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Earth’s crust is broken into about 12 rigid plates Plates move ~ cm/year 3 types of plate boundaries: divergent creation of new seafloor convergent return of crust to Earth’s interior transverse Plate Tectonics Hypothesis

Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s

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Page 1: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s

Earth’s crust is broken into about 12 rigid plates Plates move ~ cm/year 3 types of plate boundaries:

divergent creation of new seafloor convergent return of crust to Earth’s interior transverse

Plate Tectonics Hypothesis

Page 2: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s

Spreading Subduction Plate motion

transform

Earth’s Tectonic Plates

Page 3: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s

East Pacific Rise Topography

Divergent plate boundary

opening at 15 cm/yr

Page 4: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s

East-African Rift

opening at 6 mm/yr

Page 5: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s

Convergent Plate Boundaries: Ocean-Ocean

Kavachi, Soloman Islands March 26, 2002

Page 6: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s

Convergent Plate Boundaries: Ocean-Continent

Andes

Page 7: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s

Convergent Plate Boundaries: Continent-Continent

Himalayas

Page 8: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s

Examples of Plate Boundaries

O-O convergent

O-O divergent

O-C convergent

O-C convergent

O-O divergent

C-C divergent

O-O divergent

Page 9: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s

San Andreas Fault

Transform Boundaries

Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Page 10: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s

San Andreas Fault

Transform Boundaries

Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Page 11: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s
Page 12: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s
Page 13: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s
Page 14: Plate Tectonics Hypothesis - UW Courses Web Servercourses.washington.edu/.../Plate_Boundaries.pdf · Plate Tectonics Hypothesis! Spreading! Subduction! Plate motion! transform! Earth’s