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건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
CAD/CAMCAD/CAM학회학회 한일한일 워크샵워크샵 20082008PLM Best Practice Conference 2008PLM Best Practice Conference 2008
건설건설 및및 플랜트플랜트 분야의분야의
PLM PLM 적용적용 기술기술 현황현황 및및 전망전망
2008. 7. 102008. 7. 10
김김 인인 한한
경희대학교경희대학교 토목건축대학토목건축대학Inhan Kim, Inhan Kim, KyungHeeKyungHee University, University, [email protected]@khu.ac.kr
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
ContentsContents
OverviewOverviewPLM in Construction & PlantPLM in Construction & Plant
PLCSShare-A-SpaceFIATECHTOCOMAN
Standard Data Model BasedStandard Data Model BasedSTEP BasedIFC-BIM Based
ConclusionConclusion
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
BackgroundBackground
건설건설 및및 플랜트플랜트 분야의분야의 PLM PLM 적용은적용은 산업계의산업계의 수요가수요가 크나크나 핵심핵심 기술기술
이이 부재부재
친환경친환경 추세에추세에 따라따라 경쟁력경쟁력 돌파구돌파구 필요필요
LSE(LargeLSE(Large Scale Engineering)Scale Engineering)의의 경우경우, , 사용사용··유지보수유지보수 분야가분야가 설계설계
시공보다시공보다 중요해중요해 지는지는 추세이나추세이나 현재까지는현재까지는 사각지대임사각지대임
Mega StructureMega Structure에에 대한대한 체계적인체계적인 접근접근 기술이기술이 부재부재
대량생산대량생산 소비재소비재 제품과는제품과는 다른다른 접근접근 방식이방식이 필요필요
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
ConstructionConstruction LifeCycleLifeCycle
각각 단계별단계별 다양하고다양하고 복잡한복잡한 참여자참여자 존재존재단계별단계별 발생되는발생되는 정보의정보의 원활한원활한 흐름흐름 불가불가((정보정보 단절단절))통합모델통합모델 적용적용 필요필요(STEP(STEP기반기반 또는또는 BIM/IFCBIM/IFC기반기반))전전 생애주기생애주기 동안의동안의 정보정보 관리관리 필요필요(PLM)(PLM)
EngineeringConstruction
FeasibilityStudy
Architectural Programming
Conceptual Design
DesignDevelopment
Bidding ConstructionFacility
Management
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Productivity of AEC Productivity of AEC Industry(JapanIndustry(Japan))출처: 일본토목공업협회, 2006
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
Requirement from the AEC industryRequirement from the AEC industry
Design Procurement Installation/Construction
Operation & maintenance
Improvement
Disposal/Reuse
Facility life cycle
support management of lifecycle data. But the lifecycle data comes from previous phase such as design, construction, etc.
•Integration
•Data Exchange
•Common Data ModelFacility Management
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PLM in Construction & PlantPLM in Construction & Plant
Current StatusCurrent Status
PLCS
Share-A-Space
FIATECH
TOCOMAN
IFC
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
Challenge of Engineering Supply ChainChallenge of Engineering Supply Chain
The Engineering Supply Chain through the product life-cycle.
White Paper: Sharing Product Data Through Life in the Extended Enterprise – the Share-A-space™solutionDr Mattias Johansson, EurostepCommercial Solutions AB, Sweden.
The traditional supply chains acting vertical in each life-cycle stage
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
PLCS VisionPLCS Vision
Achieving inter-operability of life-cycle support software applications through PLCS
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ShareShare--AA--Space Vision. Space Vision. EuroSTEPEuroSTEP
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FIATECH CPT RoadmapFIATECH CPT Roadmap
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TOCOMANTOCOMAN
Product ArchitectureProduct Architecture Source: Arto Kiviniemi: VTT, 2008
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Standard Data Model BasedStandard Data Model Based
STEP BasedSTEP Based
IFCIFC--BIM BasedBIM Based
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STEPSTEPStStandard for the andard for the EExchange of xchange of PProduct model dataroduct model data
전산화된전산화된 제품모델제품모델 데이터의데이터의 상호상호 교환과교환과 표현의표현의 매개체를매개체를 발전시키기발전시키기위한위한 ISO ISO 표준화표준화 프로젝트프로젝트
STandard Standard project in ISO (ISO 10303)(International Standard Organization)
Exchange Exchange of computer digital data
Productmodel data
산업전반에 걸친 제품의 계획, 설계, 해석, 생산, 그리고 관리등의 생명주기에 관계된 제품 모델(Product Model)의모든 정보(Data)
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STEP: StructureSTEP: StructureApplication Protocols(Part 200번대)Abstract Test Suites (Part 300번대)Description Methods (Part 1, 10번대)Integrated Information Resources
Application Modules (Part 1000번대)Integrated Application Resources (Part 100번대)Integrated Generic Resources (Part 40번대)Application Interpreted Constructs (Part 600번대)
Implementation Methods (Part 20번대)Conformance Testing Methodology & Framework (Part 30번대)
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
AP241 Project OverviewAP241 Project Overview
Title : Title : Industrial automation systems and integration Industrial automation systems and integration --Product data representation and exchange Product data representation and exchange -- Part 241: Part 241: Application protocol: Generic model for Lifecycle support Application protocol: Generic model for Lifecycle support of AEC facilitiesof AEC facilitiesProject Group : Project Group : ISO TC184/SC4/WG3/T22 Building and ISO TC184/SC4/WG3/T22 Building and
ConstructionConstruction
Project Leader : Project Leader : Inhan Kim, Inhan Kim, KyungheeKyunghee UniversityUniversityProject Editor : Project Editor : Dr. Tatsuo Terai, Dr. Tatsuo Terai, Japan, Chiba Institute of Japan, Chiba Institute of
TechnologyTechnology
참여국가참여국가: : 영국영국, , 독일독일, , 스페인스페인, , 포르투갈포르투갈, , 일본일본, , 스웨덴스웨덴등등
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
AP241 provides AP241 provides environmental data & PLCS capability environmental data & PLCS capability
Design Procurement Installation/Construction
Operation & maintenance
Improvement
Disposal/Reuse
Facility life cycle
support management of lifecycle data.
AP241gathers environmental information of AEC area.(Building, Plant, Bridge, Transportation, Tunnel, Dam)
Use & accumulate Reference Data•ISO 15926 part 4•Gellish
AP241 includes;•AP203e2 shape representation•AP221 functional data & symbolization•PLCS modules
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AP241: BackgroundAP241: Background
목적목적2차원 및 3차원 형상 표현 기반, 복합엔지니어링 시설물(빌딩, 플랜트, 도로, 교량 등) 정의시설물 생애주기 데이터 관리 및 활동 지원
제안제안 내용내용개념적인 레벨에서 시설물 관련 데이터 정의도메인 별 상세모델은 필요에 따라 모듈을 개발하여 확장PLCS를 활용한 시설물 생애주기 지원모델 개발AP203e2의 형상표현모듈을 활용한 2D/3D 형상표현참조데이터를 통한 도메인 상세 정보 표현 및 데이터 통합IFC 등 건설분야 De facto 표준과의 상호 연계 방안 마련
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
AP241 & Related Standard ModelAP241 & Related Standard ModelAP239 AP221
AP203 edition2Reference Data
•Product Identification•Activity recording•Product status recording•Etc.
•External item identification& assignment capabilities
•Class classification capabilities
•Shape representation capabilities
•Products•Process•Assets•Organization•Property
AP241•AEC Product definition•AEC Process definition•AEC Resource definition•AEC Control definition•Relationship between AEC object(every object is defined as abstract level)
AP225 modules•Building item•Building component•Building structure
•Architecture•HVAC/Piping•Transport•Electrical•Structure
•RDL for the PLANT area•Gellish for the civil & the Construction area
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AP241 CC & COsAP241 CC & COs
CO matrix tableCO matrix table
View DefinitionDomain
Spatial/ Architecture
HVAC/Piping/Transport
Electrical Structural
Building CO1 CO8 CO9 CO10
TransportationRoad CO2 CO8 CO9 CO10
Railway CO3 CO8 CO9 CO10
Plant CO4 CO8 CO9 CO10
Bridge CO5 CO8 CO9 CO10
Tunnel CO6 CO8 CO9 CO10
Dam CO7 CO8 CO9 CO10
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AP241 ApproachAP241 Approach
AP241
Information model(PLCS DEX)
Domain specific information model(create & adopt STEP Module)
•Building: IFC•Road Create Road module•Bridge Create Bridge module
based on IFCBridge
Reference Data Library•Plant ISO 15926 part 4•Civil Gellish•Dam tobe
Interface
Environment-conscious information
Realization by information model
(environment-conscious information model)
Realization by reference data
(environment-conscious reference data)
Mapping
Mapping
Expansion
*Reference(modified): ECPC, JIPDEC, “Guideline for establishment of PLCS information models for the environment”, 2006.
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AP241 Specializations by RDLAP241 Specializations by RDL
Standard ReferenceData
AP241 Requirements The red specializations do not appear in the actual AP241 schema
AP241 Schema
Instead, they appear in Standardized Reference Data Libraries
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Classification & External reference for BuildingClassification & External reference for Building
Building elementBuilding element
Classification (RDL)
Digital geometry file for each ”part” – STEP generic, AP225, IFC 2x, DWG, etc.
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RDL property assignment structureRDL property assignment structure
class_of_product Physical_quantity_spaceclass_of_possession_of_property
pipe pressurerated_pressure_of_pipe
individual Physical_quantity_instancepossession_of_property
myPipe 200MPa
member of member of member of
class_of_product Physical_quantity_rangeproperty_condition
pipe type XYZ 200 MParated_pressure_of_pipe_XYZ
subclass of subclass ofsubclass of
member of member ofmember of
rated_pressure_of_myPipe
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AP241 4D ApproachAP241 4D Approach
Two approachesTwo approachesontology theoreticians call them 3D and 4D3D – time stamps on properties and relationships4D – time stamps on “temporal parts”
4D used by engineering analysis4D used by engineering analysistemporal part called a “state”
3D used by traditional PDM3D used by traditional PDMproperties and relationships have ”effectivity”
AP 241 uses 4D approachAP 241 uses 4D approachfor product_as_realized
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AP241 Time Variations AP241 Time Variations –– 4D4D
Facility L_101Time
AinP1 BinP2 CinP3
*P: Period of Time
*PT: Point in Time*M: Maintenance
PT2 PT3
Install A as P_101 FM1 FM2
PT1
L_101
P_101PUMP SN 98/12345
SN 07/7890 SN 98/1234
in Storebeing Repaired
in Site
MaintenanceFM1
Install ‘98/1234’as P_101
Remove ‘98/1234’
Install B’07/7890’as P_101
In-service
1998.03.01 2007.10.12
B
A
A
P1 P2
Install B as P_101 Statements• L_101: functional location of a
PIPE LINE• P_101: functional location of
a PUMP• A is a PUMP(SN 98/1234)• B is a PUMP(SN 07/7890)
•From 1998-03-01 until 2007-10-12 PUMP A is installed as P_101
•From 2007-10-12 PUMP B is installed
as P_101• A is being repaired, but still asset.
• P_101 is a part of L_101• A is a part of P_101’s lifecycle• B is a part of P_101’s lifecycle• A is a successor of B
• 1998.03.01 is a Beginning of P_101
• Install A is an Event as a Boundary Beginning of AinP1
• Maintenance FM1 is an Event as a Boundary Ending of AinP1
• Broken PUMP A at PT2 is an Individual at instant AatPT2
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AP241 Time variationsAP241 Time variations
SpaceSpace--time extensiontime extension
time
space
facility P_101asset no. 98/1234
in store
replacement of equipment
installed as P_101
asset no. 07/7890
being repaired
*modified: ISO 15926 part 2
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AP241 Specify perform & monitor workAP241 Specify perform & monitor work
Specify task T_101
Approve specificationof task T_101
Perform task T_101
Monitor task T_101
Specify, perform and monitor task T_101
work orderfor T_101
work orderapproval for
T_101
Sign -offfor T_101
Documentsissued:
Work order not issued Work order issued
Work order not approved Work order approved
Task not signed -offTask signed-off
States of the activity:
Activities:
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AP241 Core modulesAP241 Core modulesmodule name scope / definition
Root_objects This module defines root objects which enable a common approach to identification and provenance to be defined for all objects within an application domain.
Temporal_objects This module defines temporal objects which enable the implementation of the approach to time variation that defines temporal parts. This module is consistent with the "4D" upper ontology approach.
Data_creation_and_maintenance_activity
This module records of an object was created/modified/deleted by the user.
Aec_functions_and_domains
This module supports the use of products to provide functions within an AEC facility, and specifies the AEC engineering discipline.
Work_management This module supports activities which define, approve, monitor and sign-off work with an AEC project.
Project_resources This module supports resources required by an activities within an AEC project. The resources can be equipment that performs the activity, material consumed by the activity, people, and software.
Aec_cost_schedule This module supports the budget and actual costs for activities within an AEC project and their resources.
Aec_service_life This module specifies the resources required by an activity within an AEC project. The resources can be equipment that performs the activity, material consumed by the activity, people, and software.
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AP241 AP241 Individual Building elements, Type, & Individual Building elements, Type, & Location assignmentLocation assignment
Location
Level 2
001 Bedroom 1
002 Bedroom 2
Part 3
Building B_v2Building B
003 Kitchen
004 Wardrobe
005 Toilet
006 Living room
007 Hall
Building B Level 2Part 3Stair case 1Flat 1
FLat 1
ID on Space
008 Archive
YV001:2
D9a:1
D9a:2
Individual
YV001:1
GeometryProperty
”Littera”
YV001:4
YV001:3
IV95:1
Type
IV ABC
Door XYZ
Stair case 1
Group
ID on Building Element
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AP241 AP241 Individual Building elements & activitiesIndividual Building elements & activities
YV001:2
D9a:1
D91:2
Individual
YV001:1
GeometryProperties
”Littera”
YV001:4
YV001:3
IV95:1
12345-Installation of door (TIME=4h)
DoorDoor1.0
1.0
ScrewScrew6
6
Door-casingDoor-casing5.0
5.0
12345-Installation of wall (TIME=20h)
Steel studsSteel studs10.0
10.0
Mineral woolMineral wool6
6
GypsumGypsum10.0
10.0
Relation “end-start”
State observed
State definition
Monday 15:e aprilSven Svensson
T 12345on
IV95:1
T 2222on
D9a:1
T 2222 on
D9a:2
Mineral wool Gypsum
Put in placeMineral wool
Put in placeSteel studs
Steel studs
Put in placegypsum
Scheme for Installation of wall type IV95
Installation of wallon IV95:1 Work Order
Scheme Assignment
Choosen Method
Task descriptions for XYZs std wall
Installation of wall type IV95
Building B Level 2Part 3Stair case 1Flat 1
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AP241 BrowserAP241 Browser
EDMinterfaceTM = SDAI + DB Functions + Queries
DatabaseManagement
ExpressComplier
Express-GModeling/Viewing
STEPRead & Write
EDMexpressDebugger
Express-XModel Conversion
ModelChecker
TCP/IP
ExpressSchema
STEPPhysicalFile
Express XSchema
JAVAClasses
C++Classes
HTMLOutput
EDMserverTM
EDMdatabaseTM
(Express Store)EDM
OpenCASCADE
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AP241 BrowserAP241 Browser
AP241 Browser
CAD Program(Microstation, …) Graphical Data
Gellish Data(Civil & Construction
Area)
Graphical Representation
module
Property Management
module
Non
gra
phic
al d
ata
Non
gra
phic
al d
ata
.stp File
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
AP241 BrowserAP241 BrowserGellish Data(Civil & Construction Area)Gellish Data(Civil & Construction Area)
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AP241 BrowserAP241 Browser
Object’s Properties are in sync with Gellish table
*Developed with COSPEC
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Standard Data Model BasedStandard Data Model Based
STEP BasedSTEP Based
IFCIFC--BIM BasedBIM Based
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IAI Overview & GoalIAI Overview & Goal
IAI (International Alliance for Interoperability)IAI (International Alliance for Interoperability)국제건설정보표준연맹건물 건설 산업의 여러 단계에서 발생되는 정보의 교환 및 공유를 원활히 할 목적으로 발족된 기구
GoalGoalTo enable interoperability between AEC/FM applications from different Software vendors
건축가
토목엔지니어
건물소유주
컨트롤엔지니어
시공관리자
구조엔지니어
설비엔지니어
시설물관리자
건축가
토목엔지니어
건물소유주
컨트롤엔지니어
시공관리자
구조엔지니어
설비엔지니어
시설물관리자
공유모델
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IAI 13IAI 13 chapters chapters
북미 지부독일어 권 지부영국 지부일본 지부싱가포르 지부북유럽 지부프랑스어 권 지부오스트레일리아 지부한국 지부이베리아 지부이탈리아 지부중국 지부베네룩스 지부
53?
18
79NACN
KR
JP
SG
AU
NOUK
GSFS
ITIBBL
13 Chapters
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IFC Vision IFC Vision is finally changing into realityis finally changing into reality
The global transition from documentThe global transition from document--based work methods based work methods towards use of integrated BIM is happening in the AECO. towards use of integrated BIM is happening in the AECO.
This will inevitably change the processes and value network: Increasing value of information throughout the lifecycle, More efficient use of simulation and analysis tools starting at the early phases of design,Improved and semi-automated design coordination,More accurate and efficient investment and lifecycle cost management.
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IAI &IAI & IFCIFC
International Alliance International Alliance for Interoperabilityfor Interoperabilitysets the standard for sets the standard for objectobject--based data based data exchange and sharing exchange and sharing of virtual buildingsof virtual buildings
internationalindustry-drivencross-disciplineall data for the virtual building model – object oriented paradigm
Industry Foundation Industry Foundation ClassesClassesis the data exchange is the data exchange and sharing standard and sharing standard for building and for building and construction life cycle construction life cycle informationinformation
goes beyond CAD informationinvolves engineering and other applicationsincludes whole life-cycle of buildings
Is ISO certifiedISO/PAS 16739
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IFC ArchitectureIFC Architecture통합모델로서 IFC가 건축전 생애주기 동안 정보의교환 및 공유를 지원건축물 제품정보
형상정보(Geometry+Topology)속성정보
프로세스정보FM정보운영정보작업자정보시간정보비용정보 등
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IFC LifecycleIFC Lifecycle
4DSchedulesLogistics
FunctionaldescriptionFunctionsCalculationsRequirementsConstraints
Knowledge databasesCompanyExternal
Rules and regulationsBldg, H&S, Planning
SimulationComfortAir, heatingLifecycle costsLight and soundInsulationUseFireEnvironm. impactLife expectancy
DescriptionInc cost estimates
SourcingProduct databasesPrice databases
FMRenting, sale and useMaintenanceWarranty
ReuseRefurbishmentDemolitionReconstruction
VRMLVisualisation3D models
BIM softwareArch, Struct, Eng Services, Civil Eng
Source: Janne Aas-Jakobsen modified. Pictures from: Selvaagbygg, DDS, Byggforsk, NBLN University of California, CIFE Stanford, Pythagoras and Oluf Granlund Yo.
출처:IAI, AEC3 (TLC)
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
Integrated BIMIntegrated BIMBIM: Building Information ModelingBIM: Building Information ModelingIntegrated BIM Integrated BIM means improved collaboration, communication and decision support enabled by horizontal and vertical integration of data, and information management in the whole value network throughout the building lifecycle.
출처: © ProIT, M.A.D & Confederation of Finnish Construction Industries RT
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
Goal of Integrated BIMGoal of Integrated BIMDesign- architecture- building services- electrical engineering - structural engineering- urban planning- (others)
Analysis- thermal performance- structural analysis- cost estimation- collision checking- design brief verification- (others)
Construction- cost control- building site planning- work scheduling- progress control (4D)- (others)
Operation and mgmt- facility management- move management- operation and mgmt- reconstruction- (others)
„like DXF is the exchange format for CAD drawings,
IFC is the exchange format for BIM“.
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
BIM Utilization by IFCBIM Utilization by IFC
전기설비
공조설비
환경, LCC, 4D, 5D
CG
FM
의장, 구조, 설비
협업
출처:IAI, AEC3 (TLC)
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
IFC Value Stream BenefitsIFC Value Stream Benefits
- Commissioning- Site Material flow- Safety- Training- Facilities Mgmt.Interference
AvoidanceConstruction &
Installation Documents
4D Construction Sequencing
Material Flow
Procurement(BOM)
As-BuiltVerification
Design/ProcessIntegration
Structural Analysis
Architectural
Structural HVAC
Piping
Electrical
Layout/Process Site work
IFC Value Stream Benefits
출처:IAI, AEC3 (TLC)
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
BIM Utilization BenefitsBIM Utilization Benefits
CURT (Construction User Round Table), IAI-NA Council -National Institute of Building Sciences, buildingSMART Forum Oslo, 2005
PD: Pre-Design
SD: Schematic Design
DD: Design Development
CD: Construction Documentation
PR: Procurement
CA: Construction Administration
OP: Operation
Building Information Modeling
Source: Arto Kiviniemi: VTT, 2008
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
SuccessfulSuccessful IFC IFC Projects(GermanyProjects(Germany))Real with 3D BIM and IFC executed construction projects
high-rise office building factory plantmain train stationdesign of new airportnursing houseunderground station…
Source: Thomas Liebich, AEC3, buildingSMART Forum 2008 , Seoul
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
OBERMEYER(GermanyOBERMEYER(Germany))
First implementation in industry practiceFirst implementation in industry practiceStep by stepStep by step
단기 4341년 7월 1일 49
철도 역사조정을 위한 3D 모델
아우디 공장
3D 빌딩 모델IFC 데이터 교환
하수처리
건축+ HVAC 모델, 시각적인 간섭 체크
국제공항디자인 조정자동 충돌 체크에너지 흐름 계산
Source: Thomas Liebich, AEC3, buildingSMART Forum 2008 , Seoul
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
MAX BMAX BÖÖGL (Germany)GL (Germany)
Design Collaboration and PLM system
IFC compliant Model streamed in ORACLE cBIM Suite
Architecture and Building Services Integration
IFC compliant 3D MEP Modelling and Detailing with Autodesk’s ADT & RoCAD Add-on
Source: Thomas Liebich, AEC3, buildingSMART Forum 2008, Seoul
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
AECOO AECOO Testbed(USATestbed(USA))
RFQ release : 4RFQ release : 4월월 2525일일RFQ/CFP responses due : 5RFQ/CFP responses due : 5월월 2323일일Open Open TestbedTestbed: 7: 7월월 77일일 보스턴보스턴(MIT Campus)(MIT Campus)
Green Buildings
Energy Analysis
Energy Code Compliance Checking
Costing
AECOO Testbed
Source: Francios Grobler, buildingSMART Forum 2008, Seoul
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
COBIE Implementation (USA)COBIE Implementation (USA)Construction Operations Building Information Exchange Construction Operations Building Information Exchange
Overseas Buildings OperationsOverseas Buildings Operations
Corps of EngineersCorps of Engineers
General Services AdministrationGeneral Services Administration
Naval Facilities Engineer CommandNaval Facilities Engineer Command
Department of Veterans AffairsDepartment of Veterans Affairs
National Aeronautics and Space Administration National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA)(NASA)
Source: Francios Grobler, buildingSMART Forum 2008, Seoul
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
COBIE, Business COBIE, Business Process(USAProcess(USA))
Conception & Definition Phases
시방서에서 향후 보증정보를요구하게 될 아이템 파악
Procurement & Execution Phases
주문/배달된 아이템 정보수집.- 보증 담당자- 보증 개시일- 보증 기간- 보증 유효성 지속을 위해요구되는 예방 정비
Utilization & Closure Phases
보증이 지원되는가를 확인하기 위해CMMS 소프트웨어에 직접 수집된정보를 확인COBIE는 시설물의 단계에 따
라 총 잠재적 투자수익을 파악하기 위해 아직 일어나지 않았지만 필수적인 정보의 흐름을설명한다.
COBIE는 시설물의 단계에 따라 총 잠재적 투자수익을 파악하기 위해 아직 일어나지 않았지만 필수적인 정보의 흐름을설명한다.
Source: Francios Grobler, buildingSMART Forum 2008, Seoul
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
COBIE, Work COBIE, Work Order(USAOrder(USA))
COBIEO&M
Analysis
Product Selection
Ordering & Invoicing
모델이 업데이트되면작업지시 종료
Source: Francios Grobler, buildingSMART Forum 2008, Seoul
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
AECO branch problemsAECO branch problems
Very fragmented industryVery fragmented industryFor example, in EU (statistics 2000):
≫ 11 million jobs, 2 million companies≫ 93% of companies less than 10 employees≫ Only 100 companies with more that 2000 employees
Nobody wants to sponsor “common” development≫ Attitude: ”Great idea, tell us when we can start to use it”
No No ““process ownersprocess owners””Systemic innovations = changes affecting several participants are very difficult to implement; who gets the benefits?
Change adverse attitudeChange adverse attitude2D drafting still dominating practiceMoving from manual drafting to CAD took 10 yearsMoving from 2D-CAD to Integrated BIM is more difficultNobody wants to be the “guinea pig”…
Source: Arto Kiviniemi: VTT, 2008
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
Process development is a necessityProcess development is a necessity
ActorsActors
PhasesPhasesTasksTasks
Problems:• process• skills• technology
Problems:• process• skills• technology
출처: ECPIP-project: TKK SimLab and VTT
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
Hype cycle: myths& realitiesHype cycle: myths& realities
Myth: The use of IFCs is not growing; it will wither and die.Reality: Customer interest is growing rapidly although actual use of IFC is limited.Myth: IFC is mature technology.Reality: The specification is extensive and usable, but implementation
suffers from serious quality problems
Trough ofTrough ofDisillusionmentDisillusionment
Slope ofSlope ofEnlightenmentEnlightenment
Plateau ofPlateau ofProductivityProductivity
TimeTime
TechnologyTechnologyTriggerTrigger
Peak ofPeak ofInflatedInflatedExpectationsExpectations
VisibilityVisibility
?
1998
2003
1994
2007
Source: Arto Kiviniemi: VTT, 2008
Source: Arto Kiviniemi: VTT, 2008
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
Current BIM & IFC potential?Current BIM & IFC potential?Robust BIM software exists:Robust BIM software exists:
No reason to postpone use of modelingLearning the new methods and possibilities takes time
Business cases based on IFC exist Business cases based on IFC exist (but with limitations)(but with limitations)::Architectural, structural, HVAC and electrical designDesign integration and checkingEnergy, comfort and lighting simulationLCA and LCC analysisQuantity take-off Cost EstimationSpatial and occupancy management
However:However:The content and quality of data exchange between different applications must be checked before starting to use IFC!The use of IFC and demand of robust software support for IFC exchange is the only way to move into integrated BIM!
Source: Arto Kiviniemi: VTT, 2008
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
Chicken and egg problemChicken and egg problem
장애:이용, 인력, 소프트웨어, 프로세스의 어려움이익이 충분치 않음
장애:충분치 않은 마켓의 요구분야별 소프트웨어
장애:개별 프로젝트, 불명확한 요소큰 규모의 테스트를 위한 적합한소프트웨어가 없음
통합 BIM을 위한 충분한마켓 요구
통합 BIM을 위한 충분한마켓 요구
통합 BIM을 위한 충분한소프트웨어 지원
통합 BIM을 위한 충분한소프트웨어 지원통합 BIM의 측정된 이익통합 BIM의 측정된 이익
이익을증명하라
마켓요구를창출하라
실무 프로젝트 적용을 통해 BIM을 측정하고 이용하라Source: Arto Kiviniemi: VTT, 2008
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
PLM in Construction & PlantPLM in Construction & Plant
Future ModelFuture Model
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
AsAs--IsIs와와 ToTo--Be Be 모델모델
제품 내장형 자기 유지 장치제품 내장형 자기 유지 장치
As-Is
To-Be
개발 생산 사용 폐기
개발 생산
• 제품 생애 비용 감소• 제품 사용 품질 향상• 실시간 상태감시와 제어• 지속가능 환경 구현
사용 / 유지보수
사이브리드모델
재사용
제품수명 주기의중후반부를 강화한
제품생애주기
Source: PLM ERC과제준비기획단, 2008
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
상호유기성상호유기성
사이브리드 모델링사이브리드 모델링
지속가능 제품생애관리지속가능 제품생애관리
제품 내장형 자기유지 장치제품 내장형 자기유지 장치
• 사이브리드 모델 체계• 융합현실 및 생애관리 데이터
모델링
• 스트림 데이터 처리• 무선센서 네트워크 구축
융합현실데이터
사이브리드모델
실시간획득 정보
제어정보
사이브리드 모델스키마
현장 정보피드백
• 능동형 모니터링 및 컨트롤• 예측 유지보수 및 리사이클링
최적화
Source: PLM ERC과제준비기획단, 2008
건축정보연구실 http://italab.khu.ac.kr
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