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Power-SharingInstitutions ofFederal States
Political Science FacultyMaster course Compound System of Governance
Thomas Fleiner
Shared Rule Self RuleC
on
stitutio
n
Basic Elements of Federalism
Constitution Making
CommonLaw
Function
Civil LawFunction
Continuity Big Bang
Pouvoir Constituant –Pouvoir Constitué –Legislature
Amendment process
USA, Canada, Australia
Eternity Clauses
Federal States
Democratic GovernanceFederal GovernanceGood Governance
Principles
Democracy Rule of LawFundamental
Rights
Three GovernmentalSystems:
Pre
siden
tial S
yste
m
Westm
inte
r Type
Syste
m
Dire
ctoria
lS
yste
m
Sem
ipre
si-
denti
al
In Parliament Centralized Sovereignty
Parliament
Head of State
Cabinet
In Parliament centralized Sovereignty
Parliament
Head of State
Cabinet
In Parliament centralized Sovereignty
Parliament
Head of State
Cabinet
Crown
LordsCom
mon
s
Crown
Lords Comm
ons
Crown
Lords
Comm
ons
Commons
Cabinet
Lords
Crown
Westminster
Elements of Influence
Political Rights
One manone voteone value
Electoral System
Constituency Major. Propor.
VolontéGénérale
Volontéde Tous
Borough Major.
Propor.
relative absolute
Whole Country
Governmen-tal System
PositionFirst Chamber
Status of Members of P
Position ofParties
Electoral systemElectoral concept
PresidentialSystem
USA
Congress
Represen-tatives
Senate PresidentSupreme
Court
USA
Sover. Legislature Sover. Executive
Sover. Judiciary
Federal Government
Ges JudExe
GovernmentsOf States
Leg Exe Jud
Federal AffairsPeople Citizens States
One PersonOne vote
One Nation
Each CantonTwo votes
Fed. Assembly
National-council
Cantons
FederalCouncil
(semi)Direct Democracy
Initiative - Referendum
Challenge for all Institutions
Confl. manage.
EducationLobbies
Parties
People and Cantons
Federation
Canton
Municiplali.
Imple
ment.
Imple
ment
Imple
ment
Vollzu
gV
ollzu
gV
ollzu
g
Ele
ction R
efe
ren
du
m
Ele
ction R
efe
rendum
Eöle
ct. refe
ren
du
m
Forms of Federal Executives and Legislatures in Selected Federations
Federation
Executive Legislature
Head of Government
Head Fe- deration
Bicameral unic. Leg.
Austr. Cabinet Prime Mini. Monarch Bicamer.
Austria Cabinet Chancellor El. Presid. Bicamer.
Belgi. Cabinet Prime Mini. Monarch Bicamer.
Canada Cabinet Prime. Mini. Monarch Bicamer.
Germa. Cabinet Chancellor Pres. El. Assembly
Bicamer.
Malays. Cabinet Prime.Min. Sel. Her. rulers
Bicamer.
Spain Cabinet Prime.Min. Monarch Bicamer.
CH Fixed termExec.Dire.
Rot. Pres. Rot. Pres. Bicamer.
US Sep. Pres. Congress
President Pres. Elected
Bicamer.
Variations in Selection, Composition and Powers of
Second Chambers S. Watts
Selection Composition Powers Role
App. By Fed. Gov. CA Mal.63% Seats
Equal Regio.Repr. CA
Absol VetoMediation US, CH
Legislature CH; US, AT AU MY
App. By F.Gv. Nom. Provinc.
Equ. St. Re. AU, US,CH
Abs. Veto f. some Leg.
Legis.; int. Gvt Rel ZA
App. State Gov. GE
2 Cat. Of St. Repres. CH
Susp. Veto time ES MY
Interpret.Const. Ethi.
Ind. El. State legis. AT IN MY
Weighed. St. Repr. AU. IN.
Susp.Veto GE
Dir.El. Simpl. Plur. CH, US
Weighed St. Repr. IN, AT
Deadlock: joint Sitting
Dir. El. Prop. AU Ad.repr.for other IN,MY
Deadlock: Diss. Joint Sit.
Choice left to Cantons CH
Min. reg. repr. ES,BE
Money Bill Sus Veto IN,My
Mixed. BE.ES, MY
Repr. NationEhtiop.
Judic. Funct.Ethiop.
CouncilHead of States
States
Councilof Ministers
Parliament
Peoples
Presi-dent
Commission
President
Foreign Aff.
European Union
People(‘s?) of the Union?
Concluding Remarks
Major Issues
Democratic participation of the people
Democratic accountability
Horizontal and vertical Checks and Ba-lances / Separation of powers
Transparency including participation
Rule of Law
Participation of federal units and People’s
Major Challenges
Parties, Parliament and election
Checks and Balances
Independence of Judiciary local andfederal
Nation and Nation-Building
One or two chambers?
Democratic governance versusFederal governance