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Pollination 101
Minnesota Landscape ArboretumBee & Pollinator Discovery Center
Minnesota Landscape ArboretumBee & Pollinator Discovery Center
Pollination 101
Pollination 101
Minnesota Landscape ArboretumBee & Pollinator Discovery Center
20,000 and Counting/Diverse Bees
Minnesota Landscape ArboretumBee & Pollinator Discovery Center
Diverse Bees
Minnesota Landscape ArboretumBee & Pollinator Discovery Center
Flowers For Food and More
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The wild bees buzzing on flowers in your garden might be doing a number of things. Both male and female bees sip surgery nectar for energy. Only female bees gather pollen for themselves and their brood. They also collect flower resins and oils for nest building. The byproduct of all this dining frenzy is pollination, and the seeds that form, for our world’s flowering plants. Pollen is a plant protein, perfect for growing bees.
Female bees stock their nests with pollen balls that feed larvae as they grow from egg to adult.
Male bees have no nest to go home to. Look for them sleeping curled up in flowers or with their jaws clamped onto leaves.
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The wild bees buzzing on flowers in your garden might be doing a number of things. Both male and female bees sip surgery nectar for energy. Only female bees gather pollen for themselves and their brood. They also collect flower resins and oils for nest building. The byproduct of all this dining renzy is pollination, and the seeds that orm, for our world’s flowering plants. Pollen is a plant protein, perfect for growing bees.
Female bees stock their nests with pollen balls that feed larvae as they grow from egg to adult.
Male bees have no nest to go home to. Look for them sleeping curled up in flowers or with their jaws clamped onto leaves.
Flowers For Food and More
Champion Pollen Movers/Pollen Lift
Minnesota Landscape ArboretumBee & Pollinator Discovery Center
Wild Bee Real Estate
Minnesota Landscape ArboretumBee & Pollinator Discovery Center
Wild Bee Real Estate Details
Minnesota Landscape ArboretumBee & Pollinator Discovery Center
For a Bee-Friendly YardMany bee species are declining. Some are listed as threatened or endangered. Habitat loss is a prime cause, but together we can tip the balance for wild bees. Here’s how your own yard can play a part.
Keep the Flowers Coming� Plant for overlapping blooms from early spring into fall.� Plant for plentiful pollen and nectar.� Feature native shrubs and wildflowers.� Hold the pesticides.
Make Room for Nests� Keep a patch of bare ground, without mulch or plants.� Leave a twelve-inch stubble when you trim perennials after winter.� Start a ‘no-rake’ corner with a boulder, fallen leaves or old logs.� Provide stem bundles for nesting, and replace every two years
Photo credit: Courtesy Heather Holm Photo credit: Courtesy Heather HolmPhoto credit: Courtesy Heather Holm Photo credit: Courtesy Heather HolmPhoto credit: TBD
Sometimes things don’t go as planned . . .
Loners by LifestyleWhether they nest above or below ground, most wild bee species are solitary. A female bee spends her short adult life provisioning a nursery with pollen. She lays an egg on each pollen ball and seals her nest. The young are left to hatch, grow and emerge on their own a year later.
Bumblebees live in colonies that last a single season. The queen may choose an abandoned mouse hole, leaf pile or empty birdhouse. Her nest is built of wax pots holding nectar, pollen or growing larvae.
Photo credit: Courtesy Elaine EvansPhoto credit: Courtesy Dennis L. Briggs Courtesy Robbin Thorp
Above Ground LivingThe other third of Minnesota’s bees nest in cavities. Some chew into soft, rotting logs. Others find abandoned holes in dead trees. Still others use the hollow broken stems of last year’s wildflowers.
Below Ground NurseriesOver two-thirds of Minnesota’s bee species nest in the soil. Unlike wasps, they’re unlikely to sting. Some are even stingless. A female bee takes several days to dig her underground burrow, which can reach as deep as two feet!
Monitor
Reading Rail
Peak Intos
Flip Graphicbottom
Flip Graphic
If a cuckoo bee sneaks into another bee’s nest and lays her egg, the cuckoo larva has both a pollen loaf and the other unlucky larva to munch on.
Photo credit: Courtesy Heather Holm
Flip Graphic Top Peek Into Six:Bumblebee Nest
Photo credit:Courtesy Elaine EvansPhoto caption:Bumblebee nest
Photo credit:Courtesy Joel Gardner
Photo caption:Carpenter bee nest
Peek Into Five:Carpenter cross-section
Peek Into Four:Carpenter bee in stem
Photo credit:Courtesy Colleen SatyshurPhoto caption:Carpenter bee
Peek Into Three:Leafcutter in rock
Photo credit:Courtesy Heather HolmPhoto caption:Leafcutter bee
Peek Into Two:Ground Nester/Bee Poking Out
Photo credit: TBDPhoto caption:Mining bee
Peek Into One:Ground Nester/Tunnel
Illustration caption:Mining bee nest
Wood Tone For Example Purposes Only Final Colors TBD
Honey Bees
Minnesota Landscape ArboretumBee & Pollinator Discovery Center
Honey Bees
Minnesota Landscape ArboretumBee & Pollinator Discovery Center
A queen is the mother of all workers, drones and future queens in a colony.
Lifespan: About 2-3 yearsJob: Lay eggs, as many as 1,500 daily
How many?Female worker bees run the hive. They raise the next generation, find and process food and other supplies.
Lifespan: About 6 weeksJob: Almost everything!
How many?Drones are male honeybees. A drone that mates with a queen in open air dies immediately. By fall, the workers evict any remaining drones.
How many?
Lifespan: About 8 weeksJob: Mate with Queen
Honeybee
As many as 60,000* honeybees live in a single hive. And each kind of bee has a special role to play.
Hive
Two compound eyes with over 6,000 lenses that see a different color range than we do
Antennae to smell, taste, check flight speed, monitor temperature and humidity
Four wings that beat 250 times per second,to fly forward, backward and sideways
Two hind legs with baskets of stiff hairs, to carry pollen back to the hive
Two front legs to clean antennae
Two middle legsthat brush pollen into pollen baskets
Honey stomachfor carrying nectar home
Two compound eyes with over 6,000 lenses that see a different color range than we do
Antennae to smell, taste, check flight speed, monitor temperature and humidity
Four wings that beat 250 times per second,to fly forward, backward and sideways
Two hind legs with baskets of stiff hairs, to carry pollen back to the hive
Two front legs to clean antennae
Two middle legsthat brush pollen into pollen baskets
Honey stomachfor carrying nectar home
Fold-out tongueto suck up liquid nectar,honey and water
The Incredible
The queen is an egg-laying machine, with little time for more. Worker bees run the hive, and their task list is long.
Workers build and repair the wax combs, tend to the queen, feed growing bees, guard the entrance, and more. Outside, they collect nectar, pollen, water, and resin from trees.
Worker Bee
Life Path
House Bee Days 1–18
Field TrainingDays 18-21
Field BeeDays 21–42
Any time off ?Even with so much to do, workers spend more time resting than working—as long as their colony isn’t under stress. When challenges hit, they ramp up to work harder (and die younger) to help the hive recover.
of a Worker Bee
How many? How many?
Honey Bees
Minnesota Landscape ArboretumBee & Pollinator Discovery Center
Hiveon the InsideIt’s pitch black inside a hive. None of the bees can see. Yet its 50,000 residents constantly share reports on conditions inside and outside. This steady news? feed guides how each bee contributes to colony needs.
Whole BodyConversationsHoney bees buzz bodies, touch antennae, rub legs, and lick and smell each other to communicate. Much of the sharing is by chemical pheromones passed through the hive: guard bees (“Alarm!”), the queen (“I’m alive and well”), young brood (“Feed me!”)
The overall mix of messages creates a colony status report.
Style Sheet
Minnesota Landscape ArboretumBee & Pollinator Discovery Center
PaletteRich Brown
UsageMain Titles, copy, and direct print graphics
48%71%76%63%
cmyk
Golden HoneyUsageSecondary Titles, accents
cmyk
5%25%95%
0%
Tan BaseUsageBase color for readingrails, and all non-woodpop-offs
cmyk
14%14%21%
0%
Materials Natural Warm Tones
Photography Big Images/Simple arrangements
Typography
Top Title layer: Gill Sans MT Bold
Copy color combinations
Bottom Title layer: Gill Sans MT Regular
Titles& Copy
Body Copy: Garamond 45% Title Scale
Plants & Pollinators
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The wild bees buzzing on flowers in your garden might be doing a number of things. Both male and female bees sip surgery nectar for energy. Only female bees gather pollen for themselves and their brood. They also collect flower resins and oils for nest building. The byproduct of all this dining renzy is pollination, and the seeds that orm, for our world’s flowering plants. Pollen is a plant protein, perfect for growing bees.
Female bees stock their nests with pollen balls that feed larvae as they grow from egg to adult.
Male bees have no nest to go home to. Look for them sleeping curled up in flowers or with their jaws clamped onto leaves.
Flowers For Food and More
The Incredible
The queen is an egg-laying machine, with little time for more. Worker bees run the hive, and their task list is long.
Workers build and repair the wax combs, tend to the queen, feed growing bees, guard the entrance, and more. Outside, they collect nectar, pollen, water, and resin from trees.
Worker BeeHiveon the InsideIt’s pitch black inside a hive. None of the bees can see. Yet its 50,000 residents constantly share reports on conditions inside and outside. This steady news? feed guides how each bee contributes to colony needs.
Sometimes Things Don’t Go as Planned . . .
Slat WallLightly treated
Direct PrintPrinted Wood
Water MarkedPrinted Reading Rail
Warm WoodDark Warm Stain