PREPARED BY

NONAMESCHOOL

1TOHARAH BINTI OMAR SMK TENGKU LELA SEGARA, MARANG

2FADHILAH BINTI ABDUL RAHIM SMK SULTAN SULAIMAN, KUALA TERENGGANU

3HADIJAH BINTI ABDULLAH SMK PADANG KEMUNTING, KUALA TERENGGANU

FOREWORD

Teaching English nowadays gets more and more challenging. In our school syllabus we also have to teach English Literature Component which consists of poems, short stories, plays and novel. The teaching of literature is important because students have a chance to study the language as well as learn new cultures. It also provides the students with many examples of good sentence structures, correct usage of grammar and vocabulary. The teaching of literature would definitely help students to improve their language skills. Therefore, a good introduction to literature can compensate for the deficiencies of the linguistic approach in the area of grammar, vocabulary and syntax and it can augment the students' competence in English.Moreover, literature exposes students to complex themes and exemplary uses of language. Great novels such as The Curse and Around the World in 80 Days can take students to foreign countries, exciting events and wonderful journeys. These stories evoke certain dilemmas and powerful emotional responses which students can reflect.

I strongly believe that using literature to teach students can help them to become more sensitive to some of the overall features of the English Language and enhance their linguistics ability. The aim of this module is to simplify the teaching and learning of the literature components for both the teachers and students. I do hope the module will play a pivotal part in our English Language classrooms.Finally, I would like to thank all English teachers who are involved in the publication of the module. Your excellent contribution is greatly appreciated.

ByEnglish Language UnitAcademic Management SectorTerengganu State Education Department

(Free circulation for educational purposes only)

A Fighters LinesByMarzuki Ali

A Fighters Lines is a beautiful poem written by Marzuki Ali who was born in Terengganu, Malaysia. He has been involved with writing poems since 1960s up till today. He is keen on writing poems pertaining to the wonders of his hometown and the development of its surroundings. Most of them are focused on patriotism. He is actively involved in Malaysian and Indonesian theatre. What is more interesting about him is that many of his poems have been published by Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kuala Lumpur.

A FIGHTERS LINES(by Marzuki Ali)

I am old and wornand have lost all my strengthsufferingsand the history fight for independencehave forced sacrificesthat know no nameor lifefrom the wheelchair of the rest of my daysI, body and energy crushedsee and cannot do muchthese times are too big a challengefor the remnants of my crippled yearsthe net of deceit spread everywheredisturbs meIn the name of justiceWake up and form ranks sons of ourancestorBe braveAnd erect a wall of peopleStand up heirs of our freedomI have no more voiceIt is you now who should speak!

SUMMARY - by Stanza

Stanza 1The persona is old, tired and weak. He was a soldier who fought for independence and freedom. He has sacrificed and suffered a lot for his countrys independence.

Stanza 2The persona is in a wheel chair. Maybe, he was badly wounded and crippled when he fought for independence or he was very sick or ill. Now he is worried about challenges and deceit in his country. That is deceit like cheating and corruption everywhere. However, he can only sit and watch what is going on around him. He cannot fight anymore because he is powerless. Nobody listens to him.

Stanza 3The persona wants the younger generation to be brave and stand up for their freedom. He wants them to unite and fight for justice. He tells them to protect this country from threats and problems like corruption.

Stanza 4The persona says nobody will listen to him because he is old and powerless now. He demands that young people speak up for justice and freedom.

A FIGHTERS LINES(By Marzuki Ali)

Elements of the Poem

MessageAge may crush your ability but not your spirit.Society must be free of corruption.People should be united and fight for justice.SettingPlace : Independent countryTime: Post Independent period

Literature Component Form 3Poetry

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PersonaAn old soldier who has fought for the independence for his country (Possibly the poet himself.)

ThemesPatriotismAn appeal for freedom and justice

Language & StyleFree verseDirect, straightforward languageLiterary devices: imagery, alliteration, metaphor, irony

Moral ValuesPatriotismHonesty

Tone & MoodSerious & thoughtful

ACTIVITY 1READ THE FOLLOWING PASSAGE. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH SUITABLE WORDS.The former soldier sits in his................(1) and recalls the war he fought in. It was a fight for ..............(2) for his country. During the war, he became ..........(3) and crippled. Though crushed in body and..........(4), he feels strongly against the.............(5) he sees around him. This has to put to an.................(6). It can only be done if people join together as a...........(7) force and speak out. They have to work together to bring about ..............(8) in their nation.

ACTIVITY 2ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS1. Who wrote the poem A Fighters lines? .....................................................................................................................2. Which words in the poem tell us the persona is weary and has been around a long time?..........................................................................................................................3. Who is the persona in this poem?............................................................................................................................4. Who is the persona addressing in this poem?.............................................................................................................................5. What has the younger generation inherited from their forefathers?.............................................................................................................................

ACTIVITY 3MATCH THE PHRASES IN COLUMN A WITH THE PHRASES IN COLUMN B

COLUMN ACOLUMN B1. The persona became crippled(a) free from colonial rule

2. To be worn out is to(b) in body and spirit

3. Our nation fought for(c) corruption among the Independence to be nations leaders.

4. The persona feels crushed(d) united and courageous

5. The persona feels helpless(e) overcome it and befor he successful

6. To face a challenge is to be able to (f) feel tired and weak

7. The net of deceit refers to (g) after fighting in the war for Independence

8. To stand up for justice, (h) is old and crippledpeople have to be

ACTIVITY 4

MATCH THE WORDS IN COLUMN A WITH THEIR MEANINGS IN COLUMN B

COLUMN A COLUMN B 1. Crushed(a)broken down in spirit2. Suffering (b)compel 3. Force (c)remains 4. Sacrifice (d)distress 5. Energy (e) cause anxiety6. Disturb (f)forefathers 7. Remnants (g)corruption8. Deceit (h)act of forgoing our own needs or interests9. Erect (i)power 10. Ancestors (j)build

ACTIVITY 5FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT ANSWERS.

1. The poem, The Fighters lines, is written by..............................................

2. The persona had fought for the .............................................of the country and had seen a lot of................................... . He and his friends had made ......................................and lost count of the lives lost in the course of time.3. The persona feels handicapped as he is now ....................................... and worn and is crushed in ........................... and energy.

4. However, he can see the problems which are affecting the country and they are too big of a .................................... for him simply because he is ....................................... and ............................ and cannot do much.

5. The social problem that is currently affecting society is the................................... that is everywhere.

6. The persona wants the youths who are ....................................... of the freedom he and others had fought for to come forward in the name of.........................................

7. The persona says that the youths should be........................................... , willing to ................................ up and be united as a .................................

8. The persona says that the old have no more......................................... or say and it is the ............................ people who should speak out.

ACTIVITY 6WRITE TRUE (T) OR FALSE (F) FOR THE STATEMENTS BELOW

1. The persona is an old man. 2. The persona wants the youth to sacrifice their lives.3. The youth of today do not care for their country.4. The persona is disturbed by the spread of poverty in the country.5. The poem shows us that the old man pass his responsibilitiesto the young. 6. The persona has endured much suffering.7. The word you in the last line of the poem refers to soldiers.8. The main theme of the poem is patriotism.9. The persona is angry with the young people.10. The persona feels that the youths have done enough for their country.

ACTIVITY 7

speak up and make the necessary changesmaintain our freedomdishonest practices spreading throughout the nationtired and lacking in strengthcountrys struggle for independencespend the rest of his days in a wheelchairand his energy depletedhe cannot do anything about itcannot be named or remembered to rally bravely in supportMatch the sentence parts. Then rearrange the sentence in the correct order.

In the name of fairness, the persona calls upon us ________________________________________He feels helpless because, although he can see what is happening around him, _________________He suffered much during his __________________________________________________________The persona is so weak that he has to ___________________________________________________The persona is a fighter who is old and __________________________________________________The persona has done his part and he wants us to stand up and act to _________________________His sacrifices are beyond description and ________________________________________________It is now the younger generation who should _____________________________________________His body is damaged _______________________________________________________________For the rest of his crippled life, the persona can only worry about the _________________________

ACTIVITY 8Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the box.

energychallengeswheelchairyoungdisturbedfightbravelyresponsibilityindependencedisorder

A Fighters Lines is a call of patriotism for young people to speak up. The persona is a fighter who has struggled for the (1)_______________ of the country and is now old and disabled. He is wheelchair bound and he feels tired physically and crushed spiritually. He has suffered much in the (2) _______________ for independence. Now, he looks sadly at his country that has won independence and is (3) ___________________ by what he sees. There is much (4) ____________________ that he sees in the country and he feels pained. He feels that he cannot do anything about it because he does not have the (5) ___________. Life for him is only from his (6) _____________________, and therefore he appeales to the young people to wake up and do something.The present times are hard times. The (7) _____________________ are big and the persona can do nothing, trapped as he is in the wheel chair. The (8) ____________________ people are enjoying freedom only because people like the persona sacrificed their lives for the country. Therefore it is the duty of the young heirs of freedom to fight (9) __________________ and to form a united wall of people. It is their (10) _____________________ to speak for the people. The baton has to be passed on to the next generation.

ACTIVITY 9Match the words in Column A with their synonyms in column B and identify the location of the words in the poem. The first one has been done for you.Column AColumn B

1ChallengeAFairness

2DeceitBSelf-government

3RemnantsCDifficulty (line 11)

4Crippled DForefathers

5JusticeEWhat is given up

6IndependenceFDishonesty

7SacrificesGDisabled

8ancestorsHWhat is left behind

ACTIVITY 10Read the poem and answer the questions.1. Why has the persona lost his strength?2. Why do his sacrifices have no name?3. Where is he going to spend the rest of his days?4. What disturb the persona a great deal?5. What are the two things he asks the young people to do?6. What are the two phrases he uses to address the young people?7. What is the main theme of this poem?8. How can the people form a wall?9. What special quality must these people have?10. How do you feel after reading this poem?Answer Key

Activity 11. wheelchair2. independence3. disabled4. soul/spirit5. corruption6. end7. task8. justice

Activity 21. Marzuki Ali2. Old and worn3. He is probably a veteran soldier who has fought for Independence4. He is addressing the younger generation5. They have inherited their Independence from their forefathers

Activity 31. b2. f3. a4. g5. h6. e7. c8. d

Activity 41. d2. a3. b4. h5. i6. e7. c8. g9. j10. f

Activity 51. Marzuki Ali2. independence, sufferings, sacrifices3. old, spirit/soul4. challenge, old, crippled5. corruption6. force, justice7. brave/courageous, speak8. voice, young

Activity 61. T2. F3. F4. F5. T6. T7. F8. T9. F10. F

Activity 71. ... to rally bravely in support.2. ... he cannot do anything about it.3. ... countrys struggle for independence.4. ... spends the rest of his days in a wheelchair.5. ... tired and lacking in strength.6. ... maintain our freedom.7. ... cannot be named or remembered.8. ... speak up and make the necessary changes.9. ... and his energy depleted10. ... dishonest practices spreading throughout the nation.

The sequence of the poem 8, 6, 2, 4, 1, 9, 3, 10, 5, 7

Activity 81. independence2. fight3. disturbed4. disorder5. energy6. wheelchair7. challenges8. young9. bravely10. responsibility

Activity 91. C line 112. F line 133. H line 124. G line 125. A line 156. B line 47. E line 58. D line 16

Activity 101. He is old and worn out.2. They are many and cannot be named easily.3. He will be stucked in his wheelchair.4. He is bothered by the dishonesty he sees around him.5. He wants them to wake up and form a wall of people.6. sons of our ancestors and heirs of freedom.7. People should be honest and good citizens. They should love their country and work for its success.8. They must unite to form that wall.9. They must be brave.10. I think the poem is good and suits the present times well. I like the poem.

LEISURE by William Henry Davies

What is this life if, full of care,We have no time to stand and stare.No time to stand beneath the boughsAnd stare as long as sheep or cows.No time to see, when woods we pass,Where squirrels hide their nuts in grass.No time to see, in broad daylight,Streams full of stars, like stars at night.No time to turn at Beautys glance,And watch her feet how they can dance.No time to wait till her mouth canEnrich that smile her eyes began.A poor life this if, full of care,We have no time to stand and stare.

POETS BACKGROUND

William Henry Davies was born in Newport, Monmouthshire,Wales. After finishing school at the age of 15, he became an apprentice to a local picture-frame maker. After his apprenticeship, he travelled to America, to New York and then to Klondike. He returned to England after losing a foot whilst jumping a train in Canada. Upon his return in Britain he led a poor life, hard life living in London lodging houses. He married Emma in 1923. His first poems were published when he was 34. His poems highlight natures beauty based and his observations on the hardships in life. He wrote two novels and autobiographical works. His best known novel is Autobiography of a Super-Tramp. He died in 1940.

CoupletDescription

1What type of life do we have if we do not have the time to just relax and do not take time to appreciate the things going on around us.

2We should take the time to stand under a tree and do nothing just like sheep and cows which graze in the fields. They are just standing and staring at their surroundings.

3Take the time to look around when we pass woods full of trees. Look at the squirrels as they scurry around hiding their nuts in their nuts in the grass.

4The river or streams glimmer and shimmer in the sunlight like stars at night. We will notice this only if we take the time to watch the rivers or streams.

5We have no time to appreciate the beauty of nature and the people that is around us. If we look carefully, we can see how this natural beauty dances in the winds and under the sun or a beautiful dancer dancing gracefully.

6Take the time to enjoy the smile of another person or the beauty of nature. Watch how the smile starts from the eyes and spreads gradually to the mouth.

7We have a poor life if we really have no time to relax mentally or physically.

SUMMARY OF THE POEM

The poem Leisure is about the need to find time for leisure in order to live a fulfilling life. The persona highlights the busy lives of Man today which doesnt give them much time to relax and enjoy nature. The persona wants the reader to imagine what life would be if we dont even have time to enjoy the simple things in life, like watching wildlife, observing streams sparkling in the sunlight and admiring the stars twinkling at night. The persona emphasizes again that a life without leisure is a sad life.

ELEMENTS OF LEISURE

Setting -The time setting is present, any time of the day. -The place is in a park, a garden, a field or in the Countryside.

Persona -The persona is a young person. -The persona uses the first person we. -The persona is a person who seems too burdened with study or work. -The persona is also likely to be someone who has gone through life and can now reflect upon it.

Themes -People today are too busy to appreciate nature. -Todays life is bogged down with work and worries. -Having a balance of work and play in life. -The need to balance our activities in life. -The need to take time to enjoy life. -The need to find time for rest or relax and put leisure time to good use.

Moral Values We should lead a balanced life. We should spend time appreciating nature. We need to take advantage of our free time to live a better lifestyle We should use leisure time creatively to strengthen aour minds and hearts. We should take note of the beautiful things around us. Do not be- blind to simple pleasures in life and you will be rich mentally and spiritually. Appreciate people, animals and things however small and simple. Everything we see, touch and hear make our life beautiful.

PersonificationBeautys glance- personified as a woman who can dance and has a wide smile.

ENRICHMENT EXERCISES

Task 1

Fill in the blanks with words from the box to understand the poem.

StudyLeisureTimeUnhurriedly

HideshiningcattleUnhappiness

The poem is about a persona who is overburdened with work or (1)________The persona has come to realize that he will have to take a break from all his responsibilities and find time for (2)___________He realizes that (3)________________________ must be given for enjoying activities or interests that need to be done (4)______________.He gives examples of how he has been so pressed for time that he has had no time to just do nothing like the (5)_________________. He also has passed by woods quickly without stopping to see the squirrels (6)________________ their nuts. One other thing he has no time for is the night view of stars (7)_______When seasons comehe has no time to neither enjoy them nor realize when they change.The persona resigns to the fact that life will be full of worries and (8)_________________ because he does not have any time to relax and enjoy life.

Task 2

Say if these statements about the persona are True (T) or False (F)

1. He has a lot of work to do.()1. He has not had time to relax.()1. He wants to live in the woods.()1. He is always in a hurry.()1. He has not enjoyed watching stars.()1. He realizes that he needs leisure time.()

Task 3Match the words in the box to their meanings as used in the poem.

LeisureCareStateBeneath

GlanceenrichPoorDaylight

1. The time where you do not have to work; spare time______________

1. Something that makes you worried or unhappy.______________

1. To look at somebody or something for a long time.______________1. Under.______________

1. A quick look.______________

1. To improve the quality of something.______________

1. Of low quality or a bad position______________

1. During the day; when it is easy to see.______________

Task 4

The poem is written in couplets with words that rhyme at the end of each line. List these words.

Stanza 1:___________________________________,___________________________

Stanza 2:___________________________________,___________________________

Stanza 3:__________________________________,____________________________

Stanza 4:__________________________________, ____________________________

Stanza 5:__________________________________,____________________________

Stanza 6:__________________________________,____________________________

Stanza 7:__________________________________,____________________________

Task 5

Tick the values that are related to the good quality of life as suggested in the poem.

1. Preoccupied with work()1. Keeping busy()1. Managing time well()1. Moderation()1. Worrying about things()1. Admiring nature()1. Taking time to relax()1. Unhappiness with life()

Task 6Choose the best answer.

1.What do cows and sheep do in the field?AGraze the grassBMow the grassC Pick up litterDStand and sleep

2.Which of the following animals are considered dairy animals?ACows BSheepCChickenDSquirrel

3.Streams are full of stars because of theAreflection of sunlightBripples in the waterCheavy rainfallDlightning

4.According to the poem, Beauty can do the following exceptAsmileBdanceCglanceDscream

5.The last line in the poem means weAhave no time to relaxBHave not set aside for workCcannot stand on our own two feetDshould look around carefully before we relax

6.The main theme in the poem Leisure isAwork hardBPerseverance in workCRelaxation is a part of lifeDTake it easy for good health.

Task 7Answer all questions

1. What is the main idea in the first stanza?_______________________________________________________________

1. What point is the persona making when he mentions about sheep and cows?_______________________________________________________________

1. What do the streams look like under the hot sun?_______________________________________________________________

1. What are the two themes of the poem?_______________________________________________________________

1. What are the messages of the poem?_______________________________________________________________

1. Give reasons why we should take time to appreciate the beauty of nature?_______________________________________________________________

1. What is the significance of the poem in our life?_______________________________________________________________

1. What is Nature personified as?_______________________________________________________________

PMR PRACTICE

Exercise1

1. What emotion is the persona expressing in the poem?

_____________________________________________________

1. In the last line, the persona uses the words not time to stand and stare. What two actions of people is he referring to when he says this?

(a)______________________________________________________________________

(b)______________________________________________________________________

Exercise 2

1. What does the persona means he says What is this life, full of care?________________________________________________________________

1. What two things does the persona suggest we should do?(a)_______________________________________________________________

(b)_______________________________________________________________

Exercise 3

1. What is the poets message in the poem?

_______________________________________________________________________

1. Based on the poem, state what these lines mean?

1. streams full of stars

_______________________________________________________________________

1. And stare as long as sheep or cows.

_______________________________________________________________________

Exercise 4

1. According to the persona, what kind of life do we lead today?

_____________________________________________________________

1. How is Beauty personified?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 5

1.What does the phrase full of care mean?

_____________________________________________________________________

b. How long does the persona think we should stare at trees?

______________________________________________________________________

2.What does the persona emphasize in the poem?

________________________________ __________________________________

Exercise 6

1.a. What can we expect to see when we pass by the woods?

________________________________________________________________________

b.Why are the streams full of stars during the day?

________________________________________________________________________

2.According to the persona, what would make life worthless?

________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 7

1 a. What does the line No Time to turn at Beautys glance mean?

b How does the persona describe a life without leisure?

2 How does the persona view nature?

Exercise 81 a. State one example of how nature is personified in the poem.

b What does stand and stare represent?

2 How does the persona view nature?

Exercise 91 a. What does no time to stand and stare tell you about todays pace of life?

b. What do verses 5 and 6 to tell us about Mans attitude towards natures beauty?

c. What does the persona suggest we do for leisure?

ANSWERS

Task 1: 1.study2.leisure3.time 4.unhurriedly 5.cattle 6.hide 7.shining 8.unhappiness

Task 2:1.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.T

Task 3: 1.leisure 2.care 3.stare 4.beneath 5.glance 6.enrich 7.poor 8.daylight

Task 4: Stanza 1: care, stare Stanza 2:boughs, cows Stanza 3:pass,grass Stanza 4:daylight, night Stanza 5: glance,dance Stanza 6:can , beganStanza 7: care,stare

Task5managing time well, moderation, admiring nature, taking time to relax.Task 61.A2.A3.B4.D5.A6.C

Task 7

1. We are so engrossed in our everyday worries that we do not have time for leisure.2. These animals live in a simple world unlike ours.3. They look a sky full of stars.4. lack of recreational activities in life.a. -Beauty of nature5. We should lead a balanced life and we should spend time appreciating nature.6. We can see squirrels hiding their nuts in trees and glimmer in the streams and stare at the beauty of nature.7. We are reminded that life is not about working all the time and we should have time to relax and enjoy the beauty of nature.8. A beautiful woman.

Answers:

Exercise 11. Regret/Disappointment1. (a) People being too busy to relax(b) People not appreciating the nature.

Exercise2 1. He means that our lives are full of worries and problems.1. (a)Learn to relax more.(b)Learn to appreciate the beauty of nature.

Exercise 31. That we should relax more.1. (a)Sunlight being reflected in the streams.(b)Relax like common animals? Not worry too much.

(REFERENCE:PELANGI TOP GEAR ENGLISH FORM 3-MATHILDA XAVIER)

Exercise 41. We lead a life full of care and worry.1. Beauty is personified as having feet that dance and mouth and eyes that smile.

(REFERENCE:ILMU BAKTI-Modulpentaksiranpmr 2012)

Ex 5:1a.lot of responsibilities1b.as long as sheep and cows2.The need for a balance between work and play.Ex 61.a.squirrels hiding their nuts in the grass1b. Due to the reflection of the sunlight2.not having time to relaxEx 71a.No time to appreciate the beauty of nature1b A poor life2 The persona views nature as a source of relaxationEx81a.Nature is likened as a woman dancing in grace1b The simple things in life2 concerned

Ex91a.Hectic1b They are ignorant towards the beauty of nature2 Observe nature/ the simple things in life.

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