Plastic Present a Ion Rough

7/31/2019 Plastic Present a Ion Rough

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PLASTICAny of numerous synthetic or natural organic materials that are mostly thermoplastic orthermosettingpolymerofhighmolecularweightandthatcanbemolded,extrudedordrawn

intoobjects,filmsorfilaments.

Polymerization:

A

chemical

reaction

in

which

the

molecules

of

a

monomer

combine

to

formlargermoleculesthatcontainrepeatingstructuralunitsoftheoriginalmolecules.

Monomer:Amoleculeoflowmolecularweightthatcanbechemicallybondasaunitofapolymer.


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Polymer:Acompoundofhighmolecularweightformedbypolymerizationandconsistingessentiallyofrepeatingstructuralunits. HighPolymer:Apolymerconsistingofmoleculesthatarelargermultiplesofmonomers. Co polymer:A compound of highmolecularweight formed by polymerizing of two ormoremonomerstogether.


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Casting:Amethodofshapingaplasticobjectbypouring thematerial in toamoldandallowingittohardenwithoutuseofpressure.

Blowmolding: Amethod of forming hollowware by injecting air under pressure intomoltenmas,asofathermoplasticorglassandshapingthematerialwithinamold.


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Injectionmolding:Amethodof forming a thermoplastic, thermoset,metal,or ceramicmaterialbyrenderingthefluidinaheatingchamberandforcingitunderhighpressureintoaclosedmold.

Compressionmolding:Amethodofformingthermosettingplasticbyclosingamoldonit,forming

the

material

by

heat

and

pressure.


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Transfer molding: A method of forming a thermosetting plastic by softening it onechamber before it is forced into an adjacent mold where it is cured under heat andpressure.

Thermoforming: Amethod of shaping a thermoplastic sheet by heating and forcing itagainst

the

contours

of

mold

by

heat

and

pressure.

Pressure forming:Amethodofshapinga thermoplastic sheetbyheatingand forcing itagainstthecontoursofmoldbycompressedair.


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Vacuum forming:Amethodof shaping a thermoplastic sheet by evacuating the spacebetweenthesheetandcontoursofthemold.


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Typeof

plastics

Thermoplastic:Aplasticcapableofsofteningorfusingwhenheatedwithoutachange inanyinherentproperties,andofhardeningagainwhencooled.

Thermosetting

plastic:

A

plastic

becomes

permanently

rigid

when

heated

and

cannot

be

softenedagain.Alsoknownasthermoset.


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Thermoplastic:A

plastic

capable

of

softening

or

fusing

when

heated

without

achange

in

any

inherentproperties,andofhardeningagainwhencooled.

Acrylicresin:Anyofaclassofthermoplasticresinusedforcastingormoldingplasticpartsthatereexponentially transparent, toughand resistant toweatherandchemicals,oras

the

main

ingredient

in

coating

adhesives

and

caulking

compounds

oResin: Any of numerous solid or semisolid organic substance prepared bypolymerization and used with fillers, stabilizers, and other components to from

plastics.

oFiller:Arelativelyinertsubstanceaddedtomodifythebulk,strength,heatresistanceelectricalresistanceorworkingpropertiesofaresin.

oStabilizer:Asubstanceaddedtopreventorcreatedthedegradationofplasticwhenexposedtoultravioletradiationorotherenvironmentalconditions.

oPlasticizer:Anyofthevarioussubstancesaddedtoaresintoincreaseitsworkabilityandflexibility.

oCatalyst:Assubstance thatcausesoracceleratesachemical reactionwithout itselfundergoing

apermanent

change

in

composition.


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Lucite:Trademarkofabrandoftransparentacrylicresin. Plexiglas:Trademarkofabrandoflight,transparent,weatherresistantacrylicresin. Lexan:Trademarkofatoughpolycarbonateusedofshatterproofwindows. Polyethylene: A tough, light, and flexible thermoplastic used especially in the form of

sheeting and film for packing, damp proofing, and as vapor retarder. Also called

polythene.

Polypropylene:Atoughthermoplasticthatisresistanttoheatandchemicalsandusedforpipefittings,electricalinsulationandcarpetingfibers.

Polystyrene: A hard tough stable thermoplastic that is easily colored, and molded,expanded,orrolledintosheeting.

AcrylonitrileButadieneStyrene: A thermoplastic used for making plastic pipes andhardwareproductsthataretough,rigid,andresistanttoheatandchemicals.Alsoknown

asABS.


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Vinyl:Anyofvarioustough,flexibleplasticsmadefrompolystyrene. Polyvinyl resin: A class of thermoplastics resins formed by polymerizing or co

polymerizingavinylcompound.Alsocalledvinylresin.

Polyvinyl

chloride:

A

white

water

insoluble

thermoplastic

widely

used

in

manufacturing

thefloorcoveringsandinsulationandpiping.AlsoknownasPVC.

Polyvinylbutyral:Athermoplasticresinusedchieflyastheinterlayersafetyglass. Nylon:Anyofaclassofthermoplasticcharacterizedbyextremetoughness,strengthand

elasticityandcapableofbeingextrudedintofilaments,fibersandsheets.


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Thermosetting

plastic:

A

plastic

becomes

permanently

rigid

when

heated

and

cannot

be

softenedagain.Alsoknownasthermoset.

oService temperature: The maximum temperature at which a plastic can becontinuously employed without a noticeable reduction in any of the inherent

properties.

oSofteningpoint:The temperatureatwhichaplasticchanges froma rigid toasoftstate.

Polyurethane: Any of thermoplastic or thermosetting resin used in flexible and rigidforms,elastomerandresinsforsealantsadhesivesandcoatings.

Polyester:Anyofa thermosetting resinsused in themanufactureofplasticand textilefibers.


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Fiber glass reinforced plastic: A polyester reinforced with glass fibers and used intranslucent roofs and skylights, facings for sandwich panels, and molded plumbingfixtures.

Dacron:Trademarkforabrandofstrong,wrinkleresistantpolyesterfiber. Mayler: Trademark of a brand of strong, thin, polyester film used in photography,recodingtapesandelectricalinsulation.


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Epoxy resin: Any of the thermosetting resins capable of forming thigh crosslinkedpolymerstructurescharacterizedby toughnessstrongadhesion,andhighcorrosionandchemicalresistanceusedespeciallyinsurfacecoatingsandadhesives.

Melamineresin:Anyofaclassthermosettingresinformedbytheinteractionofmelamineandformaldehydeandusedformoldedproducts,adhesivesandsurfacecoatings

Phenolicresin:Anyofaclassofhard heatresistantthermosettingresinsformedbythecondensationofphenolwithformaldehydeandusedformoldedproducts,adhesivesand

surfacecoatings.AlsoknownasPhenoplast.

Bakelite:Trademarkofdarkphenolic resin, inventedbyDr.LeoBaekeland in1916,andusedfortelephonereceiver,radiocabinets,electricinsulators,moldedplastichardware.

Urea formaldehyde resin: Any of the various thermosetting synthetic resin made bycondensationareawith formaldehydeandused inappliancehousing,electricaldevices,

adhesivesand

surface

coatings.


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Post

forming:

A

method

of

shaping

a

fully

or

partially

cured

thermosetting

laminate

over

a

moldbyheatorpressure.

Laminate:Aproductmadebyunitingtwoormore layersofmaterialsbyanadhesiveorothermeans,asplywoodandplasticlaminate.


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Plastic

laminate:

A

hard

surfacing

material

consisting

of

superposed

layers

of

paper

impregnatedwithmelamineandphenolicresins,fusedtogetherunderheatandpressure.

Highpressure laminate:Aplastic laminatemolded and cured in the rangeofpressurefrom

1200

to

2000

psi

(84

to

140

Kg/sq.

cm).

It

is

used

for

surfacing

the

countertops

and

cabinetry.


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Low

pressure

laminate:

A

plastic

laminate

molded

and

cured

with

maximum

pressure

of

400psi(28Kg/sq.cm).Itisusedforverticalorlowwearapplications.

Formica:Trademarkofabrandofplasticlaminate.


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Rubber:

A

material

made

by

chemically

treating

and

toughing

natural

rubber,

valued

for

its

elasticity,nonconductionofelectricity,andresistancetoshockandmoisture.

Natural rubber: A highly elastic solid substance, essentially a polymer of isoprene,obtainedbycoagulating themilkyjuiceof rubber treesandplants.Alsoknownas India

rubber.

Foamrubber:Alight,spongy,cellularrubbermadebyfoaminglatexbeforevulcanization. Vulcanization: thetreatmentofrubberwithsulfurandheatto importgreaterelasticity,strength,anddurability.


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Synthetic

rubber:

An

elastomer

similar

to

natural

rubber

in

properties

and

uses,

produced

bythepolymerizationofunsaturatedhydrocarbon,asbutyleneasisopreneorbytheco

polymerizationofthehydrocarbonswithstyreneandbutadiene.

Elastomer:Anyofthevariouspolymershavingtheelasticpropertiesofnaturalrubberasbutylrubberorneoprene.

Butyl:trademarkofbrandofbutylrubber.


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Neoprene:

A

synthetic

rubber

characterized

by

superior

resistance

to

oils

and

sunlight,

andsuedIpaints,roofmembranes,flashing,gasketsandbearings.

Silicone rubber:A rubbermade fromsiliconeelastomersandnoted for its retentionofflexibility,resilienceandtensilestrengthoverawidetemperaturerange.

Silicone:Anygroupofcontainingalternatingsiliconeandoxygenatoms,characterizedbythermal stability, chemical inertness and extreme water repellence, and used in

adhesives,lubricantsprotectivecoatingsandsyntheticrubber.

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Plastic Present a Ion Rough