PMBOK - Edition 5

PMP Exam Prep

Chapter 2Organizational Influences

& Project Life Cycle

Project Management Body of

Knowledge

PMBOK - Edition 5

Chapter 2• What are the three primary project organizational

structures?

• What is the difference in a Weak, Balanced, & Strong Matrix organizations?

• What are the benefits of projectized organizations?

• What are organizational process assets?

PMBOK - Edition 5

Chapter 2• What are enterprise environmental factors?

• What is a stakeholder?

• What are examples of stakeholders?

• What is project governance?

• What is a project life cycle?

• What are project phases?

PMBOK - Edition 5

Chapter 1 Review• What is the difference between a program and a

project?

• What is the role of the PMO?

• What is the role of the project manager?

• What is the difference between a product and a service?

• What is the difference between a project process and a lifecycle?

PMBOK - Edition 5

What are the three primary project organizational structures?

PMBOK - Edition 5

What are the three primary project organizational structures?

• Functional

• Matrixed

• Projectized

PMBOK - Edition 5

What is the difference in a Weak, Balanced, & Strong Matrix organizations?

PMBOK - Edition 5

What is the difference in a Weak, Balanced, & Strong Matrix organizations?

• Authority

• Resource availability

• Who manages?

• Project manager’s time requirement

PMBOK - Edition 5

What is the difference in a Weak, Balanced, & Strong Matrix organizations?

PMBOK - Edition 5

What is an inherent problem with matrix structures?

PMBOK - Edition 5

What is an inherent problem with matrix structures?

PMBOK - Edition 5

Tight Matrix

Colocation

PMBOK - Edition 5

What are the benefits of projectized organizations?

PMBOK - Edition 5

What are the benefits of projectized organizations?

• More focused

• Teams may be colocated

PMBOK - Edition 5

What are organizational process assets?

PMBOK - Edition 5

What are organizational process assets?

• Plans

• Processes and Procedures

• Policies

• Templates

• Life Cycles

• Knowledge Bases

PMBOK - Edition 5

Corporate Knowledge Base• Configuration management knowledge

• Standards • Policies • Procedures • Project documents

• Financial databases • Labor hours • Budgets

PMBOK - Edition 5

Corporate Knowledge Base

• Historical information & lessons learned

• Issue and defect management databases

• Project files from previous projects

PMBOK - Edition 5

What are enterprise environmental factors?

PMBOK - Edition 5

What are enterprise environmental factors?

Conditions not under the control of the project team, that influence, constrain, or direct the project.

PMBOK - Edition 5

Enterprise Environmental Factors

• Culture • Structure and Governance • Government and Industry Standards • Infrastructure • Human Resources • Human Resource Policies • Marketplace Conditions • Stakeholder Risk Tolerances • Political Climate • PMIS

PMBOK - Edition 5

What is a stakeholder?

PMBOK - Edition 5

What is a stakeholder?

• Person

• Group

• Organization

Stakeholder Analysis

Keep Satisfied 1

Close Management 2

Monitor (Watch) 3

Update with Information 4

High Power

High Interest

Low Power

Low Interest

Power / Interest Matrix

PMBOK - Edition 5

Stakeholder Examples• Sponsor

• Project Manager

• Project Team

• 3rd Party Providers

• Customers

• Functional Managers

PMBOK - Edition 5

What is project governance?

• An oversight function

• Provides the PM and team with: • Structure • Processes • Decision-making models and tools

PMBOK - Edition 5

Project Governance Framework

• Project success criteria

• Escalation process

• Communication process

• Decision-making process

• Change management process

• Project life cycles

• Stage gates or phase reviews

PMBOK - Edition 5

Project Teams

Dedicated vs. Part-Time

PMBOK - Edition 5

Virtual Teams

PMBOK - Edition 5

Characteristics of Project Life Cycle

• Starting the project

• Organizing and preparing

• Carrying out the project work

• Closing the project

PMBOK - Edition 5

Characteristics of Project Life Cycle

PMBOK - Edition 5

Project Life Cycles

• Predictive

• Iterative and Incremental

• Adaptive

PMBOK - Edition 5

Predictive Life Cycle• Also known as plan-driven

• Scope, time, and cost are determined early

• Preferred when the product to be delivered is well understood

PMBOK - Edition 5

Iterative Life Cycle• Project phases = iterations

• Develop product through a series of repeated cycles

• A deliverable is completed at the end of each iteration

• Preferred when an organization needs to manage changing objectives and scope or when partial delivery is beneficial

PMBOK - Edition 5

Adaptive Life Cycle• Also known as change-driven or agile

• Also iterative and incremental

• Iterations – 2-4 weeks

• Product backlogs

• Preferred when dealing with rapidly change environment and when requirements are difficult to define early