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PopulismPopulismand the Wizard of OZ.and the Wizard of OZ.
Farmer’s ComplaintFarmer’s Complaint Tariffs:Tariffs:1. Raised price on foreign farm machinery 1. Raised price on foreign farm machinery
..2.US tariffs on foreign manufactured 2.US tariffs on foreign manufactured
goods lead to European tariffs on goods lead to European tariffs on Farmers crops.Farmers crops.
Monetary Policy:Monetary Policy:Farmers wanted an increase in money Farmers wanted an increase in money
supply.supply.Opponents wanted a tighter money Opponents wanted a tighter money
supplysupply
The Silver Question:The Silver Question:Gold Bugs vs. SilveritesGold Bugs vs. Silverites
Farmer ProtestsFarmer Protests
The Grange- 1866, helped form a coop of farmers The Grange- 1866, helped form a coop of farmers who could work together for change.who could work together for change.
Farmer Alliances- networks of farmers that Farmer Alliances- networks of farmers that banded together to call for regulation of the rail banded together to call for regulation of the rail roads, more money in circulation, anti-trust laws roads, more money in circulation, anti-trust laws and farm credit.and farm credit.
Government Response: President Cleveland Government Response: President Cleveland “though the people support the government, the “though the people support the government, the government should not support the people”.government should not support the people”.
Cleveland signed the Interstate Commerce Act in Cleveland signed the Interstate Commerce Act in 1887: this act regulated the rail prices, and 1887: this act regulated the rail prices, and disallow rails from giving special discounts to disallow rails from giving special discounts to some customers.some customers.
The PopulistsThe Populists
In 1890 the Farmers’ Alliances formed In 1890 the Farmers’ Alliances formed the Populist Party and had the the Populist Party and had the following platform:following platform:Expanded money supplyExpanded money supplyUnlimited minting of silverUnlimited minting of silverProgressive income tax: greater financial Progressive income tax: greater financial
burden on industrialists and less on burden on industrialists and less on farmers.farmers.
Government ownership of communications Government ownership of communications and transportation systems.and transportation systems.
Presidential Candidate BryanPresidential Candidate Bryan William Jennings Bryan was the William Jennings Bryan was the
1896 Democratic Candidate 1896 Democratic Candidate and after giving his famous and after giving his famous Cross of Gold speech was Cross of Gold speech was supported by the Populists.supported by the Populists.
Failed to pull in American Failed to pull in American Factory WorkersFactory Workers
The Cross of Gold SpeechThe Cross of Gold Speech Refer to the gold standardRefer to the gold standard You shall not press down upon You shall not press down upon
the brow of labor this crown of the brow of labor this crown of thorns, You shall not crucify thorns, You shall not crucify mankind upon a mankind upon a “cross of “cross of gold!”gold!”
Link to the Wizard of OzLink to the Wizard of Oz When Baum wrote the When Baum wrote the
Wizard of Oz, he made Wizard of Oz, he made astute observations about astute observations about rural life in South Dakota rural life in South Dakota and urban/industrial life in and urban/industrial life in Chicago.Chicago.
Many have made the links Many have made the links between the movie, between the movie, industrialization, industrialization, westward expansion and westward expansion and the Populist movement.the Populist movement.
In your notes, list the following In your notes, list the following historical concepts…historical concepts…
““Robber Baron”Robber Baron” FarmersFarmers William Jennings William Jennings
BryanBryan Industrial Workers Industrial Workers
(2)(2) ““Captain of Captain of
Industry”Industry”
Gold StandardGold Standard President President
ClevelandCleveland The “Everyman” The “Everyman”
AmericanAmerican Free SilverFree Silver Washington D.C.Washington D.C.
As we encounter each As we encounter each character from The Wizard of character from The Wizard of
Oz…Oz…
try and match the earlier try and match the earlier concepts to one of the concepts to one of the
characters.characters.
The ScarecrowThe Scarecrow
““if I only had a brain.”if I only had a brain.”
FarmersFarmers
The Tin ManThe Tin Man
““if I only had a heart.”if I only had a heart.”
Industrialists Industrialists
The Cowardly LionThe Cowardly Lion
““big roar, little bite”, lacked couragebig roar, little bite”, lacked courage
William Jennings BryanWilliam Jennings Bryan
The Yellow Brick RoadThe Yellow Brick Road
““follow the yellow brick road” that follow the yellow brick road” that leads nowhereleads nowhere
The Gold StandardThe Gold Standard
DorothyDorothy
The “Everyman” AmericanThe “Everyman” American
Dorothy’s ShoesDorothy’s Shoes
Originally silver in the book, these Originally silver in the book, these got Dorothy out of the land of Oz.got Dorothy out of the land of Oz.
Free SilverFree Silver
The Wicked Witch of The The Wicked Witch of The EastEast
““Robber Baron”Robber Baron”
Rockefeller and Standard Oil:Rockefeller and Standard Oil:
The MunchkinsThe Munchkins
““in bondage for many years, making in bondage for many years, making them slave for the witch night and them slave for the witch night and day.”day.”
Industrial workers - Industrial workers - immigrantsimmigrants
Emerald City and the Wizard of Emerald City and the Wizard of OzOz
Washington D.C.Washington D.C.&&
President Cleveland President Cleveland
The Good Witch of the NorthThe Good Witch of the North
Allows Dorothy to take the Ruby Allows Dorothy to take the Ruby (silver) shoes(silver) shoes
““Captain of Industry”Captain of Industry”
Andrew CarnegieAndrew Carnegie