39
G0MCO: MCME:'IJCO0M: JCABM 0G8 MJa0E E0G8 E0P- 0G(CGMJH8N1MHJR LNJO:R Ehkhohmnr ne dudqx onkhshb_k odqrt_rhnm k_ldms sgd odqu_rhud _mc dmctq- hmfbnknmh_k hloqhmsnm Oghkhoohmd btkstqd- L_mx e_hksn _ooqdbh_sd,gnvdudq, sg_shmchfdmntrdsgmhbfqntor -,-bq M_shnm_kBtkstq_k Bnlltmhshdk='- mdudq rtqqdmcdqdc sn sgd bnknmh_khmu_cdqr_mc sn sghr c_x g_ud bgnrdm sn qds_hm btkstq_k hcdmshshdr entmc nmkx hm sgd Oghkhoohmdr- Sgd 6-4 lhkkhnmSqha_k Ehkhohmnr bnloqhrd nudq 04% ne sgd bntmsqx'r onotk_shnm-Lnrs g_ud chr- shmbsk_mft_fdr, qdkhfhnmr,_ksvnqjr, cqdrr _mcbtrsnl k_vr- Nudq sgd bdm- stqhdr sgdx g_ud cdudknodc cdkhb_sdats dbnknfhb_kkx rs_akd rxrsdlr ne rvhc- cdm, enq_fd _mc.nq sdqq_bdc_fqhbtkstqd-Dwbdosenq sgd Mdfqhsnr,sgd m_shnm'r ehqrshmg_ahs_msr, Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrg_qd sgd r_ld L_k_xn-Onkxmdrh_ma_bj- fqntmc bnllnm sn lnrs nsgdq Ehkhohmnr- Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr, gnvdudq, _qd bnmrhcdqdc_r tmhptd adb_trd sgdx "_qd lnqd khjd sgdhq_mbdrsnqrsg_m nsgdq Ehkhohmnr_qd khjd sgdhq_mbdrsnqr-"k Mn cntas l_mx vhkkad rtqoqhrdc sn kd_qmsg_s sgd ft_qch_mr ne hmch- fdmntr, Oghkhoohmd btkstqd _qdkdf_kkxcdehmdc_r "tmbhuhkhydc,"1"a_bjv_qc odnokd,"2 vhsg "a_qa_qntr oq_bshbdr"3_mc "_ knv nqcdq ne hmsdkkhfdmbd-"r Sgdrd hlonqsdc oqditchbdr 5 needmc m_shnm_khrs Ehkhohmnr-Hmlnrs sqha_k bnlltmhshdr, sgd qdrtkshmf chrbqhlhm_shnmhlo_hqr dsgmhboqhcd, chrqtosr sgd dbnknfhb_ka_k_mbd _mc _ffq_u_sdr q_lo_ms chrd_rd, l_kmtsqhshnm_mc onudqsx- Sgd kdf_khlokhb_shnmr_mc ghrsnqhb_k itrshehb_shnmr ne sgdrd _sshstcdr _mc _bshuhshdr, gnvdudq, ltrs _v_hs etstqd _m_kxrhr-Sghr @qshbkdenbtrdr nm sgd lnrs sgqd_sdmhmf l_mhedrs_shnmnebnknmh_koqditchbd _eedbshmf Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr snc_x9 sgd nmfnhmfknrr ne _mbdrsq_kk_mc- 6 Hm0802, sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr Rdbqds_qxne sgd Hmsdqhnq vqnsd _ants sgd knrr ne _mbdrsq_kk_mchmghr _mmt_kqdonqssn sgd @ldqhb_mOqdrhcdms-"@r 0 _pzp{pun Uyvmlzzvy/ Bnkkdfd ne K_v, Tmhudrhsxne sgd Oghkhoohmdr- Ldladq, Lhm- mdrns_A_q-Sgd _tsgnq g_r uhrhsdcnudq sghqsxsqha_kbnlltmhshdr sgqntfgnts sgd m_shnm- 3@ccqdrr ax Vhkkh_l Gdmqx Rbnss, Btkstq_k Bdmsdqne sgd Oghkhoohmdr, I_mt_qx, 0864- 1Qtah u- Oqnuhmbh_k An_qc ne Lhmcnqn, 28 Oghk-55/, 57/ (0808)- 2 Gd_qhmfr adenqd sgd Bnllhssdd nm sgd Oghkhoohmdr, Tmhsdc Rs_sdr Rdm_sd,Rhwsx- Sghqc Bnmfqdrr, Sghqc rdrrhnmnm G-Q- 07348, oo- 235, 240- Ptnsdc hmW}ip _s 575- 3 Tmhsdc Rs_sdrOqdrhcdmsVhkkh_l LbJhmkdx'r Hmrsqtbshnmr sn sgd Oghkhoohmd Bnl- lhrrhnm, @oqhk6, 08//, ptnsdc hmW}ip _s 57/- R T-R- u- Staa_m 18 Oghk-323, 325 (0804)- 5 Enq _ cds_hkdc _bbntms ne sgd hlo_bs ne sgdrd hlonqsdc oqditchbdr nm Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr, Rdd Fnvhmf, Rvyvz/ huk Nukphuz? Gvttvuhsp{plz vm U}ywvzl/ Uvspjr huk Uyhj{pjl pu Etlypjhu Lv~lyutlu{ vm Z·v Mvz{psl Y}iqlj{ Ulvwslz/ 7 OGHK- PT@QSDQKX NE BTKSTQD @MC RNBHDSX 014 (087/)- 6 Otqrt_ms sn Odr- Cdbqdd Mn- 30/, rdb- 0 (0863), _mbdrsq_kk_mcr _qd bnmrhcdqdc sn ad "_kk tm_ooqnoqh_sdc _fqhbtkstq_k k_mcr enqlhmf o_qs ne sgd otakhb cnl_hm" -_r

PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

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Page 1: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

G0MCO: MCME:'IJCO0M: JCABM 0G8 MJa0EE0G8 E0P- 0G(CGMJH8N1MHJR LNJO:R

Ehkhohmnrne dudqx onkhshb_kodqrt_rhnm k_ldms sgd odqu_rhud_mc dmctq-hmfbnknmh_khloqhmsnm Oghkhoohmdbtkstqd- L_mx e_hksn _ooqdbh_sd,gnvdudq,sg_s hmchfdmntrdsgmhbfqntor -,-bq M_shnm_kBtkstq_k Bnlltmhshdk='- mdudqrtqqdmcdqdc sn sgd bnknmh_khmu_cdqr_mc sn sghr c_x g_ud bgnrdm sn qds_hmbtkstq_k hcdmshshdrentmc nmkx hmsgd Oghkhoohmdr-Sgd 6-4 lhkkhnmSqha_kEhkhohmnrbnloqhrd nudq 04% ne sgd bntmsqx'r onotk_shnm-Lnrs g_ud chr-shmbsk_mft_fdr, qdkhfhnmr,_ksvnqjr, cqdrr _mc btrsnl k_vr- Nudq sgd bdm-stqhdr sgdx g_ud cdudknodc cdkhb_sdats dbnknfhb_kkxrs_akd rxrsdlr ne rvhc-cdm, enq_fd _mc.nq sdqq_bdc_fqhbtkstqd-Dwbdosenq sgd Mdfqhsnr,sgd m_shnm'rehqrshmg_ahs_msr,Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrrg_qd sgd r_ld L_k_xn-Onkxmdrh_ma_bj-fqntmc bnllnm sn lnrs nsgdq Ehkhohmnr-Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr,gnvdudq, _qdbnmrhcdqdc_r tmhptd adb_trd sgdx "_qd lnqd khjd sgdhq_mbdrsnqrsg_m nsgdqEhkhohmnr_qd khjd sgdhq _mbdrsnqr-"k

Mn cntas l_mx vhkkad rtqoqhrdc sn kd_qmsg_s sgd ft_qch_mr ne hmch-fdmntr, Oghkhoohmdbtkstqd _qd kdf_kkxcdehmdc_r "tmbhuhkhydc,"1"a_bjv_qcodnokd,"2 vhsg "a_qa_qntr oq_bshbdr"3_mc "_ knv nqcdq ne hmsdkkhfdmbd-"rSgdrd hlonqsdc oqditchbdr5 needmc m_shnm_khrsEhkhohmnr-Hm lnrs sqha_kbnlltmhshdr, sgd qdrtkshmf chrbqhlhm_shnmhlo_hqr dsgmhboqhcd, chrqtosrsgd dbnknfhb_ka_k_mbd _mc _ffq_u_sdr q_lo_ms chrd_rd, l_kmtsqhshnm_mconudqsx- Sgd kdf_khlokhb_shnmr_mc ghrsnqhb_kitrshehb_shnmrne sgdrd _sshstcdr_mc _bshuhshdr,gnvdudq, ltrs _v_hs etstqd _m_kxrhr-Sghr @qshbkdenbtrdrnm sgd lnrs sgqd_sdmhmfl_mhedrs_shnmne bnknmh_koqditchbd _eedbshmfSqha_kEhkhohmnrsnc_x9 sgd nmfnhmf knrr ne _mbdrsq_kk_mc-6

Hm0802, sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr Rdbqds_qxne sgd Hmsdqhnqvqnsd _ants sgdknrr ne _mbdrsq_kk_mchmghr _mmt_kqdonqs sn sgd @ldqhb_m Oqdrhcdms-"@r

0 _pzp{pun Uyvmlzzvy/ Bnkkdfd ne K_v, Tmhudrhsxne sgd Oghkhoohmdr-Ldladq, Lhm-mdrns_ A_q-Sgd _tsgnq g_r uhrhsdcnudq sghqsxsqha_kbnlltmhshdr sgqntfgnts sgd m_shnm-

3@ccqdrr ax Vhkkh_l Gdmqx Rbnss, Btkstq_k Bdmsdqne sgd Oghkhoohmdr,I_mt_qx,0864-

1Qtah u- Oqnuhmbh_kAn_qc ne Lhmcnqn, 28 Oghk-55/, 57/ (0808)-2 Gd_qhmfr adenqd sgd Bnllhssdd nm sgd Oghkhoohmdr,Tmhsdc Rs_sdr Rdm_sd,Rhwsx-

Sghqc Bnmfqdrr, Sghqc rdrrhnmnm G-Q- 07348, oo- 235, 240- Ptnsdc hmW}ip _s 575-3 Tmhsdc Rs_sdr OqdrhcdmsVhkkh_l LbJhmkdx'r Hmrsqtbshnmrsn sgd OghkhoohmdBnl-

lhrrhnm, @oqhk6, 08//, ptnsdc hmW}ip _s 57/-R T-R- u- Staa_m 18 Oghk-323, 325 (0804)-5 Enq _ cds_hkdc _bbntms ne sgd hlo_bs ne sgdrd hlonqsdc oqditchbdr nm Sqha_k

Ehkhohmnr,Rdd Fnvhmf, Rvyvz/ huk Nukphuz? Gvttvuhsp{plz vm U}ywvzl/ Uvspjr hukUyhj{pjl pu Etlypjhu Lv~lyutlu{ vm Z·v Mvz{psl Y}iqlj{ Ulvwslz/ 7 OGHK- PT@QSDQKXNE BTKSTQD @MC RNBHDSX 014 (087/)-

6 Otqrt_ms sn Odr- Cdbqdd Mn- 30/, rdb- 0 (0863), _mbdrsq_kk_mcr _qd bnmrhcdqdcsn ad "_kk tm_ooqnoqh_sdc _fqhbtkstq_k k_mcr enqlhmf o_qs ne sgd otakhb cnl_hm" -_r

Page 2: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

rnnm _r sgdx g_ud b}_qdc sgd k_mc_mbsoeNkIfgshstmcdq-btkshu}}hnmsgdx _qdcqhudmeqnl hs ax e_krd bk_hlr ne n}dqrgho nm sgd o_qs ,ne sgdhq-bhuhkhydcmdhfganqr-"7Hm0852, sgd Rdm_sdBnllhssdd } M_shnm_kLhmnqhshdrqdonqsdcsg_s9

Sgd r_ld a_rhb oqnakdl qdl_hmr' }_esdk9ehesxxd_qr- Sgd ldladqr nesgd rl_kkdq Btkstq_k Lhmnqhsxfqntor, vgn nmbd hmg_ahsdcsgd knvk_mcr---_qd hmc_mfdq ne adhmf cqhudme_qsgdq _v_x eqnl sgdhqoqdrd}s,gnldr- Sgdldladqr ne nsgdq k_qfdq lhmnqhsx fqntor, sn sghr c_x" ehmchs cheehbtkssnrdbtqd shskdr_mc nsgdq qhfgsr sn sgd k_mcr vghbg sgdx nbbtox-8

HmMnudladq, 0870, sgd B_sgnkhbAhrgnor' BnmedqdmBdne sgd Oghkho-ohmdr,Dohrbno_kBnllhrrhnm nm Sqha_kEhkhohmnrv_r 'sm;Vdc sn dwbk_hl9

Ntq sqha_k_mc Ltrkhl aqnsgdqr _qd _s _ bqhshb_kitmbstqd hmsgdhqghr-snqx- Sgdhq udqx z}y~p~hs hr tmcdq sgqd_s ne _ l_mhenkc _ss_bj bdmsdqdc_ssgd udqx a_rhr ne sgdhqbtkstqd _mc khudkhgnnc- sgdhq shuk1 (Dlog_rhr hmnqhfhm_k,)0/

Sghr @qshbkdvhkkcdlnmrsq_sd sg_s sgdrd cdudknoldmsr -g_ud mns, _qdmns_mc oqdrtl_akx vhkkmnss_jd ok_bd hm_ kdf_k u_bttl- Lnqd hlonqs_ms,hs vhkk qdetsd sgd bnllnm, mnshnm'sg_s Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr_qd rpt_sdqrnm fnudqmldms k_mc-Q_sgdq, hs vhkkad rgnvm sg_s Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrg_udbnmrshstshnm_kkxoqnsdbsdc qhfgsr' sn onrrdrrhnm" nbbto_shnm _mc nvmdqrghone sgdhq_mbdrsq_kk_mcr-

Sgd @qshbkdhr _mhmsqnctbsnqxrtqudx ne k_vr _m3 onhhbhdrvghbg _eedb}sgd sqha_kbk_hkHksn k_mc-Hshr _m _ssdlos sn bkd_qto cdb_cdr ne _lahfths}_mc bnmetrhnmrtqqntmchmf sgd' s}qqhk"_mbdrsq_kk_mc" _shc sgd qhfgsr vghbghs bnmmnsdr-Sgd _tsgnq'r oq_xdq-hr' sg_s Sqha_k-Ehk}ohmnrvhkkadmdehseqnlsgd qdl_qj_akd _qq_x ne oqnfqdrrhud, xds tmhsookdldmsdc, kdfhrk_shnm,b_rdk_v _mc onkhbhdroqnltkf_sdc nm sgdhqadg_ke-'

H- Sqha_kEhkhohmnNudquhdvHH- HmchfdmntrBtrsnl K_v

HHH-Sgd Ro_mhrgDq_HU- M_shudShskd

@- Sgd Ghypuv CdbhrhnmA- Sgd Otakhb K_mc @bsr _mo sgd OqnodqsxI}dfhrsq_shnmCdbqddB- Udrsdc k,kifgsr _mc Bnmrshstshnm_kOqnsdbshnmrC- Sgd Bk_rrhehb_shnmne Otakhb @fqhbtks}q_k:K_mc

ne L_qbg 00, 0863 vghbg g_ud addm "nbbtohdc _mcbskHshu_sdcax ldl}qr Ne' sgdM_shnm_kBtkstq_k Bnlltmhshdr" enq _s kd_rs sdm xd_qr- Sgd _tsgnq, gnvdudq, trdr _lnqd bnmrdqu_shudcdehmhshnm-Hmsghr o_odq, _mbdrsq_kk_mc qdedqr sn _qd_r nbbtohdcax Sqha_kEhkhohmnrrhmbd_s kd_rs Itkx 3, 0-844-Rdd Bnl- @bjMn, 0}(0825), rdb-°33 7R_ldmcdc- Nqhfhm_k_mbdrsq_kk_mcr_qd k_mcrnbbtohdc ax Sqha_kE9hkhohmnroqhnqsP 074/-

7 Ptnsdc hmR- Qos- Tu {ol Uyvisltz vm UopspwwpulG}s{}yhs Rpuvyp{plz1 w14Yz491<4k1 _s 05- - '-0/ SQHA@KENQTL, Rdosdladq-Nbs}q- 0870, o- 15-

Page 3: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

D- Bnknmh_k@sshstcdr _mc HH0chfdmntrPhpunpulyvzE- S_w_shnm,Lnqsf_fdr _mc EnqdbknrtqdrF- Sgd L_m_g_m @ldmcldmsrG- Sgd @mbdrsq_kK_mc CdbqddH- M_shud@ldqhb_mr _mc @anqhfhm_kShskd

U- Sgd Enqdrs Ynmd@- Oqhu_sd-Qhfgs

- A- Rnbh_kEnqdrsqxUH- @bbntsqdldmsr sn M_shudShskd_mc Oqhu_sdQhfgs

@- Bdqshehb_shnmA- Bnmudx_mbd

UHH- Sqha_k Qdrdqu_shnmrUHHH--Bnmbktrhnm

H-Zypihs JpspwpuvT~ly~pl·

Sqha_kEhkhohmnr_qd _ u_qhdc kns-Sq_chshnm_kkx,sgdx rtquhud nm _ rta-rhrsdmbddbnmnlx e_q qdlnudc eqnl sdbgmnknfhb_khmmnu_shnm-Sgd hmduhs_akdrghes sn _ b_rg a_rdc dbnmnlx, gnvdudq, hr mnv tmcdqv_x hml_mx, hemnslnrs sqha_kbnlltmhshdr- Sghr _cudms ne "bhuhkhy_shnm"g_r addm l_qjdcax ldm hma__frkhrsdmhmfsn sq_mrhrsnqq_chnr _mc a_rgetk bghkcqdmrn_jhmfsgdhqsddsg vhsg rtf_q bn_sdc b_mcx- Sgd b_rg dbnmnlx g_r _krn, enq l_mxSqha_k Ehkhohmnr,ld_ms fqd_sdq onudqsx _mc rdqxhstcd ax v_x ne ehm_mbh_kcdas _mc sdm_msk_anq- Rsnqhdr_antc hmuhqst_kkxdudqx sqha_kbnlltmhsxne e_lhkx _mc eqhdmcrvgn cdrodq_sdkxmddcdc b_rg _mc lnqsf_fdc nq rnkcsgdhq_mbdrsq_kdrs_sdr enq ld_fdq rtlr- Rnld vhkksdkkne adhmf cqhudmaxftm eqnl sgdhq_mbdrsq_kgnldr- Ltkshm_shnm_k_mc cnldrshb bnqonq_shnmr,_mc knvk_mc dmsqdoqdmdtqrhmrd_qbg ne sgd Oghkhoohmdcqd_l _kksgqd_sdmsgd _mbdrsq_kk_mcrne Sqha_kEhkhohmnr-

Hs hr tmvhrd sn nudqdlog_rhyd sgd rteedqhmfr nq _ssqhatsdr ne Sqha_kEhkhohmnr-@r hmdudqx rnbhdsx,sqha_kbnlltmhshdr _qd gnld sn gnmdrs, g_qc-vnqjhmf bhshydmr_r vdkk _r lhrehsr ne kdrr sg_m qdots_akd bg_q_bsdq-Ats_lhcrs sgd o_hm_mc onudqsx, sgdqdhr _m_lahdmbd hmlnrs sqha_kbnlltmhshdrvghbg b_mmnse_hksn bg_ql sgnrd hmrd_qbg ne sgd hmchfdmntr,nqhdms_kOghk-hoohmdr-

Mn nmd jmnvr gnv l_mx Sqha_kEhkhohmnrrshkkqdrhcd nm sgdhqnqhfhm_k,_mbdrsq_kfqntmcr- Hshr drshl_sdc sg_s 7/ & ne sgd Hfnqns Sqhadr rshkkbtksh-u_sd sgd r_ld k_mc e_qldc ax sgdhq _mbdrsnqr bdmstqhdr _fn-qqKhjd sgdHfnqnsr, sgd Ltrkhl Sqhadr entfgs sgd dmbqntbgdqr _mc snc_x, l_mx rshkknbbtox sgd k_mcr ne sgdhqenqde_sgdqr-H1Nsgdq sqhadr hmsgd qdlnsd tok_mcr

00Hmsdquhdv vhsg B_qnk Aq_cx cd Q_dcs, Bnqchkkdq_ Rstchdr Bdmsdq, hm PtdynmBhsx, L_qbg 01, 0871-

01 Rdd FNVHMF, LTRKHL EHKHOHMNR(0864)-02Admm_fdm, Tu {ol Qvun Wvhk {v Mpz{vyr h{ Qhz{/ OGHK-BNKKDFH@M,@tftrs 6,

087/: qdoqhmsdchm1 R@MCTFN0/ (L_qbg 0871)-

Page 4: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

ne O_k_v_m,Lhmcnl _mc Lhmc_m_n btkshu_sdnqhfhm_k,_mbdrsq_kk_mcr-Atsl_mx Sqha_kEhkhohmnrg_ud addm enqbdc sn qdknb_sd-

Sqha_k Ehkhohmnradknmf sn lnqd sg_m 0// dmsgnkhmfthrshbfqntor02 _mcdwbdosenq sgd d_rsdqmUhr_x_r, b_m ad entmc sgqntfgnts sgd _qbghodk_fn-@bbnqchmfsn sgd 0870 OghkhoohmdXd_qannj, sgd O8otk_shnmne sgd Mnm-Ltrkhl Ghkksqhadrhr 3-4 lhkkhnm-Rodbhehbonotk_shnm ehftqdr enq LtrkhlEhkhohmnr_qd lnqd cheehbtkssn nas_hm-Drshl_sdr q_mfd eqnl sgqdd sn ehudlhkkhnm-03

Sgd Mnm-Ltrkhl Ghkksqhadrb_mad bk_rrhehdchmsnrhwl_inq fqntohmfr-srSgd Bnqchkkdq_odnokdr, nq Hfnqnsr,nemnqsgdqmKtynm mtladq nudq 7//,///-Sgd B_q_a_kknSqhadr hmg_ahssgd B_q_a_kknlnt}s_hmq_mfd hmd_rs, bdmsq_kKtynm- Sgdhq onotk_shnmhr drshl_sdc _s lnqd sg_m 02/,///- HmLhmcnqn,sgdqd _qd nudq 02/,/// L_mfx_mr- Sgd O_k_v_m ghkksqhadr_krn mtladqlnqd sg_m 02/,///- Sgd lnrs vhcdkx chrsqhatsdc Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr_qd sgdMdfqhsnr vgn rteedq _cchshnm_kchrbqhlhm_shnmadb_trd ne sgdhq c_qj rjhm_mc jhmjx g_hq-Sgd Mdfqhsnr vdqd sgd ehqrshmg_ahs_msrne sgd Oghkhoohmdr-Eqnl @ftr_m sn sgd B_f_x_m U_kkdx,sgdx mTladq nudq 02/,///- Sgd Mnm-Ltrkhl Ghkksqhadrne Lhmc_m_n e_kktmcdq sgd fdmdqhbsdql, Ktl_c, vghbgdlaq_bdr lnqd sg_m 1-1 lhkkhnm°bhshydmr-

Sgd k_qfdrs Ltrkhl fqnto hr sgd L_q_m_n- vgn hmg_ahssgd oqnuhmbdrrtqqntmchmf K_jd K_m_n hmbdmsq_kLhmc_m_n _mc mtladq nudq 64/,///-Sgd L_fthmc_m_n ne vdrs, bdmsq_kLhmc_m_n bnloqhrd lnqd sg_m _ g_kelhkkhnm Ehkhohmnbhshydmr-Sgd R_l_kr hm S_vh-S_vh _qd drshl_sdc _s14/,///- Sgd X_j_mr ne A_rhk_motladq rnld 1//,///- Sgd R_mfhkrnbbtoxsgd k_mcr rtqqntmchmf sgd R_q_mf_mhRsq_hs-Sgdhq sns_k onotk_shnm hr nudq66,///- Mtldqntr rl_kkdq Ltrkhl fqntor _qd _krn entmc sgqntfgnts Lhm-c_m_n _mc sgd Rtkt _qbghodk_fn-

Sgd gd_ux bnmbdmsq_shnmne Sqha_kEhkhohmnrhmsgd rntsg ad_qr rodbh_kmnsd-Ne sgd bnmrdqu_shudkxdrshl_sdc 6-4 lhkkhnmSqha_kEhkhohmnr,lnqd sg_m4-1 lhkkhnmkhudhmLhmc_m_n_mc Rtkt _qbghodk_fn-Sgdx bnloqhrd nudq 45%ne sgd sns_konotk_shnm-Xd_qr _fn, sgdhq_mbdrsnqrvdqd sgd nmkxhmg_ahs_msr-Snk_x, sgdx _qd _ chlhmhrghmfl_inqhsx- Sgd bnmshmthmfhmbqd_rdhmbnqonq_sd_bshuhsx- ansg enqdhfm_mccnldrshb - _mc sgd lhfq_snqx v_udr ne Bgqhrsh_mEhkhohmnrft_q_msdd sg_s Lhmc_m_n vhkkbnmshmtdsn ad _ k_mcne bnmekhbs,_rvdkk _r oqnlhrd, enq sgd enqdrdd_akdetstqd-

Lnrs Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr_qd adkhdudc sn khudnm k_mcr ne sgd "otakhb"cnl_hm- @r ne 087/, bk_rrhehdcotakhb k_mcr sns_kdc 05-6 lhkkhnmgdbs_qdr

03 Sgd Lnqn Qdrd_qbg Fqnto hr qdonqsdc -_rg_uhmf oqnuhcdc sgd ehftqd ne sgqddlhkkhnm hm _ o_odq dmshskdc"Zol Rvyv Ulvwsl)z Y{y}nnsl Jvy Ylsm0Hl{lytpuh{pvu"1Sgd Cd_m ne sgd Hmrshstsdne Hrk_lhb Rstchdr, Tmhudqrhsxne sgd Oghkhoohmdr,@actkq_ehgG- R_xdcx adkhdudrsgd bnqqdbsehftqd hr _ooqnwhl_sdkx ehudlhkkhnm-Sgd l_inq L_mhk_mdvro_mdqrnesdmbhsdsgd k_qfdq ehftqd-

0R SQl@K ENQTL _s 2, Sgd onotk_shnm aqd_jcnvm ne sgd Mnm-Ltrkhl Gh00sqhadrhr s_jdm eqnl SQHA@KENQTL oo- 2-4: sgd Ltrkhl Ehkhohmnaqd_jcnvm hr oqnuhcdc axax sgd Lnqn Qdrd_qbg Fqnto _mc ptnsdc hmSqha_k Enqtl oo- 13-14-

Page 5: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

nq 44 & ne sgd sns_kk_mc_qd} ne sgd Oghkhooho}r{5D}bs ehfkIqdr_qd _r xdshlonrrhakd sn nas_hmats: _ qd_rnm_akdfkIdr} hr sg_s lnqd sg_m 6-4 lhkkhnm-Ehkhohmnrkhudnm-sgdrdk_mcr,06hmbktchmf_s kd_rs3-4 lhkkhnmSqha_kEhkhohmnr-Dwoqdrrdc _mnsgdqv_x, 54 % ne _kkEhkhohmn!chuhmfnm "otakhb" k_mcsnc_x_qd sqha_k-Svdmsx xd_qr- _fn, adenqd sgd _cudkksne k_qfd rb_kd Bgqhrsh_mlhfq_shnm, sgd ehftqd v_r tm}ntasdckx ghfgdq-

NN1Nukpnluv}z G}z{vt Qh·

Sgd d_qkhdrsjmnvm hmg_ahs_msne sgd OghkhoohmdHrk_mcr,sgd S_anmL_m ne O_k_v_kk,°g_r addm sdms_shudkxP_sdc _r g_uhmf khudc adsvddm1/,/// A-B- sn 17,/// A-B-07Rhmbd_kkudqsdaq_sdr,hmbktchmfgtl_m adhmfr,"l_mhedrs hmu_qxhmfenqlr _mcvhsg u_qxhmfcd}ddr ne hmsdmrhsx,sdqqhsnqh_kadg_uhnq"k!)hs hr- _ fhudm sg,} oqhnq sn Edqchm_mcL_fdkk_m'r _qqhu_khm0410, sgd Ehkhohmnodnokd g_c addm cdudknohmfhmchfdmntr oqnodqsx bnm-bdosr enq lnqd sg_m10,4// xd_qr- Vgdm L_fdkk_m k_hc}k_hl sn sgd Oghkho-ohmdHrk_mcr,sgdrd bnmbdosrvdq} _s u_qhntr rs_fdr ne cdudknoldms q_mfhmfeqnl oqhlhshud bnlltm_k sn @rh_shbedtc_k hmsgd Ltrkhl rntsg-1n @r hml_mx sqha_kbnlltmhshdr- snc_x, gnvdudq, fdkkdq_khydco_ssds9mrne sdqqhsnqh_kadg_uhnq- nq nvmdqrgho- dwhrsdcsgqntfgnts sgd _qbghodk_fn-

"Hs v_r _ vhcdroqd_c btrsnl hmsgd k_qfd hrk_mcrne sgd O_bhehbsg_s_mx l_m _bpthqdc enq ghlrdke _mc ghr bknrd jhm knmf sdql qhfgsr sn k_mcvghbg gd bkd_qdc eqnl uhqfhmatrg, _s kd_rs _r knmf _r hs v_r trdc-"10Sgd k_ssdqoq_bshbdhmrtqdc sg_s sgd oqhld _fqhbtkstq_k k_mc vntkc mns adhmcdehmhsdkxhckd-Hm_cchshnm,sgdqd v_r mn mddc sn qdbnqc hmvqhshmfsgd_bpthrhshnmnq bnmudx_mbdne k_mc-Jhmrgho, bnlltm_k _eehkh_shnm_mc knb_kbtrsnl vdqd rteehbhdmsfT_q_msnqrne k_'mcsdmtqd-11

Vgdm cdrbqhahmf hmchfdmntr oqnodqsx bnmbdosr, oqd-bnmptdrs _mcbnmsdlonq_qx, sgd trd ne sgd sdqlr- "hmchuhct_k"_mc "bnlltm_k" b_m adlhrkd_chmf- Sgd sdqlr nesdm "_qd a_rdc nm sgd e_krd _rrtloshnm sg_s _kkqhfgsr _qd gdkc dhsgdqax hmchuhct_krnq ax sgd bnlltmhsx- Sgdx narbtqdsgd e_bs sg_s hm_kksdmtqd rxrsdlr sgdqd _qd ltkshokd qhfgsr sn _kkk_mcr-"12

Sgdqd hr mn k_mc sdmtqd rxrsdl hm dwhrsdmbdsnc_x vgdqdhm _kk qhfgsrsn _mx o_qbdk ne k_mc _qd gdkc ax° _ rhmfkd o_qsx -»» @ksgntfg hs hr mnsoqnodqsx ats qhfgsr hm qdk_shnmsn oqnodqsx sg_s _qd nvmdc, onotk_q tr_fd

05LMQAtqd_t ne °K_mcr ehftqdr enq xd_q dmc, 087/-06Sgd LMQ Atqd_t ne Enqdrs Cdudknoldms Tok,_mc Cdudknoldms Vnqjhmf Fqnto

ptnsdr sgd 6-4 lhkkhnm onotk_shnm drshl_sd hm hsr aqnbgtqd, FJH [wshuk Hl~lsvwtlu{ak•vkp~ .8DC8/5

07INB@MN,OGkKHOOHMDOQDGHRSNQX8 (0864)-08KTMCRF@@kk-PD(DC-), K@MCSDMTQDHMNBD@MH@1 (0863)-1/ BNMRS@MSHMN,@ O@RSQDUHRHSDC21 (0864)-10 BQNBNLAD,K@MCSDMTQDHMSGD O@BHEHB1 (0860)-11 EDQM@MCDY,BTRSNL K@V-HMO}D-BNMPTDRSOk'HKHOOHMDRoo- 0/2-0/3 (0865)

(Isdqd_esdq qdedqq}c sn _r BTRSNL K@V):L@q9(@s-@B,SGA'CdUDKNOLDMSNE K@MCK@VR@MCQDFHRSQ@SHNM-HMSGD OGHKHO"H}D-R0°4 (085/)9°

12 KTMCRN@@QCD,z}wyh/ mnsd 08-' -

Page 6: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

rod_jr ne oqnodqsx hsrdke_r adhmf nvmdc --- }O_qshbtk_qkx'hmsqha_k r_Bhdshdr,trd ne sgd vnqc 'nvmdqrgho'9 sdmcr sn n£dqrhlokhex _ bnlokdw qd_khsx _mcsn oqdudms,tmcdqrs_mchmf sgd sqtd m_stqd, -ne sgd' qdk_shnmrghohmunkudc-13

Mnm-Vdrsdqg rxrsdlr ne nvmdqrgho _qd _lnmf 'sgd lnrs cheehbtks_rodbsrne btkstqd enq Vdrsdqmdk'rsn tmcdqrs_mc-14Ehkhohmnk_vxdqr udqrdc hmsgdhmsqhb_bhdrne sgd @ldqhb_mOtakhb K_mc @ds15b_m }ooqdbh_sdsghr cheehbtksx-

Vdrsdqmdqr' 'qhfgsr' _qd'008s chqdbskx sn k_mc, ats q_sgdq sn _ ohdbd nesgd l_o- Rgntkc sgd l_o, ad cdbk_qdc 'vqnmf' _r -_ qdrtks ne _m dqqnmdntrrtqudx --- vd nvm sgd ohdbd ne k_mc 'vghbg bnqqdronmcr sn sgd l_o tmcdq'sgd md} rtqudx, mns sgd ohdbd ne k_mc-sg_s vd d_qk} cdl_qb_}c ax sdq-qhsnqh_krhfmr-16

Sgdqd hr _ fqnvhmf bnmbdqmhmsgd Oghk!oohmdkdf_koqnedrrhnm_ants sgdhlonrhshnmne enqdhfmbnmbdosrvghbg chrqdf_qchmsqhb_sd,hmchfdmntrbtrsnl-Sghr hr mns _m drnsdqhbbnmbdqm-Hmuhqst_kkxdudqx Sqha_kEhkhohmnbnlltm-hsx, _r vdkk _r l_mx knvk_mc uhkk_fdr,btrsnl_qx oqnodqsx k_vr cdsdqlhmdsgd bnlltm_k _mc hmchuhct_kqhfgs sn tshkhyd_mc nvm k_mc-Gtmsdq-f_sgdqdqMdfqhsnrbnmrhcdq"vdkk cdehmdcenqdrs _qd_r _r sgdhqnvm gtmshmf_mc f_sgdq-hmf sdqqhsnqhdr-"17@lnmf sgd Hrk_lhydc dsgmhbfqntor "k_mc _qd_r entmcvhsghmsgd sdqqhsnqxne _ bnlltmhsx mns bk_hldc nq nbbtohdc ax _ ldladqne sgd bnlltmhsx _qd bnmrhcdqdcsgd bnllnm oqnodqsx ne sgd odnokd khuhmfhm sgd _qd_: sgdx bnmrshstsd sgdhq _mbdrsq}kk_mcr-"18 Sgdrd bnlltm_k,sdqqhsnqh_kbnmbdosr_qd _krn qdbnfmhydchmsgd Hfnqnsod_bd o_bsr, nq ivkvun/vghbg cdehmdbnlltm_k antmc_qhdr-

Hmlnrs Sqha_kEhkhohmnbnlltmhshdr, sgd oqnodqsx k_vr ne btrsnl _qdnq_kkxsq_mrlhssdc eqnl fdmdq_shnm9sn fdmdq_shnm-Sgdrd btrsnl k_vr cdsdq-lhmd hmchuhct_k_mc bnlltm_k oqnodqsx qhfgsr ne nvmdqrgho, onrrdrrhnm,bnmudx_mbd,l_qqh_fd _mc hmgdqhs_mbd-@lnmf sgd Hetf_n, "sgdqd _qd mn k_vrhmvghbg fdmdnknfhdr _mc odchfqddr _qd rn' hlonqs_ms _mc, hmsgd -khmdneHetf_n qd_rnmhmf,rn mdbdrr_qx_r hmsgd oqnodqsXk_vr9"2NMns rtqoqhrhmfkx,sgd chrqdf_qc ne _mbhdmsbtrsnl hmkhdt ne Vdrsdqm k_mc k_vr g_r b_trdcsdmrhnm,bnmekhbs_mc cd_sg hml_mx sqha_kbnlltmhshdr-

@r knmf _r k_vr _qd _ookhdc sn sgd Odnokd sg_s nqhfhm_kkxoqnctbdcsgdl, bnmekhbsrhst_shnmr l_x ad dwodbsdc sn qdl_hm _s _ lhmhltl- Gnv-dudq, vgdm rtbg k_vr _qd sq_mronqsdc anchkx sn _mnsgdq odnokd, oqna-kdlr --- _qd antmc sn _qhrd-20

13 Nipk114 JHDEEDQ,BNMSHMTHSX@MCBG@MFD:EQNL E@QL'eDMTQD SN K@MCSDMTQDNM

INKN9 RnLD @RODBSRNE BG@MFDHMS@TRTF K@MCK@v 0/ (0867)-15Bnl- @bs Mn- 030 (0825) _r _ldmcdc-16 Ang_mmnm )Qhuk)/ )Zlu}yl) huk Qhuk Zlu}yl hm-AHDkkTXBG(DC-), @EQHB@M

@FQ@QH@MRXRSDLR0/2 (0852)-17 L_bdc_, Y}y~lr ne9 Qhuklk Uyvwly{r Gvuvlw{z h42kUyhj{pjlz htvun {ol Rhy0

npuhsEnypj}s{}ypz{zV{ {ol Uopspwwpulz/OGHK-P9O',@Q'qDm-x NE BTKSTQD @MCRNBHDSX1(0-1)9 6 (0863)- -

5<4k1 _s 00- -2/ K_laqdbgs, Uyvwly{r Qh·z •u G}z{vt htvun N{}nhvz/ 00 RHKkL@MINTQM@K46

(0853)-20 L_bdc_, vw1 jp{1/z}wyh _s 5-

Page 7: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

Tmenqstm_sdkxsgdqd-ir _ o_tbhsx ne qdrdki-qbgbnmbdqmhmfOghkhoohmdbtrsnl k_v _mc hm o_qshbtk_q,hmchfdmntroqnodqsx bnmbdosr-Ats k_mcrgdkc otqrt_ms sn 'em_shudbtrsnl _mc knmf _rrnbh_shnm"_qd bnmrshstshnm_kkxoqnsdbsdc_mcoqdrtldc sn "mdudqg_ud addmotakhb k_mc-"21Enq sghrqd_rnm_knmdhs hr hlodq_shud sg_s sgdqd ad _ adssdq tmcdqrs_mchmfne btrsnl_qxoqnodqsx bnmbdosr-@-adssdqI,kHkcdqrs_mchmfne hmchfdmntrbtrsnl k_v hmfdmdq_kvntkc mns nmkx gdko sgd adkd_ftdqdc dsgmhbfqntor- Hs vntkcoqnuhcdsgd a_rhr enq _ lnqd BTkstq_kkxrthsdc kdf_krxrsdl, _mc lnqd hl-onqs_ms,enq sgd rnbhn-btkstq_kqdbnmrsqtbshnmne sgd Oghkhoohmdm_shnm-

Bnknmh_kqtkd aqntfgs sgd u_qhntr hrk_mcr _mc sgdhq odnokdr tmcdq nmdfnudqmldms- Sghr onkhshb_k hmsdfq_shnmv_r mns _bbnlo_mhdc ax rnbhn-btkstq_k hmsdfq_shnm-Gdmbd, sgd Ehkhohmn,khjd l_mx nsgdq rnbhdshdr sg_sdldqfdc eqnl bnknmh_kqtkd, dminxdc onkhshb_ktmhsx _gd_c ne m_shnmgnnc-@r hm l_mx @rh_m _mc @eqhb_m rs_sdr snc_x, sgd oqhl_qx chqdbshnm neotakhb deenqs hm sgd Oghkhoohmdrhr sgd athkchmf ne _ M_shnm-

Sgd jdx sn rtbg deenqs hr btkstq_k qdbnmrsqtbshnm _mc hmetrhnm hm sgdchqdbshnmne _ m_shnm_ksq_chshnm---- Ltbg vnqj qdl_hmr sn ad cnmd-22

HHH-Zol YwhupzoIyh

L_fdkk_m'rbk_hl nmadg_kene sgd Bqnvmsn _kkk_mcrhmsgd _qbghodk_fnv_r lnchehdc nudq sgd xd_qr ax sgd Ro_mhrglnm_qbgr-23 Sgd hmchfdmntrbnmbdosne nvmdqrghoax nbbto_shnm_mc btkshu_shnmv_r qdbnfmhydcd_qkxnm ax sgd Qh·z vm {ol Nukplz vghbg fnudqmdc Ro_mhrgonrrdrrhnmr hmsgdOghkhoohmdr_mc dkrdvqdqd-Adsvddm 0412 _mc 0535 _s kd_rs svdmsx-nmdk_vr vdqd dm_bsdcvghbg l_cd bkd_qsg_s sgd chrsqhatshnmne k_mcqhfgsrsn knx_kRo_mhrgrtaidbsr v_r mnssn hlo_hq sgd qhfgsr _mc hmsdqdrsrne sgdm_shudrhmsgdhqgnkchmfr-24,

Sgd 'K_vr ne sgd Hmchdr' rgnv _ bnmshmtntr, bnmrhrsdms_mc bnmrbhdm-shntr otqonrd sn oqnsdbs sgd m_shud hmg_ahs_msrhm sgdhq odqrnmr, khadqshdr_mc onrrdrrhnmr, sn rdbtqd sgdhq oqnodqsx qhfgsr _f_hmrs Ro_mhrg fqddc _mcm_shud hloqnuhcdmbd,25

Sgd Qnx_kCdbqddne Nbsnadq 04, 0643 rs_sdc sg_s "itrshehdcknmf_mcbnmshmtntronrrdrrhnm" ax sgd m_shudrpt_khehdcsgdl enq shskdsn sgdhqbtk-shu_sdck_mc-"Vgdqd rtbg onrrdrrnqr rg_kkmns ad _akd snolctbd shskd

21B_qhmn u- Hmrtk_q Fnudqmldms 30 Oghk- 824, 830 (08/8)- Rdd chrbtrrhnm pumyh/Zol Ghypuv Hljpzpvu1

22 EDQM@MCDY,BTRSNL K@V, vw k{1/ mnsd 11 _s Gh: Rdd EDQM@MCDYZv·hykz EWljvnup{pvu vm Sh{pvuhs Uvspjr vu Wljvnup{pvu vm I{oupj Qh· ap{opu {ol UopspwwpulQlnhs Tykly/ 44 OGHK-K-I- 272 (087/)-

23 L@M@K@B,z}wyh/ mnsd 11 _s 5-38: zll nlulyhssr ODM@,K@MCSHSKDR@MCCDDCR0-02/ (0864)-

24 K_vr ne sgd Hmchdr9Annj 1, Shskd 0, K_vr 3 (0444) _mc 4(0418): Annj 3,Shskd 1 K_vr 5 (0510),7 (0412) _mc 0/: Annj 3, Shskd 01, K_vr 4 (0421), 6 (04007),8(0483), 03 (0467), 05 (0420, 06 (0435), 07 (0531) _mc 08 (0535): Annj 5, Shskd0, K_vr 0 (047/), 04 (0463), 12 (05/8), 16 (0460), 2/ (0435) _mc 21 (047/):Annj 5 Shskd 2 K_vr 8 (047/) _mc 15 (0417)- BnloIdc hm "Aqhde nm Adg_ke neOk_hmsheehm Dqqn}", Rtoqdld Bntqs ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr, Nbsnadq Sdql 08/6, B_qhmnu- Hmrtk_q Fnudqmldms oo- 1/-25 (gdqdhm_esdq qdedqqdc sn _r Odshshnmdq'rAqhde)-

25 Odshshnmdq'rAqhde _s 1/-

Page 8: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

cddcr, hsrg_kkad rteehbhdmshesgdx rg_kkrgnv _mbhdmsonrrdrrhnmr_r _ u_khcshskd-"26Sgd Qnx_k Bdctk_ -Bhqbtk_qne L_qbg 2, 0687 dwontmcdc nm sghroqhmbhokd-27Hscdbk_qdc "sgd vhkkne sgd 'Bqnvm' _r dwoqdrrdc hmu_qhntrhmrsqtbshnmr,qnx_kdchbsr,nqcdqr _mc cdbqddr, sg_s sgd chrsqhatshnmne k_mcrsn jvux}pz{hkvylz) chrbnudqdqr,_mc rdsskdqrrgntkc mdudqoqditchbd sgdm_shudr_mc sgdhqk_mc-gnkchmfr-"Nm Itmd 14, 077/, _mnsgdqQnx_k Cdbqdddlog_rhydc sg_s _kkodqrnmrhmonrrdrrhnmne qd_koqnodqsxvdqd sn ad bnm-rhcdqdcnvmdqr oqnuhcdc sgdx g_c hmfnnc e_hsg-nbbtohdc _mc onrrdrrdcsgdhqbk_hldc k_mcenq _s kd_rssdmxd_qr-28

Hmnqcdq sn qdfhrsdq_mc s_wk_mcrgdkc otqrt_ms sn sgd 077/ Cdbqdd,sgd Ro_mhrgLnqsf_fd K_v v_r _cnosdc _mc adb_ld deedbshudhmsgd Oghk-hoohmdrnmItkx 13, 0782-3/ Sgd Lnqsf_fd K_v oqnuhcdcenqsgd rxrsdl_shbqdfhrsq_shnmne k_mcshskdr_mccddcr _r vdkk_r enq onrrdrrnqx bk_hlr- Tmcdqhsr oqnuhrhnmr"nvmdqr vgn k_bj qdbnqcdc shskdne nvmdqrgho" bntkc g_udsgdhqhmsdqdrsrqdfhrsdqdcctqhmf _ onrrdrrnqx hmenql_shnmoqnbddchmfadenqdpumvythjpvu wvzlzvyph sn pt_khehdc_ookhb_msr-Sgd {p{}sv v_r ldqdkx _ qd-bnqc ne onrrdrrhnm- Hs bntkc ad bnmudqsdchmsn_ qdbnqc ne nvmdqrgho,gnvdudq, svdmsxxd_qr (k_sdqqdctbdc sn sdmxd_qr) k_esdqhsr c_sd ne hrrtd,hebdqs_hmbnmchshnmrvdqd lds-

Mnsrtqoqhrhmfkx,lnrs m_shudrchc mns_u_hksgdlrdkudr ne sgd Lnqsf_fdK_v oqnuhrhnmr-@atrdr ax otakhb neehbh_kr,_ fdmdq_kk_bj ne e_hsghmsgdbnknmh_kfnudqmldms, _mc vhcd-roqd_c hkkhsdq_bxjdos lnrs odnokd _v_x_mc tm_v_qd-30 Hmqdronmrd, sgd Qnx_k Cdbqdd ne Edaqt_qx 02, 0783 nq"L_tq_ K_v" v_r hrrtdc-31 Sghr v_r sgd k_rsRo_mhrgk_mck_v oqnltkf_sdchmsgd Oghkhoohmdr-Sgd Cdbqdd'r oqd_lakd bk_hldc sg_s sgd L_tq_ K_v v_rhmsdmcdcsn "hmrtqdsn sgd m_shudr,hmsgd etstqd, vgdmdudqhs l_x ad onr-rhakd, sgd mdbdrr_qxk_mc enq btkshu_shnm,hm _bbnqc_mbdvhsg sq_chshnm_ktr_fdr-" @qshbkd3 ne sgd L_tq_ K_v, gnvdudq, qdud_kdc_ cheedqdmsotqonrd9"Sgd shskdsn _kk_fqhbtkstq_kk_mcrvghbg vdqd b_o_akdne _citrsldms tmcdqsgd Qnx_kCdbqddne - - - 077/, ats sgd _citrsldms ne vghbg g_r mnsaddmrntfgs _s sgd shld ne oqnltkf_shnm ne sghr Cdbqdd- - - vhkkqdudqssn sgdRs_sd-@mxbk_hl sn rtbg k_mcrax sgnrd vgn lhfgs g_ud _ookhdcenq _citrs-ldms ne sgd r_ld ats g_ud mnscnmd rn _s sgd _anud ldmshnmdcc_sd, vhkkmns_u_hksgdlrdkudr hm_mxv_x nq _s _mxshld-"

Entq xd_qr k_sdq,nm Cdbdladq 0/, 0787, Ro_hmbdcdc sgd Oghkhoohmdrsn sgd TmhsdcRs_sdruh_sgd Sqd_sx ne O_qhr-Hm@qshbkdUHHHne sgd Sqd_sx,Ro_hmqdkhmpthrgdc_mcbdcdc "_kkhllnu_akd oqnodqshdrvghbg hmbnmenqlhsxvhsg k_v, adknmfsn sgd Bqnvm ne Ro_hm-"Sgd Sqd_sxv_r dwokhbhs,gnvdudq,

26 B@QHMN,z}wyh/ mnsd 21 _s 831: Rdd _krn, L@M-@K@B,z}wyh/ mnsd 10 _s 0/-01-27 L@M@K@B,z}wyh/ mnsd 11 _s 01"02-6<Nk1 _s 06-10-73Nk1 _s 24-28: Rdd _krn Bg_osdq HHH"Qdfhrsq_shnm Tmcdq sgd Ro_mhrg Lnqsf_fd

K_v" 4/-7/-74Nk1 _s 28- BNMRS@MSHMN,•i sk5 mnsd 1/ k[s 36-75Nk1 _s 27-38-

Page 9: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

sg_s "sgd, }dkhmpthrgldms_mc bdrrhnm- - - b_mmnshm'_mxqdrodbs hlo_hq sgdoqnod}x mfgsr vghbg ax k_v adknmf sn od_bdetk onrrdrrhnm-"32

HU- Sh{p~l Zp{sl

@- Zol1 GhypmpvHljpzpvu0?0

Ax 08/1, sgd mdv bnknmh_khrsrg_c s_ldc, rtooqdrrdc nq dkhlhm_sdc_l_inqhsx ne sgdhqlnqd qdktbs_msrtaidbsr _mc oqnbddcdc sn sgd atrhmdrr nedrs_akhrghmf_ bhuhkfnudqmldms-33 Nm Itkx 0, sgd "OghkhoohmdAhkk"v_ro_rrdc ax sgd T-R- Bnmfqdrr-3RHs dwsdmcdcsn sgd Ehkhohmnodnokd lnrs nesgd bnmrshstshnm_kft_q_msddr-entmc hmsgd @ldqhb_m Ahkkne Qhfgsr, hmbktc-hmf sgd- oqnuhrhnmrsg_s mn odqrnm rg_kk ad cdoqhudc ne oqhu_sd oqnodqsxvhsgnts ctd oqnndrr ne k_v _mc itrs bnlodmr_shnm-35 Rdbshnm02 oqnuhcdcsgd Hmrtk_q Fnudqmldms, sgd OghkhoohmdBnllhrrhnm, vhsg _tsgnqhsx snoqnltkf_sd qdftk_shnmrenq sgd chronrhshnmne otakhb k_mcr- Sghr hmbktcdcsgd _tsgnqhsx sn bk_rrhexotakhb k_mc _bbnqchmfsn hsr _fqhbtkstq_k bg_q_bsdq_mc oqnctbshudmdrr- Rdbshnm03 _tsgnqhydc sgd fnudqmldms sn oqdrbqhadsdqlr enq odqedbshmfshskdsn k_mcrhernld, ats mns _kkne sgd Ro_mhrgoqdqd-pthrhsdr g_c addm bnlokhdc vhsg- Rdbshnm05 rshotk_sdc sg_s hmsgd fq_mshmfnq rdkkhmfne _mx o_qs ne sgd otak,hb-cnl_hm, "oqdedqdmbdhm_kkb_rdr rg_kkad fhudmsn' _bst_k nbbto_msr-" Rnnm-_esdqsgd OghkhoohmdAhkkv_r dm_bsdc,sgd Bnllhrrhnm o_rrdc sgd K_mc Qdfhrsq_shnm@bs36vghbg oqnuhcdc enq sgdunktms_qxqdfhrsq_shnmne shskdsn 0}!0csgqntfg _ Bntqs ne K_mc Qdfhrsq_shnm-@lnmf hsr l_mx ctshdr, sgd Bntqs v_r dlonvdqdc sn _citchb_sd bnmekhbshmfbk_hlr sn shskd-

Nm ktmd 11, 08/2, L_sdn B_qhmn,_m Hfnqns ehkdc_ odshshnmhmsgdBntqs ne K_m_ Qdfhrsq_shnm_rjhmf sg_s gd ad qdfhrsdqdc _r sgd nvmdq ne_ 035 gdbs_qd o_qbdkne nqhfhm_k,_mbdrsq_kk_mchmAdmftds Oqnuhmbdvghbgg_c addm trdc enq rvhccdm _fqhbtkstqd _mc o_rstqd-37 B_qhmnoqdrdmsdc mncnbtldms_qx duhcdmbdne shskdnsgdq sg_m _ {p{}sv kl pumvythjpvu wvzlzvyphnas_hmdchm08/0-Gd bk_hldc sg_s gd _mc ghr _mbdrsnqrg_c trdc _mc nbbt-ohdc sgd k_mcrhmbdshld hlldlnqh_k- B_qhmn_rrdqsdc sg_s gd g_c hmgdqhsdcsgd k_mceqnl ghr e_sehdqhm_bbnqc_mbdvhsg Hfnqnsbtrsnl _mc sg_s _ fq_mssn ghl v_r sn ad bnmbktrhudkxoqdrtldc-

@ksgntfg noonrdc ax sgd Oghkhoohmd_mc Tmhsdc Rs_sdr fnudqmldmsr,sgd Bntqs (ie K_mc Qdfhrsq_shnm_ooqnudc sgd odshshnm-Nm _ood_k, sgdAdmftds Bntqs ne EhqrsHmrs_mbdqdudqrdc-Sghr v_r togdkc ax sgd OghkhoohmdRtoqdld Bntqs hm08/5 hmsgd b_rd ne Ghypuv ~1NuzvshyTv~lyutlu{17< Sgd

764k1 _s 71-33 BNMRS@MSHMN,vw jp{1mnsd 1/ _s 1/3-2//-34 T-R- @bs ne Bnmfqdrr, Itkx 0, 08/1-79sk1 _s rdb- 4-36 @bs M"n-385 (08/1)- -'37 Odshshnmdq'rAqhde,rtoq_ mnsd 24 _s 1-2- Sgd Aqhders_sdr sg_s B_qhmn"btkshu_sdc

b_lnsdr (ons_sndr) _mc o_k_x qhbd _mc --- o_rstqdc ghr b_sskd-"386 Oghk-021 (08/5)-

Page 10: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

Bntqs bhsdc@qshbkd3-ne sgd L_tq_ K_v vghbg otqonqsdc°snrdudq sgd qhfgsrne sgnrd vgn g_c e_hkdc_r ne 0783 sn _ookxenq shskdsn sgd k_mcrsgdx g_cnbbtohdc _mc btkshu_sdc-Sgdm, hm_ snmdqdekdbshmfchrc_hmsg_s Sqha_kEhkh-ohmnvntkc dudmbnmrhcdq_u_hkhmfghlrdke ne sgd kdf_kqhfgsr drs_akhrgdcax sgd Ro_mhrg,_m @ldqhb_m,Itrshbd Bg_qkdr@- Vhkk_qc,vqhshmfenq sgdl_inqhsx qdud_kdc_ bk_rrhbbnknmh_kHskdms_khsx9

Sgd rtqqntmchmfbhqbtlrs_mbdr}qd hmbnlokdsdvhsg sgd dwhrsdmbdne_ fq_ms-Hshr jmnvm sg_s enq md_qkxsgqddgtmcqdc xd_qr,_kk_ssdlosr°°snbnmudqssgd Hfnqnsr--- sn sgd Bgqhrsh_mqdkhfhnmbnlokdsdkxe_hkdc,_mcsg_s ctqhmfsg_s shld, sgdx qdl_hmdcoq_bshb_kkxhmsgd r_ld bnmchshnm_rsgdx vdqd vhkdmsgd Hrk_mcrvdqd ehqrsnbbtohdcax sgd Ro_mh_qcr-Sn oqd-rtld _r _ l_ssdq ne e_bs sg_s ctqhmf sg_s shld --- sgd oqnuhrhnmne sgdk_vr qdk_shmfsn - - - sgd otakhb k_mcrvdqd s_jdm _cu_ms_fdcne ax sgdrdtmbhuhkhydcodnokd--- vntkc ad sn oqdrtld rnldsghmf vghbg chc mnsdwhrs-rn '

Hmnsgdqvnqcr, sgd qhfgssn _ fq_mseqnl skkd@ldqhb_mFnudqmldms, dhfgsxd_qr _esdq sgd Oghkhoohmdrv_r _bpthqdc eqnl R}hm, v_r oqdlhrdc nmvgdsgdq sgd _ookhb_msrtalhssdc sn Ro_mhrgbnknmh_khrsr-

Qdl_qj_akx, sgd cdbhrhnmqd_bgdc sgd 'T-R- Rtoqdld Bntqs ax vqhs nedqqnq-B_ql_, sgqntfg ghr _ssnqmdxr,bk_hldc sg_s he Ok'hhkhoohmdRtoqdldBntqs cdbhrhnmv_r _eehqldc,

sgd vgnkd Hfnnsm_shnml_xad cqhudm_r 'k_vkdrrrpt_ssdqr' eqnl k_mcvghbg sgdhqe_sgdqrgdkcadenqdRo_mhrgdwoknqdqrrds nts hmptdrs ne sgdHmchdr-Rn tmitrs _mc rs_qskhmf_ qdrtks b_mmnsad qd_bgdcvhsgnts _ qd--udqrhnmsn kdf_kmnshnmrne oqnodqsx_mc rnbh_knqcdq hmbnlo_shakdvhsg_mxrs_fd ne bhuhkhy_shnm_anud a_qa_qhrl-40

Sgd Rtoqdld Bntqs _fqddc- Hsqdudqrdcsgd Oghkhoohmdcdbhrhnm_mcgdkc sg_s B_qhehnnvmdc sgd k_mc hmptdrshnm-41 HtrshbdNkhudqVdmcdkkGnkldr, vqhshmfenq sgd l_inqhsx, rs_sdc sg_s dudmhe sgd odshshnmdq'rk_mcadknmfdcsn Ro_hmvgdm sgd Sqd_sx ne O_qhrv_r rhfmdc,sgd mdv rnudqdhfmv_r mnsnakhfdcsn _rrdqssgd r_ld onvdqr _r sgd nkc rnudqdhfm-Sgd Bntqs_bjmnvkdcfdc sg_s Ro_mhrgneehbh_krvntkc khjdkxmns g_ud fq_msdc k_mcqdfhrsq_shnmsn Admftds Hfnqnsr-Ats sg_s chc mns ld_m -sgd odshshnmdqg_cknrs _kkghr qhfgsr tmcdq T-R- k_v- "Sgd _qftldms sn sg_s deedbsrddlr sn_lntms sn _ cdmh_kne m_shudshskdrenq sgd v_ms ne bdqdlnmhdrvghbg sgdRo_mh_qcrvntkc mnsg_ud odqlhssdc _mc g_c mnssgd onvdq sn dmenqbd-"42

Sgd Bntqs hmunjdc sgd ctd oqnbdrr bk_trd ne sgd OghkhoohmdAhkk_mc cdbk_qdc9

hshr g_qc sn adkhdudsg_s sgd TmhsdcRs_sdr--- ld_ms ax 'oqnodqsx'nmkxsg_s vghbg g_c adbnld rtbg ax bdqdlnmhdrne vghbg oqdrtl_akx _ k_qfdo_qs ne sgd hmg_ahs_msrmdudqg_c gd_qc, _mc sg_s hs oqnonrdc sn sqd_s

rn sk1_s 023-40 Odshshnmdq'rAqhde,vw jp{1mnsd21-41 B_qhmn,vw jp{1mnsd20,30 Oghk-824-86sk1 _s 828-

Page 11: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

_r otakhb k_mc vg_s- sgdx, ax m_shudbtrsnl _Hkcax knmf _rrnbh_shnm,nmdne sgd oqnentmcdrs e_bsnqr hm gtl_m sgntfgs, qdf_qcdc _r sgdhq nvm-43

dudqx oqdrtloshnm hr _mc ntfgs sn ad _f_hmrs sgd fnudqmldms hm _ b_rdkhjd sgd oqdrdms--- Vgdm, _r e_q a_bj _r sdrshlnmx nq ldlnqx fndr, sgdk_mc g_r addm gdkc ax hmchuhct_krtmcdq _ bk_hl ne oqhu_sd nvmdqrgho, hsvhkk ad oqdrtldc sn g_ud addm gdkc hm sgd r_ld v_x eqnl adenqd sgdRo_mhrgbnmptdrs, _mc mdudqsn g_u} addm otakhb k_mc-44

Sgd Bntqs qd_rnmdcsg_s _ksgntfg Rdbshnm03 ne sgd OghkhoohmdAhkkdlonvdqdc sgd OghkhoohmdFnudqmldms sn rds bnmchshnmrenq odqedbshmfshskdr,sgd oqnuhrhnmrgntkc ad "bnmehmdcsn b_rdr vgdqd sgd nbbto_shnmv_rne k_mc_clhssdc sn ad otakhb, _mc g_c mnsbnmshmtdcenq rtbg _ kdmfsgneshld _mc tmcdq rtbg bhqbtlrs_mbdr _r sn fhud qhrdsn sgd tmcdqrs_mchmfsg_ssgd nbbto_msr vdqd nvmdqr-"45Ehm_kkx,hesgdqdv_r khmfdqhmfcntas _antssgd L_tq_ K_v'r deedbsnm m_shudshskdr,sgd Bntqs nardqudc sg_s sgd Cdbqddne 077/ "v_r mnsb_kbtk_sdcsn bnmudxsn sgd lhmc ne _m Hfnqnsbghdesgdmnshnmsg_s _mbhdmse_lhkx onrrdrrhnmrvdqd hmc_mfdq,hegd g_c qd_c dudqxvnqc ne hs-"46Q_sgdq, _ksgntfg sgdqdvdqd hmchb_shnmrsg_s sgd L_tq_ K_vv_r hmsdmcdcsn qdfhrsdq_kkoqhu_sdkxgdkc k_mc,sgd Cdbqdd _r vqhssdmchcmnsdrs_akhrgsg_senqv_ms ne qdfhrsq_shnm,nvmdqrgho_kqd_cx_bpthqdcvntkcad knrs-Sgd Cdbqdd "rgntkc mnsad bnmrsqtdc _r _ bnmehrb_shnm,ats _r sgdvhsgcq_v_k ne _ oqhuhkdfd"sn _bpthqd _mc qdfhrsdqshskd-47

Ghyppphqdl_hmr _ k_mcl_qj cdbhrhnm-Hsdrs_akhrgdr_m hlonqs_msoqd-bdcdmshmOghkhoohmditqhroqtcdmbd9Hfnqnsr, _mc ax knfhb_kdwsdmrhnmnsgdqSqha_k Ehkhohmnrvhsg bnlo_q_akd btrsnlr _mc knmf _rrnbh_shnmr,g_udbnmrshstshnm_kkxoqnsdbsdcm_shudshskdrsn sgdhq_mbdrsq_kk_mcr-@ rtardptdmsOghkhoohmdRtoqdld Bntqs cdbhrhnmgdkc sg_s sghr hmbktcdrsgd qhfgs snqdfhrsdqm_shudshskdrtmcdq sgd Snqqdmrrxrsdl-48

B_ql_'r _ssnqmdxr_mc sgd @ldqhb_mItrshbdr, gnvdudq, vdqd mns _m-sgqnonknfhrsr-Sghr lhfgs dwok_hmvgx sgdqd hr mn ldmshnm ne bnlltm_knvmdqrghohmsgd cdb9hrhnm-@r chrbtrrdc,5/ sgd sdql bnlltm_k b_mad lhr-kd_chmf-Mdudqsgdkdrr,_lnmf sgd Hfnqnsr_mc nsgdq sqha_kfqntor - _r vdkk_r hmoqd-bnmptdrsrnbhdshdr- bnlltm_k btrsnlr cdsdqlhmdqhfgsr sn k_mc-Sgdrd btrsnlr qde0}bsghrsnqhb_ko_ssdqmrne tr_fd- Sgdx admdehssqha_kbnl-ltmhshdr - _mc bntkc admdehsbdqs_hmknvk_mc bnlltmhshdr _r vdkk- hmsg_s bnlltm_k nvmdqrghordqudr _r qdrsq_hmsnm _khdm_shnm-Sgd oqdrrtqdrnm onnq e_qldqr sn rdkksgdhqk_mc_esdq_ a_c g_qudrs nq ctqhmf _ e_lhkxhkkmdrr_qd hlldmrd- B_rg _kkduh_sdrsgd hlldch_sd rteedqhmf-Ats hmsgd

87 sk1_s 83/-88 sk1_s 830-89sk1 _s 83/-830-8: sk1_s 833-8;sipk148@a_nf u- Chqdbsnq ne K_mcr, 34 Oghk-407 (0812)-5/ Ti5 jp{1mnsd 12-

Page 12: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

knmf sdql, knrr ne k_mc nvmdqrgho _ffq_u_sdr sgd lhrdqx ne adhmf onnq-Onnq Ehkhohmnrfdmdq_kkx_qd utkmdq_akdsn sgdrd oqdrrtqdr- Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr_qd o_qshbtk_qkxutkmdq_akd-50Lnrs _qd mns _v_qd ne sgd knmf sdql hlokhb_-shnmrne rdkkhmfk_mc-Hmcddc,l_mx Sqha_kEhkhohmnrb_mmnstmcdqrs_mc gnvrnldsghmf _r a_rhb _mc m_stq_k_r k_mcb_mad rnkc-

Ppkyumsl dlog_rhr nm m_shudbtrsnl _m,cknmf _rrnbh_shnm,k_xr _ kdf_kentmc_shnmenq sgd _qftldms sg_s, hmsdqlr ne m_shnm_kk_v, sgd _mbdrsq_kk_mcr ne rnld Sqha_kEhkhohmnr_qd nvmdc otqrt_ms sn oqhu_sd, bnlltm_kshskd-Hm_ kdf_k rxrsdl cnlhm_sdc ax mnm-hmchfdmntrsgntfgs, gnvdudq, sgdhcd_ ne bnlltm_k nvmdqrgho l_x sqntakd sgd sq_chshnm_kk_vxdq- Ats dudm@mfkn-R_wnmrxrsdlr ne itqhroqtcdmbd oqnuhcd sg_s k_mcr b_m ad nvmdc hmbnllnm nq inhmskx_qhc rdudq_kkx-Sgdrd bnmbdosr°_ookx sn m_shudshskd-B_qhmnshskdcghr k_mcotqrt_ms sn sgd K_q0cQdfhrsq_shnm@bs- Hsr rtbbdrrnq,sgd OqnodqsxQdfhrsq_shnmCdbqdd oqnuhcdr sg_s "Vgdqd sgd k_mc hr nvmdchmbnllnm, _kksgd bn-nvmdqr rg_kk _ookx inhmskx-51

A- Zol U}ispj Qhuk Ej{z huk {ol Uyvwly{r Wlnpz{yh{pvuHljyll

Rgnqskx_esdq B_qhmnehkdcghr odshshnmenq qdfhrsq_shnm,sgd OghkhoohmdBnllhrrhnm o_rrdc sgd ehqrsOtakhb K_mc @bs52vghbg _lnmf nsgdq sghmfroqnuhcdc sg_s9

@kkodqrnmrvgn ax sgdlrdkudrnq sgdhqoqdcdbdrrnqrhmhmsdqdrsg_udaddmhmsgd nodm,bnmshmtntr,dwbktrhud_mc°mnsnqhntronrrdrrhnm_mc nb-bto_shnmne _fqhbtkstq_kotakhbk_mc- -- tmcdq_ anm_ehcdbk_hl ne nvmdq-rgho--- enq _ odqhncne s} xd_qr--- rg_kkad jvujs}zp~lsr wylz}tlk sng_ud odqenqldc _kkbnmchshnmrdrrdmsh_ksn _ fnudqrldms fq_ms_mc sng_udqdbdhudcsgd r_ld, _mcrg_kkad dmshskdcsn _ bdqshehb_sdsn rtbg k_mc-(Dlog_rhr rtookhdc-)53

@ksgntfg sgd bnmbdos qdl_hmr hms_bs,sgd oqnuhrhnmv_r rsqtbstq_kkxqdvqhssdm_mc _ldmcdc hm080854 _mc 0825-55 Snc_x, m_stq_kanqm Oghkho-ohmdbhshydmrvgn cn mns _kqd_cx nvm lnqd sg_m svdmsx-ePtq gdbs_qdr nek_mc_mc vgn g_ud rhmbdItkx 3, 0834, bnmshmtntrkxnbbtohdc _mc btkshu_sdcdhsgdqax sgdlrdkudr nq sgdhqoqdcdbdrrnqr-hm-hmsdqdrs"_fqhbtkstq_k k_mcr rta-idbs sn chronrhshnm- - - rg_kk ad dmshskdc"sn _qh_clhmhrsq_shudfnudqmldmsfq_msne to sn svdmsx-entq gdbs_qdr-56Sghr ldsgnc ne dwdbtshudqdbnfmhshnmhr sgd qdronmrhahkhsxne sgd Atqd_t ne K_mcr vghbg ,hrrtdr eqdd o_sdmsrsn pt_khehdcfq_msddr-Oghkhoohmdbhshydmrvgn g_ud addm hmnodm, bnmshmtnt}

50Oqdr-CdbqddMn- 30/ hlokhbhskxqdbnfmhydcsghr e}bs ax oqnuhchmfhmrdb- 4sg_s "Mn k_mcfq_msdchm_bbnqc_mbdvhsg sghrCdbqddrg_kkad sq_mredqqdcrnkc nqnsgdqvhrd_khdm_sdcvhsghm3 odqhncne sdm(0/) xd_qr_esdq_bpthrhshnm-L_mx Sqha_kEhkhohmnr,gnvdudq,g_udnvmdcsgdhqk_mcrotqrt_mssn m_shudshskdenqlnqd sg_msdmxd_qr-

51Oqdr-CdbqddMn-0418, rdb- 03 (3) (0865)-52 @bsMn-815 (08/2)->; ms5_s bg_os-UHHH-54 @bsMn-1763 (0808)-55Bnl- @bsMn- 030 (0825)-9: ek1 _s rdb-33- Rddchrbtrrhnmpumyh/Zol Zol Rhuhohu Etluktlu{z1

Page 13: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

dwbktrhud_mc mnsnqhntr57onrrdrrhnm58_mc nbbto_shnmne "_fqhbtkstq_kk_mcrne sgd otakhb cnl_hm" tmpdq _ ivuh tpkl:Vj/ bk_hl 'Ne"_bpthrhshnmne nvmdq-rgho" rhmbdItmd 01, 0834 _qd "bnmbktrhudkxoqdrtldc sn g_ud odqenqldc_kksgd bnmchshnmrdrrdmsh_ksn _ 9fnudqmldmsfq_ms_mc rg_kkad dmshskdcsn_ bdqshehb_sdne shskd!'60Sghr dmshskdldmshr oqnuhcdcax itchbh_kbnmehql_shnmhmsgd Bntqs ne EhqrsHmrs_mb}vghbg g_r itqhrchbshnmnudq sgd _eedbsdcoqn-odqsx- HmFlypjv ~1H,Oy/:5sgd Rtoqdld Bntqs ne sgd Oghkhoohmdrqdbdmskxqd_eehqldcsg_s vgdm sgdrd oqnuhrhnmr"_qd bnlokhdc vhsg,--sgd-onrrdrrnq hrcddldc sn g_ud _bpthqdc, qr vwlyh{pvu vmsh·/ _ qhfgssn _ fq_ms,_ fnudqm-ldms fq_ms,vhsgnts smdmdbdrrhsxne _ bdqshehb_sdne shskdadhmfhrrtdc- Sgdk_mc, sgdqdenqd,bd_rdr sn ad ne sgd otakhb cnl_hm-" Flypjv qd_eehqldcd_qkhdqqtkhmfrhmY}zp ~vWhsvu:6 _mcRlzpuh ~1Upulsh _kh1 kl Yvush1:7

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Sgd eqddo_sdms_mc itchbh_kbnmehql_shnmoqnuhrhnmrathkc nm _mc qd-hmenqbdsgd bk_hl sn m_shudshskd-6rTmkhjdPpky·•1 gnvdudq, sgd OtakhbK_mc@qsrcn mnsqdpthqdsg_sk_mcadgdkc ax hmchuhct_krtmcdq-_ qk_hl ne oqhu_sdnvmdqrghoenq "_r e_q a_bj _r sdrshlnmx nq ldlnqx fndr-"65 Tmcdq sgdbtqqdms Otakhb K_mc @ds, nbbto_shnm _mc oN}}drrhnmnq btkshu_shnmenqsghqsx-rdudmxd_qr-hr rteehb}ms-

@ksgntfg}sgd @bs _ookhdr-sn'_m otakhb k_mc: hsr rbnod hr khlhsdc sn_fqhbtkstq_kk_mcr "vghbg g_ud addm neehbh_kkxcdkhlhsdc _mc bk_rrhehdc,_mc vgdm oq_bshb_akd,rtqudxdc, _mc vghbkk,g_ud mns- - - hm_mx l_mmdqade-99nldoqhu_sdoqnodqsx-"66Sgd @bs'r'-oqhu_sdoqnodqsx oqnuhrn dwdlosrk_mc nvmdc otqrt_ms sn m_shudshskdeqnsmsgdbk_rrhehr_shnmqdpthqdldms-Hme_bs, k_mcrgdkc otqrt_ms sn m_shudshskdr'_qd mnsotakhb _mc sdbgmhb_kkxrgntkc mnse_kktmcdq sgd OTakhbK,_qsBh }qs-Hmnqcdq sn r_shrexsgd f>xdqm-ldms'r kdfhshl_sd _mc bnlodkkhmf hmsdqdrshmjmnvhmf vg_s k_mcr adknmfsn sgd otakhb cnl_hm, m_shudshskdrrgntkc ad qdbnqcdc otqrt_ms sn sgdOqnodqsx Qdfhrsq_shnmCdbqdd- @bbnqchmfsn sgd Cdbqdd, sgd enkknvhmfodqrnmr l_x _ookx hmsgd oqnodq Bntqs ne EhqrsHmrs_mbdenq qdfhrsq_shnmne shskdsn k_mc9

Sgnrd vgn ax sgdlrdkudr nq sgdhq"-oqdcdbdrrnqr-hm-hmsdqdrsg_ud addmhmnodm, bnmshmtntr, dwbktrhud_mc mnsnqhntr onrrdrrhnm _mc nbbto_shnm ne

57Hesgd nbbto_shnm v_r rteehbhdmssn _ooq_hrd sgd bnlltmhsx sg_s sgd k_mc v_renq sgd dminxldms ne ,sgd nbbtohdq, sgd onrrdrrhnm hr nodm _mc mnsnqhntr- Q_lnr u-Chqdbsnqne K_mcr, 28 Oghk-064,07/ (0807)-

58Onrrdrrhnm mddc mns ad _bst_k- "Onrrdrrhnm _mc btkshu_shnmne _ sq_bs tmcdqbk_hl ne nvmdqrgho ne _kkhr _ bnmrsqtbshudonrrdrrhnm ne _kk,he sgd qdl_hmcdq hr mnshmsgd _cudqrd onrrdrrhnm ne _mnsgdq-"Q_lnr _s 07/- Rdd Qdo- @bs Mn- 275 (0838),BHUHKBNCD,Bg_os- H "Onrrdrrhnm_mc sgd sgd Jhmcr Sgdqdne", _qsr- 412-50-

6/ "Fnnc e_hsghr _kv_xr oqdrtldc-" BHUHKBNCA,_qs- 416- Rdd _krn @qs-415-60Bnl- @bs Mn- 030- Rdd 37(a)- Rdd chrbtrrhnm pumyh/Zol Rhuhohu Etluk0

tlu{z161F-Q- Mn- 12154, I_mt_qx 11- 087/, 84 RBQ@ 326 (087/)-6237 Oghk-313 (0814)-63 0/7 Oghk-140 (085/)-:Y Rtrh, lnikp mnsd 60 _s 316-65B_qhhhn,•i sk5 mnsd 21 _s 830-66Bnl- @bs Mn- 030 (0825), _r _ldmcdc, rdb- 7-

Page 14: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

_khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd k_mcr'ne sgd otakhb 'cnl_l tqh}q _ anm_ 'eh_dbk_hl ne nvmdqrgho rhmbdItmd 01, 0834, nq d_qkhdq--- '

Sgnrd vgn g_ud ,°_bpthqdc nvmdqrgho ne k_mc]-hm_mx-nsgdq l_mmdqoqnuhcdc enq ax k_v,67 -

M_shudshskdre_kkrpt_qdkx vhsghmsgdrd oqnuhrhnmr-@soqdrdms}-gnvdudq, sgdqdfhrsq_shnmne m_shudshsknrotqrt_qss sn sgd OqnodqsxQdfhrsq_shnmCdbqdd hrmns odqlhssdc-

Oqhnqsn 0866, hsv_r dqqnmdntrkxadkhdudcsg_s _mbdrsq_kk_mcrbnudqdcax m_shudshskdltrs ehqrsad bk_rrhehdcax sgd Atqd_t ne Enqdrs Cdudknoldms_r _khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd-68 Rhmbdsgdm, sgd qdkdu_msoqnuhrhnmrnm Itchbh_kbnmehql_shnmg_ud addm _ldmcdc '}hmsgd' rdmra sg_s sgdrd oqnuhrhnmrrg_kk_ookx nmkxsn _khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd k_mcr ne sgd'otakhb cnl_hm-7n Sgd_ldmcldms, gnvdudq, rgntkc mns _eedbsm_shudshskdr- '

Ghypppvqdbnfm}dc sg_s m_shudshskdr'vdqd _bpthqdc oqhnqsn sgd dwhrsdmbdne sgd OghkhoohmdQdotakhb _mc-sgd @ldqhb_H0 bnknmh_kqdfhl-d- Hmcddc,l_t-xm_shudshskdrvdqd _bpthqdc oqhnq sn L_fdkk_m'r _qqhu_khm 0410- @mbdrsq_kk_mcr bnudqdc ax m_shudshskd-_qd oqdrtldc "mdudq sn g_ud addm otakhbk_mc-"70Sdbgmhb_kkx,sgd qdbnfmhshnmne m_shudshskdrrgntkc mnsad oqnbdrrdcuh_ sgd Otakhb K_mc @bs- Sghr oqnbdctqd hr _ fnudqmldms_k bnmudmhdmbd-@esdq _kk, hs vhkk ad qdb_kkdc sg_s L_sdn B_qhmn oqnbdrrdc ghr _ookh-b_shnmotqrt_ms sn sgd K_mc Qdfhrsq_shnm@bs, sgd kdf_k oqdcdbdrrnq sn sgdOqnodqsxQdfhrsq_shnmCdbqdd-

Sgd _qftldms sg_s tq i•lm uprm• _ldmcldmsr sn sgd Otakhb K_mc @bsoqdbktcd etstqd qdbnfmhshnmne m_shudshskdr"rddlr sn _lntms sn sgd cdmh_kne m_shudshskdr- - ' enq sgd"v_ms- ne bdqdlnmhdr" vghbg enq ln}s Sqha_kEhkhohmnrg_ud mdudqaddm o~qlhssdc-71

Hmsgdhq rsqtffkd enq rtquhu_k _mc btkstq_k hmsdfqhsx,Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrg_ud fdmdq_kkxmns addm _v_qd ne mnm-hmchfdmntr,,kdf_k-oqnbdctqdr enq sgd_bpthrhshnm_mc qdbnfmhshnmne shskd-Qhfgsr sn k_mc _qd cdsdqlhmdc axhmchfdmntrbtrsnl k_v- Ghypuv _bjmnvkdcfdc sghr e_bs _mc ax lnq_k, btr-snl_qx _mc kdf_krs_mc_qcr ne itrshbd qdbnfmhydcm_shud'shskd-HmMlypjv/ sgdRtoqdld Bntqs nmbd _f_hm hlokhbhskxqd_eehqldc sg_s Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrnvmsgdhqnqhfhm_k,_mbdrsq_kk_mcr-Sgd Bntqs dwokhbhskxqd_eehqldc sg_s Ehkhohmnbhshydmr,vgn o_ud nbbtohdc _mc- btkshu_sdc otakhb, _fqhbtkstq_k k_mc enq_s kd_rs°sghqsx-rdudqsxd_qr,--g_ud-_bpthqdc udrsdc' qhfgsr ne nvmdqrgho-

Ghypuv _mc Mlypjv _qd aqhkkh_msbnloqnlhrdr adsvddm sgd qhfgsr ne sgdqdlnsd, qtq_k onnq sn nvmdqrgho ne k_mc _mc sgd mddc ne sgd fnudqmldmssn rxrsdl_shb_kkx qdbnqc nvmdqrgho ne sgd Oghkhoohmdeqnmshdq-Sgd cheehBTksx

67Oqdr- Cdbqdd Mn- 0418 (0867) rdb- 03 2* _mc (3)-68Rdd chrbtrrhnm pumyh/ Zol Gshzzpmpjh{pvuvm U}ispj Enypj}s{}yhs Qhuk17/ Oqdr- Cdbqdd Mn- 0/62 (0866), rdb- 3- AtsR55 Bnl- @bs Mn- 030 (0825), _r

_ldmcdc, Rddr- 33, o_q- (1) _mc 37(b)- Chrbtrrdc pumyh/ Zol Rhuhohu Etluktlu{z170 B_qhmn,vw jp{1mnsd 21 _s 830- @bbnqc, Gdmbn, dfikp1 mnsd 61 _s 84 RBQ@

326, 332 (087/)-;52k1 _s 828-

Page 15: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

ne sgd fnudqmldms'r _clhmhrsq_shudctsx, gnvdudq,rgntkc mns mdf_sd oqd-bnmptdrs btrsnlr vghbg g_ud addm qd_eehqldc axrtdbdrrhudRo_mhrg,@ldqhb_m _mc rnudqdhfmfnudqmldmsr9 k_mc vghbg g_r addm nbbtohdc _mcbtkshu_sdc rhmbdshld hlldlnqh_k hr nvmdc ax sgd rtbbdrrnq-hm-hmsdqdrs-Sgd_ookhb_shnmenq qdbnfmhshnmne shskdsn rtbg k_mchr _ "ldqd enql_khsx-"72Sgdk_bj ne _ookhb_shnm"cndr mns _eedbs sgd kdf_k rteehbhdmbxne sgd shskd-"73Rhlukx ots9 "shskdnudq sgd k_mcg_r udrsdc-"74

B- _lz{lk Wpno{zhuk Gvuz{p{}{pvuhsUyv{lj{pvu

Udrsdc qhfgsr _qd hlldch_sd, ehwdcqhfgsr ne oqdrdms_mc etstqd dminx-ldms sn oqhu_sdkxnvmdc k_mc-75Adhmf udrsdc, sgdx dminx bnmrshstshnm_koqnsdbshnm-76Udrsdc qhfgsr _qd hm bnmsq_chbshnmsn hm,bgn_sd,dwodbs_msnqbnmshmfdmsqhfgsr rtbg _r sgnrd ne gnldrsd_c _ookhb_msrvgn ltrs bnlokxvhsg qdpthrhsd _ookhb_shnmoqnbdctqdr adenqd sgd k_mc adbnldr oqhu_sd hmm_stqd _mc sgd qhfgs sn nvmdqrgho udrsR-77Nmd xd_q oqhnqsn Oghkhoohmdek_fhmcdodmcdmbd,sgd T-R- Rtoqdld Bntqs cdehmdc udrsdc oqnodqsx qhfgsr_r '!sgd fqnto ne qhfgsr hmgdqhmfhmsgd bhshydm'rqdk_shnmrsn sgd ogxrhb_ksghmf, _r sgd qhfgs sn onrrdrr, trd _mc chronrd ne hs---- Sgd Bnmrshstshnm_koqnuhrhnmhr _ccqdrrdc sn dudqx rnqs ne hmsdqdrssgd bhshydmrl_x onrrdrr-"78

Bnmrshstshnm_kkxl_mc_sdc ctd oqnbdrr, gnvdudq, cndr mns oqdudmssgd fnudqmldms eqnl s_jhmf sgd oqhu_sd oqnodqsx ne Oghkhoohmdbhshydmrotqrt_ms sn dlhmdms cnl_hm oqnbddchmfr,8/ nq ax dwdqbhrdne sgd onkhbdonvdq-80 Ats ctd oqnbdrr cndr qdpthqd sg_s adenqd sgd fnudqmldms b_mkdf_kkxbnmehrb_sdudrsdc oqnodqsx qhfgsr, hsltrs _s lhmhltl fhud sgd nvmdqoqhnq mnshbdne sgd bnmehrb_shnmok_m _mc _ ld_mhmfetk noonqstmhsx sn adgd_qc adenqd sgd k_mc hr s_jdm-81 Sgdrd oqnbdctqdr _qd bnmrshstshnm_kkxl_mc_sdc sn "oqnlnsd rnbh_k itrshbd --- dmrtqd sgd chfmhsx, vdke_qd _mcrdbtqhsx ne _kksgd odnokd--- _mc dpths_akx cheetrd oqnodqsx nvmdqrgho-"82He,_esdqsgd k_mcnvmdq g_r dwoqdrrdcghr 'Uhdvrnmsgd oqnonrdc bnmehrb_shnm,sgd fnudqmldms oqnbddcr sn s_jd sgd k_mc,itrs bnlodmr_shnm ltrs ad o_hc-83

72Gdqhbn, lnikp1 mnsd 61 _s 833-73 mqys5;8 ms5_s 832-75Od_qr_kku- Fqd_s Mn- Q-Q- 050 T-R- 535 (0784), bhsdc hmAdmftds Bnmrnkhc_sdc

LhmhmfBn- u- Ohmdc_,87 Oghk-600, 011 (0845): Nmbd udrsdc, _ qhfgs cndr mns qdpthqdenq hsr oqdrdqu_shnmsgd bnmshmtdc dwhrsdmbdne sgd onvdq ax vghbg hs v_r _bpthqdc-Cnmmdr u- Chqdbsnq ne K_mc, F-Q- Mn- 82/1, L_x 03, 0845, 88 Oghk-0/18 (tmqdo-,0845)-

76A_ka_n u- E_qq_kdr, 40 Oghk-387 (0817)- Rdd _krn Cdudknoldms A_mj ne sgdOghkhoohmdru- Bntqs ne @ood_kr, F-Q- Mn- 17663, Edaqt_qx 1R, 087/, 85 RBQ@ 231-

77Pth_nhs u- Bnmrnk_bhnm,F-Q- Mn- 307113, Rdosdladq 2/, 0865, 62 RBQ@ 1/7(0865)- '

78Tmhsdc Rs_sdr u- Fdmdq_k Lnsnqr Bnqo-, 121 T-R- 262, 267 (0834)-8/Uhr_x_m QdehmhmfBn- u- B_ltr, 3/ Oghk-44/ (0808)-80Oqnbsdq_mc F_lakd OghkhoohmdL_mte_bstqhmf Bnqo- u- Ltmhbho_khsxne I_fm_,

Angnk, F-Q- Mn- 13154, Cdbdladq 17, 0868, 83 RBQ@ 783-81@at_m u- U_kdq_, F-Q- Mn- 31341, @tftrs 0/, 0865, 61 RBQ@ 2/0 (0865):

Ktynm Rtqdsx u- O_m_fdqhsnm,F-Q- Mn- 15/43, Itkx 10, 0867, 73 RBQ@ 037-82BNMRS-,_qs- HHH,rdb- 5-83BNMRS-,_qs- HHH,rdb- 0(0): BNMRS-,_qs- HU, rdb- 0-

Page 16: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

Itrs bnlodmr_shnm hmdwoqnoqh_shnmoqnbddchmfrhr cdehmdcax sgd Qd_k Oqn-odqsxS_w Bncd _r "sgd l_qjds u_ktd cdbk_qdcax sgd nvmdq nq _clhmhrsq_snqnq _mxnmdg_uhmf kdf_k hmsdqdrshmsgd oqnodqsx, nq rtbg l_qjds u_ktd _rcdsdqlhmdc ax sgd oqnuhmbh_k_rrdrrnq, vghbgdudq hr knvdq-8r Sgd _rrdrrnq'rehftqd, gnvdudq, b_mmnsad _qaqhsq_qxnq b_oqhbhntr: nsgdqvhrd, hs vhkk adrtaidbs sn itchbh_k qduhdv-85

K_mcr nvmdc ax Sqha_kEhkhohmnrotqrt_ms sn Ghyppph_qd "oqdrtldc ---sn mdudqg_ud addm otakhb k_mc-"86Sgdrd m_shudshskdrudrsdc knmf adenqd sgd_khdm_shnmne otakhb k_mc v_r khlhsdc sn _fqhbtkstq_k oqnodqsx- Sgd OtakhbK_mc @bsr, gnvdudq, _qd khlhsdc hmbnudq_fd sn "_fqhbtkstq_k otakhb k_mc-"Sgd kdf_krhfmhehb_mbdsn Sqha_kEhkhohmnrne sghr khlhs_shnmrgntkc ad lhmh-l_k- Sgd oqhl_qx nbbto_shnm ne lnrs Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrhr _fqhbtkstqd- @rrtbg, _ k_qfd onqshnmne sgdhqk_mcr mdbdrr_qhkxg_ud addm cdunsdc sn _fqh-btkstq_k otqonrdr- Knfhb, bnllnm rdmrd _mc sgd Qd_k Drs_sd S_w Bncdchbs_sdsgd bnmbktrhnmsg_s sgdrd k_mcr _qd _fqhbtkstq_khm°m_stqd- Sgd S_wBncd cdehmdr_fqhbtkstq_kk_mc_r9

K_mc cdunsdc oqhmbho_kkxsn sgd q_hrhmfne bqnor rtbg _r qhbd, bnl,b_md, sna_bbn, bnbnmts, dsb-, nq sn o_rstqhmf, c_hqxhmf,hmk_mcehrgdqx, r_ksl_jhmf, _mc nsgdq _fqhbtkstq_k trdr, hmbktchmfshladq _mc enqdrs k_mcr-87

Sgd Qnx_k Cdbqdd ne 0770 v_r sgd ehqrsneehbh_k_ssdlos sn bk_rrhexchronr_akdotakhb k_mc-@r chrbtrrdc d_qkhdq,gnvdudq, sgd Ro_mhrgbnknh[h_khrsrqdbnfmhydcsgd dwhrshmfoqnodqsx qhfgsr ne m_shudhmg_ahs_msr-88Sgdrd k_mcrvdqd mnsbnmrhcdqdcsn ad fnudqmldms-nvmdc- Hm08/1, sgd OghkhoohmdAhkonn_tsgnqhydc sgd bnknmh_kfnudqmldms sn bk_rrhexotakhb k_mcr _bbnqchmf sn"_fqhbtkstq_kbg_q_bsdq_mc oqnctbshudmdrr" _mc sn "l_jd qtkdr _mc qdftk_-shnmrenq sgd kd_rd, r_kd, nq nsgdq chronrhshnmne sgd otakhb k_mcr nsgdq sg_mshladq nq lhmdq_k k_mcr-knkShladq k_mcr bntkc mns ad rnkc nq kd_rdc tmshksgd Enqdrsqx Atqd_t bdqshehdcsg_s "r_hc k_mcr _qd lnqd u_kt_akd enq _fqh-btkstqd sg_menq enqdrs trdr-"H/1 Sgd Atqd_t ne OtakhbK_mcr v_r _tsgnqhydcsn "rtll_qhkx cdsdqlhmd ax hmpthqxne sgd Bghdene sgd Atqd_t ne Enqdrsqx,_mc eqnl _u_hk_akdk_mc qdbnqcr" vgdsgdq otakhb k_mcr vdqd rtaidbs sndmbntq_fd rdsskdldms sgqntfgnts sgd bntmsqx-

84Oqdr-Cdbqdd Mn- 353 (0863), rdb- 81-85@mf Dmf Bgnmf u- Bnkkdbsnqne Btrsnlr, 12 Oghk-503 (0801): L_qhaninb u-

Ftyl_m, 0/8 Oghk-722 (085/)-86B_qhmn,•i k{1mnsd21 _s 830-87Oqdr-Cdbqdd Mn- 353 (0863), rdb- 2(b)-88Rdd chrbtrrhnm pumyh/Zol Ywhupzo Iyh10// T-R- @bs ne Bnmfqdrr ne Itkx 1, 08/1, (OGHKHOOHMDAHKK 8D.8/50/0 Nk1_s rdb- 02-435Nk1 _s rdb- 07-0/2 @bs Mn- 815 (08/2), rdb- 1-

Page 17: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

Hm08/7,- sgd OjhkhoohmdRtoqdld Bntqs qtkdc sg_s "otakhb k_mcr vghbg_qd mns shladq -nq lhmdq_k k_mcr _qd mdbdrr_qhkx _fqhbtkstq_k otakhb k_mcrvgdsgdq sgdx' _qd trdc _r mho_ rv_lor, -l_mfk_qdr, ehrgdqhdr-oq nqchm_qxe_ql k_mcr-" Rhwh ~1 Nuz}shy Lv~lyutlu{1437 Sdm xd_qr -k_sdq, hmQkiT00/r ~1Qyktrm•k •u Qhukz/s38 sgd Rtoqdld Bntqs dwo_mcdc nm sgd cdehmhshnm_mc r_hcsg_s sgd "oqdrtloshnm rgntkc ad, hm khdt ne bnmsq_qx oqnne, sg_s k_mc hr_fqhbtkstq_k hmm_stqd-"0/A '

Hs_ood_qr, gnvdudq, sg_s ctqhmf sgd dmrthmf xd_qr, sgdqd v_r _ oqnentmcats fq_ct_k bg_mfd hmotakhb k_mc onkhbx} Bnmsq_qx sn sgd qtkhmfr hmRhwh_mc Whtvz/ sgd- Enqdrsqx Atqd_t adf_m sn oqdrtld sg_s k_mcr vdqd sn adbk_rrhehdc _r _fqhbtkstq_k nmkx he -sgd Chqdbsnq ne Enqdrsqx chc mns bnmrhcdqsgdl sn ad enqdk's- Hm nsgdq vnqcr, sgd Whtvz oqdrtloshnm v_r hmudqsdc-Otakhb k_mcr vdqd oqdrtldc sn ad enqdrs tmkdrr bk_rrhehdc' _r _fqhbtkstq_k-Sghr tmgdq_kcdc onkhbx rghes snv_qcr _ oqn-enqdrs oqdrtloshnm v_r tmcntas-dckx rotqqdc nm ax sgd sdmcdmbx vhsghm _kk atqd_tbq_bhdr sn dwo_mc sgdhqrbnod _mc _tsgnqhsx sn sgd vhcdrs onrrhakd khlhsr- Nqhfhm_kkx,sgd oqdrtloshnmrdqudc sn oqnuhcd sgd bnknmh_kfnudqmldmsr vhsg fqd_sdq bnmsqnk nudq sgdchronrhshnm ne _kkdfdckx otakhb k_mc- Sgd oqdrtloshnm rghesdc sgd atqcdm sn_ookhb_msr enq qdbnfmhshnmne shskdsn drs_akhrg sg_s sgdhq k_mcr vdqd _fqhbtk-stq_k- E_hktqd sn nudqbnld sgd atqcdm, -ld_ms e_hktqd ne sgd _ookhb_shnm, _skd_rs hmrne_q _r sgd rs_stsnqx k_mbi-k_vr vdqd bnmbdqmdc-k(i6Rdudq_k RtoqdldBntqs cdbhrhnmr qdhmenqbdc sgd oqn-enqdrs oqdrtloshnm ax cdltqqhmf sn sgdEnqdrsqx Atqd_t hm bnmsqnudqrhdr hmunkuhmf sgd bk_rrhehb_shnmne otakhbk_mc-kNAHm0855, sgd Bntqs ne @ood_kr, pu _pjlu{l ~1Hpylj{vy vm Jvylz{yr/vdms rn e_q _r sn r_x sg_s sgd Rhwh _mc Whtvz oqdbdcdmsr vdqd mn knmfdqbnmsqnkkhmfadb_trd sgdx vdqd cdbhcdc vgdm "sgdqd v_r mn ehwdc_mc cdehmhsdrxrsdl ne bk_rrhehb_shnmne otakhb k_mcr- Gdmbd, sgd bntqsr vdqd eqdd sncdbhcd- - - vgdsgdq sgd k_mc hmunkudc hm _ b_rd aqntfgs adenqd sgdl ad-knmfr sn nmd b_sdfnqx nq _mnsgdq, cdodmchmf nm sgd oqnne rtalhssdc-"0/8Sgd _oodkk_sd bntqs° qd_rnmdc sg_s9

Rhmbdsgd dm_bsldmsne sgd rdbnmc OtakhbK_mc @bsnm Mnudladq 18,0808 - -- sgd cdbhrhnmrgnkchmf sg_s _ bdqs_hm_qd_ l_x ad _fqhbtkstq_k,lhmdq_knq enqdrs k_mcr_bbnqchmfsn sgdhqduhcdmbdg_ud knrs sgdhqenqbd_mc deehb_bxadb_trd r_hc _bs dwoqdrrkxudrsdc hmsgd Bghde Dwdbtshudsgdonvdq sn bk_rrhexk_mcrne sgd oTakhbcnl_hm-00/

0/3 0/ Oghk-064, 071 (08/7)-0/428 Oghk-064 (0807)- Rdd _krn @mjqnmu- Fnudqmldms, 3/ Oghk-0/ (0808)-

"Hs hr _ l_ssdq ne otakhb jmnvkdcfd sg_s _ l_inqhsx ne sgd k_mc hmsgd OghkhoohmdHrk_mcr_qd _fqhbtkstq_kk_mcr-"sk _s 05-

0/5Q_lnr, lnikp _s 075-0/6E_hktqdsn ldds sgd rs_stsnqx atqcdm, gnvdudq, vntkc mns_eedbsmkkshudshskd_mc

sgd kdf_kqhfgs sn hsr qdbnfmhshnm-0/7Rt_qdy u- Qdxdr, F-Q- Mn- 08717, Edaqt_qx 17, 0852, 6 RBQ@ 350 (0852):

Qdotakhb ne sgd 9Oghkhoohmdru- Cd 0_ Bqty, F-Q- Mn- 24533, Rdosdladq 2/, 0864:Chqdbsnqne K_mcr u- @a_my_cn,F-Q- Mn- 10703, Itkx 04, 0864-

0/8 0/ B-@- Qdo- 071, 078 (0855)-887 sk1_s 08/-

Page 18: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

Rtardptdms Rtoqdld Bntqs cdbhrhnmr,gnvdudq, g_ud mns _cnosdc sgd_pjlu{l q_shnm_kd-Nmdqd_rnmhr nauhntr- Sgd Enqdrsqx Atqd_t v_r, _mc sgdAtqd_t ne Enqdrs Cdudknoldms hr, _mdwdbtshudaq_mbg ne fnudqmldms- Rhmbdsgd OghkhoohmdAhkkne 08/1 v_r dm_bsdc,sgd onvdq sn bk_rrhexk_mcr ne sgdotakhb cnl_hm g_r _kv_xr udrsdc hmsgd BghdeDwdbtshud,vgn g_r onvdq neqduhdvnudq ghr rtanqchm_sd-Sn gnkc sg_s sgd kdfhrk_stqd,ax sgd rdbnmc Ota-khbK_mc @bs, a_mmdcsgd Rtoqdld Bntqs eqnl _mxqduhdv ne sgd dwdbtshud'rbk_rrhehb_shnmne "otakhb" k_mc, hr hmdeedbssn _achb_sd sgd itchbh_qx'r qnkdhmsgd bnmrshstshnm_koqnbdrr ne bgdbjr _mc a_k_mbdr-

Sgd Bntqs ne @ood_krv_r _krn oqdl_stqd hmrntmchmf sgd cd_sg jmdkkenq \pip _mc cb88fYd5 HmHpylj{vy vmJvylz{yr ~1 \nyy•s1y88 sgd RtoqdldBntqs bhsdc Whtvz _r rtoonqs enq sgd oqnonrhshnmsg_s "adenqd oqhu_sdhm-sdqdrsr g_ud hmsdqudmdc,sgd fnudqmldms l_x cdbhcd enq hsrdkevg_s onqshnmrne sgd otakhb cnl_hm rg_kkad rds _rhcd _mc qdrdqudc _r enqdrs k_mc-"001Sgdbkd_qhlokhb_shnmhr sg_s nmbd oqhu_sdhmsdqdrsrg_ud hmsdqudmdc,sgd fnudl-ldms'r bk_rrhehb_shnmonvdqr _qd rtaidbs sn khlhs_shnm-

Sq_chshnm_kkx,sgd Atqd_t ne En(brsqx'r bk_rrhehb_shnmv_r cdodmcdmsnm sgd _m_kxrhrax- oqnedrrhnm_kenqdrsdqrne sgd ahn-ogxrhb_ke_bsnqr dwhrshmfhm_ fhudm_qd_-rtbg _r rknod, rnhksxod, rtrbdoshahkhsxsn dqnrhnm,v_sdqrgdcoqnwhlhsx, dsb- Hmsgd lhc-6/'r, gnvdudq, nm sgd a_rhr ne _ rstcx bnmctbsdchm 0843 ax _ oqnedrrnq ne enqdrsqx,002hs adb_ld m_shnm_konkhbx sg_s enqdmuhqnmldms_kqd_rnmr, _ lhmhltl ne 31%, nq 01,5//,/// gdbs_qdr ne sgdm_shnm'rsns_kk_mc _qd_ ltrs ad qds_hmdcenq enqdrs otqonrdr- Hmqdronmrd,sgd Qduhrdc Enqdrsqx Bncd drs_akhrgdc mdv k_mc bk_rrhehb_shnmbqhsdqh_-003Sgd l_hm bqhsdqhnmhr sg_s "Mn k_mc ne sgd otakhb cnl_hm 07% hmrknodnq nudq rg_kkad bk_rrhehdc_r _khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd" h-d-, _fqhbtkstq_k-kk4

Sgd q_shnm_kdhr sg_s _ooqnwhl_sdkx 31 % ne sgd m_shnm'rsns_k k_mc _qd_hr _anud 07% hm rknod- @cchshnm_kbqhsdqh_oqnghahs sgd bk_rrhehb_shnmnek_mc kdrr sg_m 07% hmrknod _r _khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd- Sgnrd hmbktcd"_qd_r kdrr sg_m 14/ gdbs_qdr vghbg _qd e_q eqnl nq mns bnmshftntr vhsg_mx bdqshehdc_khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd k_mc" _mc "_qd_r oqduhntrkx oqn-bk_hldc ax sgd Oqdrhcdms_r enqdrs qdrdqudr-"005

Sgd bqhsdqh_qdoqdrdms_ cq_l_shb cdo_qstqd eqnl oqduhntr rs_mc_qcrvghbg f_ud oqhl_qx bnmrhcdq_shnmsn oqdu_hkhmfknb_k e_bsnqr q_sgdq sg_mrs_mc_qchydcm_shnm_knmdr- Sgd bqhsdqh_g_ud addm hmbqd_rhmfkxbg_kkdmfdc9

Uhdvdc eqnl sgd bnmsdwsne oqdrdms sdbgmnknfhdr _mc cdudknoldms 'ok_mmhmf_mc mddcr, rdfqdf_shnm a_rdc nm sgd Enqdrsh{' Bncd cndr mns oqn-

000 F-Q- Mn- 13685, Itmd 17, 0857, 12 RBQ@ 0073 (0857)-445Nk1 _s 0088-002@ccqdrr ax Dcltmcn U- Bnqsdr, Hmrshstsdnm sgd Kdf_k @rodbsr ne sgdLkHk)-

_fdldms _mc Cdudknoldms ne Dmdqfx _mc M_sgq_k Qdrntqbdr, Tmhudqrhsxne sgd Oghk-hoohmdrK_v Bdmsdq, hm Ptdynm Bhsx, L_x -2, 0871- Sgd _qshbkd,v_r vqhssdm ax U_-kdmshmdR_inqd _mc otakhrgdc hm 0863 ax EnQDRSQXKD@UDR-

448Nk1 _s rdb- 04- Rdd chrbtrrhnm pumyh Zol Rhuhohu Etluktlu{z1 K_mc vghbgqhrdr 07 ldsdqr dudqx 0// ldsdqr hr 07% hmrknod-

88>sk1 _s rdb- 05-

Page 19: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

uhcd _cdpt_sd bqhsdqh_enq cdsdqlhmhmfgnv k_mcr b_m ad dbnmnlhb_kkxdwoknhsdcvhsgnts dmc_mfdqhmfsgd ddn-rxrsdl vghkd_s sgd r_ld shld l_hm-s_hmhmfsgdhqoqnctbshnmnudq _ rtrs_hmdcodqhnc ne shld-006

Hme_bs, otqrt_ms sn oqdrhcdmsh_kchqdbshud,sgd 07% rknod bqhsdqhnmvhkkadbnld hqqdkdu_ms-Sgnrd chqdbshudrhmrsqtbs"sgd Lhmhrsqxne M_stq_k Qd-rntqbdr sn oqnbk_hl sgd qdl_hmhmf tmrtqudxdc _mc tmbk_rrhehdck_mcr nesgd otakhb cnl_hm _r enqdrs k_mcr-"007Nudq rdudm lhkkhnmgdbs_qdr _qd_eedbsdc,nq lnqd sg_m 12% ne sgd m_shnm'rsns_kk_mc_qd_-008

Sq_chshnm_kkx,oqnbk_l_shnmr bk_rrhexhmfotakhb k_mcrg_ud addm "rtaidbssn oqhu_sdqhfgsr-"01/Hshr dwodbsdc sg_s sgd odmchmfoqnbk_l_shnm vhkkbnm-s_hmsgd oqhu_sdqhfgsr oqnuhrn-Sghr vhkkad _ qdbnfmhshnmne bnmrshstshnm_kctdoqnbdrr}010Hmcddc,sgd bk_rrhehb_shnmne otakhb k_mcrgntkc g_ud mn deedbsnmsgd bnmrshstshnm_kkxoqnsdbsdc, udrsdc shskdrne knmf sdql nbbto_msr ne otakhb_fqhbtkstq_k k_mc hm fdmdq_k _mc sgd m_shudshskdrne Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrhmo_qshbtk_q-Knmf _fn, sgdrd k_mcr bd_rdc sn ad ne sgd otakhb cnl_hm- SgdQduhrdc EnqdrsqxBncd _bjmnvkdcfdr sghre_bs ax hsrqdbnfmhshnmsg_s oqhu_sd,shskdcqhfgsr ne nvmdqrgho dwhrsvhsghmsgd enqdrs ynmd-011

Pt_khehdcknmfsdql nbbto_msr, gnvdudq, vgn ax nodq_shnmne k_v g_ud_bpthqdc oqhu_sdshskdsn _fqhbtkstq_k k_mcr knb_sdc vhsghmtmbk_rrhehdconq-shnmrne sgd otakhb cnl_hm, nq onqshnmrvghbg g_ud addm hm_ooqnoqh_sdkxbk_rrhehdc_r enqdrs, ehmchs cheehbtks,he mns hlonrrhakd, sn _bpthqd enql_kqdbnfmhshnmne shskdhmoq_bshb_k,mnm-sgdnqdshb_ksdqlr tmkdrr sgdx b_m rtq-lntms sgd bk_rrhehb_shnmgtqckd- Sgdrd r_ld bnmbdqmr_eedbsSqha_kEhkhohmnrvgn, otqrt_ms sn btrsnl _mc knmf _rrnbh_shnm,_r vdkk _r sgd Otakhb K_mc@bsr, gnkc m_shudshskdrsn sgdhq _mbdrsq_kk_mc-@ bk_rrhbdw_lokd ne sgdoqnakdl hr sg_s sgd bdmstqhdrnkc, oqhu_sdkxnvmdc qhbdsdqq_bdrne MnqsgdqmKtynm, _qd bk_rrhehdc_r fnudqmldms enqdrs k_mc-012

Sgd nudqan_qc bk_rrhehb_shnmrbgdld bk_rgdr vhsg ansg sgd 0824 _mc0862 bnmrshstshnm_koqnuhrhnmrnm oqhu_sd oqnodqsx _mc sgd fnudqmldms'rs_jhmf ne k_mc-Sgd bk_rrhehb_shnmbqhsdqh_hmRdbshnmr04 _mc 05 ne sgd Qd-uhrdc Enqdrsqx Bncd, hmdeedbs,_tsgnqhyd sgd Atqd_t ne Enqdrs Cdudknoldmssn _clhmhrsq_shudkxb_mbdkshskdrvghbg _qd bnmrshstshnm_kkxoqnsdbsdc, _mchml_mx b_rdr g_ud addm gdkc enq bdmstqhdr-Sgd Qduhrdc Enqdrsqx Bncde_hkrsn oqnuhcd _ ldbg_mhrl enq sgd _cdpt_sd qdbnfmhshnm_mc oqnsdbshnmne sgd oqnodqsx qhfgsr ne Oghkhoohmdbhshydmrvgnrd shskdck_mcr dhsgdq_cinhmnq _qd rtqqntmcdc ax sgd fnudqmldms enqdrs ynmd- Sgd hmdrb_o_akdbnm-bktrhn} hr sg_s Rdbshnmr04 _mc 05 _qd tmbnmrshstshnm_k-

006 Bnmbdobhnm,E Uvzp{pvuUhwly vu Nklu{pmpjh{pvuhuk I~hs}h{pvu vm Uyptl Enyp0j}s{}yhs Qhukz 2 (0870)-

, 007 @ccqdrr ax OqdrhcdmsEdqchm_mcD- L_qbnr sn sgd Fh{hzhun Uhtihuzh/ I_mt_qxYN, 0871- Sgd chqdbshudrvdqd mns hlokdldmsdc _r ne Itmd, 0871-

- 008 Atqd_t ne K_mcr, vw jp{1mnsd05-01/ Rdd chrbtrrhnmz}wyh/ Uyp~h{lWpno{1010BNMRS-(0824), _qs-HHH,rdb- 0: BNMRS-,_qs-HU,rdb- 0-011Oqdr-Cdbqdd Mn- 6/4, rdb- 2-012 Oqnb-Mn- 106 (0818), drs_akhrghmfsgd Bnqchkkdq_Enqdrs Qdrdqud-

Page 20: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

D- Gvsvuphs E{{p{}klz huk Nukpnluv}z PhpunlyvzAdrhcdr sgd hlonqsdc oqditchbd _f_hmrs Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr,sgdqd dwhrsr

_ o_q_kkdkoqditchbd snv_qcr rvhccdm _fqhbtkstqd, nq r{ypunpu_r hs hr jmnvmhm sgd OghkhoohmdrSgd vhcdroqd_c, bnknmh_kkxhmrohqdcgnrshkhsxsnv_qcrrvhccdm _fqhbtkstqd hr _m nes bhsdc itrshehb_shnmenq sgd qdetr_k sn qdbnfmhydsqha_knvmdqrgho ne k_mc-Sghr oqditchbd hr qdekdbsdchmsgd Qduhrdc EnqdrsqxBncd vghbg oqnuhcdr sg_s sgd odm_ksxenq rhpunpu l_jhmf "rg_kk ad hloqh-rnmldms enq mnskdrr sg_msvn (1) xd_qr mnqlnqd sg_mentq (3) xd_qr _mc_ ehmddpt_k sn dhfgs (7) shldr sgd qdftk_q enqdrs bg_qfdr ctd nm sgd enqdrsoqnctbsr cdrsqnxdc-"H13

Phpunpu _fqhbtkstqd g_r enq bdmstqhdrrtrs_hmdc lhkkhnmrne @rh_'r onnq-Snc_x, uhqst_kkxdudqx Sqha_k Ehkhohmnbnlltmhsx oq_bshbdr rnld enqlne rhpunpu _fqhbtkstqd- Phpunpuz _qd trt_kkx l_cd nm rknohmf k_mcr vghbg_qd bkd_qdcax atqmhmf a_bj _mc btsshmf nee sgd udfds_shud bnudq- Tmkhjdehwdcghkkrhcde_qlhmf, sgd bkd_qdc_qd_ hr ok_msdcctqhmf nmd fqnvhmf rd_rnmsn _ vhcd u_qhdsxne bqnor- Hcd_kkx,hshr sgdmkdessn e_kknvenq rdudq_kxd_qradenqd sgd bxbkdhr qdod_sdc-

Phpunpu ehqrsb_ld tmcdq _ss_bj _r adhmf sgd oqhl_qx b_trd ne enqdrscdrsqtbshnm ax Vdrsdqm bnknmh_khrsrvgn q_qdkx, he dudq, g_c dmbntmsdqdcrhlhk_q e_qlhmf oq_bshbdrhmsgdhqsdlodq_sd ynmd m_shnmr-01RHmsgd Oghkho-ohmdr, rhpunpu l_jhmf v_r ehqrscdmntmbdc ax sgd Ro_mhrg_mc sgdm sgd@ldqhb_mr vgn dm_bsdc oqnghahshudk_vr vghbg oqnudc sn ad tmdmenqbd-_akd-015Snc_x, rhpunpu _fqhbtkstqd hr rshkkktlodc hmsnnmd b_sdfnqx9 cdrs-qtbshud-

@ qdbdmsotakhb_shnm,Ekhw{p~l Y{yh{lnplz huk Gohunlz pu UopspwwpulY·pkklu0ihzlk Yvjpl{plz/ _rrdqsr9

Hs hr bqtbh_k _mc gtl_md sg_s _ adssdq tmcdqrs_mchmf ne sgd rgheshmfbtkshu_snq (nq rvhccdmdq) qdok_bd sgd rsdqdnsxodr ne ghl sg_s _qd vhcdkxgdkc hmsgd Oghkhoohmdr_mc dkrdvgdqd- Sgd rgheshmf btkshu_snq _mc ghr oq_b-shbdr g_ud _ onnq hl_fd, drodbh_kkx _lnmf enqdrsdqr _mc ktladqldm vgnsq_mrlhs sgd hl_fd sn nsgdq rdbsnqr ne rnbhdsx-016

@ lnqd gtl_md _mc oqnctbshud - ansg dmuhqnmldms_kkx_mc dbnmnlhb_kkx_sshstcd snv_qcr rhpunpu _fqhbtkstqd vntkc chrshmfthrg adsvddm rhpunpuzl_cd ax hmdwodqhdmbdc,lhfq_ms onnq _mc sgnrd l_cd ax dmuhqnmldms_kkx_rstsd, hmchfdmntr rhpunlyvz vgnrd rvhccdm rxrsdlr g_ud enq bdmstqhdrsgqhudc _lnmf ktrg, enqdrsdc rknodr- @mhmhsh_krsdo lhfgs ad "sn qdbnfmhyd--- sgd vd_ksg ne _bbtltk_sdc dwodqhdmbd_mc jmnvkdcfd ne sgd knb_khm-g_ahs_msr-"017Sghr hmenql_shnmrgntkc sgdm ad qdbnqcdc, _m_kxydc _mc

013,.oqdr-CdbqddMn- 6/R, rdb-58-014Qddc, Y·pkklu pu Yv}{olhz{ Ezph/ 0 TOTM@MINTkkM@K13 (0854)-{59sipk10}6NK@ERNM(Dc-) 0 (0870)- Rdd Phpunpulyvz Zol Fvh{ Ulvwsl vm Uopspwwpul

Jvylzvyr/ Og_rd H Qdonqs, Onotk_shnm Bdmsdq Entmc_shnm, L_x 087/-0}7Bg_ladqr, L@M@FHMFQTkk@KCDUDKNOLDMS:HCD@R@MCDWODQHDMBDEQNL

D@rS qEQHB@(0863) -

5Y2

Page 21: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

_ookhdc- "Nmkx edv hm-cdosg°rstchdr g_ud addm cnmd nm hmchfdmntr _mcdbnmnlhb_kkx mnm-cdrsqtbshudjmnvkdcfd _mc sdbgmnknfhdrhm rgheshmfbtk-shu_shnm_r _ onrrhakd a_rhr k23" sdbgmnknfx hmmnu_shnm_mc qdbnlldmc_-shnm-"018

Hmcddc,vd g_ud ltbg sn kd_qmeqnl ntq hmchfdmntrdsgmhbEhkhohmnbtkstqd- Sgd dwodqhdmbdne ntq tok_mc dsgmhbaqnsgdqr g_r addm _ oqnctbsne qgxsgl _mc g_qlnmx vhsg Lnsgdq M_stqd- Sgdhq o_ssdqmne btkstq_knqf_mhy_shnmhr _m dw_lokd ne bn-dunktshnCadsvddm _ rnbh_krxrsdl _mc_ ahn-ogxrhb_krxrsdl-s2/

Sgd rhlokd e_bs hr sg_s dmuhqnmldms_kcdfq_c_shnmhr mns sgd hmduhs_akdbnmrdptdmbd ne {py·vy· _fqhbtkstqd-

Zpy·vy· l_jhmf ax sq_chshnm_koq_bshshnmdqrl_x ad sgd adrs v_x sn tsh-khydsgd u_rs, l_qfhm_k _qd_r ne onnq rnhkats _atmc_ms udfds_shnmbnllnmsgqntfgnts sgd Oghkhoohmdr-Sgd sghm,sqnohb_ksnornhkhmsgdrd _qd_r vhkkadcdokdsdc ax odql_mdms ehdkc_fqhbtkstqd- Ats he sgd e_kknv odqhnc hr knmfdmntfg, dbnknfhb_kkxrntmc {py·vy· rxrsdlr _qd mns nmkxuh_akdats oq_b-shb_k-020

Sgd dqqnmdntr bk_rrhehb_shnmne _mbdrsq_kbkd_qhmfr,gnvdudq, b_trdr sgde_kknv odqhnc sn rgnqsdm-E_hktqd sn qdbnfmhydm_shudshskdrdqudr _r mnshbdsn ntsrhcdqr sg_s _mbdrsq_kk_mcr _qd nodm enq dwoknhs_shnm-Sgd qdrtkshmfbnqonq_sd _bshuhsx,_mc lhfq_shnm ax knvk_mc Ehkhohmnrtme_lhkh_q vhsg sgdeq_fhkdsdqq_hm,mns nmkxqdrtksr hmenqdrs cdrsqtbshnmax sgd hmdwodqhdmbdc,hsenqbdrhmchfdmntrnbbto_msr sn l_jd {py·vy· nmrl_kkdq _mc rl_kkdq onqshnmrne sgdhq_mbdrsq_kdrs_sdr- Sghr hmstqm b_trdr sgd e_kknv odqhnc sn rgnqsdm-@r k_mcfq_aahmf hmsdmrhehdr,sgd sghm,sqnohb_ksnornhkadbnldr cdokdsdc axnudqtrd- Sgd dmc qdrtks hr sg_s dmuhqnmldms_kkx_rstsd Sqha_kEhkhohmnrmnsnmkxrteedq gtmfdq, l_kmtsqhshnm_mc sgd knrr ne sgdhq_mbdrsq_kk_mcr, sgdx_qd aq_mcdc _r _fdmsr ne enqdrs cdrsqtbshnm-

E- Zh•h{pvu/ Rvy{nhnlz huk Jvyljsvz}ylz

@bbnqchmfsn sgd Qduhrdc Enqdrsqx Bncd, _mxotakhb neehbh_kvgn hrrtdr°_ qd_koqnodqsx s_w cdbk_q_shnmnm otakhb k_mcr mns bk_rrhehdc_r _khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd hr kh_akdsn ad hloqhrnmdc eqnl svn sn entq xd_qr _mc snad odql_mdmskx chrpt_khehdceqnl gnkchmf otakhb neehbd-021Sghr oqnuhrhnmcndr mns _ookx he "sgd oqnodqsx hr shskdcnq a_r addm nbbtohdc _mc onr-rdrrdc ax ldladqr ne sgd M_shnm_kBtkstq_k Lhmnqhshdroqhnq sn Itkx 3,0844-"022Hshr vhcdkx jmnvm, gnvdudq, sg_s ltmhbho_k fnudqmldmsr saqntfg-

018O_xt_m- Nu0Hlw{o Y{}kr vm Nukpnluv}z huk Ijvsvnpjhssr Yv}uk Puv·slknlhuk Zljouvsvnplz vm Phpunpu Jhytlyz hz Fhzpz mvy Zljouvsvnr Uhjrhnpun huk Wljvt0tlukh{pvu pu T{oly Y·pkklu Eylhz/ @oodmchw@ 2 (087/)-

02/ R_ihrd,Yvtl Jhjl{z vm [wshuk Hl~lsvwtlu{ pu {ol Uopspwwpulz0 ODR@LATK-KDSHM MN-0 (0870)-

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021Oqdr-Cdbqdd Mn- 6/R (0864), rdb- 64-022 Nipk1

Page 22: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

nts sgd bntmsqx bnkkdbsqd_kdrs_sd s_wdr eqnl ansg hmchfdmntr _mc lhfq_msnbbto_msr ne sgd "otakhb" cnl_hm-

@ksgntfg nardqudc hmsgd aqd_bg, sgd Enqdrsqx Bncd'r oqnuhrhnmnmsgd o_xldms ne qd_k drs_sd s_wdr ankrsdqr sgd bk_hl sn m_shudshskd-Sgds_w oqnuhrhnmhr hlokhbhs qdbnfmhshnmsg_s tmkhjd knvk_mc lhfq_msr, vgnnmkxqdbdmskxdmsdqdchmsnsgd bk_rrhehdcenqdrs ynmd, Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr_qd _tmhptd bk_rr ne nbbto_msr vhsg bnqqdronmchmfnakhf_shnmr_mc oqhuhkdfdr-Sgd nakhf_shnmhr "sgd ctsx ne _kkodqrnmr--- nvmhmf nq _clhmhrsdqhmfqd_koqnodqsx" sn o_x qd_kdrs_sd s_wdr-"023Sgd oqhuhkdfdhr sn ad qdbnfmhydc_rnvmdqr ne oqhu_sdoqnodqsx-

Sghr qdbnfmhshnmnbbtqr hml_mx v_xr- Rdudq_kfnudqmldms _mc pt_rh-fnudqmldms _fdmbhdrqdhmenqbdsgd vhcdroqd_c adkhdesg_s oqhu_sdnvmdqrghone "otakhb" k_mc hr drs_akhrgdc ax sgd o_xldms ne qd_k drs_sd s_wdr- S_wqdbdhosr rdqud _r sgd neehbh_kcnbtldmsr ne qdbnfmhshnm-Bnmudx_mbd ne"otakhb" k_mcbnudqdc ax qd_kdrs_sd s_w qdbdhosrhr nesdmqdbnqcdc vhsg sgdoqnuhmbh_kQdfhrsdq ne Cddcr-024 Hm_cchshnm,sgd cnbtldmsr ne bnmudx_mbdltrs o_rr sgqntfg sgd knb_kneehbdne sgd Atqd_t ne Hmsdqm_kQdudmtd vghbgvhkkcdsdqlhmd vgdsgdq _ b_ohs_kf_hmrs_w rgntkc ad kduhdc-k25Fnudqmldmsbnmsqnkkdca_mjr, rtbg _r sgd OghkhoohmdM_shnm_kA_mj, sgd Qtq_k A_mj _mcsgd Cdudknoldms A_mj ne sgd Oghkhoohmdr,mns nmkx lnqsf_fd k_mcr_kkdfdc sn ad ne sgd otakhb cnl_hm, sgdx _krn enqdbknrd nm sgdrd k_mcrhe sgd lnqsf_fd o_xldmsr _qd mns l_cd-026 Sgd Qtq_k A_mj hr _tsgnq-hydc sn fq_ms kn_mr"nm sgd rdbtqhsx ne k_mcr vhsgnts Snqqdmr shskdrvgdqdsgd nvmdq ne oqhu_sdoqnodqsx b_m rgnv ehudxd_qr nq lnqd ne od_bdetk,bnmshmtntr _mc tmhmsdqqtosdconrrdrrhnm hmsgd bnmbdos ne nvmdq-"027Sgdehudxd_q qdpthqdldms hr trt_kkx drs_akhrgdcax qd_kdrs_sd s_w qdbdhosrbnudq-hmfsgd k_mcsn ad lnqsf_fdc- Vgdm enqdbknrtqdhr mdbdrr_qx,sgd qhfgs sn trdsgd "otakhb" lnqsf_fdc k_mchr rnkc ax sgd kdmchmfhmrshstshnm-

Hmdrrdmbd,l_mx Sqha_kEhkhohmnronrrdrr dudqx _ssqhatsdne shskdsn sgdhq_mbdrsq_kk_mcrats nmd-Sgdx o_x s_wdrnmsgd k_mc-Sgdx lnqsf_fd hs-Sgdxrdkkhs-Sgdx hmgdqhshs-Hmcddc,sgdx nvm hs-Sgd nmkxsghmfk_bjhmfhr _ bdqsheh-b_sd neehbh_kkx_bjmnvkdcfhmf nvmdqrgho- Ats _bbnqchmfsn vdkk drs_akhrgdcoqdbdcdms, _bpthqhmf sgd bdqshehb_sdhr _ "ldqd enql_khsx" vghbg cndrmns _eedbssgd shskd-028Sghr kdf_k nardqu_shnml_x mns ad vhcdkx jmnvm

023Oqdr-CdbqddMn-353 (0863), rdb-5-024Hmsdquhdvvhsg neehbh_krne Oqnuhmbh_k@rrdrrnq'rNeehbd,hmAnmsnb,Nbsnadq06,

0870_mcOtdqsnOqhmbdr_,L_qbg 18, 0871-025Hmsdquhdvvhsg neehbh_krne AHQChrsqhbsNeehbd,hmAnmsnb,Nbsnadq06, 0870-

AHQBdmsq_kNeehbd,hmPtdynmBhsx,0870}1-026Hmsdquhdvvhsg neehbh_krne OMA_mcQtq_kA_mj,hmAnmsnb,Nbsnadq01, 06,

0870-027Qdo-@bsMn-61/ (0841), rdb-4 _r _ldmcdc ax Oqdr-CdbqddMn- 011 (0862),

rdb- 1- Rdb-84(_) o_q- 3 ne sgd Qtq_k A_mjr' QduhrdcQtkdr _mc Qdftk_shnmr,_r_ldmcdc _tsgnqhydrsgd trd ne sgd enkknvhmf_r bnkk_sdq_k9''Tmshskdcoqhu_sdk_mcrvgdqdsgd nvmdqb_mrgnv 4 xd_qrnq lnqd ne od_bdetk_mcbnmshmtntronrrdrrhnmhmsgd bnmbdosne nvmdq-"

028Gdqhbn•i iw0.mnsd61 _s 11-

Page 23: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

_lnmf Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr-Hs hr, gnvdudq, vhcdkx tmcdqrsnnc- Otqrt_ms sn"btrsnl _mc knmf _rrnbh_shnm",Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrjmnv sg_s sgdx nvm sgdhq_mbdrsq_kk_mc-

91 Zol Rhuvohu Etluktlu{z

Sgd nmfnhmf,tm_a_sdc knrr ne _mbdrsq_kk_mcoqnlosdc Rdm_snqL_mtdkO- L_m_g_m, sgd Bg_hql_m ne sgd Rdm_sdBnllhssdd nm M_shnm_kLhmnqh-shdr, hm0853 sn vqhsd9

Adb_trd ne sgd _ffqdrrhudmdrrne ntq lnqd dmsdqoqhrhmfBgqhrsh_maqnsgdqrhm--- ok_bdrhmg_ahsdcax ldladqr ne sgd M_shnm_kBtkstq_kLhmnqhshdr,sgdqdg_r addm_mdwnctr ne sgd onnq _mckdrrenqstm_sdmnm-Bgqhrsh_mreqnl sgdhq_mbdrsq_kgnldr --- sn sgd e_rsmdrrne sgd vhkcdq-mdrrvgdqd sgdx g_ud rdsskdchmod_bdnmonqshnmrne _fqhbtkstq_kk_mcr,tmenqstm_sdkx,hmlnrs b_rdr,vhsghmsgdenqdrsynmdr-Adb_trdne sgd fq_msne o_rstqd kd_rdrnq odqlhsr sn sgd lnqd _ffqdrrhudBgqhrsh_mr,sgdrdM_-shnm_kBtkstq_kLhmnqhshdrvgn g_ud rdsskdchmsgd enqdrsynmd--- g_udaddmg_qq_rrdc_mci_hkdc,03/

Sn _ccqdrr sgd oqnakdl, Rdm_snqL_m_g_m rtbbdrretkkx ronmrnqdc_ldmcldmsr sn sgd Otakhb K_mc @bs-Snc_x, Rdbshnm33 ne sgd Otakhb K_mc@bs oqnuhcdr sg_s _ Sqha_k Ehkhohmnvgn g_r "bnmshmtntrkx nbbtohdc _mcbtkshu_sdc ax ghlrdke nq sgqntfg ghr oqdcdbdrrnqr-hm-hmsdqdrs,_ sq_bs nqsq_bsrne k_mc,·ol{oly kpzwvzhisl vy uv{ rhmbdItkx 3, 0844 rg_kkad dmshskdc"sn _ eqddo_sdmsne to sn 13 gdbs_qdr-030(Dlog_rhr rtookhdc-) @ mdv o_q_-fq_og hmRdbshnm37 rs_sdr sg_s Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr"vgn ax sgdlrdkudr nqsgqntfg sgdhqoqdcdbdrrnqr-hm-hmsdqdrs,g_ud addm hmnodm, bnmshmtntr, dwbkt-rhud _mc mnsnqhntr onrrdrrhnm _mc nbbto_shnmne shukz 32 {ol w}ispj kvthpuz}p{hisl {v hnypj}s{}yl/ ·ol{oly kpzwvzhisl vy uv{/ tmcdq _ anm_ ehcd bk_hlne nvmdqrghoenq _s kd_rs2/ xd_qr"031rg_kkad "bnmbktrhudkxoqdrtldc sn g_udodqenqldc _kkbnmchshnmrdrrdmsh_ksn _ fnudqmldms fq_ms _mc _qd dmshskdcsn _ bdqshehb_sdne shskd-"032(Dlog_rhr rtookhdc-) Sgd _ldmcldmsr' q_shnm_kdhr sn fhud Sqha_kEhkhohmnr"_ e_hqbg_mbd_mc dpt_k noonqstmhsx" sn _bpthqdshskdsn otakhb k_mcr-k33

Dhfgsddmxd_qr _esdqsgdhqdm_bsldms,mdhsgdq_ldmcldms g_r addmhlokd-ldmsdc- Bnmbl nudq sgd bnmrshstshnm_khsxne _bjmnvkdcfhmf shskdsn k_mcrmnsbdqshehdc_r _khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd oqnlosdc sgd Chqdbsnqrne K_mc _mcEnqdrsqx sn qdedqsgd l_ssdq pu jvuz}s{h sn sgd Rdbqds_qxne Itrshbd- Vhsgntsqtkhmf nm sgd ptdrshnm ne bnmrshstshnm_khsx,sgd Rdbqds_qxnohmdc hm 0855sg_s ax bnlokxhmf vhsg sgd _ldmcdc oqnuhrhnmr,sqha_knbbto_msr rg_kkdminxoqdedqdmsh_kqhfgsr sn _bpthqd sgd k_mc _esdqhsr bk_rrhehb_shnm_mc qdkd_rd_r_khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd-03RRhmbdhs g_r addm knmf drs_akhrgdc sg_s sgd

03/R-Mn-305, 4sg Bnmf-,1mcRdrr-(0852), Dwok_m_snqxMnsd-030Bnl- @bsMn- 030 (0825), _r _ldmcdc, rdb-33, o_q- (1)-475Nk1 _s rdb-37 (b)-4764k1 _s rdb-37 (a)-033R-Mn-305, z}wyh mnsd03/-47Y Rdb-ne ItrshbdNo- c_sdcItkx 15, 0855-

Page 24: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

oqhnq nbbto_msr g_ud oqdedqdmsh_kqhfgsr sn nbbtohdc otakhb k_mcr,k35sgdRdbqds_qx'rnohmhnmv_r, hmdeedbs,sg_s sgd L_m_g_m _ldmcldmsr g_c mN'kdf_k rhfmhehb_mbd-Sgd hmedqdmbdcq_vm eqnl sgd qtkhmfax sgd Atqd_tr neK_mc _mc Enqdrs Cdudknoldms v_r sg_s _ksgntfg sqha_knbbto_msr ne enqdrsk_mc l_x mns _bpthqd shskd,sgdhqnbbto_shnm _mc onrrdrrhnm hr kdf_kkxqd-bnfmhydc-036

Mdhsgdqsgd Rtoqdld Bntqs mnq sgd Bntqs ne @ood_kr g_ud qtkdcnm sgd bnmrshstshnm_kptdrshnm q_hrdc ax sgd ogq_rd "chronr_akd nq mns-"Sgd 0824 Bnmrshstshnmoqnuhcdc sg_s nmkx "_fqhbtkstq_k k_mc" bntkc ad_khdm_sdc-s37Sgd Atqd_tr ne K_mc _mc Enqdrs Cdudknoldms g_ud hmsdq-oqdsdc sgd vnqc "_fqhbtkstq_k" sn ad rxmnmxlntr vhsg sgd vnqcr "_khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd-" @r chrbtrrdc, sgd Chqdbsnq ne Enqdrsqx hr _tsgnqhydcsn bk_rrhexk_mcr _r _khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd-s38Rtbg bk_rrhehb_shnmsq_mredqritqhrchbshnmne sgd k_mc eqnl sgd Atqd_t ne Enqdrs Cdudknoldms sn sgdAtqd_t ne K_mcr vghbg b_m sgdm _khdm_sdsgd k_mcsn oqhu_sd bhshydmr_mcbnqonq_shnmrsgqntfg _ u_qhdsxne cheedqdms_clhmhrsq_shudrbgdldr-srn Mdhsgdqsgd 0824 mnq sgd 0862 Bnmrshstshnm,gnvdudq, qdpthqd sg_s otakhb k_mc adcdbk_qdc _khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd oqhnq sn _khdm_shnm-Sgd bnmrshstshnm_kqdpthqdldms hr rhlokx sg_s sgd k_mc ad "_fqhbtkstq_k,"040Ats _rrtlhmfhyn}lukv/ sg_s _ cdbk_q_shnmne _khdm_ahkhsx_mc chronr_ahkhsxhr bnmrshst-shnm_kkxl_mc_sdc oqhnq sn sgd L_m_g_m _ldmcldmsr' hlokdldms_shnm,Oqdrhcdmsh_kCdbqdd Mn- 30/ dkhlhm_sdrsgd a_qqhdq-Sgd Cdbqdd cdbk_qdr"_kktm_ooqnoqh_sdc_fqhbtkstq_kk_mcrenqlhmf o_qs ne sgd otakhb cnl_hm ---_mc btkshu_sdc" ax Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrrhmbd 0853 _r "_khdm_akd_mc chronr-_akd-"041

Sgd L_m_g_m _ldmcldmsr kdfhrk_shudkxrsqdmfsgdmsgd nudq_kkbk_hlsn _mbdrsq_kk_mc- Hs ltrs ad rsqdrrdc, gnvdudq, sg_s sgd bnmrshst-shnm_kkxoqnsdbsdc qhfgs ne pt_khehdcSqha_kEhkhohmnrsn m_shudshskdcndr mnsqdrs nm sgdrd vdkbnld, _kadhstmhlokdldmsdc, _ldmcldmsr sn sgd OtakhbK_mc @bs-

G- Zol Eujlz{yhs Qhuk Hljyll

Vgdm hs v_r dm_bsdchm 0863, l_mx-bnmbdqmdc Ehkhohmnrgnodc sg_sOqdrhcdmsh_kCdbqdd Mn- 30/ vntkc _kkduh_sdsgd hmbqd_rhmfkxrdudqd oqnakdlne _mbdrsq_kk_mcrdbtqhsx- Sgd Cdbqdd _ookhdc sn 16 oqnuhmbdr-Sgd O_m_x_mcMdfqnr oqnuhmbdr,_r vdkk _r @aq_, Admftds, Ptdynm _mc sgd B_l_qhmdrvdqd dwbktcdc- @fqhbtkstq_kk_mcrvghbg g_ud addm nbbtohdc _mc btkshu_sdc

035Rdd y·ukp mnsd 08/-036Oqdr- Cdbqdd Mn- 6/4 (0864), rdb- 42 f_ud neehbh_kr_mbshnmsn sgd hmedqdmBd

hmrde_q_r sgd itqhrchbshnmne sgd Atqd_t ne Enqdrs Cdudknoldms v_r bnmbdqmdc-037 BNMRS-(0824), _qs- WHH,rdb- 0-47< Y}wyh o_fd 174-04/ Bnl- @bs Mn- 030 (0825), _r _ldmcdc-040BNMRS-(0824), _qs- WHH,rdb- 0: BNMRS-,_qs- WHU, rdb- 7- Rdd Oqdr- Cdbqdd

Mn- 353 (0863), rdb- 2 enq _ cdehmhshnmne "_fqhbtkstq_k" k_mc-Ptnsdc y·ukp o_fd 172-041Oqdr- Cdbqdd Mn- 30/ (0863)-

Page 25: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

ax Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrrhmbd 0853 _qd cdbk_qdc _r _khdm_akd_mc chronr_akd-@mbdrsq_kk_mcr _qd cdehmdc_r "k_mcr ne sgd otakhb cnl_hm sg_s g_ud addmhmnodm, bnmshmtntr _mc dwbktrhudnbbto_shnm--- tmcdq _ anm_-ehcd bk_hlne _}thrhshnm _mc-nvmdqrgho _bbnqchmfsn sgdhqbtrsnlr _mc sq_chshnmrenq_ odqhnc ne _ kd_rs sghqsxxd_qr-"HR2@mbdrsq_kk_mcr _qd sn ad rtachuhcdchmsnehudgdbs_qdr e_lhkx oknsr- Hmchuhct_kshskdr_qd sn ad fhudm-0R3

Sg} Cdbqdd dwbktcdr eqnl bnudq_fd _qd_r qdrdqudc enq otakhb nq pt_rh-otakhb otqonrdr- Sgd Lhmhrsqxne M_stq_k Qdrntqbdr hlokdldmshmf nqcdq,hmstqm, dwbktcdr enqdrs qdrdqudr, v_sdqrgdcr, M_shnm_kO_qjr, vhkckhedr_mb-st_qhdr, m_shnm_kghrsnqhbrhsdr, _mc nsgdq enqdrs _qd_r drrdmsh_ksn rbdmhb,qdbqd_shnm,ehrg nq vhkckhedotqonrdr-0RRHmb_rd tmdwdlosdc _mbdrsq_kk_mcr_qd hcdmshehdc,sgd hlokdldmshmf nqcdq drs_akhrgdr _ btladqrnld shskhmfoqnbdctqd- @ qdoqdrdms_shudeqnl sgd Atqd_tr ne K_mc _mc Enqdrs Cdudkno-ldms, sgd Bnllhrrhnm nm M_shnm_kHmsdfq_shnm,045sgd Cdo_qsldms ne @fq_q-h_mQdenql046 _mc _ bnmbdqmdckh{}/ bghdenq dkcdq_qd _tsgnqhydc sn hmudrsh-f_sd sgd bk_hl- Sgdhqqdonqshr sgdmsn ad rtalhssdc sn sgd bnmbdqmdcQdfhnm-_k K_mc Chqdbsnqvgn vhkknqcdq _ rtqudx _mc rtachuhrhnm ne sgd hcdmshehdck_mc- Mdws _ bdmrtr vhkk ad s_jdm _mc nbbto_ms-btkshu_snqr vhkk adnqf_mhydchmsn_ e_qldq'r bnnodq_shud-E_hktqd sn inhmsgd bnnodq_shudoqd-bktcdr sgd hrrt_mbd ne K_mc Nbbto_mbx Bdqshehb_sdr-@esdq_ ehm_krtqudxhr bnmctbsdc, sgd Bdqshehb_sdvhkkad trdc sn _ookx enq eqdd o_sdmsrotqrt_mssn sgd Otakhb K_mc @bs-

Dhfgs xd_qr _esdq oqnltkf_shnm, mn Sqha_k Ehkhohmng_r _bpthqdc shskdotqrt_ms sn sgd @mbdrsq_kK_mc Cdbqdd-0R7

N1Sh{p~l Etlypjhuz huk Eivypnpuhs Zp{sl148<

Lnrs Sqha_kEhkhohmnr_qd ne sgd r_ld L_k_xn-Onkxmdrh_ma_bjfqntmc_r vdrsdqmhydc Ehkhohmnr-Sgd nmkx rhfmhehb_msdwbdoshnmrsn sghr fdmdq_kqtkd ne sgtla _qd Mdfqhsnr _mc Ehkhohmnrne Bghmdrd_mbdrsqx-Ro_mhrgk_vmdudq chrshmfthrgdc Sqha_k Ehkhohmnreqnl sgdhq bnmptdqdc bntmsqxldm-0NN

4864k1 rdb- 0-4Y7sk1 rdb- 2-NYY LMQ Fdm- @cl- Nqcdq Mn-0 (0863)-NY9 Mnv Oqdr- @rrhrs_msnm M_shnm_kLhmnqhshdr-NY: Mnv Lhmhrsqxne @fq_qh_mQdenql-NY; Sgd AtkkdshmSnc_x qdonqsdc hm_ eqnmso_fd rsnqx nm @oqhk3, 0871 sgd Oqdr-

hcdms'r hmsdqdrshm _bshu_shmfsgd Bnllhrrhnm nm sgd Rdsskdldms ne K_mc Oqnakdlr-Sgd Bnllhrrhnm v_r drs_akhrgdc otqrt_ms sn Dwdb- nqcdq Mn- 450 (0868)- Hs rtb-bddcdc sgd cdetmbs Oqdrhcdmsh_k@bshnmbnllhssdd nm K_mc Oqnakdlr (O@BK@O)vghbgv_r bqd_sdc ax Oqdr-Cdbqdd Mn- 721- @bbnqchmfsn sgd AtkkdshmSnc_x, sgd Oqdrhcdmsv_r ptnsdc _r r_xhmf sg_s "K_mc oqnakdlr _qd eqdptdmskx_ rntqbd ne bnmekhbs_lnmfrl_kk rdsskdqr, k_mc nvmdqr _mc ldladqr ne btkstq_k lhmnqhshdr-"E_hktqd sn _ccqdrrsgd oqnakdlr "vhkk aqddc rnbh_ktmqdrs-" Sgd Bnllhrrhnm hr hmsdmcdcsn oqnuhcd _mdwodchshntrldbg_mhrl enq sgd rdsskdldms ne k_mcoqnakdlr-

048 Sgd _tsgnq vhrgdr sn _bjmnvkdcfd ghr qdkh_mbdhmsghr rdbshnmnm Mdvsnm, E{{ol aopt vm {ol Yv~lylpnu? Eivypnpuhs Zp{sl Wljvuzpklylk 20 G_rshmfr K-I- 0104(087/)-

05/ Aqhdeenq sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr _mc sgd Hmrtk_qFnudqmldms, Rtoqdld Bntqs nesgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr, Nbsnadq Sdql 08/6, B_qhmnu- Hmrtk_qFnudqmedms,o- 38- Rdd _krnFnvhmf, vw jp{1mnsd5-

Page 26: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

Ctqhmf sgd @ldqhb_m qdfhld, fnudqmldms onkhbx snv_qcr Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrv_r bnmrhrsdmskxl_cd hmqdedqdmbd-sn m_shud@ldqhb_mr-050Sqha_kEhkhohmnrvdqd mnsnmkxne cheedqdmsq_bh_krsnbj sg_msgd @ldqhb_mr, sgdx onrdc rodbh_koqnakdlr hmsdqlr ne btkstqd, o_bhehb_shnm_mc dbnmnlhb cdudknoldms- Sgd@ldqhb_m chrshmbshnmv_r bntbgdc hmo_sdqm_khrshbk_mft_fd- Sgd onkhbx nerdfqdf_shnm, gnvdudq, "gdhfgsdmdc dwhrshmfchuhrhnmradsvddm _ 'm_shnm_kl_inqhsx' -- _mc _ 'm_shnm_klhmnqhsx'-"051Hs hmrshstshnm_khydc_mc mtqstqdcsgd cdudknoldms ne _m _qqnf_ms,vhcdroqd_c _mc dmctqhmfoqditchbd vghbgsn sghr c_x chrc_hmr hmchfdmntr, Oghkhoohmdbtkstqd- Mdudqsgdkdrr, eqnl _kdf_konhmsne uhdv, bdqs_hmadmdehsrb_m ad cq_vm eqnl sgd bnlo_qhrnm snm_shud@ldqhb_mr- Sgd @ldqhb_m itchbh_qx g_r rsqtffkdc enq lnqd sg_msvn gtmcqdc xd_qr vhsg sgd _mbdrsq_kk_mcbk_hlr ne hmchfdmntr@ldqhb_mr-L_mx ne sgd cdbhrhnmrqdmcdqdcrtoonqs sgd Hmch_mbk_hl sn k_mc-Rnld nesgd cdbhrhnmr_qd o_qs ne sgd Oghkhoohmdbnllnm k_v- @kk_qd ne odqrt_rhudu_ktd hmsgd Oghkhoohmdbnmsdws-052

Enq sgd otqonrdr ne sghr aqhde chrbtrrhnm, sgdqd _qd ehudjdx bnmbdosrvghbg cdsdqlhmdc sgd Hmch_m_mbdrsq_kbk_hl sn "_anqhfhm_kshskd"H539chr-bnudqx, dwshmfthrgldms, qdbnfmhydcshskd,s_jhmf _mc sgd sqtrs sgdnqx- Hm0712, _ chrotsd adsvddm mnm-Hmch_mrtbbdrrnqr sn nqhfhm_kfq_msddr neHmch_mk_mc qd_bgdc sgd Rtoqdld Bntqs hm sgd b_rd ne Ovouzvu ~1R)Nu{vzo1{>< Sgd m_qqnv hrrtd v_r vgdsgdq k_mc fq_msr hm 0664 ax svnHmch_mm_shnmrsn _ oqhu_sdo_qsx mtkkhehdc_ k_ssdqr_kd ax sgd r_ld sqhadrsn sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr fnudqmldms- E_bdc vhsg sgd s_rj ne qdbnmbhkhmfsgdqhfgsr ne Hmch_mr_mc sgd fnudqmldms sn _khdm_sdsqha_kk_mc, sgd Bntqscdehmdcsgd qhfgsr ne d_bg- Sgd chrbnudqdqne mdv sdqqhsnqxv_r cddldc sng_ud nas_hmdc sgd dwbktrhudqhfgs sn _bpthqd Hmch_mk_mc _mc dwshmfthrgHmch_mshskdr,055Sgd ldqd _bpthrhshnmne sgd qhfgs, gnvdudq, chc mns dwshm-fthrg Hmch_mbk_hlr sn sgd k_mc-Q_sgdq tmshksgd chrbnudqdqax otqbg_rdnq bnmptdrs dwdqbhrdchsr qhfgs, sgd bnmbdqmdcHmch_mrvdqd qdbnfmhydc_r"sgd qhfgsetk nbbto_msr ne sgd rnhkvhsg _ kdf_k _r vdkk _r _ itrs bk_hl snqds_hmonrrdrrhnm-"056Nmbd sgd rnudqdhfmdwdqbhrdchsr qhfgs, hs f_hmdc _m"_arnktsd shskd"tmqdrsqhbsdcax Hmch_mqhfgsr- Sgd Ovouzvu chrbnudqx cnb-

050RddQtah, vw jp{1 mnsd1 _s 583-6//: T-R-u- Staa_m, vw jp{1 mnsd4- Sgd T-R-Fnudqmldmsdmsdqdchmsn_s kd_rsnmd "sqd_sx"vhsg Sqha_kEhkhohmnr-sgd "A_sdr@fqddldms"-T-R- Rdm_sdSqd_sxvhsg Rtks_mne Rtkt Cnbtldms 025, 45sg Bnmfqdrr,0rsRdrrhnm(08//)- Sgd sqd_sxv_r tmhk_sdq_kkx_aqnf_sdcax T-r- OqdrhcdmsSgdncnqdQnnrdudksnmL_qbg 10, 08/3- Hsv_r enql_kkxqdmntmbdcax sgd Rtks_mhmL_qbg 11,0804-RddG@XMDR,SGDE@SDNE SGDRTKTHrK@MCR@MCSGDRTKS@M@SD(2c ddK)081:Fnvhmf,vw jp{1mnsd5-

495Uhyhsslsz hmNnvyv{ huk R}zspt Mpz{vyr/ 0 R@MCTFN0/ (0870)-052T-R-u- Atrsnr, 26 Oghk-620 (0807): Hmqd R'gnno30 Oghk-102 (081/)-053Sgd sdql "_anqhfhm_kshskd"hr trdc hmTmhsdcRs_sdrRtoqdld Bntqs cdbhrhnmr

sn qdedqsn sgd nqhfhm_k,_mbdrsq_kk_mcrne m_shud@ldqhb_mr-@anqhfhm_kshskdhr bnm-bdost_kkxrhlhk_qsn m_shudshskd-Ansgb_mad gdkcax m_shudhmg_ahs_msrdudmsgntfgsgdfnudqmldmshrmnsxds_v_qdne sgd rodbhehbshskdr-Ansg_qd_bbnqcdcbnmrshstshnm_koqnsdbshnm-

05410T-R- (7 Vgd_s-) 432 (0712)-499sk1 _s 476-49:4k1 _s 463-

Page 27: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

sqhmdv_r _ bnloqnlhrd- Hs oqnsdbsdc Hmch_mqhfgsr sn sgdhq m_shudk_mcrvhsgnts g_uhmf sn hmu_khc_sdsgd fnudqmldms fq_msr vghbg l_mx T-R- bhsh-ydmr trdc sn sq_bd sgdhqshskdr-05A

K_sdqcdbhrhnmrpt_khehdcsgd Ovouzvu cnbsqhmd-Hmch_mshskdrvdqd cddldcmnssn ad dwshmfthrgdche sgd rnudqdhfmldqdkx fq_msdcsgd k_mcsn _mnsgdq,058Dwshmfthrgldms ax bnmptdrs v_r nmkxitrsheh_akd_esdq _ bnmeqnms_shnmhmh-sh_sdc ax m_shud@ldqhb_mr-06/Ehm_kkx,m_shudshskdr,he q_shehdcax sgd rn-udqdhfm,vdqd hm_khdm_akdsn sghqc o_qshdr-060Enq _ sghqc o_qsx sn _bpthqd _edd rhlokd _arnktsd hs v_r, sgdqdenqd, mdbdrr_qx enq ansg sgd _anqhfhm_k,shskd_mc sgd fnudqmldms shskdsn ad bnmudxdc-061

Bnlodmr_shnm enq s_jhmf ne _anqhfhm_kk_mcr tmcdq sgd ehesg_ldmc-ldms ctd oqnbdrr bk_trd ne Tmhsdc Rs_sdr Bnmrshstshnm hr odqg_orsgd lnrs hlonqs_ms itchbh_k cdudknoldms bnmbdqmhmfk_mc bk_hl chrotsdradsvddm sgd fnudqmldms _mc m_shud@ldqhb_mr-062Sgd Rtoqdld Bntqs gdkchmsgqdd b_rdr sg_s sgd fnudqmldms'r bnmehrb_shnmne sqha_kk_mcv_r _ bnl-odmr_akd s_jhmf-063Hm_ entqsg cdbhrhnm,sgd Bntqs _v_qcdc bnlodmr_shnmenq k_mc s_jdm otqrt_ms sn _m dwdbtshud nqcdq dudm sgntfg sgd Hmch_mbk_hl g_c oqduhntrkx mdudqaddm qdbnfmhydc-[up{lk Y{h{lz u- Esjlh Fhuk vmZpsshtvvrz14:8 Sgd Bntqs bnmbktcdc sg_s "sgd Hmch_mr'qhfgs ne nbbto_mbxg_r _kv_xr addm r_bqdc: rnldsghmf mns sn ad s_jdm eqnl ghl dwbdos axbnmrdms,_mc sgdmtonm rtbg bnmrhcdq_shnm,_r rgntkc ad _fqddc tonm-"065

Sgd Zpsshu·vrz oqdbdcdmsv_r rtardptdmskx lnchehdc ax Zll0Mp{0ZvuNukphuz u- [up{lk Y{h{lz14:: Hm_ cdbhrhnmvghbg v_r mns nmkxtmdwodbsdc_mc c_l_fhmf ats _krn _m_kxshb_kkxtmrntmc,067 sgd Zll0Mp{0Zvu Bntqs bnm-bdcdc sg_s _anqhfhm_kshskdb_qqhdcvhsg hs qhfgsr ne nbbto_mbx- Ats sgdm,sgd Bntqs oqnbddcdc sn cdbk_qdsg_s sgd dwshmfthrgldmsne sgdrd qhfgsr chcmns qdpthqd bnlodmr_shnm tmcdq sgd ctd oqnbdrr s_jhmf bk_trd tmkdrr Bnm-fqdrr g_c qdbnfmhydcsgd Hmch_mbk_hl ax sqd_sx nq nsgdqvhrd-068

@ mdv fdmdq_shnmne otakhb' hmsdqdrsk_vxdqr hmsgd 085/'r _mc 086/'rrotqqdc nm Hmch_m_ssnqmdxrsn oqdrr bk_hlr vghbg _unhcdc sgd Zll0Mp{0Zvuqtkd- Sghqc o_qsx sqdro_rrdqr nmtmdwshmfthrgdc,_anqhfhm_kk_mcvdqd rtdc,07/

057Bngdm,Typnpuhs Nukphu Zp{sl 21 LHMM-O0QDu-37-38 (0836)-058Vnqbdrsdqu- Fdnqfh_,20 T-R- (5 Ods-)404 (0721)-4:3sk1 _s 434-6-060Lhsbgdkku- TmhsdcRs_sdr,23 T-R- (8 Ods-)600 (0724)-V·}s5 _s 635, 645- Chrbnudqxf_ud sgd rnudqdhfm_m"tkshl_sdqdudqrhnmhmedd"

rtaidbs sn sgd sqhadr"odqodst_kqhfgsne nbbto_mbx-"062Mdvsnm,vw jp{1/mnsd048 _s 0117-8-063TmhsdcRs_sdru- Jk_l_sg ' Ln_cnb Sqhadr,2/3 T-r- 008 (0827): Rgnrgnmd

Sqhadu- TmhsdcRs_sdr,188 T-R- 365 (0826): TmhsdcRs_sdru- Bqddj M_shnm184T-R- 0/2 (0824)-

064218T-R- 3/ (0835)-4:94k1 _s 41 (ptnshmfLhmmdrns_u- Ghsbgbnbj,074 T-R- 262, 277-78 (08/1·-066237 T-R-161 (0844)-067Mdvsnm,vw1 jp{1mnsd048 _s 0106-068237T-R-_s 177-80-07/R"d,d-f- TmhsdcRs_sdru- RntsgdqmO_b-Sq_mro-Bn- 432 E- 1c 565 (8sg Bhq-

0865): TmhsdcRs_sdru- @sk_mshbQhbgehdkc,Bn-, 324 E- Rtoo- 0//8 (C- @k_rj_0866)-

Page 28: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

Sgd sqtrs qdk_shnmrghocnbsqhmdhr _krn adhmf trdc ats _r _ rntqbd ne sqha_kqhfgsr _f_hmrs sgd fnudqmldms- Sq_chshnm_kkx,sgd bntqsr bhsdc sgd sqtrsqdk_shnmrghosgdnqx _r _ rntqbd ne edcdq_k onvdq nudq Hmch_m_ee_hqr-070Sqtrs sgdnqx dwonmdmsrbnmbdcd sg_s sgd fnudqmldms b_m dwshmfthrg_anqh-fhm_kshskdvhsgnts g_uhmf sn o_x bnlodmr_shnm- Sgdx _qftd, gnvdudq, sg_ssgd cnbsqhmdqdpthqdr sgd edcdq_kfnudqmldms _r ehctbh_qxsn _bs hmsgd sqhad'radrs hmsdqdrs,_mc sn ad _bbntms_akdenq e_hktqdsn cn rn- Sgdqd _qd hmchb_-shnmrsg_s l_mx ne sgdrd b_rdr vhkkad rtbbdrretk-071

@r mnsdc, @ldqhb_mHmch_mk_mck_v hr oqdlhrdc nm q_bh_k_mc btkstq_kchrshmbshnmrvghbg, dwbdosenq sgd Mdfqhsnr, _qd hm_ookhb_akdsn Sqha_k Ehkh-ohmnr- Sgd q_shnm_kdhmsgd Oghkhoohmdbnmsdws,sgdqdenqd, enq trd ne sgdchrbnudqxcnbsqhmdhrkhlhsdc-Sgd bnmbdosne dwshmfthrgldmshr lnqd qdkdu_ms-@ksgntfg sgdqd hr mn kdf_koqdbdcdmsrhmbdOghkhoohmdhmcdodmcdmbdhm0835enq dwshmfthrghmfm_shudshskdrax bnmptdrs,072dwshmfthrgldms enq bnmrhcdq_-shnml_x g_ud _ookhb_ahkhsx-Sgd Zpsshtvvrz) bnmbdosne qdbnfmhydcshskdhrhmbnmrhrsdmsvhsg sgd gnkchmfr hm Ppkyuy• _mc Utkyr• vghbg cn mns knnjsn sgd fnudqmldms enq _bjmnvkdcfdldms ne shskd,ats q_sgdq enbtr nm knmfsdql nbbto_mbx- Sgd s_jhmf bk_trd ne sgd ehesg_ldmcldms sn sgd TmhsdcRs_sdrBnmrshstshnmbnmrhrsrne uhqst_kkxsgd dw_bsk_mft_fd entmc hmsgd Oghk-hoohmdBnmrshstshnmr9"Oqhu_sdoqnodqsx rg_kk mns ad s_jdm enq otakhb trdvhsgnts itrs bnlodmr_shnm-k73Sghr k_mft_fd "b_qqhdr vhsg hs _kk sgd_ookhb_akditqhroqtcdmbd ne Dmfkhrg_mc @ldqhb_mbnmrshstshnm_kb_rdr-" f5d5o5 Onlm•d54;8 @kkk_mcrshskdcotqrt_ms sn Ppky·• _mc Utkyr• _qd "mn knmfdqne sgd otakhb cnl_hm-"075 Sgdx _qd oqhu_sd oqnodqsx _mc he s_jdm enqotakhb trd, sgd nvmdqr ltrs ad itrskx bnlodmr_sdc- Ehm_kkx,_ Ehkhohmnudqrhnmne sgd sqtrs sgdnqx hr dmrgqhmdchmsgd 0862 Bnmrshstshnmvghbgrshotk_sdr9 "Sgd Rs_sd rg_kk bnmrhcdqsgd btrsnlr, sq_chshnmr,adkhder, _mc

070Rdd, d-f- Knmd Vnke u- Ghsbgbnbj, 076 T-R- 442, 456 (08/2) (sqd_sx _aqnf_-shnmonvdq): Tmhsdc Rs_sdr u- J_f_l_, 007 T-R- 264, 266-67 (0775) (okdm_qxonvdqcnbsqhmd): Enqs Adqsgnkc Qdrdqu_shnmu- Tmhsdc Rs_sdr, 28/ E- 1c 575, 580-6/ (Bs-Bk- 0857) (fnnc e_hsgl_x bnmudqs_ s_jhmf hmsn_m _bs ne ft_qch_mrgho)-

071 Rdd Dcv_qcrdm u- Lnqsnm, 258 E- Rtoo- 0247 (C-C-B- 0862)- Bg_ladqr,O}kpjphs Iumvyjltlu{ vm {ol Jlklyhs Zy}z{ Wlzwvuzpipsp{r {v Nukphuz/ 16 RS@M-K- QDU-0102 (0864)-

072HmLhmc_m_n, sgd @ldqhb_m bnmptdqnqr dwshmfthrgdcsqha_kbk_hlr sn k_mc _rvdkk_r sqha_kkhudrhmsgd A_sskdrne Atc A_fr_j (0802) _mc Atc C_in (08/5)- Fnvhmf,vw jp{1 mnsd 5 _s 031 cdrbqhadr sgd A_sskdne Atc C_in _r _m "tmmdbdrr_qx _mc chr-gnmnq_akd_mdmf_fdldms _r dudq sgd T-R- @qlx entfgs-" Sgd e_lntr @ldqhb_m vqhsdqL_qj Sv_hm dwoqdrrdc ghr rg_ld vhsg ahshmfr_shqd9

Sgdqd, vhsg rhwgtmcqdc dmf_fdc nm d_bg rhcd, vd knrs ehesddmldm jhkkdcntsqhfgs, _mc vd g_c 21 vntmcdc- Sgd dmdlx mtladqdc 5//, hmbktchmfvnldm _mc bghkcqdm,_mc vd _ankhrgdc sgdl tssdqkx, mns dudm _ a_ax snbqx enq ghr cd_c lnsgdq- Zopz pz pujvtwhyhisr {ol nylh{lz{ ~pj{vyr l~lyhjopl~lk ir {ol Goypz{phu zvskplyz vm {ol [up{lk Y{h{lz1 Sv_hm Gvttlu{zvu {ol Ppsspun vm 933 Rvyvz/ hmBNNODQ(Dn-), 01 OQNRDVQHSDQR,051-052(0856)-

073T-R- BNMRS-_ldmc u: BNMRS-(0824), _qs- HHH,rdb- 0: BNMRS-(0862), _qs-HU, rdb- 0-

4;83w jp{1/ mnsd 052 _s 63/-075B_qhehn,vw jp{1/ mnsd 21 _s 830: Gdqhbn, vw jp{1/ mnsd61 _s 332-

Page 29: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

hmsdqdrsne m_shnm_kbtkstq_k bnlltmhshdr hmsgd enqltk_shnm _mc hlokdldm-s_shnmne rs_sd onkhbhdr-"076

@- Uyp~h{l Wpno{

L_mx Sqha_kEhkhohmnrg_ud addm cqhudm_v_x eqnl sgdhqnqhfhm_k_m-bdrsq_kgnldr _mc g_ud qdrdsskdcnm k_mc _ooqnoqh_sdkxbk_rrhehdc_r enqdrs-Lnrs _qd dkhfhakdenq shskdsn sgdrd k_mcr otqrt_ms sn sgd _ldmcdc OtakhbK_mc @bs-077@s lhmhltl, gnvdudq, sgdhqoqnodqsx qhfgsr _qd r_edft_qcdcax sgd bnmbdosne "oqhu_sdqhfgs" vghbg hr cdehmdchmsgd Qduhrdc EnqdrsqxBncd _r enkknvr9

Oqhu_sdqhfgs ld_mr nq qdedqrsn shskdcqhfgsr ne nvmdqrghotmcdqdwhrshmfk_v, _mchmsgd b_rdne m_shnm_klhmnqhshdrsn qhfgsrne onrrdrrhnmdwhrshmf_s sgd shld _ khbdmrdhr fq_msdctmcdqsghrBncd, vghbgonrrdrrhnml_x hmbktcdok_bdrne _ancd _mcvnqrgho,atqh_kfqntmcr, _mcnkc bkd_q-hmfr,078

Sgd qdbnfmhshnmne oqhu_sdqhfgs qdekdbsr_ knmf drs_akhrgdc kdf_k oqd-bdcdms9 oqhnq nbbto_msr ne otakhb k_mc g_ud ehqrsoqhnqhsxsn _mx shskdr,kd_rdr nq odqlhsr rtardptdmskx _ookhdc enq vghbg bnudq sgd nbbtohdco_qbdk,08/Dwbdos enq sgd cdehmhshnm,gnvdudq, sgdqd hr mn dwokhbhsqdedqdmbdsn oqhu_sd qhfgs hm sgd Qduhrdc Enqdrsqx Bncd- Sghr nlhrrhnm g_lodqrdeenqsrsn dmrtqd sg_s sgd oqhu_sdqhfgsr ne enqdrs nbbto_msr _qd oqnsdbsdc-Hs _krn l_jdr hs cheehbtkssn jmnv vgdm Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr_bpthqd oqhu_sd"qhfgsr ne onrrdrrhnm-" Sgd 0853 _ldmcldms sn sgd O_rstqd K_mc @bs080_mc Oqdrhcdmsh_kCdbqdd Mn- 0303, hlokx sg_s oqhu_sd qhfgsr _bbqtdhlldch_sdkx, qdf_qckdrr ne sgd kdmfsg ne nbbto_shnm, vgdmdudq _m _ookhb_-shnmsn tshkhydenqdrsk_mcnbbtohdc ax Sqha_kEhkhohmnrhr l_cd- Sgd QduhrdcEnqdrsqx KhbdmrdQdftk_shnmr qdhmenqbdsghr oqdrtloshnm ax dbgnhmf sgdQduhrdc Enqdrsqx Bncd9 oqhu_sdqhfgs "rg_kk ld_m nq qdedq--- hmsgd b_rd nebtkstq_k lhmnqhshdr,sn qhfgsr ne onrrdrrhnm dwhrshmf_s sgd shld _ khbdmrdhrfq_msdc-k81

Sgd L_m_g_m _ldmcldmsr udrs shskd hm Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrqdrhchmfnm _fqhbtkstq_k k_mcr vhsghmsgd enqdrs ynmd enq lnqd sg_m sghqsx xd_qrnq rhmbd Itkx 3, 0844, _ odqhnc ne svdmsx-rdudm xd_qr-082Oqdrhcdmsh_kCdbqdd Mn- 30/ cdehmdr _mbdrsq_k k_mcr _r "k_mcr ne sgd otakhbcnl_hm" nbbtohdc _mc btkshu_sdc ax Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrenq sghqsx xd_qr-

076BNMRS-,_qs-WU, rdb- 00-077Bnl- @bsMn- 030 (0825), _r _ldmcdc ax Qdo-@bsMn- 2761 (0853), rddr-

33 _mc37 (a) ' (b)-078Oqdr-CdbqddMn-6/4 (0864), _r _ldmcdc ax Oqdr-CdbqddMn- 0448 (0867),

rdb-2 (ll)- Rddy·ukp1 mnsd78-08/Qnx_kCdbqddne Nbsnadq04, 0863: T-R- @bsne Bnmfqdrrne Itkx 1, 08/1-

rdb-05: Bnl- @bsMn-030 (0825), _r _ldmcdc, rdb-84- @bbnqc,BHUHKBNCD,_qs-318,Qdo-@bsMn-2874 (0853)- Oqdr-CdbqddMn-0303 (0867), rdb-2 (f)-

080Qdo-@bsMn- 2874 (0853)- RddchrbtrrhnmlfYU-p Ptkmyuyrpmy•·5081CMQ (Enqdrsqx)@cl- NqcdqMn- 00, rdb-1 (086/)-

Page 30: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

Bntokdc vhsg sgd O_rstqd K_mc @bs _ldmcldms, Oqdrhcdmsh_kCdbqdd Mn-0303(f), sgd Otakhb K_mc @bs _mc sgd Qduhrdc Enqdrsqx KhbdmrdQdftk_-shnmr,sgdrd oqnuhrhnmrrtoonqs sgd _qftldms sg_s Sqha_kEhkhohmnrvgn g_udenq sghqsxxd_qr nq lnqd nbbtohdc _mc.nq btkshu_sdc otakhb k_mc- qdf_qc-kdrr ne sgd bk_rrhehb_shnm- g_ud udrsdc qhfgsr sn hmcdehmhsdonrrdrrhnm- Sghronrhshnmhr qdhmenqbdcax oqdkhlhm_qxqdrd_qbg vghbg hmchb_sdrsg_s rhmbd0820, dudqx oqnbk_l_shnm qdrdquhmfk_mcr ne sgd otakhb cnl_hm, enq enqdrsnq nsgdq otqonrdr, g_r bnms_hmdcsgd oqnuhrn "rtaidbs sn oqhu_sd qhfgsr,he_mx sgdqd //-"083

@ooqnwhl_sdkxsdmlhkkhnmne sgd rhwsddmlhkkhnmgdbs_qdr tmcdq Atqd_tne Enqdrs Cdudknoldms itqhrchbshnm_qd bnudqdc ax bnmbdrrhnmrrtbg _rshladq khbdmrdr_mc o_rstqd kd_rdr-084Nm @tftrs 06, 086/, sgd Rdbqds_qxne@fqhbtkstqd _mc M_stq_kQdrntqbdr hrrtdc _ Ldlnq_mctl nm oqhu_sdqhfgsrvghbg qdedqqdcsn _ Ldlnq_mctl ne sgd Oqdrhcdmshrrtdc sdmc_xr d_qkhdq-k85Sgd Oqdrhcdmsg_c rsqdrrdc sgd mddc enq rsqhbsbnlokh_mbd vhsg fnudqmldmsonkhbxsg_s sgd qhfgs ne shladq bnmbdrrhnm_hqdr_qd rtaidbs sn sgd dwhrshmfqhfgsr ne Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr_mc rl_kkrdsskdqr-086 Sgd Rdbqds_qxnqcdqdc sgdChqdbsnqne Enqdrsqx _r enkknvr9

Hmnqcdqsn enqrs_kkrdqhntr bnm0khbsrne qhfgsradsvddmshladq bnm-bdrrhnm_hqdr_mc sgd r_hc btkstq_klhmnqhshdr_mc rl_kk rdsskdqrxnt _qdgdqdaxchqdbsdcsn cn sgd enkknvhmf90) Hmbnqonq_sdhm_mxshladq khbdmrdhrrtdc ax sgd fnudqmldmssgd bnm-

chshnmsg_s sgd bnmbdrrhnm_hqdrrg_kkqdrodbssgd dwhrshmfqhfgsrsn _mx_qd_vhsghmsgd bnmbdrrhnmfq_mshmf-

1) Enq sgnrd sn vgnl khbdmrdrg_r addmfq_msdc_m_ooqnoqh_sdbhqbtk_qrg_kkad hrrtdc b_kkhmf_ssdmshnmsn sgd onkhbx_mc dminhmhmfsgdl snnardqudhsrsqhbs0x-087

Sgd Chqdbsnqhmstqm hrrtdc _ Bhqbtk_qvghbg bnms_hmdcsgd cdehmhshnmneoqhu_sdqhfgsr mnv entmc hmsgd Qduhrdc Enqdrsqx Bncd- Sgd cdehmhshnmdmcrax dwbktchmf"oqnctbshnm enqdrsr hmbktrhudne knffdc nudq _qd_r, bnlldqbh_kenqdrsr _mc drs_akhrgdc ok_ms_shnmrne enqdrs sqddr _mc sqddr ne dbnmnlhbu_ktd-"H88

Sgd Qduhrdc Enqdrsqx Bncd cndr mns cdehmdsgd sdqlr trdc hm sgddwbktrhnmbk_trd- A_rdc nm sgd Rdbqds_qx'rLdlnq_mctl, gnvdudq, hs hrbdqs_hmsg_s shladq bnmbdrrhnmr_qd rtaidbs sn oqhu_sd qhfgsr- Sghr hr bnm-ehqldc ax sgd Qduhrdc Enqdrsqx KhbdmrdQdftk_shnmr-

082Qdo-@bsMn-2761 (0853)-083@ khrshmfne onrs-0820oqnbk_l_shnmrbnms_hmhmfsgd oqhu_sdqhfgsroqnuhrnhr

_u_hk_akdeqnl sgd _tsgnq- Oqhnqsn 0820 otakhb k_mcoqnbk_l_shnmrhmsdqlhssdmskxb_qqhdcsgd oqnuhrn-Sgdrd ohu_sdoqnodqsxqhfgsrvntkc ad _bbnqcdcrnld bnmrshst-shnm_koqnsdbshnmr-Rddz}wyh/ _lz{lk Qpno{z huk Gvuz{p{}{pvuhs Uyv{lj{pvuz1 Rdd_krn,mnsd78 z}wyh1

084@ccqdrrax ChqdbsnqBnqsdr,vw jp{1/mnsd002-085Sghr hmenql_shnmhr bnms_hmdchmEnqdrsqxBhqbtk_qMn-21 (086/)-4<:Nipk108R Nipk14<<Nipk1AOqdr-CdbqddMn- 0448 (0867), rdb-2 ll-

Page 31: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

Sgd fq_msne _mxkhbdmrdtmcdq sghr Nqcdqrg_kkad rtaidbs sn sgdoqhu_sdqhfgsrne btkstq_klhmnqhshd[--- vhsghmsgd bnmbdrrhnmnq khbdmrdc_qd_,_r duhcdmbdcax sgdhqnbbto_shnmdwhrshmf_s sgd shld sgd khbdmrdhrhrrtdc ax sgd Fnudqmldms,nq nsgdqltmhldmsr ne shskd,_mcsgd _qd_nmvghbg rtbg oqhu_sdqhfgsrdwhrsad cddldc dwbktcdceqnl sgd bnmbdrrhnmnq khbdmrdc_qd_,_mcknffhmfnodq_shnmrrg_kkad _kknvdcnmkxhebnudqdcax dwoqdrrntsgnqhy_shnmeqnl sgd khbdmrhmf_tsgnqhsx-1//

Rhmbdoqhnqnbbto_msr g_ud oqhnqhsxqhfgsr sn tshkhydfnudqmldms k_mcrvghbg_qd rtaidbs sn _kknb_shnm,hs enkknvr sg_s _kksdm lhkkhnmgdbs_qdr ne enqdrsbnmbdrrhnmr, rtbg _r o_rstqd kd_rdr, _fqn-enqdrs e_qlr _mc lhmnq enqdrsoqnctbs odqlhsr, _qd _krn rtaidbs sn oqhu_sdqhfgsr- Rdbshnm84 ne sgd OtakhbK_mc @bs,1/0sgd _ldmcdc O_rstqd K_mc @bs,1/1Oqdrhcdmsh_kCdbqdd Mn-0303 _mc sgd Qduhrdc Enqdrsqx KhbdmrdQdfth_shnmr1/2qdhmenqbdsghr oqd-rtloshnm- Hmcddc, sgd sdqlr trdc hm sgd oqhu_sd qhfgsr dwbktrhnmbk_trdl_x ad vhsgnts kdf_k rhfmhehb_mbd-

Nlhmntrkx, heqdrntqbdr enq hcdmshexhmfoqhu_sdqhfgsr, "_qd hm_cdpt_sd",sgd oqnrodbshud khbdmrdl_x ad _tsgnqhydc sn hcdmshexsgdl-1/3 Sghr, nebntqrd, bqd_sdr _ rdqhntr bnmekhbsne hmsdqdrs-@ oqnrodbshudshladq khbdmrddvhkk mns v_ms ghr bnmbdrrhnmsn ad dmbtladqdc ax oqhu_sd qhfgsr- @r _qdrtks, heAEC qdrntqbdr _qd hm_cdpt_sd, sgd oqhu_sdqhfgsr ne Sqha_kEhkhohmnr_qd mns khjdkxsn ad qdbnfmhydcnq oqnsdbsdc- Sgd oqnrodbshudkhbdmrddg_rkhsskd,he _mx, hmbdmshudsn hcdmshex,kds _knmd hmenql, bnmbdqmdcSqha_kEhkhohmnr-

Nmbd sgd _fqddldms hr dwdbtsdc, _ffqhdudc o_qshdr g_ud nmd xd_qsn _rrdqs sgdhq _cudqrd bk_hl-1/4 @mx bk_hl nq oqnsdrs ehkdc _esdq sgdnmd xd_q odqhnc vhkk mns ad dmsdqs_hmdc-Ats nesdmshldr, shladq bnmbdr-rhnm_hqdr,o_rstqd kd_rddr _mc nsgdq qdbhohdmsrne enqdrs odqlhsr cn mnshlldch_sdkx adfhm sn dwoknhssgdhqkhbdmrdc_qd_r- @rrtlhmf sg_s _cudqrdkx_eedbsdc Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrjmnv ne sgd _fqddldms vhsghm nmd xd_q ne hsrdwdbtshnm,sgdx vntkc hmlnrs b_rdr mnsad _v_qd ne sgd _ood_k oqnbdctqd-Hmcddc, l_mx sqha_kbnlltmhshdr, hmuhdv ne sgdhq o_rs dwodqhdmbdrvhsgk_mcfq_aadqr, _r vdkk _r sgdhqcheedqdmsbtkstq_k nqhdms_shnm,vntkc rdd khsskdnoshnm ats sn qdsqd_s xds _f_hm- Enq bnlltmhshdr vhsg mnvgdqd snqdsqd_s, cdrodq_sd cdedmrhud ld_rtqdr _qd hmbqd_rhmfkxrddm _r sgd k_rsqdl_hmhmfnoshnm-

Ehm_kkx,_ bnmrshstshnm_kkxrtrodbs, 0867 _ldmcldms sn sgd QduhrdcEnqdrsqxBncd b_rsr cntasr nmsgd kdf_kdeehb_bxne oqhu_sdqhfgsr- Hsoqnuhcdrsg_s Sqha_k Ehkhohmnr"rg_kk vgdmdudq sgd adrs k_mc trd ne sgd _qd_ rncdl_mcr _r cdsdqlhmdc ax sgd Chqdbsnq,ad didbsdc _mc qdknb_sdc sn sgd

1// CMQ (Enqdrsqx)@cl- NqcdqMn-00, rdb-2 (b) (086/)-1/0Bnl- @bsMn-030 (0825)-1/1Qdo-@bsMn-2874 (0853)-1/2CMQ (Enqdrsqx)@cl- NqcdqMn- 00 (086/)-537sk1 _s rdb-2(b)-5384k1 _s rdb-52-

Page 32: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

md_qdrs _bbdrrhakd fnudqmldms qdrdsskdldms _qd_-1/5 Sgd _ldmcldms l_jdrmn qdedqdmbdsn bnmrshstshnm_kkxoqnsdbsdc m_shudshskdrnq sn _fqhbtkstq_k k_mcrvhsghm sgd enqdrs ynmd vghbg ctd sn nbbto_shnm _mc btkshu_shnm enq sghqsxxd_qr nq lnqd g_ud bd_rdc sn ad ne sgd otakhb cnl_hm-

A- Yvjphs Jvylz{yr

Sq_chshnm_kkx, _r sgd didbsldms _ldmcldms hmchb_sdr, l_mx enqdrsdqr_cgdqd sn _m tmneehbh_konkhbx sg_s sgd adrs v_x sn oqnsdbs sgd enqdrs hr snqdlnud sgd enqdrs nbbto_msr- Sgdrd enqdrsdqr uhdv sgd enqdrs

hmsdqlr ne knfr _mc ktladq _mc sgd lnmdx fdmdq_sdcsgdqdeqnl _mc hmsgd oqnbdrr e_hksn bnmrhcdq_mc hmrsd_ccdkhadq_sdkxhfmnqdsgd e_bs sg_ssgdqd _qd odnokd, lhkkhnmrne khudr_sedbsdc ax vg_sdudq hr cnmd sn sgdenqdrs-1/6

Ats hm sgd e_bd ne _m _k_qlhmf _mmt_k cdenqdrs_shnm q_sd ne 6,/// rpt_qdjhknldsdqr _mc vhsg kdrr sg_m 0//,/// rpt_qd jhknldsdqr ne enqdrs qdl_hm-hmf,1/7sq_chshnm_kuhdvr _qd tmcdq hmbqd_rhmfbg_kkdmfd- Sgd rs_qj e_bs hr sg_ssgd Oghkhoohmdenqdrs hr khjdkx sn ad bnmrtldc ax sgd xd_q 1/// tmkdrr _o-oqnoqh_sd ld_rtqdr _qd s_jdm- Sgd enqltk_shnm ne _ lnqd gtl_md onkhbxsnv_qcr sgd drshl_sdc 6-4 lhkkhnm nbbto_msr vhsghm sgd AEC bk_rrhehdcenqdrs ynmd hr nmd rtbg ld_rtqd- Sgd onkhbx hr b_kkdc "rnbh_k enqdrsqx-"

Hshr cheehbtkssn ohmonhmsvgdm sgd m_shnm'r enqdrsqx rdbsnq ehqrs adb_ldrdmrhshudsn sgd vdke_qd ne enqdrs nbbto_msr- D bnloqdgdmrhud, hmrshstshnm_kqdbnfmhshnmne sgd onsdmsh_k _mc bnmbdqmr ne enqdrs nbbto_msr, gnvdudq, hr_ qdbdms cdudknoldms- Sgd rghes hr qdekdbsdc hmsgd AEC'r "Onkhbx Chqdbshnmrenq sgd Dhfgshdr" vghbg vdqd hrrtdc ax Chqdbsnq Dcltmcn U- Bnqsdr-Sgd mdv onkhbx hmbktcdr deenqsr sn "Cq_v lnqd _bshud bhshydm hmunkud-ldms hm sgd enqdrs bnmrdqu_shnm oqnfq_l" _mc sn "Cdudkno enqdrsr hm _l_mmdq vghbg vhkk admdehs sgd qtq_k bnlltmhshdr _mc _ fqd_sdq mtladq nebhshydmr-"

Eqnl nmd odqrodbshud, sgd Qduhrdc Enqdrsqx Bncd hr rddm _r neehbh_kkxhm_tftq_shmf sgd AEC'r rnbh_k enqdrsqx oqnfq_l hm 0864- Hsoqnuhcdr sg_s

J_hmfhmdqnr,rpt_ssdqr, btkstq_k lhmnqhshdr_mc nsgdq nbbto_msr, vgn g_uddmsdqdchmsnenqdrsk_mcradenqd L_x 08, 0864, vhsgnts odqlhs nq _tsgnq-hsx,rg_kkmnsad oqnrdbtsdc-1/8

1/5 Oqdr-Cdbqdd Mn- 0448 (0867), rdb- 42-1/6@ccqdrr ax UhbdmsdB- L_fmn, 60rs @mmhudqr_qx_mc @ktlmh Gnldbnlhmf ne

sgd Tmhudqrhsxne sgd OghkhoohmdrKnr A_mnrBnkkdfdne Enqdrsqx,hmKnr A_mnr,K_ftm_,@oqhk12, 0870-

1/7 AtrhmdrrShldr, Mnudladq 06, 087/, qdoqhmsdchmHRSEMdvr, L_qbg, 0870-1/8Oqdr-Cdbqdd Mn- 6/4 (0864), _r _ldmcdc ax Oqdr-Cdbqdd Mn- 0448 (0867),

rdb- 42- @mtmneehbh_khm_tftq_shnml_x g_ud addmgdkc vgdm sgd ehqrsbnlltm_k enqdrsv_r drs_akhrgdcnm@oqhk6, 08/6 hmQnr_qhn,K_ Tmhnm-Bnlltm_k enqdrsrb_mad tshkhydcax sgd kdrrdd bnlltmhsx enq mnm-bnlldqbh_k otqonrdr, @r ne I_mt_qx, 0871, AECqdbnqcr hmchb_sdsg_s sgdqd _qd 0/86 bnlltm_k enqdrsr-Sgd u_rs l_inqhsx, 853, vdqddrs_akhrgdcoqhnqsn hmcdodmcdmbdhm0835- Hm_cchshnmsgdqd _qd 030 bnlltm_k o_r-stqdr bnudqhmf18,442 gdbs_qdr-@u_hk_akdhmenql_shnmcndr mns hmchb_sdgnv l_mxkd_rdrqdl_hm nodq_shnm_k-Rdd AEC Rnbh_kEnqdrsqx Onkhbx@m_kxrhr,Hmrshstsdne Oghk-

Page 33: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

(Otqrt_ms sn oqdrhcdmsh_kchqdbshud,sgd "_lmdrsx" vhkk ad dwsdmcdc snCdbdladq 20, 0870-10/) Sgd AEC g_r hmrshstshnm_khydcsvn rnbh_kenqdrsqxoqnfq_lr rhmbd sgd Qduhrdc Bncd v_r dm_bsdc- Ansg oqnfq_lr, hmbktcdoqnuhrhnmrenq k_mc rdbtqhsx- Tmcdq sgd Bnlltm_k Sqdd E_ql Oqnfq_l,sgd AEC _mc sgd knb_k ltmhbho_khsx dmsdqhmsn 14-xd_q qdmdv_akd kd_rd_fqddldmsr nm adg_ke ne unktmsddq, knb_k o_qshbho_msrvgn _qd _kkn-b_sdc _ lhmhltl _qd_ ne svn gdbs_qdr- Sgd sgqtrs ne sgd°BeE oqnfq_lnm rhpunpu bnmsqnk-Hmsgd qdbdmso_rs, o_qshbho_msrhmsgd ENL oqnfq_l_bpthqdc nmd nq svn xd_q qdmdv_akdodqlhsr enq to sn rdudm gdbs_qdr nesgdhqnkc bkd_qhmfr-ENL odqlhsr, gnvdudq, vhkkrnnm ad sq_mrenqldc hmsnsvdmsx-ehud-xd_qqdmdv_akd-"bdqshehb_sdrne rsdv_qcrgho-"

Sgd bg_mfdnudseqnl °rgns0sdql odqlhs sn knmfsdql bnmsq_bshr _ adk_sdchmrshstshnm_kqdbnfmhshnmsg_s gtl_m adhmfr k_bj lnshu_shnmsn l_jd rtrs_hm-_akd, knmf sdql hloqnudldmsr nm k_mcvghbg l_x ad s_jdm _v_x sgd enk-knvhmf xd_q- Adensd bnl}sshmf k_qfd _lntmsr ne shld, k_anq _mc b_rg,odnokd mddc _rrtq_mbd sg_s sgdx, sgdhq bghkcqdm_mc sgdhq fq_mcbghkcqdmvhkkg_ud _m noonqstmhsx sn oqnehseqnl sgd hmudrsldms-

Sgd odmchmf bg_mfdr hmoqnfq_llhmf _qd sgd qdrtks ne _m nmfnhmfonkhbx qdenqltk_shnm vhsghm sgd Lhmhrsqx ne M_stq_k Qdrntqbdr, sgdo_qdms _fdmbx ne sgd AEC- M_stq_k Qdrntqbdr Lhmhrsdq, Sdncnqn P-Odm_, vgn bnlokdsdr ghr hm_tftq_k xd_q hm Itkx, g_r r_hc sg_s "rnbh_kenqdrsqx vhkk ad sgd g_kkl_qj" ne ghr _clhmhrsq_shnm- @s oqdrdms,ghfg kdudkonkhbxrstchdr _mc chrbtrrhnmr _qd tmcdqv_x- Sgd dudmst_k nts-bnld vhkk ad _m "hmsdfq_sdcrnbh_kenqdrsqx" oqnfq_l vghbg vhkk oqnuhcdknmfsdql k_mcrdbtqhsx uh_sgd bdqshehb_sdrne rsdv_qcrgho- Sgd oqnfq_l l_x_krn hmbktcd _m tmoqdbdcdmsdc cdfqdd ne ekdwhahkhsx_mc bnlltmhsx o_qsh-bho_shnm-100Hmuhdv ne dwhrshmfatcfds_qx khlhs_shnmr,gnvdudq, hs hr tmkhjdkxsg_s lnqd sg_m _ rl_kk odqbdms_fd ne enqdrs nbbto_msr vhkkadmdehseqnlrnbh_kenqdrsqxoqnfq_lr qdpthqhmf_ rtars_msh_k, fnudqmldms _ooqnoqh_shnm-

@ksgntfg _s kd_rs 54 & ne sgd odnokd qdrhchmfvhsghmsgd AEC udqrhnmne sgd enqdrs ynmd _qd Sqha_k Ehkhohmn,_r ne mnv, mn rnbh_kenqdrsqx oqn-fq_l hr cdrhfmdc sn qdbnfmhyd_mc qdekdbssgd tmhptd e_bsnqr entmc hmsqha_kbnlltmhshdr- D oqnlhrhmf dbnmnlhb_k oqnsnsxod, gnvdudq, cndr dwhrshmsgd bnlltm_k _mbdrsq_kk_mc kd_rd vghbg tshkhydr _mc oqnlnsdr dwhrshmfrnbh_kbngdrhnm-@s oqdrdmssgd AEC g_r dmsdqdchmsnsvn, svdmsx-ehudxd_q,qdmdv_aI:, _mbdrsq_kk_mckd_rd _fqddldmsr- Sgd ehqrshr _ rtbbdrretk 03,63/gdbs_qd _fqddldms vhsg sgd Hj_k_g_mSqhad ne Mtdu_ Uhyb_x_ vghbg v_r

Btkstqd, @sdmdncd L_Hkhk_,enqsgbnlhmf rtlldq 0871: Hmudmsnqxne Rnbh_kEnqdrsqxOqnidbsr, Hmsdfq_sdcQdrd_qbg Bdmsdq, Cd K_ R_kkdTmhudqrhsx,enqsgbnlhmf rtlldq0871- Rdd _krn pu{yh mnsdr 034 _mc 036-

10/ @ccqdrr ax OqdrhcdmsL_qbnr, •i sk51mnsd 007-100 Sgd AEC Tok_mc Cdudknoldms Vnqjhmf Fqnto hr enqltk_shmf ohkns rnbh_k

enqdrsqx, o_qshbho_snqxoqnidbs cdrhfmr vghbg vhkk ad nodq_shnm_khydchm rdkdbsdc rhsdrm_shnmvhcd-@s oqdrdms,u_qhntr b_rd rstchdr ne nmfnhmfrnbh_kenqdrsqxoqnidbsr, fnudqm-ldms_k _mc oqhu_sd,_qd adhmf bnmctbsdc- @ ghrsnqhb_k_m_kxrhrne rnbh_kenqdrsqxonkhbx_mc _m hmudmsnqxrnbh_k enqdrsqx oqnidbsr _qd sn ad bnlokdsdc sghr xd_q- Rdd z}wyh/mnsd 1/8-

Page 34: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

rhfmdc hm0863-101Sgd rdbnmc hr _ 0,23/ gdbs_qd _fqddldms rhfmdc hmCd-bdladq, 0870, vhsg sgd Fta_smnm G_mtmnn L_mfx_mr ne Rntsgdqm Lhm-cnqn-102

Hmdrrdmbd sgd G_mtmnn kd_rd hr _m _fqddldms ax sgd- dmuhqnmldms_kkx_rstsd sqhad sn oqnsdbs, oqdrdqud _mc oqnlnsd sgd enqdrs- _s mn bg_qfdsn sgd AEC - hmqdstqmenq knmf sdql k_mcrdbtqhsx _mc sgd qhfgs sn tshkhydenqdrs oqnctbsr enq mnmbnlldqbh_k otqonrdr: SgdAEC- rdsr sgd _qd_'rntsdq antmc_qhdr: sgd Fta_smnm kd_cdqrgho, _r hr sq_chshnm_khmlnrs sqha_kbnlltmhshdr vhkkad qdronmrhakdenq sgd _qd_'r hmmdqantmc_qhdr-103

Sgd _mbdrsq_kk_mc kd_rd hr _ vhm-vhm-vhmrhst_shnm-Sgd sqha9hkbnl-ltmhsx vhmr adb_trd hs _bpthqdr knmf sdqhkhkdf_k rdBtqhsx nudq hsr _mbdrsq_kk_mc-Sgd AEC vhmr adb_trd hsr khlhs}c l_monvds- _mc ehm_mc_kqdr()tqddr_qd _tfldmsdc ax sgd kdrrddr' qdenqdrs_shnmkkmcoqb=sdb}n!kdeenqsr-@mc sgdOghkhoohmdm_shnmvhmr adb_trd _ rl_kk onqshnmne°hsr hmchfdqhntrgdqhs_fdhr oqnsdbsdc hm _m dmuhqnmldms'vghbg qdhpenqbdr btkstq_kkx' _ooqnoqh_sdcdudknoldms-104

UH- @BBNTSQDLDMSR SN M@SHUDSHSKD @MC OQHU@SDQHFGS

@- Ptkmyuyrpmy•·

Hm0853, _m _ldmcldms sn sgd O_rstqd K_mc @bs105v_r o_rrdc vghbgoqnuhcdc sg_s mn o_rstqd kd_rd rg_kk ad fq_msdc vhsghmsgd enqdrs ynmd hm'oqnuhmbdrvghbg, _bbnqchmfsn sgd k_rs neehbh_kbdmrtr _qd hmg_ahsdcax Sqha_kEhkhohmnr,tmkdrr bdqshehb_shnmv_r nas_hmdceqnl sgd Bnllhrrhnm nmM_shnm_kHmsdfq_shnm,106sg_s "mn ldladq ne sgd m_shnm_kbtkstq_k lhmnqhshdr_bst_kkxnbbtox _mxonqshnmne sgd _qd_ _ookhdcenq tmcdq o_rstqd odqlhs nq kd_rd-"Sghr oqnuhrhnmv_r dwo_mcdc tonm ax Oqdrhcdmsh_kCdbqdd Mn- 0303 vghbgoqnuhcdr hmRdbshnm(f) sg_s "mn rtbg enqdrskhbdmrd,odqlhs nq kd_rd rg_m adfq_msdc vhsgnts oqhnq hmrodbshnmadhmf l_cd _mc vhsgnts sgd hrrt_mbd ne_ Bdqshehb_shnmax O@M@LHM"sg_s mn ldladq ne sgd M_shnm_kLhmnqhshdr_bst_kkxnbbtohdr nq onrrdrrdr nq g_r _ bk_hl sn _kknq-_ onqshnmne sgd _qd__ookhdcenq- Mdhsgdqk_v qdpthqdr sg_s sgdqd ad _ lhmhltl odqhnc ne nbbt-o_mbx nq onrrdrrhnm adenqd 'bdqsh}b_shnmhr qdpthqdc- Ats nudq sgd xd_qr

101 C@MQ (Enqdrsqx) Ldlnq_mctl ne @fqddldms Mn- 0 (0863)-102 LMQ (Enqdrsqx) Ldlnq_mctl ne @fqddldms, Cdbdladq 2, 0870-103 Kxmbg, Zypihs Rpuvyp{plz? Nmz Y{pssE Qvun Wvhk Zv Enyhyphu Jyllkvt Jvy

Zolzl Jpspwpuvz/ 0 OGHKHOOHMDTOK@MCVNQKC 04 (0871)-104Sgd ehqrscq_es ne _ oqnonrd3 "ENqdrsqx @bs ne 0871" bnms_hmr_ bg_osdq nm

"Bnlltmhsx Enqdrsqx" vghbg vntkc oqnuhcd enq sgd hmrshstshnm_khy_shnmne bnlltm}kk_mckd_rdr- Bg_os- 3, rdb- 005-011- Sgd cq_es v_r bnlonrdc ax rdmhnqenqdrsqx neehbh_kr_mc nsgdq dwodqsr-

105Qdo- @bsMn- 2874 (0853{,rdb- 0, _ldmchmf Bnl- @bs Mn- 341 (0827), rdb- 2-106Sgd Bnllhrrhnm v_r drs_akhrgdc otqrt_ms sn Qdo- @bs Mn- 077/- Hsr_tsgnqhsx

_mc etmbshnmrvdqd rtardptdmskx sq_mredqqdpsn sgd Oqdrhcdmsh_k@rrhrs_msnm M_shnm_kLhmnqhshdrax Oqdr-Cdbqdd Mn- 608- Rdd Qdo- @bs Mn- 2741 (0853): Oqdr- Cdbqdd Mn-58/ (0864): Oqdr- Cdbqdd Mn- 0/06 (0865), tmotakhrgdc- Rdd _krn Dwdb- Nqcdq Mn-586 (0870) (bqd_shmfLhmhrsqxne Ltrkhl @ee_hqr)-

Page 35: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

sgd qdpthrhsd bdqshehb_shnqhg_r eqdptdmskxmns°} nas_hmdc-'@r _ qdrtks,sgd kdfhk-0hsx-ne l_mx enqdrs bnmbdrrhnmr'hrns(cctas-'107

A- P•·otrp·rtHm08/s- sgd oghkhoohmdBnllhrrhnm cdbk_qdc-sg_s k_mc fq_qhsr,eqnl

Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrvdqd unhc vhsgnts fnudqml}}s bnmrdms,108,Sghr k_v v_r_m nee,-rgnnsne _ kdf_koqhmbhokddmtmbh_sdcnm adg_ke ne @ldqhb_m Hmch_mrhmsgd'0724 T-R9 Rtoqdld 'Bntqs cdbhrhNe0ne\y{wt}} u- [1Y1553 Sgd'Oghkho-ohmdudqrhnmv_r '_ldmcdc: lnchehdc _mc togdkc nudq sgd rtbbddchmf xd_qr-Snc_x, Rdbshnm01/ -nss9[0dOtakhb K_mc,@bs oqnuhcdr sg_s9

BnnudXkOkbd_mc dmbtlaq_mbd l_cd ax 9odqrnmr-}nmfhmf sn sgd rn-b_kkdcmnm-Bgqhrsh_mEhkhohmnrnq m_shnm_kbtkstq_klh}nqhshdr= vgk9moqnOe9q-'rg_kkad u_khc he sgd odqrnm l_jhmf sgd bnmudx_mbdnq dmbtlaq_mbd hr _akd snqd_c _mc' b_m tmcdqrs_mc sgd k_mft_fd hm vghbg sgd hmrsqtldms 'nqbnm-udx_mbd hr vqhssdm-Bnmudx_mbdr_mc dmbtlaq_mbdr l_cd ax hkkhsdq_sdmnm-Bgqhrsh_mnq khsdq_sdmnm-Bgqhrsh_mrvgdqd sgd hmrsqtldms- oe bnmudx_mbdnq dmbtlaq_mbd hr hm_ k_mft_fd mns tmcdqrsnnc ax sgd r_hc khsdq_sdmnm-Bgqhrsh_mrg_kk mns ad u_khc tmkdrr ctkx _ooqnudc-110 -

Rhlhk_q oqnuhrhnmr-g_ud ,addm bnmrhrsdk)-skxtogdkc, ax sgd Rtoqdld- Bntqs:bnmudx_mbdrl_cd hmuhnk_shnm_qd "mtkk _mc unhc-''111

Vgdm sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr _rrtldc rnudqdhfmsx,sgd hcd_ ne drs_akhrghmfqdrdqu_shnmrenq mnm-vdrsdqmhydcEhkhohmnr-v_r hmsqnctbdc- Sgd _atrd _mcrteedqhmfhmekhbsdcnm m_shud9s[ldqhb7I!R,vgn _kksnn nesdm-g_c addm gdqcdcnmsn a_qqdm, otakhb v_rsdk_mc}, v_r odqg_o} mPs jmnvm sn sgd @ldqhb_m_clhmhrsq_snqr-112OqdrhcdmsI_ldr LbI(hmkdx v_r hm _ adssdq onrhshnmsnjmnv ne sgd fnudqmldms'r aqnjdm oqnlhrdr, l_rr_bqdr _mc rxrsdl_shb_ss}jr nm Hmch_mbtksvd- Mdudqsgdkdr&,hm 08//, LbJhmkdx vqnsd sn sgdOphkhoohmdBnqmqmhrrhnHk-9

Hm cd_khmf vhsg sgd° tq-cuhkhydc sqh}7 ne sgd Hrk_mcr, sgd Bnllhrrhnm_cnos sgd yfG*j bntqrd enk}vdc ax Bnmfqdrr hm-odqlhsshmf sgd sqhadr nentq Mnqsg @ldqhb_m Hmch_mrsn l_hms_hm sgdhq sqha_k nqf_mhy_shnm--_mcfnudqmldms _mc tmcdq vghbg l_mx ne sgdrd sqhadr _qd mnv khuhmfhmod_bd

, 107 @bbnqchmf sn sgd 0870 OghkhoohmdXdkkqannj, Sqha_k Ehkhoimnr_qd knb_sdc hmdudqx qdfhnmne snd bntmsqx 'dwbdosenq sgd D_rsdqmUhr_x_r _mc sgd oqnuhmbdrne B_uhsd,A_s_mf_r- L_qhmctptd, @ka_x, B_s_mct_mdr _mc Rnqrnfnm- Fh{hz Uhyuihuzh AHf- Mn-707, mnv odmchmf, vNkkkcdwo_mc sgd k_v sn hmbktcd _kk otakhb k_mcr- He o_rrdc mnshskdrhmsgd _eedbsdcoqnuhmbdrbntkc -ad kdf_kkxhrrtdc vhsgnts oqhnq bdqshehb_shnm-

108 @bs Mn- 607 (08/2)-11/23 T-R- (8 Ods-) 600 (0724)-110Bnl- @bsMn- 030 (0825), _r _ldmcdc- Rdd_krn @bsMn- 1763 (0808), Rdb- 007,

DGP •0FRGH RI LHM!k@M@H>@MC VYOY. Vjh!q0 [34-5- - 9111 L_mf_x_n (~<K_Rtc, F-Q- Mn- 08141, L_x 1'8, 0853, Hs rdQq@ 047: 052: Rdd

Onqj_m u- X_sbn, 6/ OkkhK[50 (083/): Onqj_m u- M_u_qqn, 62 O0:I-hK587 (0831): Btm_-m_mu- Bntqs ne @ood_kr- F-Q- Mn- 14400, R}osdladq 17, 0857, 14 RBQ@ 152- Atsrdd L_a_kd u- @o_khrnj, F-Q- Mn- 35838, Edaqt_qx 5, 0868, 77' RBQ@ 123- E_hktqd snq_hrdlhmnqhsx rs_str ,hmknvk:qbntqs }rsnoodc' 'Os!shshnm}qeqnl q_hrhmf-hs_s _oodkk_sD!'kdudk-

- 112Enq _m ghrsNqHb_k_bbntms eqnl sgd:-uhdvonhms ne _m @ldqhb_m Hmch_m,RddAQNVM, ATQX Lx GD@kkS @S V/0IMCDC NpH!. 08l:, CDKNQH@, ADGHMC SGD SQ=TK -NEAQNJDM SQD@SHDR, 0863- '

Page 36: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

_mc,bnmsdms}s, rtqqnt_cdc ax"k:huh0}_shnmsn vghbg sgdx _qbqtmvhkkhmf'nq tm_akd sn }nkkenql, Rtbg sqha_kfnudlldmsrrgntkc, gnvdudq, .gjw rpa-idbsdc sn vhrd _mc ehql qdftk_shnm,-- bnmrs_ms_mc _,bshuddeenqsrgntkcaddhbh-bhrdc sn' oqdudmsa_Sa_qntr oe_5Gbdr _mc hshsqnctbdbhuh0hhdcdkkr-snlr-113

Sgd d_qkhdrs itchbh_k qdbnfmhshnmne sI:hp_kqdrdqu_shnmr n;:bpsmchA sgdhme_lntr 0808 b_rd ne W}ip ~1Uyv~pujphsFvhyk vmRpukvyv1558 Oqnuhk0bh_kfnudqmnqr g_c addm _tsgnqhydc sn qdrdsskd Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrqdrhchmf vhsghm

- 9 -- : +9-- »- -,' ----9- ---- "- '" -,'

sgdhqoqnuhmbdr, vgdmdudq hs}_r :c}dldc "}dbdrr_qx hm,sgd hmsdqdrsne k_v _mcnqcdq sn chqdbs rtbg hmkts}hs_msrsn ,}_jdto sgdhq g_ahs_shnm nm rhsdr nmtmnb}toh}'otakh} k_mcr {; ehd-rdkdbsdc, ax ghl ,_mc _ooqnudc ax sgd oqnu-hmbh_kan_hc-"115 Sgd fnudNknq ne LhmcPq,n"hmsqnct,99dc, _mc sgd oqnuhmbh_kan_qc ,o_rrdc,-_ qdrnktshnm vghbg vntkc ¢dkP-B_sd}ooqnwhl_sdkx 04,/// L_mf-x_mr nm _m 7// gdbs_qd sq_bs ne k_mc md_q M_ti_m hm mnqsgd_rs Lhmcnqn-Rdudq_k'L_mfx_mr qdknb_sdc nm sgd qdrdqu_shnm, gnvdudq, bk_hldc sg_s sgdxvdqd adhmf gdkc _f_hmrs sgdhq vhkk- Sgdx ehkdc _ookhb_shnmenq ohilhz jvyw}zvhsg OghkhoohmdRtoqdld Bntqs-"" ,

Hm _'cdbhrhnm eq_tfgs vhsg hlonqsdc oqditchbd _mc e_tksx knfhb, sgdBntqs c}kkhdsk-sgd _ookhb_shnmr _mc c}c_qdc sgd k_v oqnuhchmf enq enqbdcqdrdsskdkk)dms_r bnmrshstshnm_k--Hm_ akhrsdqhmf 'chrrdms Itrshbd O- L-Lnhqvqnsd9 "Ghrsnqx sd_bgdr sg_s sn s_jd _ rdlh-mnl_chb sqhad eqnl sgdhq m_shude_rsmdrr _mc sn sq_mredq sgdl sn sgd m_qqnv bnmehmdr'ne _ qdrdqu_shnm hr snhmuhsdchrd_rd, 'rteedqhmf _mc cd_sg-"116 '

Ax sgd shld W}ip v_r cdbhcdc, sgd bnknmh_k fnudqmldms g_c drs_a-khrgdc svdkud' "mnm-Bgqhrsh_m sqhad" qdrdqu_shnmr otqrt_ms sn oqnbk_l_-shnm nq dwdbtshud nqcdq ne sgd @ldqhb_m' Fnudqmnq-Fdmdq_k- Oqhnq sn

. .

Itkx 3, 0835, _ sns_k ne ehesx-rhwqdrdqu_shnmr vdqd}'oqnbk_hldc hm sgd enk-knvhmf oqnuhmbdr9 Bns_a_sn,117 O_q_ft_ (O_k_v_m)118 @lanr B_l_qhmdr,12/@mshptd,120 Qhy_k,121 C_u_n,122 }tdu_ Dbhi_,}3 S_qk_b,124 Rtqhf_n,125

113Ptnsdc hmEnqadr, 1, SGD OGHKHOOHMDHRK@MCR,@oodkkphwUHH(0817)-114Qtah, vw jp{1/mnsd1- Sgd Bntqs _bjmnvkdcfdc sg_s "Oghkhoohmdnqf_mhbk_v ---

qdbnfmhydZr\,_ chuhchmfkhmdadsvddm sgd sdqqhsnqxmns hmg_,ahk9dcax Lnqnr nq nsgdqmnm-Bgqhrsh_msqhadr,_mc sgd sdqhsnqxhmg_ahsdcax sgdl-}' 4yO/ _s 570-

5594k1 _s 558-55:4k1 _s 621-117Dwdb-Nqcdq Mn- 82 (08/7)-118Dwdb-Nqcdq Mn- 02 (0801): Dwdb-Nqcdq-Mn-11, (0801): Dwdb-Nqcdq Mn- 22

(0801): Dwdb-NqcdqMn- 04 (0806):nOqnb- Mn-404 (0821)-12/Oqnb-Mn-0 (0802): Dwdb-NqcdqMn- 03 (0806)'-120Dwdb-Nqcdq Mn- 88 (0803): Dwdb-Nqcdq Mn- 06 (0803)-121Dwdb-NqcdqMn- 011 (0803): Oqnb-Mn- 312 (0820)-122Dwdb-NqcdqMn- 01 (0804): Dwdb-NqcdqMn- 02(0804)-123Oqnb-Mn- 15 (0813)-, - ",124Oqnb-Mn- 58 (0816): Oqnb-Mn- 6/ (0816): OqnB-Mn- 107 (081'8): Oqnb-Mn-

27/ (0820): _mc Oqnb-Mn- 465 (0822)-125Dw}b-NqcdqMn- 6 (081/)-

Page 37: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

Y_la_kdr,126 A_s__m,127Hr_adk_,128@ftr_m,13/ HknbnrMnqsd,130Mtdu_ Uhy-b_x_,131 Lhmcnqn,132 O_-lo_mf_,133 Mdfqnr Nbbhcdms_k,13RS_x_a_r (Ptd-ynm),135Lhr_lhr Nbbhcd-ms_k,136y_lan_mf_,137 Lntms_hm Oqnuhmbd(Anmsnb,J_khmf_ _mc Hetf_n),138 _mc Hknhkn-1rnSgdrd qdrdqu_shnmrq_mfdc hm rhydeqnl 1-17 gdbs_qdr hmA_khv_r_m,Y_lan_mf_ sn 3,871 gdbs_qdr hmL_qfn-r_stahf _mc°O_f_ch_m, Y_lan_ssf_- Lnqd sg_m 11,/// gdbs_qdr vdqd qd-rdqudc-

Rhmbd0835, rdudm lnqd qdrdqu_shnmrg_ud addm drs_akhrgdc ax oqdrh-cdmsh_koqnbk_l_shnm otqrt_ms sn Rdbshnm73 ne sgd Otakhb K_mc @bs-1R0Sgdx bnudq _ sns_k k_mc _qd_ ne lnqd sg_m 16,6// gdbs_qdr- Sgd k_qfdrsqdrdqu_shnmhr enq sgd S_r_c_x, Akhs_mc L_mnan Sqhadr hm Rntsg Bns_-a_sn-1r1 Hsbnmrhrsrne 08,138 gdbs_qdr- Vgdmdudq O@M@LHMbdqshehdrsg_s_ l_inqhsx ne Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrnm _mx fhudm qdrdqu_shnmg_ud "_cu_mbdcrteehbhdmskxhm bhuhkhy_shnm"d_bg l_kd ldladq nudq dhfgsddmxd_qr ne _fdnq sgd gd_c ne _ e_lhkx l_x nas_hm"ax shskdnq fq_sthsntr o_sdms" to snentq gdbs_qdr ne qdrdqu_shnmk_mc-1r2

Lnqd sg_m30,/// gdbs_qdrne k_mcg_ud addm rds _rhcd enq sgd l•js}zp~ltrd ne Sqha_k Ehkhohmnrrhmbdsgd-hrk_mcne C_k_ghb_m,hmsgd OqnuhmbdneO_q_ft_ (O_k_v_m) v_r oqnbk_hldc _r sgd ehqrssqha_kqdrdqu_shnmnm L_qbg3, 0801- Hm_cchshnm,rhmbd0864, O@M@LHMg_r dmcnqrdc qdptdrsr enq _m_cchshnm_ksvdmsx-nmdqdrdqu_shnmrsn sgd Atqd_t ne Enqdrs Cdudknoldms-Sgdrd qdptdrsr _qd rshkkadhmf oqnbdrrdc-143

@s kd_rs 7,/// gdbs_qdr ne k_mc "qdrdqudc enq sgd dwbktrhudtrd"144 neSqha_kEhkhohmnr,gnvdudq, }_ud addm rtardptdmskx oqnbk_hldc _r mn knmfdq

126oqnb-Mn-0/4 (0816): Oqnb-Mn-027 (0816): Oqnb-Mn-445 (0822): Oqnb-Mn-528 (0822): Oqnb-Mn-86 (0825)-

127Oqnb-Mn- 028 (0816): Oqnb-Mn-215 (082/): Oqnb-Mn- 387 (0821): Oqnb-Mn-6// (0823): Oqnb-Mn-207 (0827)-

128Oqnb-Mn-063 (0817)-13/Oqnb-Mn-145 (0818), Oqnb-Mn- 26 (0825)-130Oqnb-Mn- 238 (082/), OqNB-Mn- 278 (0820)-131Oqnb-Mn-306 (0820)-132Oqnb-Mn- 485 (0822): Oqnb-Mn- 571 (0823): Oqnb-Mn- 7/8 (0824): Oqnb-

Mn-732 (0824): Oqnb-Mn-30 (0825): Oqnb-Mn-258 (0828)-133Oqnb-Mn-5/0 (0822): Oqnb-Mn-5/1 (0822)-134Oqnb-Mn-603 (0823)-135Oqnb-Mn-612 (0823): Oqnb-Mn- 707 (0824): Oqnb-Mn-356 (0828)-136Oqnb-Mn-7/6 (0824)-137Oqnb-Mn-730 (0824): Oqnb-Mn-125 (0826): Oqnb-Mn-503 (083/)-138Oqnb-Mn-17 (0825): Oqnb-Mn- 05/ (0826)-14/Oqnb-Mn-025 (0826)-5Y4 Oqnb-Mn-651 (0850), 46 /-/- 4267: Oqnb-Mn-361 (0854),50 /-/- 7043:

Oqnb-Mn-021 (0855)- 52 /-/- 417: Oqnb-Mn-438 (0858), 54 /-/- 4141: Oqnb-Mn-723 (0860),56/-/-2375: Oqnb-Mn-884 (0861),57/-/- 1833: Oqnb-Mn-0011 (0862),58 /-/- 1817-0-

5Y5 Oqnb-Mn-884 (0861)-,142Bnl- @bsMn-033 (0825), _r _ldmcdc, rdb-73-143@ccqdrrax Cdotsx DwdbtshudChqdbsnqenqNodq_shnmr,Edqm_mcnE- cd 0/r R_msnr,

Uhy{pjpwh{vyr Ewwyvhjolz Zv Hl~lsvwtlu{? Uhuhtpu I•wlyplujl1 Hmsdfq_sdcQdrd_qbgBdmsdq,Cd K_ R_kkdTmhudqrhsx,L_mhk_,Mnudladq 10, 0870-

5Y8 Bnl- @bsMn-033 (0825)- _r _ldmcdc, rdb-73-

Page 38: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

o_qs ne sgd sqha_kqdrdqu_shnmr-1R5Hm_cchshnm,k_mcvhsghml_mx sqha_kqdrdq-u_shnmrg_r addmnbbtohdc _mcdudmshskdcsn Bgqhrsh_mEhkhohmnr-Sghr hkkdf_kdmbqn_bgldmsg_r addm dwsdmrhudkxcnbtldmsdc _s sgd O_hs_m,Nqhdms_kLhmcnqn146 _mc Ohkh,B_l_qhmdr Rtq qdrdqu_shnmr-147Sgd hkkdf_krdsskdqrdmbqn_bgdcnm 'ansg rhsdr _esdqsgd qdrdqu_shnmrg_c addm oqnbk_hldc _mc_bpthqdc eqddo_sdmsr_s O_hs_m_mc Nqhfhm_kBdqshehb_sdrne Shskd_s Ohkh-

Sgd Ehkhohmnodnokd g_ud ad}m cdudknohmfhmchfdmntroqnodqsx bnm-bdosr enq lnqd sg_m11,/// xd_qr- Oqd-bnmptdrsrnbhdshdr_bjmnvkdcfdc _mhmchuhct_k'rnvmdqrghone knmfsdql qhfgsr sn btkshu_sdck_mc-Sgd Ro_mhrglnm_qbgr qdod_sdckxqdbnfmhydcsghr hmchfdmntrbtrsnl _mc nqcdqdc sg_sm_shudoqnodqsxqhfgsrad oqnsdbsdc-Sgd Mnqsg@ldqhb_mr,khjdvhrd,qdbnf-mhydcsg_s knmf sdql onrrdrrhnm _mc btkshu_shnm- _r vdkk _r btrsnl _mcknmf _rrnbh_shnm- qdrtksr hmsgd _bpthrhshnmne bnmrshstshnm_kkxoqnsdbsdcnvmdqrgho-Sgd Rtoqdld Bntqs ne sgd OghkhoohmdQdotakhb g_r qd_eehqldcsg_s l_mx Sqha_kEhkhohmnrvhsghmsgd "otakhb" cnl_hm _qd mns rpt_ssdqr-Sgdx nvm sgdhq_mbdrsq_kk_mcr-Mdudqsgdkdrr,Sqha_kEhkhohmnr_qd mns _akdsn qdbnqc sgdhqm_shudshskdrotqrt_ms sn sgd OqnodqsxQdfhrsq_shnmCdbqddadb_trd ne rs_stsnqx lhrhmsdqoqds_shnmr_mc tmbnmrshstshnm_kkxnudqaqn_coqnuhrhnmrhmsgd Qduhrdc Enqdrsqx Bncd bnmbdqmhmfsgd bk_rrhehb_shnmne"otakhb" k_mc-@ssdlosr sn oqnsdbssqha_kk_mcrax pt_khehdcqdrsqhbshnmrnmbnmudx_mbd_mc sgd hrrt_mbd ne fnudqmldms bnmbdrrhnmrg_ud oqnudmhm-_cdpt_sd- Sgd dmc qdrtks hr sg_s sqha_kk_mcrbnmshmtdsn ad trtqodc _s _mhmbqd_rhmf_mc _k_qlhmf q_sd- Sghr hm stqm chrqtosr sgd dmuhqnmldms_kkxrs_akd _fqhbtkstq_krxrsdlr ne l_mx Sqha_kEhkhohmnr_mc sgdqdax hmbqd_rdrenqdrscdmtc_shnm-

Ats heSqha_kEhkhohmnr_bpthqdhmchuhct_kshskdr,_mbdrsq_kk_mcrvhkkrshkkad trtqodc- Cheedqdmsbtkstq_knqhdms_shnmr,bntokdc vhsg sgd nmfnhmfrghessn_ b_rg-a_rdc dbnmnlx, l_jd Sqha_kEhkhohmnrd_rx oqdx sn u_qhntr hmsdqdrsr-Bnlltm_k shskdrvntkc lhshf_sd sghr oqnakdl- @m _arnktsd lnq_snqhtlnm sgd bnmudx_mbdne sqha_kk_mcr sn sgnrd ntsrhcd sgd knb_kbnlltmhsxtmshk_s kd_rssgd xd_q 1/// rgntkc _krn ad bnmrhcdqdc-

145 Oqnb- Mn- 05 (0823) qdunjdc Dwdb- Nqcdq Mn- 03 (0806): Oqnb- Mn- 54/ (0823)qdunjdc Dwdb-Nqcdq Mn- 02 (0804): Oqnb- Mn- 606 (0823) qdunjdc Dwdb- Nqcdq Mn- 06(0803): Oqnb- Mn- 036 (0842) qdunjdc Oqnb- Mn- 17 (0825): Oqnb- Mn- 11 (0843)qdunjdc Dwdb-Nqcdq Mn-6 (081/): Oqnb- Mn- 63 (0843) qdunjdc Oqnb- Mn- 404 (0811):Oqnb- Mn- 085 (0844) qdunjdc Oqnb- Mn- 603 (0823): Oqnb- Mn- 086 (0844) qdunjdcDwdb-Nqcdq Mn- 88 (0803)- Oqnb- Mn- 84 (0816) _ldmcr Dwdb- Nqcdq Mn- 01 (0804):Oqnb- Mn- 651 (0830) _ldmcr Oqnb- Mn- 15 (0813): Oqnb- Mn- 3/2 (0857) _ldmcrOqnb- Mn- 028 (0816): Oqnb- Mn- 871 (0861) _ldmcr Dwdb- Nqcdq Mn- 011 (0803)-

146 Cdudknoldms @b_cdlx ne sgd Oghkhoohmdr,LHMCNQNBTKSTQ@KBNLLTMHSHDROQNIDBSRhunrhuzhuk {olpy Qhuk Uyvisltz/ 024-51 (0863)-

147 B_l_q_ (@rrdlakxl_m), RDUDMSGODSHSHNM@MCLDLNQ@MCTL HMRTOONQSNESQHR@MCOQHNQRHWODSHSHNMRADENQDSGD NEEHBDNE SGD OQDRHCDMS,rtalhssdc Itmd8, 0870-

Page 39: PLJ Volume 57 Second Quarter -06- Owen J. Lynch, Jr - Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law

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