POLICY ISSUES IN POLICY ISSUES IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND HOUSING AND HOUSING INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE

Current statusCurrent status Ongoing activitiesOngoing activities ChallengesChallenges Government StrategyGovernment Strategy

SECTOR INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTION AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT

Human SettlementDivision

LAND ADMINISTRATION

DEPARTMENT

URBAN DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT

CONSTRUCTION @ PUBLIC SERVICES

DEPARTMENT

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Housing FinanceDivisionLand Ownership

Division

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CURRENT STATUS, FUTURE PRESPECTIVE AND CHALLENGES IN THE REGIONAL AND

URBAN DEVELOPMENT

HSD

• Current status

• Ongoing activities

• Challenges

• Government strategy

CURRENT POLICIES ON REGIONAL CURRENT POLICIES ON REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

The regional development concept has been The regional development concept has been brought to the Government policy level and brought to the Government policy level and the basic legal documents have been the basic legal documents have been approved to support regions’ development:approved to support regions’ development:

Main development axis of the country’s development Main development axis of the country’s development – Millennium Road and 5 infrastructure development – Millennium Road and 5 infrastructure development axis for the regions - 2001 axis for the regions - 2001

Regional Development Concept of Mongolia-2001 Regional Development Concept of Mongolia-2001 8 Pillar centers for each region have been identified-8 Pillar centers for each region have been identified-

20032003 Master plans of Pillar centers have approved-2005Master plans of Pillar centers have approved-2005 Mid-term Regional Development Strategy-2003 Mid-term Regional Development Strategy-2003 The Law of Mongolia on Regionalized Development The Law of Mongolia on Regionalized Development

Management and Coordination -2003 Management and Coordination -2003

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ECONOMIC REGIONSECONOMIC REGIONS

MONGOLIA

KHANGAI

REGION

CENTRAL

REGION

EASTERN

REGION

WESTERN

REGION

UN

DO

RK

HA

AN

CH

OIB

ALS

AN

DA

RK

HA

N

ZU

UN

MO

D

KH

AR

KH

OR

IN

ER

DEN

ET

KH

OV

D

ULIA

STA

I

ULAAN-BAATAR REGION

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The major cities established during The major cities established during the evolution of the modern urban the evolution of the modern urban

developmentdevelopmentIn these cities the In these cities the

urbanization urbanization process is process is intensive, intensive, construction and construction and population population densities are high;densities are high;

Industries and Industries and services are well services are well developed;developed;

Social services are Social services are adequate;adequate;

Physical Physical infrastructure is infrastructure is relatively well relatively well developed.developed.

NAMENAME Population Population (‘000) as (‘000) as of end of of end of

20042004

Share in Share in the the

country’s country’s populatiopopulatio

nn

Ulaanbaatar-the Ulaanbaatar-the Capital cityCapital city

915.5915.5 36.536.5

Erdenet – Copper Erdenet – Copper Mine TownMine Town

80.880.8 3.223.22

Darkhan – Darkhan – Industrial CenterIndustrial Center

74.374.3 2.92.9

Choibalsan – Choibalsan – Center of Dornod Center of Dornod ProvinceProvince

40.640.6 1.61.6

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Regional Pillar CentersRegional Pillar Centers

In these cities the In these cities the concentration of the concentration of the population is relatively population is relatively high; high;

Industries, services, Industries, services, and adequate social and adequate social services and services and infrastructure facilities infrastructure facilities are developed.are developed.

NameName Polula-Polula-tiontion

%%

ErdenetErdenet 80.880.8 3.223.22

DarkhanDarkhan 74.374.3 2.962.96

ChoibalsanChoibalsan 40.640.6 1.621.62

KhovdKhovd 32.332.3 1.281.28

UndorkhaanUndorkhaan 16.916.9 0.670.67

UliastaiUliastai 15.615.6 0.620.62

ZuunmodZuunmod 14.514.5 0.580.58

KharkhorinKharkhorin 13.513.5 0.540.54Home page

STATUS AND FUNCTIONS STATUS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE PILLAR CENTERSOF THE PILLAR CENTERS

The pillar center is the “State city or town with The pillar center is the “State city or town with infrastructure facilities that are appropriately infrastructure facilities that are appropriately located for connecting the region with located for connecting the region with international and domestic markets”international and domestic markets”..

The regional pillar center shall be the The regional pillar center shall be the administrative, industrial, business, administrative, industrial, business, scientific, whole sale, service, tourism scientific, whole sale, service, tourism center of the Region and social service center of the Region and social service center for its population.center for its population.

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Regions, Pillar Centers, Vertical and Horizontal Regions, Pillar Centers, Vertical and Horizontal Infrastructure Axis, Adequate Service Coverage Infrastructure Axis, Adequate Service Coverage

AreaArea

Capital city

Regional CenterProvincial Center

Vertical axis within regions

Millenium road

Regional border

DENSELY POPULATED AREA

ADEQUATE SERVICE COVERAGE ADEQUATE SERVICE COVERAGE AREA OF THE VERTICAL AXISAREA OF THE VERTICAL AXIS

Tsagaannuur

Yarant

Burgastai

Shiveehuren

Zamyn-Uud

Bichigt

Arshaant

EreentsavAltanbulag

KhankhBorshoo

ChoibalsanULAANBAATAR

Khar Khorin

UliastaiKhovd

TesUlyhan

Зураг 5

Undurkhaan

ERDENET

Zuunmod

DARKHAN

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Master Plans for Pillar Master Plans for Pillar CentersCenters

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The Master Plans for the The Master Plans for the development of regional pillar development of regional pillar centers – Khovd, Uliastai, centers – Khovd, Uliastai, Kharkhorin, Erdenet, Zuunmod, Kharkhorin, Erdenet, Zuunmod, Darkhan, Choibalsan, Darkhan, Choibalsan, Undorkhaan till 2020 have been Undorkhaan till 2020 have been developed and are currently at developed and are currently at the stage of approval by the the stage of approval by the Government. Government.

WHAT THE MASTER PLANS HAVE WHAT THE MASTER PLANS HAVE IDENTIFIEDIDENTIFIED

Economic development of the country and Economic development of the country and the regionsthe regions

Role and functions of the pillar centers for Role and functions of the pillar centers for human settlement trendhuman settlement trend

Future perspective of the urban Future perspective of the urban development, including infrastructure development, including infrastructure developmentdevelopment

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Challenges Encountering Challenges Encountering Pillar CentersPillar Centers

Priority issues need to be addressed Priority issues need to be addressed are the rehabilitation of the waste are the rehabilitation of the waste water treatment plants in Zuunmod, water treatment plants in Zuunmod, Erdenet, upgrading heating supply Erdenet, upgrading heating supply in Khovd, increasing water supply in in Khovd, increasing water supply in Uliastai, constructing flood Uliastai, constructing flood protection in Undorkhaan, and protection in Undorkhaan, and constructing inner-city roads in constructing inner-city roads in Kharkhorin and Choibalsan. Kharkhorin and Choibalsan.

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Estimated Initial Investment Needs for the Estimated Initial Investment Needs for the Pillar Centers Pillar Centers (mln. USD)(mln. USD)

Cities Roads Flood protec-tion

Heating Water supply

and sewerag

e

Electri-city

Communi-cation and Information system

Total

KHOVD 22.2 1.66 2.4 1.15 0.4 5.22 33.03

ULIASTAI 0.38 0.08 0.33 2.32 0.08 1.88 5.07

KHARKHORIN

1.18 0.75 1.66 1.02 1.1 2.07 7.78

ERDENET 0.59 1.43 0.93 1.3 1.12 0.98 6.35

ZUUNMOD 2.33 0.18 0.94 0.36 0.28 4.09

DARKHAN 1.75 12.5 7.04 0.97 0.29 22.55

CHOIBALSAN 2800 0.1 2500 0.3 0.75 0.22 5301.37

UNDORKHAAN

0.77 0.1 0.12 0.84 0.04 0.58 2.45

TOTAL 2829.2 168.0 2512.48 8.84 4.14 11.23 5382.69

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PROVINCIAL CENTERSPROVINCIAL CENTERS Despite pillar centers there are other 14 Despite pillar centers there are other 14

provincial towns. provincial towns. Average population of provincial towns – Average population of provincial towns –

10,000-25,00010,000-25,000 In total there are 280,000 thousand people In total there are 280,000 thousand people

are residing in the Provincial Centers making are residing in the Provincial Centers making up 11.1% of the country’s total population.up 11.1% of the country’s total population.

In the Provincial towns urbanization trend is In the Provincial towns urbanization trend is not intensive, industries, services and social not intensive, industries, services and social safety and infrastructure network are poorly safety and infrastructure network are poorly developed, construction density is low.developed, construction density is low.

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Challenges for Urban Challenges for Urban Development Development

Human capacity:Human capacity:- Lack of urban planning specialists;Lack of urban planning specialists;- Professional skills of the available urban Professional skills of the available urban

planners are poor, they are not trained for planners are poor, they are not trained for bottom-up approach in urban planning;bottom-up approach in urban planning;

- Due attention is not given to the urban Due attention is not given to the urban planning at both community and planning at both community and Government levels.Government levels.

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Challenges for Urban Challenges for Urban Development Development (Continued)(Continued)

Land managementLand management• Land ownership preceded the planning Land ownership preceded the planning

process, causing informal settlement process, causing informal settlement and unplanned constructionand unplanned construction

• Land Management Master Plans are Land Management Master Plans are lagging behind of Urban Development lagging behind of Urban Development Master Plans.Master Plans.

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Challenges for Urban Challenges for Urban Development Development (Continued)(Continued)

Economic issuesEconomic issues• Uncoordinated activities between the Uncoordinated activities between the

financial and construction sectorsfinancial and construction sectors• Economic efficiency assessment approach Economic efficiency assessment approach

currently being used is outdated currently being used is outdated • Lack of advanced economic management Lack of advanced economic management

method results in inefficient or poor quality method results in inefficient or poor quality of constructionsof constructions

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Challenges for Urban Challenges for Urban Development Development (Continued)(Continued) Environment and ecologyEnvironment and ecology

Air pollution due to smoke generated by Air pollution due to smoke generated by the increasingly expanded ger areas is the increasingly expanded ger areas is becoming pressing issue.becoming pressing issue.

Urban green plantation area per person is Urban green plantation area per person is 5-6 times lower than that of international 5-6 times lower than that of international standard, while the land plots for standard, while the land plots for development purposes are being awarded development purposes are being awarded destroying existing green areasdestroying existing green areas

Due to lack of poor living standard of the Due to lack of poor living standard of the population and protection of forests and population and protection of forests and river basins and the in the vicinity of urban river basins and the in the vicinity of urban areas they are being badly destroyedareas they are being badly destroyed

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Ways to address the Ways to address the challengeschallenges

1.1. Urban governanceUrban governance Bottom-up approach with high Bottom-up approach with high

professional participation is needed in the professional participation is needed in the sectorsector..

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Ways to address the challengesWays to address the challenges(continued)(continued)

2. Improving urban planning efforts and 2. Improving urban planning efforts and strengthening capacitiesstrengthening capacities Consider in the Cities’ Master Plans the Consider in the Cities’ Master Plans the

current rapid socio-economic changes, current rapid socio-economic changes, Advance methodology and standards of urban Advance methodology and standards of urban

planning to an international level and launch planning to an international level and launch reform of the urban planning system; reform of the urban planning system;

Intensify training and re-training of the urban Intensify training and re-training of the urban planners and urban development specialists;planners and urban development specialists;

Develop cooperation with the international Develop cooperation with the international professional agenciesprofessional agencies

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Ways to address the Ways to address the challengeschallenges(continued)(continued)

Land and Urban DevelopmentLand and Urban Development Create an unified database on construction, urban Create an unified database on construction, urban

planning, land management, land ownership, planning, land management, land ownership, possession, utilization and assessment, and possession, utilization and assessment, and immovable property; create opportunities for citizens immovable property; create opportunities for citizens to gain bureaucracy-free access to that information to gain bureaucracy-free access to that information they are entitled to; they are entitled to;

Improve coordination between the land ownership in Improve coordination between the land ownership in urban areas and urban planning;urban areas and urban planning;

Identify urban development zoning in coordination Identify urban development zoning in coordination with land management.with land management.

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Ways to address the Ways to address the challengeschallenges(continued)(continued) Economy and UrbanizationEconomy and Urbanization

Conduct administrative reforms and Conduct administrative reforms and investment policies in accordance with investment policies in accordance with population density, infrastructure and public population density, infrastructure and public service concentration;service concentration;

Improve coordination between financial Improve coordination between financial and construction sectorsand construction sectors

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Ways to address the Ways to address the challengeschallenges(continued)(continued)

Environment and EcologyEnvironment and Ecology Re-plan the ger areas,Re-plan the ger areas, connect connect

them to engineering network and them to engineering network and introduce sophisticated introduce sophisticated technology in heat supply and technology in heat supply and waste water treatment; waste water treatment;

Develop management for Develop management for protection of river basins and protection of river basins and places of natural beauty;places of natural beauty;

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Expected resultsExpected results

Addressing the above issues in a Addressing the above issues in a coordinated manner will allow to coordinated manner will allow to develop economically sustainable develop economically sustainable and environmentally friendly modern and environmentally friendly modern urban areas with a aim to provide urban areas with a aim to provide normal living and working conditions normal living and working conditions for the citizens, efficient international for the citizens, efficient international and domestic connections and and domestic connections and maximum community participation. maximum community participation.

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Thank you for your Thank you for your attention attention

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