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7/25/2019 Poitiers Challenge to Innovate
1/17
The challenge for European universities to innovate
Governance and adaptation to innovative modes of higher
education provision (GAIHE); Peer Learning
cole Suprieure de lducation Nationale, de
lEnseignement Suprieur et de la Recherche,Poitiers, January 25, 2016
Jo Ritzen
7/25/2019 Poitiers Challenge to Innovate
2/17
Challenges for universities world-wide
Add value to the competencies of the
youngsters who are enrolled.
Balance research excellency with teaching
excellency.
Focus incentives in the university organization
on long term achievements and stimulate
innovation in universities.
7/25/2019 Poitiers Challenge to Innovate
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PIAAC Competencies
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Content
Universities matter for economic growth.
In particular the competencies of the graduates driveeconomic growth.
Then it would be smart to make universitiesaccountable for value added in competencies.
Ensuring equity.
The organization and funding of universities matter for
adding value in competencies. Are politics sufficiently well organized to innovate?
Summary: touchstones ballad.
7/25/2019 Poitiers Challenge to Innovate
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Universities matter for economic
growth
Role of knowledge for economic growth used
to focus on research and research
productivity.
Governments in several countries (e.g.
the UK and the Netherlands) promoted what
would become known as the triple helix:
university-industry-government cooperation
7/25/2019 Poitiers Challenge to Innovate
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In particular the competencies of the
graduates drive economic growth.
Differences in economic growth for the
period 1960- 2000 between countries are
explained by competencies (not by education
achieved).
Overschooling may exist, but notovercompetent as competencies find their
productive outlet.
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What competencies count for
innovation and growth?
Cognitive achievement and knowledge of the field inproblem solving mode.
How to work in teams, how to communicate.
Intercultural understanding. Behavioral skills or personality traits: Openness,
Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness andEmotional Stability.
Economic traits, like impatience, risk aversion, trust,altruism and positive and negative reciprocity.
A good understanding of ICT.
7/25/2019 Poitiers Challenge to Innovate
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Then it would be smart to make
universities accountable for value
added in competencies.
November 2015 UK Government Now that
we are asking young people to meet more of
the costs of their degrees once they are
earning, we in turn must do more than ever to
ensure they can make well-informed choices,
and that the time and money they invest inhigher education is well spent
7/25/2019 Poitiers Challenge to Innovate
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Then it would be smart to make
universities accountable for value
added in competencies. No knowledge without measurement
AHELO: general skills: US Collegiate Learning
Assessment (CLA); economics and engineering:well-developed new instruments.
Overall students who participated in the focusgroups saw the assessments as having content
relevant to their coursework and being in aformat that was new and challenging (OECD,AHELO, p.128).
7/25/2019 Poitiers Challenge to Innovate
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Value added in competencies seems
related to research productivity
(country level)
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Rep.
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Lux.
Malta
Netherl.
Poland
Portugal
RomaniaSlovakia
Slovenia
Spain
SwedenUK
Iceland Norway
Switz.
Turkey
0
5
10
15
20
60 70 80 90 100
Employer satisfaction
F i i i h i i
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Focus incentives in the university
organization on long term
achievements. Innovation implies serious ex ante expenditures
Innovation takes serious human costs (retraining,
re-organization, organizational stress) Ensure that the incentives are present
the leadership can make these costs.
Ensure sufficient funding so that universities caninvest in innovation.
i i i h i i
7/25/2019 Poitiers Challenge to Innovate
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Focus incentives in the university
organization on long term
achievements. Universities deliver more competent
graduates and higher quality research if they
are more autonomous provided theyare well- funded
Managerial autonomy is important for
research attractiveness and researchproductivity. Policy autonomy translates intorelatively high education performance.
F i i i h i i
7/25/2019 Poitiers Challenge to Innovate
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Focus incentives in the university
organization on long term
achievements
Austria
Belgium
Czech Rep.
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Ireland
Italy
Netherl.
Poland
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
UK
Norway
290
300
310
320
330
10 20 30 40 50 60
Public expenditure
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Are politics sufficiently well organized
to deliver the frameworks for the right
organization and funding?
In politics sometimes the long run turns out to
have exceedingly short legs. Is it feasible to have ministers of education
drawn from the outside?
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Politics ties itself to the mast to ensure
the long run
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Summary
Research universities in Europe are too muchfocused on research, while universities arefirst and foremost about educationand the
competencies built in universities graduates. Universities need to innovate to do better in
delivering competencies.
Innovation requires a supportive environment,incentives for leadership and sufficientfunding.
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Thank you!