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UNIT 1. EVERYTHING HAS A NAME (NOUN)TEACHERS NOTES

WHAT IS A NOUN?

A noun is a word used to name a person, place, object or animal.

Concrete Nouns

a) A COMMON NOUN is a name given to every person, place, object or animal of the samekind or group. Examples: A notebook, textbook, exercise book and picture book are all books.

b) A PROPER NOUN is the name of a particular person, place, object, animal, day, or month.Examples: Abdullah, Putrajaya, Readers Digest Word Power Dictionary, Comel, Tuesday

c) GENDER is the name of a common noun that tells us whether it is male, female, common or neuter. Examples as per below:

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ht tp : / / eng l i sh- tu tor.yo las i te .com

TYPES OF NOUNS

Concrete Abstract Countable and Uncountable

Common Proper Gender

GENDER Masculine Feminine Common Neuter

Definition: Nouns that referto the male

Nouns that referto the female

Nouns that canbe both male orfemale

Nouns that donot have agender or sex

Examples: king, police-man, actor,

prince, tiger

queen, police-woman, actress, princess, tigress

doctor, child, parent,

neighbour

table, room, school, tree

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Abstract Nouns

An ABSTRACT NOUN is used to describe something that cannot be seen or touched. It is usedto describe qualities, states and events or actions. Basically, ABSTRACT NOUNS are ideas:

a) to describe quality of things and of character. Examples: long (adjective) length (abstract noun)

What is the length of that string? It is 10 centimeters long. kind (adjective) kindness (abstract noun)

The boy is kind. The old lady gave the boy a present for his kindness.

b) to describe state of mind, situation or idea

Examples: angry (adjective) anger (abstract noun)He was angry with his brother. His anger was so great that he broke themirror.

die (verb) death (abstract noun)Tims dog just died. Its death depressed him for a month.

know (verb) knowledge (abstract noun)Doctor Ali knows a lot about cancer. His knowledge made him famous.

c) to describe action or eventExamples: arrive (verb) arrival (abstract noun)

The minister will arrive in Penang tomorrow. There will be a small ceremony at

the airport to welcome his arrival.

DICTATION 1CrocodilesCrocodiles are the largest living reptiles. They can grow up to 8 metres long and

weigh over 400 kilogrammes. The crocodiles natural prey are fish and wildanimals. It does not attack humans unless it is disturbed or has no more food.

In Sarawak, the Iban tribe performs a ceremony called Miring to make peacewith the crocodile so that the reptiles do not attack the residents of longhouses.

DICTATION 2The ClinicThe clinic is crowded. There are many babies, children and women inside. There

are not enough chairs for them to sit. It is a very hot day. There is only one fanand one window in the room. One woman takes out a big towel from her bag. Shewipes the sweat on her forehead. The doctors and nurses are very busy. They aretrying their best to examine the patients and to do their work quickly.

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Countable Nouns1. COUNTABLE NOUNS refer to people, people, places, objects or animals that can be

counted in numbers. There are Countable Singular and Countable Plural Nouns. 2. A COUNTABLE SINGULAR NOUN denotes one person, place, object or animal. 3. A COUNTABLE PLURAL NOUN denotes more than one.

Spelling Plural Nouns Add s to regular words

Examples: girlgirls, bookbooks, tabletables, teacherteachers Add es to words ending with -s, -sh, -ch or -x

Examples: busbuses, classclasses, brushbrushes, branchbranches, boxboxes For special words ending with -o, add -es

Examples: potatopotatoes, cargocargoes, tomatotomatoes, heroheroes Add s to

- words ending with two vowels, e.g. radioradios, zoozoos- shortened words, e.g. kilo (kilogrammes)kilos

Add s to words ending with a vowel and yExamples: boyboys, daydays

Change y into ies if the word ends with a consonant and y

Examples: ladyladies, storystories For some words, change the inside vowel(s) of the singular noun or the spelling

Examples: manmen, footfeet For some words, add ren/-en to the singular noun

Examples: childchildren, oxoxen

Uncountable Nouns1. UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS refer to objects that cannot be counted in numbers. These nouns

cannot take the plural form. Examples: water, oil, hair, rice, bread, flour

2. However, UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS can be made into countable nouns by adding aquantifier (something to help measure the object). Examples: watera glass of water, breada slice of bread

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UNIT 1. EVERYTHING HAS A NAME (NOUN)Exercise 1

Underline the proper nouns in the sentence below.

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1. Kuala Lumpur is the capital of Malaysia.2. There are many tea plantations in Cameron Highlands.3. I like two characters in the short story The Pencil. They are Encik Berahim and Zahid.4. The last month of the year is December.5. The official residence of the Prime Minister of Malaysia is in Putrajaya.6. I have a pet hamster called Snowy.

Exercise 2Dictation Listen to the passage on crocodiles, then write the short passage. Make sure that the spellingand punctuation is correct.

Exercise 3 Identify the different types of nouns in the passage on crocodiles. Write the words in therespective columns in the table. Underline the words in the passage as you fill in the table.

Common Nouns (11 answers):

Proper Nouns (3 answers):

Abstract Nouns (2 answers):

Exercise 4 Read the sentences below and underline the abstract nouns . There is only one in each sentence.

1. We must always speak the truth. 7. My weight is 42 kilogrammes.2. The soldiers were rewarded for their bravery. 8. The elephant has great strength.3. The doctors advice is to drink plenty of water.4. Happiness is when on does well in everything.

5. The brightness of the light hurts my eyes.6. Michelle Yeohs fame has not made her a proud person.

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Underline the correct word in brackets.

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1. That (woman, women) standing there is my aunt.2. The tiger is a fierce (animal, animals).3. Only a few (ladys, ladies) signed up for the sewing class.4. Those (player, players) are from the national squad.5. All the (child, children) are tired and hungry.6. We took many (photo, photos) during our trip to Langkawi Island.7. Father bought two (ticket, tickets) for the charity show.8. There is a (buffalo, buffaloes) in the paddy field.

Exercise 6Dictation Listen to the passage about a clinic, then write the short passage. Make sure that the spellingand punctuation is correct.

Exercise 7 Identify the different types of nouns in the passage about the clinic. Write the words in the

respective columns in the table. Underline the words in the passage as you fill in the table.

Countable Nouns (16 words):

Uncountable Nouns (2 words):

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Complete the dialogue between the shopkeeper and Puan Haslinda with the phrasal quantifiersgiven below.

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box bottle bunch cans tin packet loaf cup

Shopkeeper : Good morning, Puan Haslinda. What can I get you today?

Puan Haslinda : Good morning, Pak Karim. Please get me a (1) ___________ of curry powder anda (2) ___________ of cooking oil.

Shopkeeper : I have new stocks of coffee powder. I think you will enjoy a (3) ___________ of freshly brewed coffee after dinner.

Puan Haslinda : I need to make dessert. Please give me a (4) ___________ of evaporated milk.The children like soft drinks. Id like to have six (5) ___________ of orangeflavoured drinks. Is this (6) ___________ of bananas for sale?

Shopkeeper : Yes, they are from my orchard.

Puan Haslinda : I also want a (7) ___________ of bread, for I dont have time to cook lunchfor the children. Ill make some sandwiches for them. Oh yes! One more item. Ineed a (8) ___________ of matches to light the stove.

Exercise 9 Choose the best word from the options given to fill in each blank in the passage.

1. A Christian B Christians C Christ 2. A pray B prays C prayers

3. A presentation B present C presents 4. A tree B trees C tents

Every year, on 25th December, Christians all over the world celebrate Christmas. On thisday, (1) ___________ go to church for special (2) ___________. Another tradition is togive (3) ___________ to, and receive them from friends and relatives.

Before Christmas day, families put up Christmas (4) ___________ in their houses.Family members often decorate the trees with different coloured (5) ___________ and

figurines.

(6) ___________ often hang up stockings in their bedrooms for Santa Claus to putpresents in them. Santa Claus is a fat (7) ___________ with a white (8) ___________

dressed in a red suit. He carries a (9) ___________ full of presents which he gives awayto children everywhere. He is always known for his (10) ___________.

5. A bulb B bulbs C bugs 6. A Child B A childs C Children

7. A man B men C mans 8. A bread B beard C beads

9. A sack B sacks C sacked 10. A general B generous C generosity

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UNIT 1. EVERYTHING HAS A NAME (NOUN)ANSWER KEY Exercise 1

Underline the proper nouns in the sentence below.

1a


1. Kuala Lumpur is the capital of Malaysia.2. There are many tea plantations in Cameron Highlands.3. I like two characters in the short story The Pencil. They are Encik Berahim and Zahid.4. The last month of the year is December.5. The official residence of the Prime Minister of Malaysia is in Putrajaya.6. I have a pet hamster called Snowy.

Exercise 2Dictation Listen to the passage on crocodiles, then write the short passage. Make sure that the spellingand punctuation is correct.

Crocodiles are the largest living reptiles. They can grow up to 8 metres long and

weigh over 400 kilogrammes. The crocodiles natural prey are fish and wild

animals. It does not attack humans unless it is disturbed or has no more food.

In Sarawak, the Iban tribe performs a ceremony called Miring to make peace

with the crocodile so that the reptiles do not attack the residents of longhouses.

Exercise 3 Identify the different types of nouns in the passage on crocodiles. Write the words in therespective columns in the table. Underline the words in the passage as you fill in the table.

Common Nouns (11 answers): crocodiles, reptiles, metres, kilogrammes, prey, fish, animals,

Proper Nouns (3 answers): Sarawak, Iban tribe, Miring

Abstract Nouns (2 answers): ceremony, peace

humans, food, residents, longhouses

Exercise 4 Read the sentences below and underline the abstract nouns . There is only one in each sentence.

1. We must always speak the truth. 7. My weight is 42 kilogrammes.2. The soldiers were rewarded for their bravery. 8. The elephant has great strength.3. The doctors advice is to drink plenty of water.4. Happiness is when on does well in everything.

5. The brightness of the light hurts my eyes.6. Michelle Yeohs fame has not made her a proud person.

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Underline the correct word in brackets.

2a


1. That (woman, women) standing there is my aunt.2. The tiger is a fierce (animal, animals).3. Only a few (ladys, ladies) signed up for the sewing class.4. Those (player, players) are from the national squad.5. All the (child, children) are tired and hungry.6. We took many (photo, photos) during our trip to Langkawi Island.7. Father bought two (ticket, tickets) for the charity show.8. There is a (buffalo, buffaloes) in the paddy field.

Exercise 6Dictation Listen to the passage about the clinic, then write the short passage. Make sure that the spellingand punctuation is correct.

The clinic is crowded. There are many babies, children and women inside. There

are not enough chairs for them to sit. It is a very hot day. There is only one fan

and one window in the room. One woman takes out a big towel from her bag. She

wipes the sweat on her forehead. The doctors and nurses are very busy. They are

trying their best to examine the patients and to do their work quickly.

Exercise 7 Identify the different types of nouns in the passage about the clinic. Write the words in the

respective columns in the table. Underline the words in the passage as you fill in the table.

Countable Nouns (16 words): clinic, babies, children, women, chairs, day, fan, window, room,

woman, towel, bag, forehead, doctors, nurses, patients

Uncountable Nouns (2 words): sweat, work

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Complete the dialogue between the shopkeeper and Puan Haslinda with the phrasal quantifiersgiven below.

3a


box bottle bunch cans tin packet loaf cup

Shopkeeper : Good morning, Puan Haslinda. What can I get you today?

Puan Haslinda : Good morning, Pak Karim. Please get me a (1) packet of curry powder and a (2)bottle of cooking oil.

Shopkeeper : I have new stocks of coffee powder. I think you will enjoy a (3) cup of freshlybrewed coffee after dinner.

Puan Haslinda : I need to make dessert. Please give me a (4) tin of evaporated milk. The childrenlike soft drinks. Id like to have six (5) cans/bottles of orange flavoured drinks.Is this (6) bunch of bananas for sale?

Shopkeeper : Yes, they are from my orchard.

Puan Haslinda : I also want a (7) loaf of bread, for I dont have time to cook lunch for thechildren. Ill make some sandwiches for them. Oh yes! One more item. I need a(8) box of matches to light the stove.

Exercise 9 Choose the best word from the options given to fill in each blank in the passage.

1. A Christian B Christians C Christ 2. A pray B prays C prayers

3. A presentation B present C presents 4. A tree B trees C tents

Every year, on 25th December, Christians all over the world celebrate Christmas. On thisday, (1) Christians go to church for special (2) prayers. Another tradition is to give (3)presents to, and receive them from friends and relatives.

Before Christmas day, families put up Christmas (4) trees in their houses. Family

members often decorate the trees with different coloured (5) bulbs and figurines.(6) Children often hang up stockings in their bedrooms for Santa Claus to put presents in

them. Santa Claus is a fat (7) man with a white (8) beard dressed in a red suit. He carries a(9) sack full of presents which he gives away to children everywhere. He is always known for

his (10) generosity.

5. A bulb B bulbs C bugs 6. A Child B A childs C Children 7. A man B men C mans 8. A bread B beard C beads

9. A sack B sacks C sacked 10. A general B generous C generosity

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PMR1 G U1