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Bumblebee identification

Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

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Page 1: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Bumblebee identification

Page 2: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

— Furry

— Fat, round, large

— Buzzing

— Pollen baskets (females only)

— Stripes are on hair, not

exoskeleton underneath

What is a bumblebee?

Page 3: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Wanna-bees!

Tachinid Fly, Tachina ursina

Drone Fly Eristalis pertinax Hover fly Merodon equestris

Bee Fly Bombylius major

Page 4: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

4

Wanna-bees!

Page 5: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

• Not very useful for bumblebees!

• 10-25mm long

• Queens biggest

• Workers, males c. 2/3rds queen size

• Size varies with nutrition

Size

Page 6: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

— Start with queens in spring

— Good chance to become familiar with common species

— few, if any workers

— no males

— Generally don’t vary much, and are relatively fresh and

unworn

Getting started

Page 7: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Queens

Queens from late Feb-March till Sept/Oct

— Biggest bees

— Often slow-flying, investigating holes or crawling through vegetation

Page 8: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Workers

Workers are usually smaller versions of the queens

Page 9: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Workers

Workers are usually smaller versions of the queens

— Separating Buff-tailed and White-tailed workers is not easy so

we can record workers of these as being: Buff-tailed/white-tailed

Buff-tailed worker White-tailed worker

Page 10: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Workers

Workers are usually smaller versions of the queens

— Early bumblebee workers have a reduced or absent middle band

Early bumblebee queen Early bumblebee

worker

Band is missing

Page 11: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Males

Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years

— Often have more pronounced facial hair than females

— Often yellow (esp: red-tailed, early, heath and white-tailed bumbles)

— Appear more yellow and ‘scruffy’ – furry & fuzzy

— Extent of yellow varies a lot even in a single species

Page 12: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Males

Extent of yellow varies a lot even in a single species

White-tailed males

Page 13: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Predators of bumblebees

Cuckoo Bumblebees

— Dark appearance – most females

have just one yellow band, the collar

— No pollen baskets

— Sometimes have very dark wings

— Some species have a ‘notch’ in the

white of the tail

— Later emergence than hosts

Page 14: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Getting started

Page 15: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Getting started

Bumblebee ID

Tail colour

Facial hair Legs

Antennae

(Behaviour)

Banding

Page 16: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

—Also look at extent and position of colouration

Tail colour

Page 17: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

—Position

—Strength

Banding

Page 18: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

— Surprisingly easy to see the hair

colour on bumblebee faces

— Can be useful in separating males

and females:

— Males of 4 of the 8 commonest

species have yellow faces when the

females have black faces

— Face shape is useful to separate

some species

Faces

Page 19: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

— Only female social bumbles (not cuckoos) will carry pollen loads

Legs

Page 20: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

— Not always carrying pollen – look closely at hind leg for

pollen basket

Legs

Page 21: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

— Females have short, 12-

segemented antennae

— Males have long, 13-segmented

antennae

Antennae

Female Male

Page 22: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

— Useful for separating male and female social bumblebees & cuckoos

— Female social bumblebees (queens & workers) tend to always

be working

— Queens will fly low when looking for nests

— Males & cuckoos often lazily feed on flowers, slowly drinking

nectar and not flying very much

Behaviour

Page 23: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

The big six queens: common and widespread bumblebees

White-tailed

bumblebee Buff-tailed

bumblebee

Garden

bumblebee

Early

bumblebee

Red-tailed

bumblebee

Common

carder bee

Page 24: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

The big eight!

Tree bumblebee

Heath

bumblebee

Page 25: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Ginger bees Red-tailed bees White-tailed bees

Common B. pascuorum B. lapidarius B. pratorum

B. lucorum B. terrestris B. hypnorum B. jonellus B. hortorum

Scarce / rare

B. muscorum B. humilis B. distinguendus

B. monticola B. ruderarius B. sylvarum

B. ruderatus B. soroeensis B. subterraneus

Cuckoo B. campestris B. rupestris B. vestalis B. bohemicus B. barbutellus B. sylvestris

Page 26: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Common Carder

B. pascuorum

BEWARE: B. distinguendus, B. muscorum, B. humilis, B. campestris

Ginger bees

Page 27: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Common Carder

B. pascuorum

SIMILAR: B. muscorum, B. humilis, B. distinguendus, B. campestris

Ginger bees - common

• All-ginger

• Black abdominal hairs

• Cream thorax sides

• Males yellower

Page 28: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Red-tailed bumblebee

B. lapidarius

Early bumblebee

B. pratorum

BEWARE: B. monticola, B. ruderarius, B. sylvarum, B. rupestris

Red-tailed bees

Page 29: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Early bumblebee

B. pratorum

SIMILAR: B. ruderarius, B. monticola, B. sylvarum, B. rupestris

Red-tailed bees - common

• Only common yellow-banded, red-tailed females

• Males have a yellow face

• Worker often loses abdominal band

• Tail often small, pale

Page 30: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Red-tailed bumblebee

B. lapidarius

Red-tailed bees - common

• Elongate species

• Males have a yellow face

• Tail red, up to half the abdomen

• Female corbicula hairs black

SIMILAR: B. ruderarius, B. monticola, B. sylvarum, B. rupestris

Page 31: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

White-tailed bumblebee

B. lucorum

Buff-tailed bumblebee

B. terrestris

BEWARE: B. soroeensis, B. subterraneus, B. vestalis, B. bohemicus, B. sylvestris

White-tailed bees: 2 yellow bands

Page 32: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Buff-tailed bumblebee

B. terrestris

SIMILAR: B. soroeensis, B. subterraneus, B. vestalis, B. bohemicus, B. sylvestris

• Queens buff-tailed

• Workers & males white-tailed

• Sometimes thin yellow band at tail top

White-tailed bees - common

Page 33: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

White-tailed bumblebee

B. lucorum

SIMILAR: B. soroeensis, B. subterraneus, B. vestalis, B. bohemicus, B. sylvestris

• No yellow hairs in tail

• Males have a yellow face

• Queens identifiable; males maybe

• Workers often impossible

White-tailed bees - common

Page 34: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Heath bumblebee

B. jonellus

Garden bumblebee

B. hortorum

BEWARE: B. ruderatus, B. sylvestris, B. bohemicus, B. barbutellus, B. subterraneus

White-tailed bees: 3 yellow bands

Page 35: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Garden bumblebee

B. hortorum

SIMILAR: B. ruderatus, B. subterraneus, B. sylvestris, B. bohemicus, B. barbutellus

• Bulky, very long tongue

• Long face

• Pure white tail

• Very yellow appearance

• Occasional semi-melanics

White-tailed bees - common

Page 36: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

• Strong association with heaths

• Pale corbicula hairs

• Males have a yellow face

• Smaller, longer-haired than

hortorum

• Round face

White-tailed bees - common Heath bumblebee

B. jonellus

SIMILAR: B. ruderatus, B. subterraneus, B. sylvestris, B. bohemicus, B. barbutellus

Page 37: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Tree bumblebee

B. hypnorum

BEWARE: worn B. pascuorum

White-tailed bees: Ginger thorax

Page 38: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Tree bumblebee

B. hypnorum

SIMILAR: worn B. pascuorum

White-tailed bees - common

• Black thorax sides

• Dark-thorax colour form common

• T1&2 sometimes ginger

• Tail always white (even melanics)

• Spreading northwards

Page 39: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

• Nets (Watkins and Doncaster

www.watdon.co.uk )

• Hand lens - x10 or x20

• Sample tubes

• Queen marker cages (Thornes or W&D)

• ID book

Field kit

www.beewalk.org.uk/node/11

https://www.watdon.co.uk/
Page 40: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Gammans et al (2018). Bumblebees: An Introduction.

Biddles

Prys-Jones, O.E and Corbet, S.A (2011) Bumblebees

(Naturalists’ Handbook). Pelagic Publishing

Falk, S. and Lewington, R. (2015) Field guide to the bees of

Great Britain and Ireland. Bloomsbury

Comont, R. (2017) RSPB Spotlight: Bumblebees.

Bloomsbury

Further Reading

Page 41: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

All of these bumblebees are

queens of the common

species

Quiz time!

Page 42: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

White-

tailed

bumblebee

Page 43: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Common

carder

bee

Page 44: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Buff-tailed

bumblebee

Page 45: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Red-tailed

bumblebee

Page 46: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Early

bumblebee

Page 47: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Garden

bumblebee

Page 48: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

All of these bumblebees are

workers or males of the

common species

Page 49: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Early

bumblebee

worker

Page 50: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Red-tailed

bumblebee

male

Page 51: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Buff-tailed

bumblebee

male

Page 52: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Common

carder bee

male

Page 53: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

Merodon

equestris –

a hoverfly!

Page 54: Plight of the bumblebee · 2018. 5. 25. · Males Males from late May/June for some early species, or in early years — Often have more pronounced facial hair than females —Often

www.beewalk.org.uk

http://bit.ly/beewatch


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