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Population of the Quebec Territory. Circa 1500. Demographic of Aboriginal peoples. Aboriginal nations each had their own language, beliefs, ways of life and territories. Aboriginal nations were grouped into 3 linguistic families: Iroquoian, Algonquian, and Inuktitut. Examine document 20. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Population of the Quebec TerritoryCirca 1500
Demographic of Aboriginal peoples
• Aboriginal nations each had their own language, beliefs, ways of life and territories.
• Aboriginal nations were grouped into 3 linguistic families: Iroquoian, Algonquian, and Inuktitut.
• Examine document 20
Demographics of Aboriginal peoples
• Researchers used the size and location of archeological sites as well as the capacity of a given environment to feed a population in order to determine the aproximate Aboriginal population in 1500.
• They also studied the first hand accounts of the first European obsevers.
• Examine document 21.
Organization of Aboriginal societies and their territory
• The nations in this area showed similarities in the organization of the territory they occupied and in their social and political organization.
• Read document 24
Iroquoians
Way of life Semi-sedentary
Dwelling - Longhouse-Dwellings grouped in a village, often surrounded by a palisade-Situated on fertile soil, suitable for agriculture, close to water and forest
Occupation and organization of their territory
Iroquoian• Social organization
Kinship -Lineage traced from mother to daughter-A married man usually lived with his wife’s family
Social organization The clan - Group of families descended from the same maternal ancestor
The village - Made up of many longhouses belonging to different clans
Nation - All of the villages in a given territory, shared language and culture
Confederation - Different nations joined in a league or union for strategic purposes (trade and defence)
The longhouse
Iroquoian• Political organization
Political representation Exercise of power - Government by consensus (everyone agrees), by men appointed by female elders
Civil chief - Hereditary position - Management of village’s internal affairs - Relations with other villages and peoples
Council -Association of clan chiefs at the village, nation or league level
Algonquian
• Moved around constantly to find the resources they needed for survival.
Algonquian• Organization of their territory
Way of life Nomadic
Dwelling - Wigwam (bark or animal hide tent)-Summer camp: group of many tents near a navigable waterway- Winter camp: small group of tents, located inland
Algonquian• Social organization
Kinship -Lineage traced from father to son- A married woman lived with her husband’s family
Social organization Nuclear family - Dad, mom, kids - More than one family might live in a wigwam, depending on its size
Hunting group - Small group of a few families belonging to the same band (in winter)
The band - Large group of several realted families (in summer)
Algonquian• Political organization
Political representation Exercise of power - Government by consensus
Band chief - Temporary position - Man chosen by his peers for his hunting skills or influence on other members of the band
Inuit• Lived in very harsh climate conditions and
had to be highly adaptable .• This characteristic is reflected in their
territorial, social and political organization.
Inuit• Occupation and organization of territory
Way of life Nomadic
Dwelling - Animal hide tent (in summer)-Igloo (in winter)- Camp of varying size, larger in winter, during the seal hunt on the ice floe
Inuit• Social organization
Kinship - Lineage traced from father to son - a married woman lived with her husband’s family
Social organization Nuclear family
Hunting group - small group of a few related families or friends (importance of friendship ties)
Regional band - Group of several families
Inuit• Political organization
Political representation Exercise of power - Government by consensus
Band chief - Temporary position, oldest active man in the group
Aboriginal peoples living together• Aboriginal peoples had contact with each other
through commercial trade or armed conflicts.• In general, relations among the different groups
depended on the population density in the area.• In the north, population density was very low, so
groups rarely came into contact with each other. • However, there were still times when they came
into conflict over hunting grounds.