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Poly(vinyl alcohol) / Cellulose Barrier Films Shweta Paralikar John Simonsen Wood Science & Engineering Oregon State University John Lombardi Ventana Research Corp.

Poly(vinyl alcohol) / Cellulose Barrier Films

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Poly(vinyl alcohol) / Cellulose Barrier Films. Shweta Paralikar John Simonsen Wood Science & Engineering Oregon State University John Lombardi Ventana Research Corp. OUTLINE. Introduction Materials Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements. Introduction. Barrier Films? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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  • Poly(vinyl alcohol) / Cellulose Barrier FilmsShweta Paralikar John SimonsenWood Science & EngineeringOregon State UniversityJohn LombardiVentana Research Corp.

  • OUTLINE

    Introduction

    Materials

    Results and Discussion

    Conclusions

    Acknowledgements

  • Introduction Barrier Films?

    Designed to reduce/retard gas migration

    Widely used in the food and biomedical industries

    Another application is as a barrier to toxic chemicals

  • Chemical Vapor Barrier To prevent the diffusion of toxic chemical vapors, while allowing water vapor to pass through

    Hydrophilic barriers to protect from hydrophobic toxins

    Should be tough and flexible

    Useful in protective clothing

  • Materials Poly(vinyl alcohol) = PVOH

    Nontoxic, good barrier for oxygen, aroma, oil and solvents Prepared by partial or complete hydrolysis of poly(vinyl acetate)

    Structure:

  • PVOH Water Stability

    PVOH films have poor resistance to water

    Crosslinking agent reduces water sorption and the crosslinks also act as a barrier to diffusion

  • Poly(acrylic acid)-PAA

    Poly(acrylic acid) PAA:

  • Crosslinking reactionSource: Sanli, O., et al. Journal of applied polymer science, 91( 2003) Heat treatment forms ester linkages

  • Cellulose Nanocrystals-(CNXLs)CNXLs were prepared by acid hydrolysis of cellulose obtained from cottonCrystalline regionsAmorphous regionAcid hydrolysisIndividual nanocrystalsIndividual cellulose polymerNative cellulose

  • Proposed structurePVOHPAA

  • ObjectivesPrepare chemical barrier films with PVOH/ PAA/ CNXL system

    To understand the chemistry and physics of this system

    Select optimum time and temperature for heat treatment

    Find combination which allows moisture to pass through but restricts diffusion of toxic chemical vapors

    Surface modify CNXLs to improve interaction with matrix

  • MethodsFilm Preparation

    Testing methodsWater solubility - Optimize heat treatmentFourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy - Bond analysisPolarized Optical Microscopy - DispersionWater Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR)Universal Testing Machine - Mechanical propertiesDifferential Thermogravimetric Analysis - Thermal degradationChemical Vapor Transmission Rate (CVTR)

  • Preparation of the Blends5 wt % solution of PVOH and PAA1 wt % solution of dispersed CNXLs in DI waterRemaining composition of the film consists of PVOH

  • Film Preparation

    Compositions were mixed, sonicated and then air dried for 40 hours

    The thickness of the film was controlled by the concentration (%solids) of the dispersion before drying

  • Heat treatment optimization

    Evaluate via water solubility test At 125 C/1 hr films were completely soluble in water after a dayAt 185 C/1hr color of the films changed to brownAt 150 C and 170 C/45 min films were clear and had good water resistance

  • % Solubility =Lower = BetterTotal % Solubility after 72 hours of soaking time

  • Fourier Transform Infrared SpectroscopyPVOHPAAAbsorbanceRed: Heat treated film Blue: Non heat treated film

    Absorbance

    1500 cm-1

    2500 cm-1

    3500 cm-1

  • FTIR of 10% CNXL/10% PAA/80% PVOHWavenumbers (cm-1)AbsorbanceRed: Heat treated film Blue: Non heat treated film

  • Polarized Optical MicroscopyDispersion of CNXLsa) 5% CNXL/ 10%PAA b) 10% CNXL/ 10% PAA c) 15% CNXL/ 10% PAA

  • Water Permeability Water Vapor Transmission Rate

    Test were conducted at 30C and 30% relative humidity

    D

  • WVTR

    Chart1

    33.18453570190.65347319570.6534731957

    21.38169381750.52693328680.5269332868

    12.69711707420.79209441860.7920944186

    9.80029155870.15813767560.1581376756

    11.82078008710.36795373990.3679537399

    18.17283291290.77521295570.7752129557

    15.12102237550.3503925610.350392561

    10.39149975320.49500681740.4950068174

    12.97466301480.71238951710.7123895171

    Composition

    Flux g/m2 day

    Sheet1

    gm/mmhr

    170

    FilmAreawt loss/hrgm/mt^2*hrgm/mt^2*hrgm/mt^2*hrgm/mt^2*daystddev

    100 PVOH100 PVOH875.910.1090.029066666733.184535701934.1432.89796.4288568460.6534731957100PVOH

    10PAA/0CNXL0CNXL/10PAA760.77540.0610.016266666721.381693817522.01620.97513.16065161940.526933286810%cncc/90pvoh

    0PAA/10CNXL10CNXL/0PAA588.060.0280.007466666712.697117074211.89211.113304.73080978130.792094418615%cncc/85pvoh

    10PAA/10CNXL10CNXL/10PAA799.97620.02940.007849.80029155879.5919.901235.20699740820.158137675620%cncc/80pvoh

    10PAA/20CNXL20CNXL/10PAA789.570.0350.009333333311.820780087111.28611.9912283.69872208920.3679537399

    20PAA/0CNXL0CNXL/20PAA719.0220.0490.013066666718.172832912918.37219.604436.14798990850.7752129557

    0PAA/20CNXL20CNXL/0PAA864.13910.0490.013066666715.121022375514.94315.619362.90453701260.350392561

    20PAA/10CNXL10CNXL/20PAA769.860.030.00810.39149975329.89210.882249.39599407680.4950068174

    20PAA/20CNXL20CNXL/20PAA842.6680.0410.010933333312.974663014811.56112.114311.39191235460.7123895171

    15CNXL/0PAA835.910.040.010666666712.760544396712.2112.09306.25306552140.3575679238

    15CNXL/10PAA840.10.0320.008533333310.1575209310.219.93243.78050232120.1488398616

    gm/mt^2*hrstddev

    100PVOH84033.1834.1432.890.6542425646

    10%C.CNXL/0%PAA84012.1112.0111.590.2759226945

    15%C.CNXL/0%PAA84011.7811.9411.620.16

    20%C.CNXL/0%PAA84014.2314.9814.050.4932544982

    10%C.CNXL/10%PAA8409.359.599.820.2350177298

    15%C.CNXL/10%PAA8409.139.319.610.2424871131

    20%C.CNXL/10%PAA84010.2310.3110.590.1890326251

    100PVOH10%CNXL/0%PAA15%CNXL/0%PAA20%CNXL/0%PAA10%CNXL/10%PAA15%CNXL/10%PAA20%CNXL/10%PAA

    C.CNXL33.1812.1111.7814.239.359.1310.23

    0.650.790.3570.350.1580.1480.367

    CNXL33.1812.6912.7615.129.810.1511.82

    0.650.270.160.490.2350.2420.189

    0,20268.666250.0930.00350943413.0624295469

    0,10268.666250.1380.005207547219.3829599729

    10,20268.666250.05730.00216226428.0481420757

    20,0268.666250.08820.003328301912.3882396348

    20,20268.666250.08080.003049056611.3488635203

    10,0268.666250.08950.003377358512.570832736

    Sheet1

    0.650.650.650.65

    0.270.270.790.79

    0.160.160.3570.357

    0.490.490.350.35

    0.2350.2350.1580.158

    0.2420.2420.1480.148

    0.1890.1890.3670.367

    C.CNXL

    CNXL

    Composition

    Flux

    Sheet2

    116.960.5200.60.0250.025

    116.96116.460.8530.50.6688524590.0278688525

    116.96115.610.58210.66285714290.0276190476

    116.96115.031.27

    116.96113.76113.76

    Sheet3

  • Mechanical tensile testing

    27 micron thick films were cut into a dogbone shape

    Strain rate: 1 mm/min

    Span: 20 mm Stress, MPa

    Chart30

    0.3317734

    1.1124172

    3.1616068

    5.503538

    7.3380506

    8.0015978

    7.8649852

    7.4551474

    7.435631

    7.5332118

    7.5136954

    7.7088566

    7.7674044

    7.5136954

    7.8259532

    7.8845014

    7.825953

    8.0406302

    8.2943392

    8.2162748

    8.3528874

    8.6261128

    8.7041772

    8.5675646

    8.9188542

    9.094499

    9.0944994

    9.270144

    9.309176

    9.484821

    9.504337

    9.484821

    9.543369

    9.8556266

    10.0898194

    10.0703036

    9.9922394

    10.245948

    10.5777224

    10.753367

    10.8899794

    10.8899796

    11.2022368

    11.1241722

    11.5144948

    11.3459464545

    11.3725593636

    11.425785

    11.5233653636

    11.2927209091

    11.4523979091

    11.2838496364

    11.1064307273

    11.0532049091

    10.7338505455

    10.4144961818

    10.3257871818

    10.3790127273

    10.2282068182

    10.0774003636

    9.917723

    9.8378844545

    9.5894980909

    9.5628854545

    9.4919177273

    9.3854660909

    9.1370797273

    9.0661120909

    8.9241767273

    8.8265962727

    8.6314354545

    8.6048224545

    8.6225643636

    8.2233715455

    8.3919196364

    7.9040173636

    7.620147

    7.2298251818

    7.0878897273

    6.8040192727

    6.71531

    6.4580525455

    6.208557

    Strain, mm/mm

    Stress vs Strain Curve

    sintech data1names

    AAAnumberNCCPAA

    11520

    c21520

    c31510

    c41520

    c51010

    c61020

    c7520

    c8020

    c9010

    10020

    11520

    AAA#11

    11520

    2010

    3510

    41010

    51510

    62010

    700

    850

    9100

    10150

    11100

    12200

    sintech data1format

    EXTENSION (mm)"LOAD (N)

    -0.0188240.390266

    -0.0188240.682966

    -0.0162840

    -0.0086640.487833

    -0.0035840.682966

    0.0065761.073232

    0.0116561.463498

    0.0218161.658631

    0.0268962.048897

    0.0370561.951331

    0.0446762.439164

    0.0522963.512396

    0.0624564.292928

    0.0700764.097795

    0.0802365.561293

    0.0878565.658859

    0.0954766.049126

    0.1005566.829658

    0.1107166.536958

    0.1157967.122358

    0.1259567.219924

    0.1310368.098023

    0.1411967.90289

    0.1488168.585856

    0.1589768.390723

    0.1665969.171255

    0.1767569.268822

    0.1843769.756655

    0.1919969.268822

    0.2021569.659088

    0.2097769.561521

    0.2173969.659088

    0.2224769.659088

    0.2300969.854221

    0.24025610.14692

    0.24787610.049354

    0.2529569.756655

    0.26311610.14692

    0.2707369.756655

    0.2808969.659088

    0.28851610.244487

    0.29613610.244487

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    0.3215369.756655

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    0.3951969.756655

    0.40535610.14692

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    3.18157610.634753

    3.19173610.829886

    3.19681610.342054

    3.20697610.73232

    3.21459610.829886

    3.22475610.73232

    3.23237610.634753

    3.23999610.927454

    3.25015610.537187

    3.25523610.537187

    3.26539611.122586

    3.27301610.73232

    3.27809610.537187

    3.28825610.73232

    3.29587610.342054

    3.30349610.829886

    3.31365610.634753

    3.32127610.342054

    3.32889610.439621

    3.33651610.14692

    3.34667610.829886

    3.35429610.537187

    3.36191611.02502

    3.37207610.244487

    3.37969610.634753

    3.38731610.829886

    3.39493610.439621

    3.40255610.439621

    3.41271610.73232

    3.42033610.73232

    3.4279569.854221

    3.43557610.439621

    3.4431969.951788

    3.45081610.73232

    3.46097610.049354

    3.46859610.342054

    3.47875610.049354

    3.48383610.73232

    3.49653610.634753

    3.50161610.439621

    3.50923610.14692

    3.51939610.049354

    3.5244769.659088

    3.53209610.342054

    3.54225610.14692

    3.54987610.244487

    3.55749610.537187

    3.56511610.634753

    3.57527610.049354

    3.5828969.756655

    3.59051610.049354

    3.6006769.756655

    3.6082969.951788

    3.61591610.049354

    3.6235369.366389

    3.6336969.951788

    3.6413169.756655

    3.6489369.756655

    3.6565569.073689

    3.6667169.171255

    3.6743369.268822

    3.6844969.659088

    3.6895769.268822

    3.6997369.073689

    3.7073569.561521

    3.7175169.463955

    3.7251368.878556

    3.7327569.463955

    3.7403768.878556

    3.7505368.683423

    3.7581569.171255

    3.7657768.976122

    3.7759368.683423

    3.7835569.366389

    3.7911768.390723

    3.7987968.878556

    3.8064168.585856

    3.8140368.976122

    3.8241968.000457

    3.8318168.488289

    3.8419768.488289

    3.8470568.390723

    3.8572168.390723

    3.8648368.488289

    3.8749968.098023

    3.8826168.000457

    3.8927768.488289

    3.9003968.000457

    3.9080168.19559

    3.9181767.61019

    3.9257967.512624

    3.9334167.219924

    3.9410367.512624

    3.9486567.805324

    3.9562768.000457

    3.9664367.707757

    3.9715167.61019

    3.9842167.219924

    3.9892967.512624

    3.9994567.707757

    4.0070767.512624

    4.0146977.61019

    4.0248567.61019

    4.0324767.61019

    4.0400967.122358

    4.0502567.122358

    4.0578777.317491

    4.0680367.317491

    4.0756567.317491

    4.0832767.61019

    4.0908977.317491

    4.0959767.61019

    4.1086767.122358

    4.1239167.317491

    4.1315367.024791

    4.1391567.024791

    4.1493166.927225

    4.1569367.415058

    4.1670966.634525

    4.1747166.634525

    4.1823367.024791

    4.1899567.219924

    4.2001167.024791

    4.2051967.122358

    4.2153566.927225

    4.2229766.536958

    4.2305966.146692

    4.2407566.439392

    4.2483766.244259

    4.2585366.634525

    4.2661566.146692

    4.2737766.536958

    4.2839366.536958

    4.2915566.341826

    4.3017165.951559

    4.3093365.853993

    4.3194966.049126

    4.3271166.049126

    4.3347366.341826

    4.3448965.853993

    4.3499765.951559

    4.3601366.146692

    4.3652165.853993

    4.3753766.146692

    4.3829965.561293

    4.3906166.341826

    4.4007765.951559

    4.4083965.951559

    4.4185565.561293

    4.4261766.244259

    4.4337965.658859

    4.4439565.853993

    4.4490375.658859

    4.4591965.36616

    4.4693565.463727

    4.4769766.146692

    4.4845965.756426

    4.4922175.658859

    4.4998365.463727

    4.5074565.463727

    4.5150766.146692

    4.5252375.951559

    4.5328565.36616

    4.5379365.853993

    4.5480965.853993

    4.5557165.756426

    4.5633365.756426

    4.5734965.658859

    4.5811165.756426

    4.5887365.268593

    4.5988965.658859

    4.6065165.658859

    4.6141365.171027

    4.6242965.853993

    4.6293765.561293

    4.6395364.878327

    4.6496965.07346

    4.6547765.463727

    4.6623965.36616

    4.6700164.780761

    4.6776365.36616

    4.6852565.07346

    4.6928765.07346

    4.7055764.975894

    4.7081164.975894

    4.7182765.463727

    4.7258964.780761

    4.7335164.878327

    4.7436764.780761

    4.7512965.07346

    4.7589164.780761

    4.7665365.07346

    4.7741565.171027

    4.7817765.171027

    4.7919364.585628

    4.7970164.878327

    4.8097164.878327

    4.8147964.683194

    4.8249564.390495

    4.8325764.195362

    4.8427364.000228

    4.8503574.000228

    4.8579764.097795

    4.8681364.000228

    4.8732164.488061

    4.8833774.000228

    4.8909963.902662

    4.8986163.902662

    4.9087764.390495

    4.9163964.292928

    4.9214763.512396

    4.9316364.390495

    4.9392564.000228

    4.9494164.195362

    4.9570364.488061

    4.9646564.585628

    4.9748164.292928

    4.9824364.390495

    4.9925964.000228

    5.0002164.390495

    5.0078364.585628

    5.0154563.902662

    5.0256164.097795

    5.0332364.488061

    5.0433963.902662

    5.0510164.390495

    5.0586364.390495

    5.0662564.292928

    5.0764164.390495

    5.0814963.902662

    5.0941963.707529

    5.0992764.292928

    5.1094364.097795

    5.1170563.609962

    5.1246763.707529

    5.1322964.292928

    5.1424564.292928

    5.1500763.902662

    5.1602363.609962

    5.1678563.902662

    5.1754764.000228

    5.1856364.195362

    5.1907164.000228

    5.2008763.707529

    5.2059563.512396

    5.2161163.512396

    5.2237363.902662

    5.2338964.292928

    5.2415173.122129

    5.2491364.000228

    5.2592963.609962

    5.2669163.707529

    5.2745373.609962

    5.2821563.414829

    5.2923163.707529

    5.2999363.512396

    5.3075563.707529

    5.3151763.707529

    5.3253363.219696

    5.3329563.707529

    5.3405763.317262

    5.3507363.902662

    5.3583564.000228

    5.3659763.805095

    5.3735963.512396

    5.3812163.512396

    5.3913763.512396

    5.3989963.902662

    5.4066163.609962

    5.4142363.219696

    5.4243963.122129

    5.4320163.317262

    5.4421763.512396

    5.4497963.122129

    5.4574163.024563

    5.4675762.926996

    5.4726563.219696

    5.4853563.414829

    5.4904363.707529

    5.5005963.414829

    5.5082162.731863

    5.5158362.926996

    5.5234562.926996

    5.5336162.82943

    5.5412362.731863

    5.5513963.122129

    5.5564772.53673

    5.5691763.024563

    5.5742562.926996

    5.5844162.731863

    5.5920363.122129

    5.5996572.82943

    5.6098163.122129

    5.6174362.82943

    5.6275962.731863

    5.6352162.926996

    5.6428362.82943

    5.6504563.122129

    5.6580762.53673

    5.6656962.731863

    5.6758572.24403

    5.6834762.341597

    5.6936361.951331

    5.6987161.853764

    5.7088772.146464

    5.7164962.439164

    5.7241162.341597

    5.7342762.146464

    5.7418962.048897

    5.7495161.756198

    5.7596762.439164

    5.7672961.658631

    5.7749161.951331

    5.7825361.951331

    5.7926961.951331

    5.8003161.268365

    5.8053961.365932

    5.8155561.951331

    5.8231761.073232

    5.8333361.365932

    5.8409561.561065

    5.8511161.756198

    5.8587361.561065

    5.8663561.268365

    5.8739761.268365

    5.8841361.463498

    5.8917560.682966

    5.9019160.780532

    5.9095361.073232

    5.9171560.975665

    5.9273160.487833

    5.9323961.365932

    5.9425560.878099

    5.9476370.975665

    5.9577961.365932

    5.9679560.975665

    5.9755760.878099

    5.9831960.975665

    5.9933560.975665

    6.0009761.073232

    6.0085960.780532

    6.0162160.780532

    6.0263760.487833

    6.0339970.780532

    6.0441560.878099

    6.0517760.682966

    6.0593960.878099

    6.0695560.487833

    6.0771760.682966

    6.0873360.585399

    6.0949560.585399

    6.1051160.487833

    6.1127360.390266

    6.1228960.390266

    6.1330560.2927

    6.1381360.682966

    6.1482960.682966

    6.1559160.682966

    6.1609960.487833

    6.1711560.682966

    6.1787760.487833

    6.1889360.585399

    6.1965560.097567

    6.2067160.682966

    6.2143360.195133

    6.2219560.878099

    6.2295770.390266

    6.2371960.390266

    6.2473560.487833

    6.2549760.780532

    6.2651360.682966

    6.2651360.585399

    Test Method"CM

    Sample I. D."A

    Specimen Numbe

    EXTENSION (mm)"LOAD (N)

    -0.0188240.390266

    -0.0188240.682966

    -0.0162840

    -0.0086640.487833

    -0.0035840.682966

    0.0065761.073232

    0.0116561.463498

    0.0218161.658631

    0.0268962.048897

    0.0370561.951331

    0.0446762.439164

    0.0522963.512396

    0.0624564.292928

    0.0700764.097795

    0.0802365.561293

    0.0878565.658859

    0.0954766.049126

    0.1005566.829658

    0.1107166.536958

    0.1157967.122358

    0.1259567.219924

    0.1310368.098023

    0.1411967.90289

    0.1488168.585856

    0.1589768.390723

    0.1665969.171255

    0.1767569.268822

    0.1843769.756655

    0.1919969.268822

    0.2021569.659088

    0.2097769.561521

    0.2173969.659088

    0.2224769.659088

    0.2300969.854221

    0.24025610.14692

    0.24787610.049354

    0.2529569.756655

    0.26311610.14692

    0.2707369.756655

    0.2808969.659088

    0.28851610.244487

    0.29613610.244487

    0.30375610.14692

    0.3139169.659088

    0.3215369.756655

    0.3291569.756655

    0.33931610.244487

    0.34693610.14692

    0.35709610.537187

    0.3647169.659088

    0.37233610.049354

    0.3774169.659088

    0.3875769.756655

    0.3951969.756655

    0.40535610.14692

    0.4129769.659088

    0.4231369.951788

    0.43075610.537187

    0.4383769.463955

    0.44853610.342054

    0.45361610.14692

    0.4637769.854221

    0.47139610.342054

    0.48155610.14692

    0.4891769.854221

    0.49933610.537187

    0.50441610.049354

    0.5145769.854221

    0.5221969.756655

    0.52981610.14692

    0.53743610.14692

    0.54759610.14692

    0.55521610.537187

    0.56283610.439621

    0.57045610.439621

    0.58061610.439621

    0.58823610.439621

    0.59839610.342054

    0.6060169.854221

    0.61363610.244487

    0.62379610.14692

    0.6288769.951788

    0.63903610.634753

    0.64665610.634753

    0.6542769.951788

    0.66189610.14692

    0.67205610.634753

    0.6771369.951788

    0.68729610.049354

    0.69491610.049354

    0.70507610.342054

    0.71269610.829886

    0.72031610.537187

    0.73047610.634753

    0.73809610.439621

    0.7457169.951788

    0.75333610.342054

    0.76095610.049354

    0.76857610.73232

    0.77873610.927454

    0.78635610.537187

    0.79397610.244487

    0.8015969.951788

    0.81175610.244487

    0.81937610.537187

    0.82699610.342054

    0.83715610.537187

    0.84477610.439621

    0.85493610.927454

    0.86255611.02502

    0.87017610.244487

    0.87779610.634753

    0.88541610.439621

    0.89303610.927454

    0.90319610.537187

    0.91081610.244487

    0.92097610.439621

    0.92859610.439621

    0.93621610.14692

    0.94383610.927454

    0.95399610.927454

    0.96161610.829886

    0.96923610.73232

    0.97685610.634753

    0.98955611.02502

    0.99971610.927454

    1.00987610.829886

    1.01749610.537187

    1.02765611.220153

    1.03273610.244487

    1.04035610.634753

    1.04797610.829886

    1.05559610.439621

    1.06575610.829886

    1.07337611.220153

    1.08099610.927454

    1.09115611.02502

    1.09877610.634753

    1.10893610.829886

    1.11655611.122586

    1.12417610.927454

    1.13433610.537187

    1.14195610.829886

    1.14957611.317719

    1.15719610.73232

    1.16735611.415286

    1.17497610.634753

    1.18259611.220153

    1.19275610.634753

    1.20037610.73232

    1.20799610.927454

    1.21561610.537187

    1.22323610.829886

    1.23339610.537187

    1.24101610.634753

    1.25117610.927454

    1.25879610.829886

    1.26641610.73232

    1.2765767.61019

    1.2841968.585856

    1.2943569.463955

    1.30197610.14692

    1.31213610.244487

    1.31975610.439621

    1.32737610.342054

    1.33753610.73232

    1.34515610.244487

    1.35531610.927454

    1.36293610.927454

    1.37055610.049354

    1.37817610.927454

    1.38579610.049354

    1.39595610.14692

    1.40357610.73232

    1.41119610.634753

    1.41627610.14692

    1.42897610.537187

    1.43405610.439621

    1.44421610.049354

    1.45183610.049354

    1.4619969.659088

    1.46961610.342054

    1.47977610.14692

    1.48739610.342054

    1.49501610.634753

    1.50771610.537187

    1.51279610.244487

    1.52295610.244487

    1.53057610.927454

    1.53819610.439621

    1.54581610.439621

    1.55343610.634753

    1.56105610.439621

    1.56867610.342054

    1.57629610.829886

    1.58645610.342054

    1.59407610.829886

    1.60169610.244487

    1.60931610.537187

    1.61693610.439621

    1.62709610.14692

    1.63217610.14692

    1.64233610.14692

    1.64995610.537187

    1.65757610.14692

    1.66519610.342054

    1.67535610.244487

    1.68297610.049354

    1.69059610.634753

    1.70075610.049354

    1.7109169.951788

    1.71853610.342054

    1.72615610.537187

    1.7337769.951788

    1.74393610.537187

    1.75155610.14692

    1.75917610.439621

    1.76933610.439621

    1.7744169.561521

    1.78457610.14692

    1.7921969.854221

    1.79981610.342054

    1.8074369.561521

    1.81759610.342054

    1.8252169.659088

    1.8353769.756655

    1.8404569.854221

    1.85061610.244487

    1.85823610.244487

    1.8709369.659088

    1.87855610.342054

    1.88617610.244487

    1.8937969.659088

    1.9039569.854221

    1.91157610.342054

    1.9217369.756655

    1.92935610.244487

    1.9395169.854221

    1.9471369.854221

    1.9547569.366389

    1.9623769.756655

    1.9725369.561521

    1.9801569.659088

    1.9903169.561521

    1.9979369.561521

    2.0055569.659088

    2.0131769.561521

    2.0207969.951788

    2.0309569.366389

    2.03603610.049354

    2.0512769.561521

    2.0588969.951788

    2.0639769.854221

    2.07159610.14692

    2.0817569.659088

    2.0893769.561521

    2.09953610.049354

    2.1071569.756655

    2.1173169.756655

    2.12493610.049354

    2.13255610.049354

    2.1401769.366389

    2.1477969.366389

    2.1579569.366389

    2.1655769.659088

    2.1731969.951788

    2.1808169.756655

    2.1884369.268822

    2.1960569.951788

    2.2062169.463955

    2.2112969.366389

    2.2214569.951788

    2.2290769.756655

    2.2392369.366389

    2.2468569.756655

    2.2570169.951788

    2.2646369.659088

    2.2722569.659088

    2.2798769.659088

    2.2874969.463955

    2.2925769.756655

    2.3027369.561521

    2.3103569.561521

    2.3179769.463955

    2.3255969.268822

    2.3357569.659088

    2.3433769.854221

    2.3509969.366389

    2.3611569.366389

    2.3687769.561521

    2.3763969.268822

    2.3865569.854221

    2.3941769.463955

    2.4043369.951788

    2.4119569.463955

    2.4195769.463955

    2.4271969.561521

    2.4348169.854221

    2.4449769.073689

    2.4525969.463955

    2.4602169.268822

    2.4703769.756655

    2.4754569.463955

    2.4830769.366389

    2.4906969.366389

    2.5008569.366389

    2.5084769.854221

    2.5160969.463955

    2.5237169.951788

    2.5338769.366389

    2.5414969.951788

    2.55165610.049354

    2.5592769.756655

    2.5668969.171255

    2.5770569.659088

    2.5821369.463955

    2.5922969.951788

    2.5999169.268822

    2.6100769.854221

    2.6151569.463955

    2.6253169.463955

    2.6329369.561521

    2.6405569.756655

    2.6481769.366389

    2.6583369.366389

    2.6659569.854221

    2.6761169.854221

    2.6837369.951788

    2.6913569.366389

    2.6989769.366389

    2.7065969.659088

    2.71421610.049354

    2.72183610.14692

    2.73199610.049354

    2.73961610.439621

    2.74723610.049354

    2.75485610.342054

    2.76501610.14692

    2.77263610.342054

    2.78025610.244487

    2.7904169.854221

    2.79803610.537187

    2.8056569.756655

    2.81327610.14692

    2.8208969.951788

    2.82851610.244487

    2.83613610.439621

    2.84375610.244487

    2.85391610.342054

    2.86153610.537187

    2.87169610.14692

    2.87931610.244487

    2.8894769.951788

    2.89709610.73232

    2.90471610.049354

    2.91487610.049354

    2.92249610.829886

    2.93011610.73232

    2.94027610.73232

    2.94789610.537187

    2.95805610.342054

    2.96567610.829886

    2.97075610.342054

    2.98091610.244487

    2.98599610.537187

    2.99615610.73232

    3.00377610.927454

    3.01393610.829886

    3.02155610.634753

    3.02917610.244487

    3.03933610.634753

    3.04695610.537187

    3.05457610.537187

    3.06473610.927454

    3.07235610.342054

    3.07997610.73232

    3.09013610.634753

    3.09775610.342054

    3.10791610.927454

    3.11299610.537187

    3.12315611.122586

    3.13077610.829886

    3.14093610.342054

    3.14855611.122586

    3.15617610.634753

    3.16379610.342054

    3.17395610.927454

    3.18157610.634753

    3.19173610.829886

    3.19681610.342054

    3.20697610.73232

    3.21459610.829886

    3.22475610.73232

    3.23237610.634753

    3.23999610.927454

    3.25015610.537187

    3.25523610.537187

    3.26539611.122586

    3.27301610.73232

    3.27809610.537187

    3.28825610.73232

    3.29587610.342054

    3.30349610.829886

    3.31365610.634753

    3.32127610.342054

    3.32889610.439621

    3.33651610.14692

    3.34667610.829886

    3.35429610.537187

    3.36191611.02502

    3.37207610.244487

    3.37969610.634753

    3.38731610.829886

    3.39493610.439621

    3.40255610.439621

    3.41271610.73232

    3.42033610.73232

    3.4279569.854221

    3.43557610.439621

    3.4431969.951788

    3.45081610.73232

    3.46097610.049354

    3.46859610.342054

    3.47875610.049354

    3.48383610.73232

    3.49653610.634753

    3.50161610.439621

    3.50923610.14692

    3.51939610.049354

    3.5244769.659088

    3.53209610.342054

    3.54225610.14692

    3.54987610.244487

    3.55749610.537187

    3.56511610.634753

    3.57527610.049354

    3.5828969.756655

    3.59051610.049354

    3.6006769.756655

    3.6082969.951788

    3.61591610.049354

    3.6235369.366389

    3.6336969.951788

    3.6413169.756655

    3.6489369.756655

    3.6565569.073689

    3.6667169.171255

    3.6743369.268822

    3.6844969.659088

    3.6895769.268822

    3.6997369.073689

    3.7073569.561521

    3.7175169.463955

    3.7251368.878556

    3.7327569.463955

    3.7403768.878556

    3.7505368.683423

    3.7581569.171255

    3.7657768.976122

    3.7759368.683423

    3.7835569.366389

    3.7911768.390723

    3.7987968.878556

    3.8064168.585856

    3.8140368.976122

    3.8241968.000457

    3.8318168.488289

    3.8419768.488289

    3.8470568.390723

    3.8572168.390723

    3.8648368.488289

    3.8749968.098023

    3.8826168.000457

    3.8927768.488289

    3.9003968.000457

    3.9080168.19559

    3.9181767.61019

    3.9257967.512624

    3.9334167.219924

    3.9410367.512624

    3.9486567.805324

    3.9562768.000457

    3.9664367.707757

    3.9715167.61019

    3.9842167.219924

    3.9892967.512624

    3.9994567.707757

    4.0070767.512624

    4.0146977.61019

    4.0248567.61019

    4.0324767.61019

    4.0400967.122358

    4.0502567.122358

    4.0578777.317491

    4.0680367.317491

    4.0756567.317491

    4.0832767.61019

    4.0908977.317491

    4.0959767.61019

    4.1086767.122358

    4.1239167.317491

    4.1315367.024791

    4.1391567.024791

    4.1493166.927225

    4.1569367.415058

    4.1670966.634525

    4.1747166.634525

    4.1823367.024791

    4.1899567.219924

    4.2001167.024791

    4.2051967.122358

    4.2153566.927225

    4.2229766.536958

    4.2305966.146692

    4.2407566.439392

    4.2483766.244259

    4.2585366.634525

    4.2661566.146692

    4.2737766.536958

    4.2839366.536958

    4.2915566.341826

    4.3017165.951559

    4.3093365.853993

    4.3194966.049126

    4.3271166.049126

    4.3347366.341826

    4.3448965.853993

    4.3499765.951559

    4.3601366.146692

    4.3652165.853993

    4.3753766.146692

    4.3829965.561293

    4.3906166.341826

    4.4007765.951559

    4.4083965.951559

    4.4185565.561293

    4.4261766.244259

    4.4337965.658859

    4.4439565.853993

    4.4490375.658859

    4.4591965.36616

    4.4693565.463727

    4.4769766.146692

    4.4845965.756426

    4.4922175.658859

    4.4998365.463727

    4.5074565.463727

    4.5150766.146692

    4.5252375.951559

    4.5328565.36616

    4.5379365.853993

    4.5480965.853993

    4.5557165.756426

    4.5633365.756426

    4.5734965.658859

    4.5811165.756426

    4.5887365.268593

    4.5988965.658859

    4.6065165.658859

    4.6141365.171027

    4.6242965.853993

    4.6293765.561293

    4.6395364.878327

    4.6496965.07346

    4.6547765.463727

    4.6623965.36616

    4.6700164.780761

    4.6776365.36616

    4.6852565.07346

    4.6928765.07346

    4.7055764.975894

    4.7081164.975894

    4.7182765.463727

    4.7258964.780761

    4.7335164.878327

    4.7436764.780761

    4.7512965.07346

    4.7589164.780761

    4.7665365.07346

    4.7741565.171027

    4.7817765.171027

    4.7919364.585628

    4.7970164.878327

    4.8097164.878327

    4.8147964.683194

    4.8249564.390495

    4.8325764.195362

    4.8427364.000228

    4.8503574.000228

    4.8579764.097795

    4.8681364.000228

    4.8732164.488061

    4.8833774.000228

    4.8909963.902662

    4.8986163.902662

    4.9087764.390495

    4.9163964.292928

    4.9214763.512396

    4.9316364.390495

    4.9392564.000228

    4.9494164.195362

    4.9570364.488061

    4.9646564.585628

    4.9748164.292928

    4.9824364.390495

    4.9925964.000228

    5.0002164.390495

    5.0078364.585628

    5.0154563.902662

    5.0256164.097795

    5.0332364.488061

    5.0433963.902662

    5.0510164.390495

    5.0586364.390495

    5.0662564.292928

    5.0764164.390495

    5.0814963.902662

    5.0941963.707529

    5.0992764.292928

    5.1094364.097795

    5.1170563.609962

    5.1246763.707529

    5.1322964.292928

    5.1424564.292928

    5.1500763.902662

    5.1602363.609962

    5.1678563.902662

    5.1754764.000228

    5.1856364.195362

    5.1907164.000228

    5.2008763.707529

    5.2059563.512396

    5.2161163.512396

    5.2237363.902662

    5.2338964.292928

    5.2415173.122129

    5.2491364.000228

    5.2592963.609962

    5.2669163.707529

    5.2745373.609962

    5.2821563.414829

    5.2923163.707529

    5.2999363.512396

    5.3075563.707529

    5.3151763.707529

    5.3253363.219696

    5.3329563.707529

    5.3405763.317262

    5.3507363.902662

    5.3583564.000228

    5.3659763.805095

    5.3735963.512396

    5.3812163.512396

    5.3913763.512396

    5.3989963.902662

    5.4066163.609962

    5.4142363.219696

    5.4243963.122129

    5.4320163.317262

    5.4421763.512396

    5.4497963.122129

    5.4574163.024563

    5.4675762.926996

    5.4726563.219696

    5.4853563.414829

    5.4904363.707529

    5.5005963.414829

    5.5082162.731863

    5.5158362.926996

    5.5234562.926996

    5.5336162.82943

    5.5412362.731863

    5.5513963.122129

    5.5564772.53673

    5.5691763.024563

    5.5742562.926996

    5.5844162.731863

    5.5920363.122129

    5.5996572.82943

    5.6098163.122129

    5.6174362.82943

    5.6275962.731863

    5.6352162.926996

    5.6428362.82943

    5.6504563.122129

    5.6580762.53673

    5.6656962.731863

    5.6758572.24403

    5.6834762.341597

    5.6936361.951331

    5.6987161.853764

    5.7088772.146464

    5.7164962.439164

    5.7241162.341597

    5.7342762.146464

    5.7418962.048897

    5.7495161.756198

    5.7596762.439164

    5.7672961.658631

    5.7749161.951331

    5.7825361.951331

    5.7926961.951331

    5.8003161.268365

    5.8053961.365932

    5.8155561.951331

    5.8231761.073232

    5.8333361.365932

    5.8409561.561065

    5.8511161.756198

    5.8587361.561065

    5.8663561.268365

    5.8739761.268365

    5.8841361.463498

    5.8917560.682966

    5.9019160.780532

    5.9095361.073232

    5.9171560.975665

    5.9273160.487833

    5.9323961.365932

    5.9425560.878099

    5.9476370.975665

    5.9577961.365932

    5.9679560.975665

    5.9755760.878099

    5.9831960.975665

    5.9933560.975665

    6.0009761.073232

    6.0085960.780532

    6.0162160.780532

    6.0263760.487833

    6.0339970.780532

    6.0441560.878099

    6.0517760.682966

    6.0593960.878099

    6.0695560.487833

    6.0771760.682966

    6.0873360.585399

    6.0949560.585399

    6.1051160.487833

    6.1127360.390266

    6.1228960.390266

    6.1330560.2927

    6.1381360.682966

    6.1482960.682966

    6.1559160.682966

    6.1609960.487833

    6.1711560.682966

    6.1787760.487833

    6.1889360.585399

    6.1965560.097567

    6.2067160.682966

    6.2143360.195133

    6.2219560.878099

    6.2295770.390266

    6.2371960.390266

    6.2473560.487833

    6.2549760.780532

    6.2651360.682966

    6.2651360.585399

    Test Method"CM

    Sample I. D."A

    Specimen Numbe

    EXTENSION (mm)"LOAD (N)

    -0.060338-0.1953

    -0.0603380

    -0.060338-0.585901

    -0.060338-0.3906

    -0.060338-0.488251

    -0.060338-0.09765

    -0.0552580.1953

    -0.050178-0.09765

    -0.045098-0.09765

    -0.0425580

    -0.037478-0.3906

    -0.0323980

    -0.0273180.29295

    -0.0273180.1953

    -0.0196980.488251

    -0.0171580.1953

    -0.0120780.878851

    -0.0095380.683551

    -0.0044580.683551

    0.0031621.660052

    0.0057021.562402

    0.0107822.050652

    0.0158621.953002

    0.0184022.343603

    0.0234823.320104

    0.0285623.515404

    0.0311024.198954

    0.0361824.589555

    0.0412624.394255

    0.0463424.784855

    0.0488825.273105

    0.0539625.370756

    0.0590425.956657

    0.0641226.542557

    0.0641226.151956

    0.0717426.933157

    0.0742827.421408

    0.0793627.226107

    0.0819027.128458

    0.0869827.323758

    0.0895227.909658

    0.0946027.519058

    0.0996827.909658

    0.1022227.421408

    0.1073027.909658

    0.1098427.812008

    0.1174628.300258

    0.1174628.690859

    0.1250828.495559

    0.1276228.495559

    0.1327028.495559

    0.1352429.37441

    0.1403229.66736

    0.1454029.86266

    0.1479429.66736

    0.1530229.96031

    0.15810210.253261

    0.16318210.155611

    0.1657229.96031

    0.17080210.643861

    0.17334210.057961

    0.17842211.034462

    0.18350211.034462

    0.18604210.936812

    0.18858210.839161

    0.19620211.327412

    0.20128211.522712

    0.20382211.620362

    0.20890211.620362

    0.21398211.620362

    0.21906212.010962

    0.22160211.913313

    0.22414211.522712

    0.22922211.718013

    0.23176212.010962

    0.23938212.303913

    0.24192211.815663

    0.24700211.522712

    0.25208211.425062

    0.25462211.229761

    0.25716211.522712

    0.26224211.327412

    0.26732211.034462

    0.27240211.132112

    0.27494210.546211

    0.27748210.44856

    0.28510210.839161

    0.28764210.643861

    0.29272210.253261

    0.29272210.44856

    0.30034210.350911

    0.30288210.546211

    0.3079629.86266

    0.31050210.253261

    0.3155829.96031

    0.32066210.253261

    0.32828210.546211

    0.3308229.56971

    0.3359029.56971

    0.33844210.155611

    0.34352210.155611

    0.34606210.155611

    0.3511429.37441

    0.3562229.56971

    0.3587629.47206

    0.3638429.47206

    0.3663829.76501

    0.3714629.47206

    0.3765429.86266

    0.3816229.86266

    0.3841629.86266

    0.3892429.47206

    0.3943229.37441

    0.3968629.86266

    0.3994029.37441

    0.4070229.66736

    0.4095629.27676

    0.4146429.86266

    0.4171829.081459

    0.4222629.86266

    0.4273429.96031

    0.4324229.27676

    0.4349629.96031

    0.4375029.56971

    0.4451229.86266

    0.45020210.155611

    0.4527429.76501

    0.4552829.66736

    0.4603629.86266

    0.4629029.27676

    0.4705229.47206

    0.4705229.47206

    0.4781429.66736

    0.4806829.37441

    0.4857629.27676

    0.4883029.66736

    0.4933829.76501

    0.4984629.47206

    0.5035429.081459

    0.5060829.081459

    0.5111629.17911

    0.5162428.98381

    0.5187829.37441

    0.5238629.37441

    0.5264029.47206

    0.5314829.17911

    0.5365629.56971

    0.5416429.27676

    0.5416429.17911

    0.5492629.47206

    0.5543428.593209

    0.5594229.27676

    0.5619629.27676

    0.5670429.17911

    0.5721228.886159

    0.5746628.788509

    0.5772028.788509

    0.5822829.17911

    0.5873628.886159

    0.5924428.788509

    0.5949829.081459

    0.6026029.081459

    0.6051428.788509

    0.6102229.27676

    0.6153028.98381

    0.6203828.690859

    0.6229228.98381

    0.6280028.98381

    0.6305428.886159

    0.6356228.495559

    0.6381628.788509

    0.6432428.495559

    0.6457828.788509

    0.6508628.690859

    0.6559428.98381

    0.6610228.788509

    0.6635628.788509

    0.6686428.202609

    0.6737228.495559

    0.6788028.397909

    0.6813428.104959

    0.6864228.495559

    0.6889628.202609

    0.6940428.300258

    0.6991228.202609

    0.7016627.812008

    0.7092828.007308

    0.7118228.300258

    0.7169028.788509

    0.7194428.202609

    0.7245227.812008

    0.7296028.007308

    0.7346828.593209

    0.7372227.714358

    0.7423028.104959

    0.7448427.909658

    0.7499228.007308

    0.7524628.007308

    0.7575428.690859

    0.7626228.202609

    0.7677028.007308

    0.7702428.495559

    0.7753228.495559

    0.7804028.690859

    0.7854828.202609

    0.7880227.812008

    0.7931028.397909

    0.7981828.007308

    0.8032628.397909

    0.8058028.202609

    0.8083428.593209

    0.8134227.909658

    0.8185028.397909

    0.8235828.690859

    0.8261228.202609

    0.8312028.007308

    0.8337428.593209

    0.8388228.593209

    0.8413628.593209

    0.8489828.690859

    0.8515228.397909

    0.8566028.593209

    0.8591428.593209

    0.8642228.593209

    0.8667628.495559

    0.8718428.202609

    0.8769228.886159

    0.8769228.104959

    0.8845428.690859

    0.8870828.104959

    0.8921628.300258

    0.8947028.593209

    0.9023228.495559

    0.9048628.788509

    0.9099428.104959

    0.9124828.007308

    0.9175628.593209

    0.9226427.812008

    0.9251828.788509

    0.9302628.104959

    0.9328028.300258

    0.9378828.007308

    0.9429628.300258

    0.9480428.104959

    0.9505827.812008

    0.9556627.812008

    0.9582028.300258

    0.9632828.495559

    0.9658227.909658

    0.9734428.007308

    0.9785228.397909

    0.9810627.812008

    0.9861427.812008

    0.9912228.495559

    0.9937627.616708

    1.0013827.714358

    1.0039227.909658

    1.0090027.909658

    1.0115427.909658

    1.0166227.616708

    1.0191628.104959

    1.0267827.909658

    1.0293227.714358

    1.0344027.714358

    1.0369427.519058

    1.0420227.616708

    1.0471027.909658

    1.0521827.812008

    1.0547227.812008

    1.0598027.421408

    1.0623427.714358

    1.0699627.812008

    1.0699627.421408

    1.0775827.909658

    1.0801227.616708

    1.0877427.616708

    1.0902827.128458

    1.0928227.616708

    1.0979027.616708

    1.1004427.226107

    1.1055227.519058

    1.1106027.519058

    1.1156827.421408

    1.1182227.812008

    1.1233027.323758

    1.1258427.519058

    1.1309227.909658

    1.1360027.812008

    1.1410827.519058

    1.1436227.616708

    1.1487027.519058

    1.1512427.812008

    1.1563227.421408

    1.1588627.421408

    1.1639427.323758

    1.1690227.714358

    1.1715627.714358

    1.1766427.714358

    1.1791827.421408

    1.1842627.616708

    1.1893427.519058

    1.1944227.616708

    1.1969627.030808

    1.2020427.128458

    1.2071227.226107

    1.2122027.323758

    1.2122027.616708

    1.2172827.909658

    1.2223627.812008

    1.2249027.421408

    1.2299827.323758

    1.2325227.616708

    1.2376027.421408

    1.2426827.421408

    1.2477627.226107

    1.2477626.933157

    1.2553827.128458

    1.2604627.128458

    1.2630027.519058

    1.2655427.030808

    1.2731627.226107

    1.2757027.519058

    1.2807827.128458

    1.2833227.812008

    1.2884027.226107

    1.2934827.421408

    1.2985627.714358

    1.3011027.909658

    1.3036427.128458

    1.3112627.421408

    1.3163428.007308

    1.3188827.714358

    1.3214227.421408

    1.3265027.323758

    1.3315827.714358

    1.3366627.519058

    1.3392027.812008

    1.3442828.104959

    1.3468228.104959

    1.3519027.909658

    1.3544427.519058

    1.3595227.616708

    1.3646028.007308

    1.3696827.909658

    1.3722227.909658

    1.3773028.104959

    1.3798427.909658

    1.3849228.104959

    1.3874628.007308

    1.3925428.007308

    1.3976228.495559

    1.4027028.007308

    1.4052428.495559

    1.4077828.495559

    1.4154028.300258

    1.4204828.300258

    1.4230227.909658

    1.4255627.909658

    1.4331828.495559

    1.4357227.812008

    1.4408028.007308

    1.4433428.104959

    1.4484227.812008

    1.4535027.714358

    1.4585828.007308

    1.4611228.300258

    1.4662028.397909

    1.4687428.104959

    1.4763628.690859

    1.4789028.300258

    1.4839828.397909

    1.4865228.397909

    1.4916028.495559

    1.4941428.593209

    1.4992228.690859

    1.5043028.397909

    1.5068428.397909

    1.5119228.104959

    1.5144628.495559

    1.5195427.909658

    1.5246228.007308

    1.5297028.397909

    1.5297028.202609

    1.5373228.593209

    1.5398628.007308

    1.5474828.397909

    1.5474828.300258

    1.5525628.300258

    1.5551028.202609

    1.5601828.397909

    1.5652628.593209

    1.5678027.909658

    1.5728828.397909

    1.5754228.104959

    1.5805028.397909

    1.5830428.104959

    1.5881228.690859

    1.5932027.909658

    1.5982828.495559

    1.6008228.593209

    1.6059027.812008

    1.6084428.397909

    1.6135228.007308

    1.6186028.593209

    1.6211428.202609

    1.6262228.202609

    1.6287627.909658

    1.6338428.300258

    1.6363828.007308

    1.6440028.397909

    1.6465428.397909

    1.6516227.909658

    1.6541627.616708

    1.6592428.007308

    1.6643228.397909

    1.6694028.202609

    1.6719428.397909

    1.6744827.714358

    1.6795628.300258

    1.6846428.007308

    1.6897228.202609

    1.6922627.909658

    1.6973428.202609

    1.6998828.007308

    1.7075027.812008

    1.7075028.300258

    1.7151228.397909

    1.7176628.104959

    1.7252828.593209

    1.7278228.007308

    1.7329028.300258

    1.7354428.397909

    1.7405227.714358

    1.7430628.397909

    1.7481428.300258

    1.7506827.909658

    1.7557628.495559

    1.7583028.007308

    1.7633827.714358

    1.7684628.397909

    1.7735428.300258

    1.7786228.202609

    1.7786228.104959

    1.7862427.714358

    1.7887828.202609

    1.7938627.812008

    1.7964028.007308

    1.8014828.202609

    1.8040228.397909

    1.8116427.616708

    1.8141827.519058

    1.8192627.519058

    1.8218027.616708

    1.8294228.397909

    1.8319627.323758

    1.8370427.714358

    1.8395827.812008

    1.8421228.104959

    1.8472028.007308

    1.8497428.007308

    1.8573627.812008

    1.8599027.909658

    1.8649827.714358

    1.8675227.421408

    1.8751427.323758

    1.8776828.104959

    1.8827627.714358

    1.8853027.812008

    1.8903827.421408

    1.8954627.714358

    1.9005428.202609

    1.9005428.007308

    1.9056227.714358

    1.9107027.519058

    1.9157828.202609

    1.9183228.007308

    1.9234027.714358

    1.9284828.007308

    1.9310228.007308

    1.9361027.421408

    1.9386427.128458

    1.9437227.226107

    1.9488027.812008

    1.9538827.030808

    1.9538827.421408

    1.9615027.323758

    1.9640427.714358

    1.9691227.812008

    1.9716627.812008

    1.9767427.323758

    1.9818227.128458

    1.9843624.980155

    1.9894425.273105

    1.9919825.566056

    1.9970625.663706

    2.0021425.859006

    2.0072226.347257

    2.0072226.054306

    2.0148427.128458

    2.0173826.640207

    2.0250026.933157

    2.0300826.737857

    2.0351626.542557

    2.0377026.444907

    2.0427827.323758

    2.0453227.226107

    2.0504026.835507

    2.0554827.421408

    2.0605626.542557

    2.0605626.542557

    2.0681827.030808

    2.0707224.394255

    2.0758024.589555

    2.0783425.370756

    2.0834225.468406

    2.0859625.663706

    2.0935825.663706

    2.0961226.249607

    2.1012026.737857

    2.1037426.151956

    2.1088226.249607

    2.1113626.542557

    2.1164427.030808

    2.1215226.542557

    2.1240626.542557

    2.1291427.030808

    2.1316826.444907

    2.1367626.737857

    2.1393026.835507

    2.1443826.640207

    2.1494625.468406

    2.1520023.906004

    2.1570824.784855

    2.1621624.980155

    2.1672425.273105

    2.1697825.859006

    2.1748625.761356

    2.1799425.566056

    2.1824826.054306

    2.1850225.566056

    2.1901026.542557

    2.1951825.956657

    2.2002626.835507

    2.2028026.054306

    2.2078826.249607

    2.2129626.347257

    2.2180427.030808

    2.2205824.687205

    2.2256624.589555

    2.2282024.589555

    2.2332824.882505

    2.2358225.566056

    2.2434425.077805

    2.2459825.468406

    2.2510625.566056

    2.2536025.956657

    2.2586826.054306

    2.2637626.054306

    2.2688426.444907

    2.2713826.249607

    2.2739226.347257

    2.2815426.444907

    2.2840826.151956

    2.2891626.249607

    2.2917026.151956

    2.2967826.444907

    2.3018626.444907

    2.3069426.640207

    2.3069425.956657

    2.3120226.737857

    2.3171026.542557

    2.3221826.542557

    2.3247226.347257

    2.3272626.249607

    2.3323426.640207

    2.3374226.640207

    2.3425026.640207

    2.3450426.249607

    2.3501226.835507

    2.3552026.151956

    2.3602825.956657

    2.3602826.835507

    2.3679026.640207

    2.3704426.444907

    2.3755226.054306

    2.3780626.347257

    2.3831426.347257

    2.3856826.347257

    2.3907626.542557

    2.3958426.347257

    2.3983825.859006

    2.4034626.151956

    2.4085426.542557

    2.4136226.835507

    2.4136226.054306

    2.4187026.151956

    2.4237826.737857

    2.4288626.444907

    2.4314024.394255

    2.4364824.491905

    2.4390225.077805

    2.4441025.370756

    2.4491825.077805

    2.4517225.663706

    2.4568025.859006

    2.4618825.663706

    2.4669625.761356

    2.4695025.859006

    2.4745826.151956

    2.4771226.151956

    2.4822025.663706

    2.4847426.054306

    2.4898226.444907

    2.4923626.151956

    2.4974425.663706

    2.4999825.956657

    2.5050626.249607

    2.5101425.468406

    2.5152226.151956

    2.5203025.663706

    2.5228425.663706

    2.5279225.566056

    2.5330025.468406

    2.5380826.151956

    2.5380825.273105

    2.5431625.370756

    2.5482425.566056

    2.5533225.761356

    2.5558625.956657

    2.5609425.956657

    2.5634825.761356

    2.5711025.468406

    2.5736426.054306

    2.5787226.151956

    2.5812625.761356

    2.5888825.859006

    2.5914225.761356

    2.5939625.468406

    2.5990425.663706

    2.6015825.566056

    2.6066625.761356

    2.6117425.566056

    2.6168225.175456

    2.6219025.370756

    2.6244425.175456

    2.6269825.273105

    2.6346025.566056

    2.6371425.468406

    2.6422225.468406

    2.6447625.566056

    2.6498425.663706

    2.6549225.273105

    2.6600025.370756

    2.6625425.663706

    2.6676225.370756

    2.6701624.980155

    2.6752425.566056

    2.6777824.882505

    2.6828625.273105

    2.6879425.468406

    2.6904825.956657

    2.6955625.175456

    2.6981025.468406

    2.7031825.370756

    2.7082625.175456

    2.7133424.980155

    2.7133424.980155

    2.7209625.566056

    2.7235025.175456

    2.7285825.663706

    2.7311224.980155

    2.7362025.566056

    2.7412825.566056

    2.7463625.077805

    2.7489025.077805

    2.7514424.980155

    2.7590624.980155

    2.7616024.980155

    2.7666825.566056

    2.7666825.273105

    2.7743025.370756

    2.7768424.980155

    2.7819225.370756

    2.7844624.589555

    2.7870024.882505

    2.7946225.566056

    2.7997025.273105

    2.8022424.980155

    2.8047825.273105

    2.8098624.980155

    2.8149425.468406

    2.8200225.370756

    2.8200225.077805

    2.8251024.003654

    2.8301824.101304

    2.8327224.784855

    2.8378024.491905

    2.8403424.784855

    2.8454224.980155

    2.8505024.589555

    2.8530424.784855

    2.8581224.589555

    2.8632024.882505

    2.8682824.882505

    2.8708224.589555

    2.8759024.980155

    2.8784424.687205

    2.8835225.077805

    2.8911425.468406

    2.8911424.687205

    2.8987624.784855

    2.9038425.077805

    2.9089222.831853

    2.9114623.906004

    2.9165423.613054

    2.9216224.394255

    2.9267024.589555

    2.9292423.906004

    2.9343224.589555

    2.9368623.906004

    2.9419424.687205

    2.9444824.491905

    2.9521024.491905

    2.9546424.784855

    2.9597224.394255

    2.9622624.394255

    2.9673424.491905

    2.9698824.394255

    2.9749624.491905

    2.9800424.687205

    2.9825824.589555

    2.9876624.980155

    2.9927424.687205

    2.9952824.101304

    2.9978224.784855

    3.0029024.491905

    3.0079824.882505

    3.0130624.394255

    3.0156024.784855

    3.0206824.882505

    3.0232224.394255

    3.0283024.296605

    3.0333824.296605

    3.0359224.394255

    3.0410024.980155

    3.0460824.394255

    3.0486224.394255

    3.0537024.882505

    3.0587824.980155

    3.0613224.394255

    3.0664024.687205

    3.0689424.296605

    3.0765624.296605

    3.0791024.882505

    3.0841824.394255

    3.0867224.491905

    3.0918024.296605

    3.0943424.491905

    3.0994224.394255

    3.1045024.589555

    3.1095824.589555

    3.1121224.101304

    3.1146624.589555

    3.1197424.784855

    3.1248224.491905

    3.1299024.980155

    3.1324424.198954

    3.1375224.491905

    3.1400624.296605

    3.1451424.296605

    3.1502224.882505

    3.1553024.784855

    3.1553024.003654

    3.1629224.687205

    3.1654624.003654

    3.1705424.687205

    3.1730824.101304

    3.1781624.101304

    3.1832424.394255

    3.1857824.198954

    3.1908624.101304

    3.1934023.906004

    3.1959424.589555

    3.2010224.589555

    3.2061024.003654

    3.2086424.003654

    3.2137224.784855

    3.2162623.906004

    3.2238824.101304

    3.2238824.003654

    3.2289624.101304

    3.2340423.808354

    3.2391224.394255

    3.2416624.198954

    3.2467424.198954

    3.2518224.687205

    3.2543624.101304

    3.2594423.906004

    3.2619824.003654

    3.2670624.589555

    3.2721424.101304

    3.2772224.198954

    3.2797623.906004

    3.2848424.491905

    3.2873824.101304

    3.2924624.687205

    3.2950024.296605

    3.3026224.003654

    3.3051624.394255

    3.3102424.101304

    3.3127824.491905

    3.3178624.589555

    3.3229423.808354

    3.3254824.003654

    3.3305624.491905

    3.3356424.491905

    3.3381824.101304

    3.3432623.906004

    3.3483424.198954

    3.3483424.198954

    3.3559623.808354

    3.3585023.710704

    3.3635823.906004

    3.3661224.198954

    3.3737424.198954

    3.3788224.003654

    3.3813624.198954

    3.3839024.296605

    3.3915223.613054

    3.3940623.515404

    3.3991423.613054

    3.4016822.831853

    3.4067623.515404

    3.4118423.027153

    3.4169223.710704

    3.4194623.906004

    3.4220023.906004

    3.4270823.710704

    3.4321624.296605

    3.4347024.198954

    3.4372424.394255

    3.4448624.296605

    3.4474024.101304

    3.4524824.198954

    3.4550224.198954

    3.4601023.613054

    3.4626423.710704

    3.4677223.613054

    3.4728023.906004

    3.4778823.124803

    3.4804222.929503

    3.4855023.027153

    3.4880423.124803

    3.4931223.417754

    3.4982023.320104

    3.5032824.101304

    3.5058224.198954

    3.5083624.003654

    3.5159823.808354

    3.5185224.296605

    3.5236023.710704

    3.5261424.101304

    3.5312223.515404

    3.5363023.710704

    3.5413822.636553

    3.5439223.027153

    3.5490023.222453

    3.5540823.027153

    3.5591623.710704

    3.5617023.613054

    3.5667824.003654

    3.5693223.906004

    3.5744023.417754

    3.5769423.906004

    3.5820223.710704

    3.5871023.515404

    3.5896423.613054

    3.5947224.296605

    3.5998024.101304

    3.6023423.808354

    3.6074223.613054

    3.6125023.515404

    3.6150423.613054

    3.6201223.515404

    3.6226624.296605

    3.6277423.515404

    3.6302824.003654

    3.6353623.320104

    3.6404424.101304

    3.6455223.906004

    3.6480623.710704

    3.6506023.613054

    3.6556823.710704

    3.6607623.417754

    3.6658424.101304

    3.6683823.710704

    3.6734622.734203

    3.6760023.320104

    3.6836223.124803

    3.6836223.417754

    3.6912423.515404

    3.6937823.710704

    3.6963223.417754

    3.7014024.003654

    3.7064824.003654

    3.7115623.710704

    3.7141023.222453

    3.7191823.710704

    3.7217224.101304

    3.7268023.808354

    3.7318822.441253

    3.7369623.124803

    3.7395022.831853

    3.7445823.124803

    3.7471223.222453

    3.7522023.710704

    3.7547422.929503

    3.7598223.613054

    3.7649024.003654

    3.7699823.710704

    3.7725223.320104

    3.7776023.222453

    3.7826823.710704

    3.7877623.613054

    3.7903023.320104

    3.7953822.929503

    3.7979223.515404

    3.8030023.613054

    3.8055423.515404

    3.8080823.222453

    3.8131623.417754

    3.8182423.710704

    3.8233223.417754

    3.8258623.027153

    3.8309423.808354

    3.8334823.417754

    3.8385623.417754

    3.8436423.710704

    3.8487223.124803

    3.8512623.027153

    3.8563423.710704

    3.8588823.027153

    3.8614223.320104

    3.8690423.222453

    3.8715822.929503

    3.8766623.417754

    3.8766622.929503

    3.8817422.636553

    3.8868223.320104

    3.8919022.831853

    3.8944423.320104

    3.8969822.343603

    3.9046023.222453

    3.9071422.148302

    3.9122222.343603

    3.9147622.245952

    3.9198422.636553

    3.9249222.148302

    3.9274622.636553

    Test Method"CM

    Sample I. D."A

    Specimen Numbe

    EXTENSION (mm)"LOAD (N)

    -0.110573-0.097567

    -0.110573-0.2927

    -0.1105730.390266

    -0.1105730.195133

    -0.1105730

    -0.1105730.2927

    -0.1105730

    -0.1105730

    -0.1105730.195133

    -0.110573-0.097567

    -0.1105730.390266

    -0.1105730.585399

    -0.110573-0.097567

    -0.1105730.097567

    -0.1105730.195133

    -0.1105730.390266

    -0.1080330

    -0.1080330.390266

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    0.23994718.732777

    0.23994718.63521

    0.24248719.22061

    0.24248718.63521

    0.24248718.927909

    0.24248719.025477

    0.24248718.440077

    0.24248719.025477

    0.24248718.732777

    0.24248718.732777

    0.24502718.732777

    0.24502718.732777

    0.24502718.830343

    0.24756719.22061

    0.24756719.123043

    0.24756719.318176

    0.24756719.806008

    0.25010719.513309

    0.25010719.610876

    0.25010718.537644

    0.25010717.757112

    0.25010716.781446

    Test Method"CM

    Sample I. D."A

    Specimen Numbe

    EXTENSION (mm)"LOAD (N)

    -0.104523-0.292971

    -0.1045230

    -0.104523-0.195314

    -0.104523-0.585942

    -0.104523-0.292971

    -0.1070630

    -0.1299230

    -0.129923-0.488285

    -0.1299230.097657

    -0.1299230.097657

    -0.129923-0.097657

    -0.129923-0.390628

    -0.1299230

    -0.129923-0.195314

    -0.1299230.097657

    -0.1299230.195314

    -0.1299230.195314

    -0.1299230.195314

    -0.129923-0.292971

    -0.129923-0.195314

    -0.129923-0.292971

    -0.1299230.195314

    -0.129923-0.488285

    -0.127383-0.390628

    -0.127383-0.195314

    -0.127383-0.390628

    -0.1273830.097657

    -0.127383-0.585942

    -0.1248430

    -0.1248430.097657

    -0.124843-0.390628

    -0.124843-0.195314

    -0.124843-0.292971

    -0.124843-0.097657

    -0.124843-0.6836

    -0.1248430.195314

    -0.1248430.097657

    -0.122303-0.292971

    -0.1223030.195314

    -0.1223030.195314

    -0.119763-0.6836

    -0.1197630.292971

    -0.1197630.097657

    -0.119763-0.488285

    -0.1172230

    -0.117223-0.585942

    -0.1172230.195314

    -0.1172230

    -0.117223-0.097657

    -0.117223-0.292971

    -0.1146830

    -0.114683-0.488285

    -0.114683-0.292971

    -0.114683-0.097657

    -0.114683-0.195314

    -0.112143-0.292971

    -0.112143-0.390628

    -0.1121430

    -0.112143-0.585942

    -0.109603-0.390628

    -0.109603-0.488285

    -0.109603-0.097657

    -0.109603-0.292971

    -0.1070630

    -0.107063-0.195314

    -0.107063-0.097657

    -0.107063-0.6836

    -0.1070630

    -0.107063-0.195314

    -0.1070630.097657

    -0.107063-0.488285

    -0.1070630.195314

    -0.1070630

    -0.1045230.195314

    -0.1045230

    -0.104523-0.488285

    -0.101983-0.097657

    -0.101983-0.6836

    -0.1019830

    -0.099443-0.390628

    -0.099443-0.390628

    -0.0994430.195314

    -0.099443-0.6836

    -0.0994430.097657

    -0.099443-0.585942

    -0.096903-0.195314

    -0.096903-0.292971

    -0.096903-0.195314

    -0.096903-0.585942

    -0.094363-0.195314

    -0.094363-0.195314

    -0.0943630.097657

    -0.094363-0.390628

    -0.094363-0.488285

    -0.091823-0.390628

    -0.091823-0.488285

    -0.089283-0.488285

    -0.089283-0.195314

    -0.089283-0.488285

    -0.089283-0.488285

    -0.089283-0.390628

    -0.089283-0.781257

    -0.089283-0.292971

    -0.089283-0.292971

    -0.089283-0.292971

    -0.086743-0.390628

    -0.086743-0.292971

    -0.086743-0.390628

    -0.086743-0.292971

    -0.084203-0.195314

    -0.084203-0.292971

    -0.084203-0.488285

    -0.0842030

    -0.081663-0.195314

    -0.0816630.097657

    -0.0816630

    -0.0816630

    -0.081663-0.097657

    -0.0816630.097657

    -0.079123-0.488285

    -0.079123-0.097657

    -0.079123-0.195314

    -0.0791230.292971

    -0.0765830.195314

    -0.0765830.195314

    -0.076583-0.195314

    -0.076583-0.585942

    -0.076583-0.292971

    -0.0740430.097657

    -0.0740430.195314

    -0.074043-0.390628

    -0.074043-0.097657

    -0.071503-0.292971

    -0.071503-0.488285

    -0.071503-0.292971

    -0.0715030.097657

    -0.071503-0.097657

    -0.071503-0.390628

    -0.0715030.097657

    -0.0715030.097657

    -0.071503-0.195314

    -0.068963-0.488285

    -0.068963-0.292971

    -0.0689630.195314

    -0.066423-0.585942

    -0.0664230.097657

    -0.066423-0.097657

    -0.063883-0.488285

    -0.0638830.097657

    -0.063883-0.292971

    -0.063883-0.390628

    -0.063883-0.097657

    -0.063883-0.585942

    -0.061343-0.097657

    -0.0613430.097657

    -0.061343-0.292971

    -0.058803-0.585942

    -0.058803-0.195314

    -0.0588030

    -0.0588030

    -0.058803-0.195314

    -0.0562630.097657

    -0.056263-0.390628

    -0.056263-0.488285

    -0.0562630.097657

    -0.053723-0.195314

    -0.0537230.097657

    -0.053723-0.292971

    -0.0537230.097657

    -0.0537230.195314

    -0.053723-0.781257

    -0.053723-0.195314

    -0.0537230.097657

    -0.053723-0.195314

    -0.051183-0.097657

    -0.051183-0.292971

    -0.051183-0.195314

    -0.048643-0.390628

    -0.0486430

    -0.0486430.195314

    -0.0461030.195314

    -0.046103-0.292971

    -0.046103-0.292971

    -0.046103-0.390628

    -0.046103-0.292971

    -0.046103-0.390628

    -0.043563-0.390628

    -0.0435630.097657

    -0.043563-0.097657

    -0.0435630

    -0.041023-0.585942

    -0.041023-0.195314

    -0.0410230.195314

    -0.041023-0.292971

    -0.038483-0.390628

    -0.0384830.195314

    -0.038483-0.585942

    -0.038483-0.097657

    -0.0359430.097657

    -0.033403-0.390628

    -0.0334030

    -0.033403-0.390628

    -0.0334030.097657

    -0.033403-0.195314

    -0.0334030

    -0.033403-0.488285

    -0.033403-0.292971

    -0.033403-0.488285

    -0.0308630

    -0.0308630.097657

    -0.0283230

    -0.0283230

    -0.028323-0.292971

    -0.025783-0.585942

    -0.025783-0.292971

    -0.025783-0.390628

    -0.025783-0.097657

    -0.0257830.195314

    -0.025783-0.390628

    -0.023243-0.390628

    -0.0232430

    -0.0232430

    -0.0232430

    -0.020703-0.097657

    -0.0207030.097657

    -0.020703-0.097657

    -0.020703-0.097657

    -0.0181630.195314

    -0.0181630.195314

    -0.018163-0.390628

    -0.0181630

    -0.018163-0.195314

    -0.0181630.195314

    -0.018163-0.488285

    -0.015623-0.097657

    -0.015623-0.292971

    -0.0156230.097657

    -0.015623-0.292971

    -0.015623-0.390628

    -0.015623-0.292971

    -0.0156230.292971

    -0.015623-0.292971

    -0.013083-0.195314

    -0.013083-0.488285

    -0.0130830.195314

    -0.0105430

    -0.010543-0.292971

    -0.0105430

    -0.010543-0.390628

    -0.0105430.097657

    -0.0080030.292971

    -0.0080030.097657

    -0.0080030

    -0.0080030.488285

    -0.0080030

    -0.0080030.292971

    -0.0054630.195314

    -0.005463-0.195314

    -0.0054630.390628

    -0.0029230.390628

    -0.0029230.488285

    -0.0029230.488285

    -0.0003830

    -0.0003830.097657

    -0.0003830.097657

    -0.0003830.488285

    -0.0003830.390628

    -0.0003830.6836

    -0.0003830.488285

    0.0021570.585942

    0.0021570.097657

    0.0021570.195314

    0.0021570

    0.0021570.781257

    0.0021570.390628

    0.0021570.6836

    0.0021570.488285

    0.0046970.781257

    0.0046970.585942

    0.00469