Policies and Measures to Policies and Measures to Address Climate Change in Address Climate Change in

KoreaKorea

Shin Boo-nam

Deputy Director-GeneralMOFAT, KOREA

Shin Boo-nam

Deputy Director-GeneralMOFAT, KOREA

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ContentsContents ContentsContents

I.I. Korea’s Unique Energy SituationKorea’s Unique Energy Situation

II. Government Response to Climate Change Mitigation

II-1II-1 Energy Conservation MeasuresEnergy Conservation Measures

II-2II-2 Energy Supply MeasuresEnergy Supply Measures

III.III. Energy Demand and GHG Projection to 2020Energy Demand and GHG Projection to 2020

IV.IV. The Way ForwardThe Way Forward

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I. Korea’s Unique Energy I. Korea’s Unique Energy SituationSituationI. Korea’s Unique Energy I. Korea’s Unique Energy SituationSituation

four-decades-long transformation from predominant agricultural economy into export-oriented industrial economy

energy sector responsible for more than 80% of the GHG emissions

10-fold increase in Korea’s primary energy consumption during the last three decades, reaching 215 million TOE in 2003

total gross emissions of GHG : 154.7 million TCE in 2002

Annex II and Korea

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1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999

GDPEnergyGDP- KEnergy- K

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Established Inter-Ministerial Committee on the Framework Convention on Climate Change (1998)

Chaired by the Prime Minister

Comprised of competent Ministries, national research institutions, and industries

Adopted ‘The Third Comprehensive National Action Plan for the Framework Convention on Climate Change’ (effective from 2005 to 2007)

Financial funds amounting to 20 billion dollars, including 8 billion dollars from private sector, being earmarked for the Plan

II. Government Response II. Government Response to Climate Change to Climate Change MitigationMitigation

II. Government Response II. Government Response to Climate Change to Climate Change MitigationMitigation

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II-1. Energy Conservation II-1. Energy Conservation Measures Measures II-1. Energy Conservation II-1. Energy Conservation Measures Measures

Voluntary AgreementParticipation of more than 1,000 factories, with 58% of industrial energy use in 2003

Demand Side Management (DSM) ProgramPromotes efficient utilization of energy through a rebate system for high-efficient electricity appliances

Fuel-efficiency Rating and Labeling ProgramEncourages car manufacturers to produce more fuel-efficient vehicles

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Promotion of Mass Transit SystemIntegration of the subway and bus lines, along with expansion of bus-only lanes in metropolitan areas proved quite successful

Energy Efficiency Rating and Labeling ProgramsAdopted for various household appliances

(eg. refrigerators, air conditioners, clothes washers, incandescent bulbs, fluorescent lamps)

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II-2. Energy Supply II-2. Energy Supply MeasuresMeasuresII-2. Energy Supply II-2. Energy Supply MeasuresMeasures

Power Sector MeasureExpansion of nuclear and natural gas in the power sector regarded as important option in Korea

Promotion of Combined Heat and Power (CHP)Provides heat and power to more than 500 factories in

21 industrial complexes over the country

Low Carbon Energy System: the role of renewableTarget being set to raise the share of new and renewable

energy in total primary energy consumption to 5% by 2011 from current 2.3%

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III. Energy Demand and III. Energy Demand and GHG Projection to 2020 GHG Projection to 2020III. Energy Demand and III. Energy Demand and GHG Projection to 2020 GHG Projection to 2020

Korea’s energy demand and resultant CO2 emissions projected to increase through 2020

Total primary energy demand and the resultant carbon dioxide emissions projected to increase at an average annual increase of 2.8 percent and 2.3 percent respectively between 2002 and 2020

Table 1 - Indicators on Primary Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions from Energy Sector

2002 2010 2020 ’02 - ’20Primary energy(million TOE)

209 269 340 2.8%

Per Capita energy use(TOE/Person)

4.4 5.4 6.7 2.4%

CO2 Emissions

(Mil TC)128 162 193 2.3%

Per Capita CO2

(TC)2.7 3.3 3.8 2.0%

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Main drivers behind increasing energy demand and resultant CO2 emissions

GDP growth

increasing ownership of vehicle and household appliances

growing number of household

☞ However, the demand for primary energy expected to grow

more slowly than GDP through 2020, due to notable factors such as downward trend of energy-intensive manufacturing

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IV. The Way ForwardIV. The Way ForwardIV. The Way ForwardIV. The Way Forward

Korea projected to witness growing energy demand in the coming decades.

World’s toughest challenge : meeting the future energy demand and reducing GHG emissions while not impeding economic development

Development of more efficient technology emerging as a long-term viable option for meeting the world’s challenge.

Annex I parties have significant role by spearheading

technological assistance In accordance with the principle of CBDR and the specific circumstances

of each country as stipulated in UNFCCC

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Thank you!!Thank you!!Thank you!!Thank you!!