Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
POPULATION
The accumulation of people in a particular area is called population growth.
It can be permanent or temporary.
Rise in birth rate of an area within a time frame.
Decrease of death rate. Migration due to marriage, employment.
Causes of Permanent Growth
(Any gathering for short duration.) Gathering during some fair-holy bathing at
the confluence of river Ganga . Gathering during some weekly market. Gathering for some celebration or function. Q- state one example of temporary
population growth?
Temporary population growth
Poorer nations such as Sudan and Ethiopia account for about 95% of the world’s population.
By 2025 its total population will be around 6.8 billion.
Q-why poorer nations more populated than the richer nations ?
Population Growth in different areas
year1830 year1925 year1960 year1975 year20000
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
asia
africa
europe
N america
Trends of population growth in major continents
World population
Asia
Nations such as Japan and Germany will have same population in year 2025 (1.2billion) as they are having now.
Q-What is the reason of this type of population pattern?
Number of people living in a unit area. Population density = number of people
/area Many people in unit area = high density. Less people in unit area = low density.
Density of population
Low density areas- Arctic, parts of Australia, Africa etc,.
High density areas – Ganga-Brahmaputra delta ,cities like Tokyo – Yokohama, Mexico city, New York city ,Shangai etc,.
Q- Reason of high and low density?
When the birth rate is high and death rate is low ,the population increases .
Birth rate - death rate = natural increase.
Singapore’s rate of natural increase is 5 people /1000 people. which is a low rate, where as in Philippines it is around 20 people/1000 people.
Natural of increase of population
Population increase or decrease because of birth or death rate.
And also due to migration. Population remains the same over the years
due to the equality in birth and death rate.
Causes of high population growth
Reduction in death rates.
Early marriages.
Protection against the old age.
Need of more hands on farms(in agriculturally dominated country)like India .
Consequence of high population growth
Need to Increase in food supplies. Reduction in death rates.
Strain on government infrastructure(health care, education, jobs ,house and other basic facilities).
Overcrowding
Response to the problem
Female Literacy programmes
Singapore is the smallest country in the world both in terms of size (700sq.km)and its population.(less than 4.5 million ).
This shows decline in Singapore’s population.
Japan ,Australia and Italy are some of the nation suffering this decline too.
Low rate of population growth
In 2005 Japan 21% of population is 65 (or above)year old. This made it the world’s oldest nation.
Within 45 years it is expected to shrunk to 100 million.
Thus Government is encouraging and spending on fertility treatment programmes.
To encourage more children country like Australia gives generous bonus to the couples.
1950-1960
1961-1970
1971 -1980
1981-1990
1991-2000
2001-2010
2011-2020
2021-2030
0.00%
1.00%
2.00%
3.00%
4.00%
5.00%
6.00%
Growth trend
growth%
Total population of Singapore and projected population
projected
Causes of decline
Low birth rates.
Low death rates.
Low birth ratesDue to
L
a
r
g
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
w
o
m
e
n
p
r
e
f
e
r
t
o
s
t
a
y
s
i
n
g
l
e
a
n
d
e
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
a
ll
y
i
n
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t.
Couple prefer small family because of high living standard.
Working women postponing marriage and motherhood.
Low death rate causesImproved medical care.
Living in hygienic environment ,hence less prone to die of infectious diseases.
Drawback of low population growth
Aging population provide small workforce.
Less revenue for the government
Small defense force
Increase in the need of elderly
Q- what is the reason behind the declining population growth of Singapore?
Q- Suggest some measures to control this declining trend.
