is the only country classifi ed as a fragile state in the region. SPF projects in Central America and Colombia represent pilot initiatives with the potential for scale-up through government, IDA, IBRD, and other donor fi nancing.

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN

EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

STAT

E-BU

ILDI

NG

PEAC

E-BU

ILDI

NG


Justice

Policy formulation


Service delivery

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%LAC

50%

30%

20%

EAP

21%

4%

33%

29%

13%




Social Cohesion

Gender


100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

13%

EAP

38%

6%

44%

20%

LAC

30%

50%


BOX 19 BOX 20


pilla

r 2:

reg

iona

l fo

cus

E A S T E R N E U R O P E A N D C E N T R A L A S I AS O U T H A S I A

THE SPF HAS LIMITED PROGRAMMING IN THE SOUTH ASIA REGION (SAR), primarily due to the presence of other large-scale country-based trust funds, notably the Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund and the Pakistan Multi-Donor Trust Fund for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Federally Administered Tribal Areas, and Balochistan. However, In Nepal, the SPF’s Program to Promote the Demand for Good Governance supports a process of political transformation after 10 years of civil war. The SPF grant compliments the Bank’s “supply-side” state-building activities with efforts to strengthen citizen engagement and build civil society and social accountability mechanisms. The SPF also fi nances a small knowledge and learning grant in South Asia on livelihood generation as part of CDD programming in confl ict-affected areas in the region.


IN THE EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA REGION (ECA) SPF grant activities target a multitude of internal and external stresses that increase vulnerability to violence. Sub-national confl ict, regional fragility, cross-border crime and violence, international resource disputes, as well as the changing security dynamics due to military withdrawal from Afghanistan are all affecting development outcomes in the region. The heart of the SPF’s programming is the ECA Strategic Initiative on Confl ict and Fragility, which focuses on youth engagement, piloting CDD to increase social cohesion, and improving state-society relations, including building local governance systems. This includes youth engagement pilots in the North and South Caucuses and CDD and social cohesion pilots in the Kyrgyz Republic. Around 40 percent of SPF grants in the region focus on building social cohesion and inter-group trust and service delivery and CDD. The portfolio also targets marginalized and under-represented group such as IDPs and ethnic minorities for service delivery and job creation. The SPF-supported Georgia IDP Community Development project, for example, increased livelihood opportunities, access to services, and basic infrastructure for IDPs in 40 target communities.

EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA

SOUTH ASIA

STAT

E-BU

ILDI

NG

PEAC

E-BU

ILDI

NG


Justice

Policy formulation


Service delivery

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

ECA

20%

10%

10%

20%

40%

SA

40%

40%

20%




Social Cohesion

Gender


100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

ECA

17%

8%

42%

25%

8%

SA

100%


BOX 21 BOX 22


spf financial statusspf financial status

PILLAR 3 FINANCIAL AND PORTFOLIORESULTS

PILLAR OVERVIEW

PILLAR 3 PROVIDES A SNAPSHOT of the SPF’s fi nancial and portfolio status based on assessment against a range of common World Bank indicators (approvals, commitments, disbursements, project processing timelines, and project ratings).

As of the end of FY14, the SPF is valued at US$222 million, comprising World Bank contributions (US$167 million), donor contributions (US$52 million), and investment income (US$3 million). The Bank has provided 76 percent of the contribu-tions, and the remaining 24 percent has been contributed by bilateral donors, whose contributions have increased since the SPF’s founding in 2008.The SPF has experienced a boom in grant making in FY14 with particularly high demand from Africa and the Middle East to respond to the Syrian refugee crisis and to support Somalia’s transition. As of the end of July 2014, the SPF has approved US$214 million in grants and MDTF transfers.During the FY14 surge in grant making, 88 percent of SPF fi nancing went to countries with limited or no access to Bank fi nancing for FCV activities.

As the SPF portfolio has matured, disbursements have steadily increased. The SPF is 66 percent disbursed, including MDTF transfers.On average, SPF projects take 10 months to move from SPF Committee approval to fi rst disbursement of funds due to a variety of internal and external factors. However, processing timelines shortened in FY14 compared to FY12 and FY13, as Bank regions and central units clarifi ed the new small RE grant guidelines. The SPF Secretariat also continues to explore options for streamlining SPF procedures and providing enhanced support to teams.96 percent of SPF projects reporting have ratings of satisfac-tory or moderately satisfactory. Several grants are too early to report and three projects are considered ‘stalled’ with long delays in project start-up due to a combination of country contextual factors (political changes and crises) and program management diffi culties.

SPF FINANCIAL STATUS

THE SPF WAS ESTABLISHED in 2008 with an initial contribu-tion from the World Bank of US$100 million over three fi scal years (2009-2012). Since this initial pledge, the SPF has received annual contributions from the IBRD as one of the grant-making facili-ties (GMFs) that have been a “below-the-line” component of the Bank’s administrative budget (separate from the net administrative budget). Total World Bank contributions to the SPF through FY14 are US$167 million, representing 76 percent of the overall fi nancingto the Fund; this has been complemented by an additional US$52 million from bilateral donors, whose contributions have steadily increased since the SPF’s founding in 2008. The SPF donors include Australia, Denmark, Germany, Netherlands (until FY13), Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Total SPF contributions amount to US$219 million at the end of FY14.



PILLAR I —Tracking Fund-Level

Results


Portfolio Results

pillar 3: overview8 11 2

14 8 5 5

167180160140120100

80604020

0

Austr

alia

Denmark

German

y

Netherl

ands

Norway

Swed

en UK

World B

ank

FIGURE 28: SPF CONTRIBUTIONS BY DONORS FY09-FY14 (IN US $ MILLIONS)


As part of the new Strategic Planning and Budgeting process, the GMF budget line is being phased out in order to better align the WBG budget with corporate priorities and the twin goals. In light of the priority given to FCV and urgent demands on the Fund, the World Bank has pledged a further US$60 million to the SPF for FY15-17 (past the SPF’s current closing date) and will consider any future contributions to the SPF as part of the strategic budget process.

SPF grant making As of the end of July 2014, the SPF has approved 94 grants

and MDTF transfers for a total of US$214 million. An additional US$6 million has been committed for Secretariat costs for a total of approximately US$220 million. Ninety-nine percent of approved SPF grants have been legally committed.

Figure 26 shows grant and MDTF approvals by fi scal year. From FY09 to FY12, average yearly approval of grants was approximately US$34 million. FY13 saw a decrease in grant making as the SPF carried out its MTR and refl ected on the portfolio and strategic

directions for the Fund. In FY14 grant making surged. This was due in part to the focus on implementing the MTR recommendations and promoting transformative packages of assistance through strategic initiatives, but it was also because of an increase in urgent needs and the efforts of the SPF Committee and Secretariat to improve the effi ciency and effectiveness of SPF grant making. With increased attention and focus on FCV issues across the Bank and among FCV clients and partners, there is heightened demand for SPF resources. During the FY14 surge in grant making, over 88 percent of fund-ing has gone to countries with limited or no access to other Bank fi nance for FCV response (see Figure 31). This includes US$20 mil-lion to Jordan and Lebanon to respond to the Syrian refugee crisis and nearly US$20 million to support Somalia.

pilla

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fin

anci

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tatu

s

FIGURE 29: SPF CONTRIBUTIONS BY DONORS FY09-FY14 (IN %)

Australia 4%

Germany 1%Denmark 5%

UK 2%Sweden 3%

Norway 3%

Netherlands 6%

World Bank 76%

AFREAPECA LAC MENASAFY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

FIGURE 30: NEW GRANTS BY REGION (FY09-FY14) IN MILLION US$


Looking ahead and pipeline Demand for SPF fi nancing greatly exceeds available funds. As

of the end of July 2014, the SPF pipeline is US$45 million, and the World Bank has pledged US$25 million in new funds for FY15. The SPF pipeline includes strategic initiative projects (for Somalia, eastern DRC, and GBV) and urgent need grants (applications are pending, for example, from Zimbabwe, for regional response in the Sahel, and for West Bank and Gaza), including MDTF transfers.

Disbursements As the SPF portfolio has matured, disbursements have steadily

increased. This trend has been consistent with the Bank’s IDA port-folio in fragile and post-confl ict settings, characterized by capacity constraints and diffi cult operating environment that affect the initial pace of project initiation. Figure 32 shows project disbursements by fi scal year. The SPF is currently 66 percent disbursed, including MDTF transfers.

FIGURE 31: FY14 GRANT MAKING TO COUNTRIES WITH LIMITED OR NO ACCESS TO OTHER BANK FINANCING FOR FCV ACTIVITIES IN US$

SPF fi nancing to countries with limited/ no alternative

Bank funding source for FCV response,

US$62.6 million 88%

Arrears, US$29.8 million42%

Regional/Global program TFUS$327,0001%

IBRD—special FCV cases US$30.2 million

42%

Non-MemberUS$2.3 million3%


need grants, US$8.8 million

12%

FIGURE 32: SPF PROJECT DISBURSEMENTS BY FISCAL YEAR, IN MILLION US$FIGURE 32: SPF PROJECT DISBURSEMENTS BY FISCAL YEAR, IN MILLION US$

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O T P I L O T P I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 44 04 0

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 20140

pillar 3: spf financial status


spf projects—processing and implementationspf projects—processing and implementation

SPF PROJECTS—PROCESSING AND IMPLEMENTATION

ON AVERAGE, SPF projects take 10 months to move from approval of SPF funding to early implementation (i.e., from SPF Committee approval to fi rst disbursement of funds). Many delays occur in project preparation and early implementation and are related to internal Bank processing, though the MTR also notes that there are often cases where task teams reported no problems navigating internal processing.

External factors also play a key role (weak implementing partner and government capacity, volatile political and security conditions), as does the quality of project design and the experience levels of task team leaders. SPF teams point to the following issues related to the timeliness of SPF grant making: confusion over procedures for trust fund processing and differences in processing steps across regions; lack of experience among safeguard, legal, procurement, and fi nancial management (FM) staff in tailoring reviews to FCV contexts; proliferation of regional review requirements that have

added extra layers to processing; and turnover of task team leaders. Also, similar to many trust-funded projects, SPF task teams often lack suffi cient Bank budget (BB) resources for project preparation and supervision, particularly important in low-capacity and highly volatile FCV environments. The SPF portfolio has experienced a signifi cant turnover of task team leaders that, in some cases, has delayed project implementation.

The introduction of the new guidelines for processing small recipient-executed trust funds in 2012 was intended to bring trust-funded operations within the mainstream quality control processes of the World Bank. However, SPF Task Teams faced diffi culties in navigating the new guidelines and per MTR fi ndings, pointed to delays and bottlenecks in the review and approval process. As shown in Figure 30, these timelines have shortened signifi cantly in FY14 compared to FY12-13 as the Bank’s regions and central units have worked to revise and clarify the small RE grant instructions toward simplifi cation and the Secretariat and Committee have supported teams through the project cycle.

BOX 23: MTR FINDINGS ON PROJECT PROCESSING SPEED

THE FIGURE BELOW shows average project processing times for the SPF versus its predecessors—the PCF and LICUS—and implies (also based on

SPF MTR consultations) that with the mainstreaming of trust fund policies and procedures and introduction of the new small recipient-executed grant

guidelines, there has been some slowdown in speed of response. While the issues of fl exibility and speed are critical for delivering results in FCV

settings, these global FCV-focused funds overall average at least a year from project approval to fi rst disbursement, underscoring the need to develop

an FCV-tailored operating framework.

Proposal Submission to Project Approval (months)

Project Approval to Grant Agreement (months)

Grant Agreement to First Disbursement (months)

SPF PROCESS

PCF PROCESS

LICUS PROCESS

- 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00

5.1

2.6

1.7

5.3

4.4

6.9

4.3

5.1

3.4pi

llar

3: s

pf p

roje

cts


FIGURE 33:TURNOVER OF TASK TEAM LEADERS

N/A4.4%

Change36.38%

No change56.58%

AVERAGE MONTHS BETWEEN COMMITTEE APPROVAL AND GRANT AGREEMENT 5.9 MONTHS

AVERAGE MONTHS BETWEEN GRANT AGREEMENT AND FIRST DISBURSEMENT 4.4 MONTHS

AVERAGE MONTHS BETWEEN COMMITTEE APPROVAL AND FIRST DISBURSEMENT

10.3 MONTHS

BOX 24: TIMELINES FOR SPF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

AFR EAP ECA LAC MENA SA

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

Average of Grant Agreement—First Disbursal

Average of Committee Approval—Grant Agreement

133

104

103

176

161

144

225

207

116

195

160

68FIGURE 34: SPF PROJECT PROCESSING AND IMPLEMENTATION TIMELINES BY REGION IN DAYS


600

500

400

300

200

100

0

Average of Grant Agreement—First Disbursal

Average of Committee Approval—Grant Agreement

141

13

175

155

127

60188

185 21

9

350

186

65

FIGURE 35: SPF PROJECT PROCESSING AND IMPLEMENTATION TIMELINES BY FISCAL YEAR IN DAYS

pillar 3: spf projects


The SPF Secretariat continued to exchange with Operations Policy and Country Services (OPCS), Development Finance Department (DFi) and other relevant units to explore options for enhancing the fl exibility and responsiveness of trust fund policies to FCV-specifi c challenges. The Secretariat has also identifi ed SPF projects to pilot the revised and streamlined guidelines for recipient-executed grants, which will launch late in 2014 and are expected to signifi -cantly reduce the grant processing time.

As well as helping teams to develop proposals for funding, the SPF Secretariat also supports teams throughout implementation. To do this the SPF Secretariat collaborates with central units, such as the Bank’s new DFI and also with the regional trust fund coordina-

tors. The SPF Secretariat also works closely with the Operational Solutions Team to provide just-in-time support to teams imple-menting SPF projects. Support ranges from helping to develop FCV-appropriate results frameworks, to helping to address project bottlenecks in effectiveness of grants, implementation, and report-ing. In other cases the Secretariat has worked with task teams to restructure projects to adapt to changing dynamics on the ground. The SPF Secretariat has offered FCV trainings and clinics for SPF teams, including the design and implementation for the Africa Region of new training modules for managing trust-funded projects in FCV.

RATING RATIONALE

HIGHLY SATISFACTORY There were NO SHORTCOMINGS in the operations achievement of its objectives, in its effi ciency or its relevance

SATISFACTORY There were MINOR SHORTCOMINGS in the operations achievement of its objectives, in its effi ciency or its relevance

MODERATELY SATISFACTORY There were MODERATE SHORTCOMINGS in the operations achievement of its objectives, in its effi ciency or its relevance

MODERATELY UNSATISFACTORY There were SIGNIFICANT SHORTCOMINGS in the operations achievement of its objectives, in its effi ciency or its relevance

UNSATISFACTORY There were MAJOR SHORTCOMINGS in the operations achievement of its objectives, in its effi ciency or its relevance

HIGHLY UNSATISFACTORY There were SEVERE SHORTCOMINGS in the operations achievement of its objectives, in its effi ciency or its relevance

BOX 25: THE WORLD BANK GROUP RATING SYSTEM

spf project ratings and reportingspf project ratings and reporting

SPF PROJECT RATINGS AND REPORTING

TASK TEAM LEADERS ARE EXPECTED to periodically report to the SPF Secretariat on the implementation status of their project. The SPF requires two forms of monitoring and reporting from task teams: an annual report on project implementation progress and a mid-term review.

The SPF Secretariat supports teams to develop sound results frameworks at project design stage, using lessons learned on creating frameworks and indicators appropriate for FCV settings. This could include, for example, indicators refl ecting low-capacity environments, fl exibility to adapt to dynamic FCV contexts, and

indicators that realistically refl ect what can be achieved in FCV environments. The SPF Secretariat frequently participates in mid-term reviews and in FY14 participated in mid-term review missions to Papua New Guinea, Haiti, and Kosovo.

Project ratings The SPF uses the standard World Bank Group rating system to

evaluate project performance. Projects are rated on a six-point scale ranging from Highly Satisfactory to Highly Unsatisfactory. A full explanation of each rating category is in Box 25.

pilla

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spf

pro

ject

rat

ings

and

rep

orti

ng

S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 44 4 S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D S TAT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D P I L O T P I L O T P I L O T M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 4M O N I T O R I N G D A S H B O A R D 2 0 1 44 44 4

96 percent of SPF projects reporting have ratings of satisfactory or moderately satisfactory. Two projects (in Nigeria and the Central African Republic) have a moderately unsatisfactory rating due to implementation and design challenges. Several projects were recently approved and thus are too early to rate. Three projects are considered ‘stalled’ in South Sudan, Guinea Bissau, and Guinea

with long delays in project start-up due to a combination of country contextual factors (political changes and crises) as well as program management diffi culties. Since the MTR, and to improve portfolio tracking, the SPF Secretariat has also focused on pushing for more regular reporting from project teams and more direct links to the SPF Fund-level results framework.

FIGURES 32–33: SPF PROJECT RATINGS

FIGURE 36: RATINGS OF SPF PROJECTS REPORTING FIGURE 37: OVERALL STATUS OF SPF PORTFOLIO RATINGS

Too Early26%



Moderately Unsatisfactory2%

Stalled 4%Satisfactory

68%

Moderately Unsatisfactory4%

Satisfactory48%

Moving forward, the Secretariat will continue to advance this Pilot Monitoring Dashboard as a tool to support portfolio manage-ment and tracking project-level results. An online version of the SPF Dashboard is under development, which will allow for real-time monitoring of progress and tracking of portfolio trends. The

Secretariat will also continue to improve and refi ne the Dashboard based on user feedback. This goal is to utilize the SPF Monitoring Dashboard as a key tool to improve reporting practices and the monitoring capacity of the SPF Secretariat, the SPF Committee, task teams, clients, donor partners and the wider SPF community.

pillar 3: spf project ratings and reporting


ANNEX SPF GRANT LIST

WB REGION COUNTRY PROJECT GRANT

AMOUNT USD PART OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVE

AFR Central African Republic Safe and Reliable Public Electricity Project $2,250,801.02

AFR Cote d'Ivoire Evaluation of Gender Based Violence Program in Côte d‘Ivoire $310,000.00

AFR Cote d'Ivoire Protection from Gender-Based Violence $2,044,473.81

AFR Cote d'Ivoire Strengthening Communication and Transparency for Governance Reform $1,400,000.00

AFR Cote d'Ivoire Young Entrepreneurs and Urban Job Creation $2,500,000.00

AFRDemocratic Republic of Congo

Addressing Gender Based Violence in South Kivu $1,984,787.00


Community Recovery and Resilience Pilot $4,900,000.00 Supporting Peace Consolidation in Eastern DRC


Evaluation of GBV Program in South Kivu $38,939.39


Mineral Recovery and Development in Eastern DRC $1,041,000.00 Supporting Peace Consolidation in Eastern DRC

AFR Guinea Public Sector Governance and Accountability $655,000.00

AFR Guinea Public Sector Governance and Accountability $2,045,000.00

AFR Guinea Economic Governance Support Project $1,128,081.29

AFR Guinea-Bissau Extractive Industries Sectors Technical Assistance $338,000.00

AFR Guinea-Bissau Extractive Industries Sectors Technical Assistance $2,860,216.00

AFR Guinea-Bissau Participatory Rural Development Grant $5,000,000.00

AFR Guinea-Bissau Support to National Health Development Plan - Phase II $2,041,500.00

AFR Liberia Civil Service Reforms and Capacity Building $2,000,000.00

AFR Liberia Improving Access to Justice and Enhancing Account-ability $1,500,000.00

AFR Liberia Land Sector Reforms: Rehabilitation and Reform of Land Rights Registration Project $2,982,000.00

AFR Nigeria Community Foundations Initiative $603,290.39

AFR Regional - AfricaAfrobarometer Governance Perception Surveys in AFR: Enhancing Capacity and Knowledge on Peace-building and State-building for Development

$3,212,780.00

AFR Senegal Community Peacebuilding Initiatives in Casamance $700,000.00

AFR Senegal Community Peacebuilding Initiatives in Casamance $2,300,000.00

AFR Somalia Drought Management and Livelihood Project $3,974,271.06

AFR Somalia MDTF Transfer: Somalia Mult-Partner Fund $8,000,000.00 Strategy Initiative for Somalia Re-engagement

AFR Somalia MDTF Transfer: Private Sector Development Re-engagement Program for Somalia - Phase I $2,200,000.00

AFR Somalia MDTF Transfer: Supplementary Contribution to PSD Re-engagement Program for Somalia - Phase II $2,800,000.00 Strategy Initiative for Somalia Re-engagement

AFR Somalia Somalia Knowledge for Operations and Political Economy Program (SKOPE) $2,000,000.00




AFR Somalia Somalia Knowledge for Operations and Political Economy (AF) - Phase II $2,500,000.00 Strategy Initiative for Somalia Re-engagement

AFR Somalia Somalia Public Financial Management Capacity Strengthening Project $4,500,000.00 Strategy Initiative for Somalia Re-engagement

AFR SomaliaSPF Grant for Emergency Livestock Disease Surveil-lance and control Promoting Competitive Meat Industry

$900,000.00

AFR Somalia Support to the Extended Program of Immunization in Somalia $499,990.00

AFR Somalia Support to the Information and Communication Technologies Sector $1,200,000.00 Strategy Initiative for Somalia Re-engagement

AFR Somalia Support to the Information and Communication Technologies Sector $800,000.00 Strategy Initiative for Somalia Re-engagement

AFR South Sudan Strengthening Core Functions for Managing Resource Dependence $3,260,000.00

AFR Sudan Budget Capacity Strengthening Project $4,995,000.00

AFR Sudan Peace-Building for Development in Sudan $3,737,909.40

AFR Sudan Peacebuilding for Development Project —Phase II $4,990,000.00 Consolidating Peace and Supporting Opportunities for

Parti cipative Governance and Growth

AFR Sudan Sustainable Livelihoods for Displaced and Vulnerable Communities in Eastern Sudan $458,000.00

AFR Sudan Sustainable Livelihoods for Displaced and Vulnerable Communities in Eastern Sudan $2,622,000.00

AFR Togo Private Sector Revitalization $1,100,000.00

AFR Zimbabwe Agricultural Inputs Project $4,779,821.48

AFR Zimbabwe Beitbridge Emergency Water Supply and Sanitation Project $2,641,785.01

EAP Papua New Guinea Inclusive Development in Post-Confl ict Bougainville $2,518,230.00

EAP Philippines Encouraging More Resilient Communities in Confl ict-affected Areas in the Philippines $345,485.00

EAP Philippines Encouraging More Resilient Communities in Confl ict-affected Areas in the Philippines $424,113.45

EAP Philippines Encouraging More Resilient Communities in Confl ict-affected Areas in the Philippines $1,799,711.00

EAP Regional - East Asia

Opportunities and Challenges for Aid Delivery in Sub-National Confl ict Areas $1,769,992.52

EAP Solomon Islands Solomon Islands Mining Sector Technical Assistance Project $148,790.25

EAP Solomon Islands Solomon Islands Mining Sector Technical Assistance Project $728,787.16

EAP Solomon Islands Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project $137,658.20

EAP Solomon Islands Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project $4,771,250.00

EAP Thailand Expanding Community Approaches in Confl ict Situation in Southern Thailand $4,200,000.00

EAP Thailand Piloting Community Approaches $541,245.80

EAP Thailand Piloting Community Approaches $1,892,640.70

SPF GRANT LIST (continued)




ECA Armenia Youth Project - South Caucasus $1,000,000.00 ECA Strategic Initiative on Fragility and Confl ict

ECA Europe and Central Asia

Strengthening Monitoring and Evaluation of Youth Development Projects in Confl ict-Affected Areas $330,706.42

ECA Georgia Georgia IDP Community Development Project $2,074,802.23

ECA Georgia Youth Inclusion and Social Accountability $500,000.00 ECA Strategic Initiative on Fragility and Confl ict

ECA Kosovo Kosovo Social Inclusion and Local Development $4,902,762.00

ECA Kosovo Second Kosovo Youth Development $4,000,000.00

ECA Kyrgyz Republic Social Cohesion Through Community-based Development $2,000,000.00 ECA Strategic Initiative on Fragility and Confl ict

ECA Russia Promoting Youth Inclusion in the North Caucasus $1,000,000.00 ECA Strategic Initiative on Fragility and Confl ict

LAC Central America Regional Citizen Security Knowledge Network $1,500,000.00 Transforming Citizen Security Institutions in Central America's Northern Triangle

LAC Colombia Evaluation and knowledge Capture of the Colombia Protection of Land and Patrimony Assets Project $31,208.75

LAC Colombia MDTF Transfer: Colombia Peace and Post-Confl ict Support MDTF $4,000,000.00 Supporting peace transformation in Colombia

LAC Colombia Protection of Patrimonial Assets $6,000,000.00

LAC El Salvador Regional Program for Municipal Citizen Security $1,000,000.00 Transforming Citizen Security Institutions in Central America's Northern Triangle

LAC Guatemala Regional Program for Municipal Citizen Security $1,000,000.00 Transforming Citizen Security Institutions in Central America's Northern Triangle

LAC Haiti Haiti Rural Water and Sanitation Project $4,626,643.04

LAC Haiti MDTF Transfer: Haiti Reconstruction TF $2,000,000.00

LAC Honduras Regional Program for Municipal Citizen Security - Honduras $1,500,000.00 Transforming Citizen Security Institutions in Central

America's Northern Triangle





MENA Iraq Consultative Service Delivery Program (Phase II) $4,963,845.06

MENA Iraq Consultative Service Delivery Program (Phase III) $5,000,000.00

MENA Jordan Delivering Legal Aid Services to Displaced Iraqis, Palestinians, and Poor Jordanians $1,827,530.00

MENA Jordan MDTF Transfer: Jordan Emergency Services $10,000,000.00

MENA Jordan Mitigating the Socio Economic Impact of Syrian Displacement $299,608.51

MENA Lebanon MDTF transfer: Lebanon Syria Crisis Response Trust Fund $10,000,000.00

MENA Lebanon Nahr el-Bared Palestinian Refugee Camp $90,000.00

MENA Lebanon The National Volunteer Service Program $2,000,000.00

MENA Libya Transitional Assistance to Libya $3,000,000.00

MENA Middle East and North Africa

Mitigating the Socio Economic Impact of Syrian Displacement $900,000.00

MENA Middle East and North Africa

Mitigating the Socio Economic Impact of Syrian Displacement $900,000.00

MENA Middle East and North Africa Regional Perspectives on Iraqi Displacement $264,015.94

MENA Tunisia Participatory Service Delivery for Reintegration $5,000,000.00

MENA West Bank and Gaza

Abraham's Path: Economic Development Across Fragile Communities $2,324,008.00

MENA West Bank and Gaza

Water Supply and Sanitation Improvements for West Bethlehem Villages $3,650,000.00

SA Nepal Program to Promote the Demand of Good Governance $2,518,000.00

SA Nepal Program to Promote the Demand of Good Governance $1,292,891.66

SA Regional - South Asia

Restoring and Rebuilding Livelihoods through CDD Approaches in Confl ict Settings $350,000.00

WORLD World Assessment of Lessons Learned in Livelihood Rehabili-tation for Refugees and Internally Displaced $230,000.00

WORLD World SPF RKL: Impact Evaluation in FCS – Towards a New Science of Delivery $350,000.00

WORLD World SPF RKL: Knowledge Exchange and Support for CDD Projects in FCS $327,000.00



A R T F S C O R E C A R D 2 0135 0

The State and Peace-Building FundFragility, Conflict and Violence GroupThe World Bank1818 H Street NWWashington, DC 20433 USA

Telephone: +1 202 458 2426Fax: +1 202 522 2266

email: [email protected] www.worldbank.org/fragilityandconflict

© 2014, The World Bank

Documents

PILOT DASHBOAR D 2014 - World Bankpubdocs.worldbank.org/pubdocs/publicdoc/2015/2/...operations in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Papua New Guinea to responding to sub-national