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Plant Reproduction. Asexual Reproduction in Plants. Involves only one parent plant Does not involve gametes (sex cells) so no fertilisation takes place New plants are genetically identical to each other and the parent plant. Sexual Reproduction in plants:. Involves two parent plants - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Plant Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
• Involves only one parent plant
• Does not involve gametes (sex cells) so no fertilisation takes place
• New plants are genetically identical to each other and the parent plant
Sexual Reproduction in plants:
• Involves two parent plants
• Each parent plant produces gametes which fuse during fertilisation
• New plant is not genetically identical to parent plants
Method of Asexual ReproductionExamples of Plants that reproduce asexually:
• Strawberry• Daffodil• Tulip
• The strawberry produces a new stem at the base of the parent plant that grows across the surface of the ground.• This new stem is called a runner.• At certain places where the runner touches the ground it produces new roots and a new shoot.
Main Parts of a Flower
carpel
Carpel
Ovary
The carpel consists of the:
• Stigma: where pollen lands• Style: connects stigma to ovary• Ovary: contains ovules which produce the female gamete, the egg
The stamen consists of the:
• Anther: produces pollen which contains the male gamete • Filament: supports anther
Ovary
Stages of Sexual Reproduction in Plants
(1) Pollination
(2) Fertilisation
(3) Seed (and fruit) formation
(4) Seed (and fruit) dispersal
(5) Germination
(1) PollinationPollination: is the transfer of pollen from the stamen to thecarpel.
Two methods:
(1) Wind pollination: AnthersHang outside plant and wind Blows pollen to carpel of another plant
(2) Insect pollination: insects such as bees pick up pollen on anther of one plant and carry it to carpel of another plant
(2) FertilisationFertilisation: is the fusion of a male gamete with a femalegamete to make a zygote.
(1) Pollen lands on carpel and a tube, called the pollen tube, grows down the style into the ovary.
(2) The male gamete passes from the pollen tube into an ovule and fuses with an egg to form a zygote.
(3) The zygote can develop into anew plant.
(3) Seed and Fruit Formation• Once fertilisation has occurred,
the fertilised ovule becomes a seed.
• The sepals, stamens and petals fall off the flower.
• The ovary swells up and becomes the fruit. The fruit protects the seeds.
Seed Structure
Testa: Protective coatsurrounding seed
Plumule: baby shoot
Radicle: baby root
Food supply: providesenergy for seed to grow
Food supply
(4) Seed Dispersal• The seed must be dispersed away from the parent plant to
prevent competition for light, water, minerals and space.
Method of Dispersal Examples of Plants Feature of Fruit/Seed
Wind DandelionGrasses
Seeds/fruits are light. May have wings/hairs
Animal RaspberryBlackberry
Fleshy and tasty fruit
Water Water lilyDuck Weed
Light and buoyant to float
Self PeasWallflowers
Have pods which explode to release seeds
(5) Germination
Germination: is the growth of a seed into anew plant.
Conditions necessary for germination:• Water• Oxygen• Correct Temperature
Mandatory Experiment: To Investigate the Conditions Necessary For Germination