Powering the next generation of Metering Communications

Power Automation

Powering the next generation of Metering CommunicationsKerk See Gim, Power Automation

Power

Automation

Content

Introduction on PA Smart Metering Communications Overview Case Study – NUS- U-Town TVWS – The game changer ? Conclusions

Smart Metering

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Automation

POWER AUTOMATION“To be a leading system integrator and turnkey vendor

providing innovative solutions for Power System Control & Substation Automation systems”

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Asset & Expertise

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Joint Venture Company between Singapore Power and Siemens since June 1996 Specializes in SCADA, DA/DMS, EMS, and substation protection & control systems As Siemens’ center of competence in SEA for Power System Control business As Siemens’ center of competence in Asia for Substation control business To provide better services and supports to customers in Asia Pacific region To provide One-Stop Power Quality services to customers in Singapore

Power Automation’s personnel have full spectrum of SCADA and power quality experiences With electric utility With high-tech customers Technical development as well as strategy advisory Will make available highly trained personnel with experiences on international projects to ensure a successful implementation

Power Automation ( A Brief Introduction)

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Smart Control System SCADA/EMS SCADA/DMS, DASubstation Integrated Protection & Control Bay ControllersData Acquisition and Control Interlocking

Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs)Numerical Protection Systems Intelligent Meters

Remote Terminal Units (RTUs)Smart Metering AMI PQA PQS

Scope of Businesses

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SCADASCADA/DMS hardware and software maintenance services for PowerGrid Integrated Substation Control and Protection System for Ayer Rajah II, Labrador II, Tampines Wafer 230kV, and Jurong Island 230kV and 66kV Substations, Seraya and Senoko C Switch-houses Remote Terminal Units for 66kV, 22kV and 6.6kV substations SMRT control systems – East West Line Review of electrical network design concept paper for Lands & Estates Organisation, MINDEF Upgrading and Replacement of the SCADA/DMS for PowerGrid Electrical Integrated Control and Substation Automation System for LNG Plant in Ras Laffan, Qatar System Dispatch Center Project (EMS/DMS) for CEM, Macau SCADA/EMS for Penampang 120MW IPP Development and Interconnection Project, Sabah SCADA/EMS for Sandakan Load Dispatch Centre, Sabah SCADA System for Putrajaya, Malaysia SCADA system for Taipei, Kaoshiung, MaiLiao Substation Control System for various HV/MV Substations in Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, Philippines,Smart Metering Systems Power Quality Monitoring System for PowerGrid’s T&D Substations PQMS Jurong Shipyard PQMS ST Microelectronics PQMS Mindef for Changi Air Base, Changi East Naval Base, Mandai Camp Seagate RMO at Woodlands plant 1, 2 and 3 Sony Visual Display Corp Changi Airport Terminal 1,2 and 3 Changi Water Reclamation Plant AMR study and Design for BSES, Mumbai

Project References (A Snapshot)

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A Sample of Our Customers

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Smart Metering Communications Overview

What Utility/Regulators what for Smart metering

•Improve retail efficiency and increase revenue•Improve real time management and increased service offerings•energy management, demand management, condition monitoring at the distribution levelto achieve predictive maintenance, Outage Management•better fault response and improving reliability• Security and Asset Management• LOW COST, PREFERABLY FREE !!!

What the current communications technologies can provide

• daily settlement data – 48 intervals• 2 way communications at limited data speed to support ad-hoc queries• daily struggle to meet performance criteria – 97% successful read on the first day, 99%on the second day, 100% on the third day , using SNEAKER NET , if need be• Definitely NOT CHEAP !!!

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Evolving needs

AMR

AMI

Broadband AMI

AMI+

Com

mun

icat

ion

Net

wor

k C

apab

ility

AMI System Functionality

2003-06

2000

2007-08

2010+

• Mobile system or fixedone-way network

• Interval reads retrievedmonthly

• one-way outagedetection (last gasp)

• Proprietary basedclosed systems

• 2-way network RF or PLC• Interval reads polled daily• 2-way outage detection• Limited TOU rate

programming• Proprietary based closed

systems

• Added functionality-Remote on/off-Voltage measure-HAN interface-Prepay service

• Open architectural elements

• Real-time capable• Smart grid capable • Broadband services

AMR

AMI

Broadband AMI

AMI+

Com

mun

icat

ion

Net

wor

k C

apab

ility

AMI System Functionality

2003-06

2000

2007-08

2010+

• Mobile system or fixedone-way network

• Interval reads retrievedmonthly

• one-way outagedetection (last gasp)

• Proprietary basedclosed systems

• 2-way network RF or PLC• Interval reads polled daily• 2-way outage detection• Limited TOU rate

programming• Proprietary based closed

systems

• Added functionality-Remote on/off-Voltage measure-HAN interface-Prepay service

• Open architectural elements

• Real-time capable• Smart grid capable • Broadband services

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AMI Data and Network Needs

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Our Approach on Communication Technologies – support changing technologies

Develop our system from backend to demand applications based on high speed connectivity

AMR

AMI

Broadband Application for Advanced Metering

BPL v3

WiFi, TV Whitespace

RF Canopy

WiMax, PLC broadband

Perf

orm

ance

(Ban

dwid

th, C

over

age

& V

alue

)

Time

Pervasive Customer Broadband Access

2006 2008

Technology Adoption Zone

2000 2010

BPL v2

BPL v1

PLC v2RF Mesh/Radial RF

ERT

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NUS University Town – Electricity Vending System for Aircon units

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NUS University Town

Smart Meters with wireless communicationsE-Payment Gateways (Nets, AXS, Credit Cards)

Meter with Smart Card System

Which to Choose ??

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Meter Challenges and EVS benefits No awareness of actual usage – manual download via the smart key when

they top up could be delayed, ineffective tamper analysis Ease of tampering as checks on site are less frequent now Difficulty in making adjustments to tariffs and emergency credits Difficulties in addressing special case and ad- hoc credits Loss of tokens/Keys Conversion requires changing back to normal meter High meter costs and High Transaction Charges

EVS Solution Offers Real time readings and 48 interval of 30 mins uploaded daily Smart meter with anti tampering alarms sub-station audit module computes daily energy transferred from the

substation – anti tampering analysis on a daily basis real time adjustments to tariff, credit amount and packages require no tokens/keys Support both prepaid and postpaid options Cost effective meter with 15 year product design life supports giro, bulk transactions and lowers transaction costs OVERALL LOWER OWNERSHIP COSTS

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Meter Installation with RF Meter and CDU

All meters are installed at the DB near the entrance, the CDU is available to remind the users to top-up.

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Performance Results – Daily Read

893 892 892 893 893 894 893 894 893 887 886

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Aug 11 Sep 11 Oct 11 Nov 11 Dec 11 Jan 12 Feb 12 Mar 12 Apr 12 May 12 Jun 12

Num

ber o

f Met

ers R

etrie

ved

MDR Period

Monthly Average Meter Dial Reading Retrieval Record

Date Aug 11 Sep 11 Oct 11 Nov 11 Dec 11 Jan 12 Feb 12 Mar 12 Apr 12 May 12 Jun 12

Meter Read 893 892 892 893 893 894 893 894 893 887 886

Total 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895

99.78% 99.66% 99.66% 99.78% 99.78% 99.89% 99.78% 99.89% 99.78% 99.11% 98.99%

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Performance charts- Load profile – 48 intervals

15

1314

18 18

14 1413 13

18

23

0

5

10

15

20

25

Aug 11 Sep 11 Oct 11 Nov 11 Dec 11 Jan 12 Feb 12 Mar 12 Apr 12 May 12 Jun 12

Monthly AverageNo. of meters with missing profiles on D+1

No. of meters with missing profiles on D+1

Date Aug 11 Sep 11 Oct 11 Nov 11 Dec 11 Jan 12 Feb 12 Mar 12 Apr 12 May 12 Jun 12No. of meters with missing profiles on D+1

15 13 14 18 18 14 14 13 13 18 23

Total number of meters 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895

1.68% 1.45% 1.56% 2.01% 2.01% 1.56% 1.56% 1.45% 1.45% 2.01% 2.57%

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Purchase records

430 413363

321

119

350

198 214 198

4972

050

100150200250300350400450500

Credit Card

Total Credit Purchases (Aug11-Jun12)Aug 2011

Sep 2011

Oct 2011

Nov 2011

Dec 2011

Jan 2012

Feb 2012

Mar 2012

Apr 2012

Jun 2012

May 2012

Date Credit Card Nets Cashcard Total TotalAug 2011 0 400 30 430 15.77%Sep 2011 136 259 18 413 15.14%Oct 2011 172 179 12 363 13.31%Nov 2011 148 162 11 321 11.77%Dec 2011 53 66 0 119 4.36%Jan 2012 126 213 11 350 12.83%Feb 2012 95 100 3 198 7.26%Mar 2012 82 129 3 214 7.85%Apr 2012 100 95 3 198 7.26%May 2012 46 25 1 72 2.64%Jun 2012 29 18 2 49 1.80%Total 987 1646 94 2727

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For more information:• Visit https://nus-utown.evs.com.sg• Technical Hotline 82999655

Buying of Air-Con CreditSimply purchase your credit by Internet or Kiosk !

• Kiosk located at the lobby• Visit https://nus-utown.evs.com.sg

KioskInternet

Step 1.

Enter Your Meter ID

Select Purchasin

gAmount

Proceed With

Payment

Air-Con Credits Sent Shortly

Step 2. Step 3.

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TVWS TechnologyWhat is TV White space ? As a start, TV frequency channels refers to the spectrum for television

broadcast and radio spectrum from 4 contiguous blocks of a total of 418Mhz bandwith

The term “TV white space” relates to the same parts of, which in a givenlocation or any given time remains unused for broadcast television. Thishappens when TV channels are now broadcasted via cable or fibernetworks leaving them un-used or simply under-utilised. The reducedrequired for separation distances are offering new opportunities for TVWS

Singapore is the only country other USA which allow “free to use” TVWhitespace. This open up huge opportunities for players to utilise them forsmartgrid, remote monitoring and control and surveillance purposes. Therest that are testing for approval are UK, Canada and France

TVWS – Under-utilised Analog TV channels

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What is TV Whitespace

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CASE STUDY – Singapore

Spectrum utilization ~6.5% meaning that most of the time, its free

Spectrum allocation ~100%

Unused spectrum exists from …time to time, & location to location

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But this is not all! – a large chunk is block off for our neighbours – lets start with them

To avoid interference in TV spectrum with Malaysia and Indonesia, Singapore virtually loses 2/3 of the To avoid interference in TV spectrum with Malaysia and Indonesia, Singapore virtually loses 2/3 of the spectrum

Indonesia TVR1 Malaysia TV2

TV Channels Used in SG

Wireless MIC Channels Used in SG

DAB Channels Used in SG

Regional Coordination

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Solutions? – IDA approves TVWS use for 630 Mhz to 742 Mhz – around 10 channels

Spectrum is wasted!Cognitive radio (CR) is a potential solutionChannel Bandwidth - 5MhzChannel Spacing – 8 Mhz

Cognitive Radio Car Driving

Frequency spectrum Road

Frequency band Lane

CR device Car

Opportunistically use spectrum when it is idle

Requires sensing of available spectrum

TV White Space (TVWS)

When applied on TV bands, it is called

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Data Rates & Range Tradeoff

Data Rates vs Range

0.8, 50001, 2500

2, 5003, 200

5, 50

10, 10

1

10

100

1000

10000

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Range (km)

Dat

a R

ates

(kbp

s)

• Based on path loss exponent of 2.5• Transmission power of 100 mW• Carrier frequency of 700 MHz, can be varied and “jumped” to any

unused channels and for the trial we are planning on 1.5 Mbps for 1 km radius

• Possible to cover the whole of Singapore with 250 concentrators

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Comparisons between 3G/GPRS to TV White Space

Factors 3G HSPA TVWSPrice ($/month) 53.90 0Max. speed1 (Mbps) 4.8 (DL), 1.3

(UL)213.5

Max speed at cell edge (Mbps) 0.6 1.5Max number of simultaneousconnections (assume 100 kbps for Smartgrid applications like load shedding)

6 18

Number of simultaneous 5 MHz frequency channels (max)

1 103

Max number of meters/devices perAccess point at one location

600 6000

Notes:1Based on Singtel: http://home.singtel.com/bbmobile/2Uplink (UL) speed is estimated based on downlink speed. Average trueput from 3G 7.2 Mbps are really not achievable and really less than 300 kbps at most situations . GPRS is only 80 kbps at best.3Based on IDA’s current TVWS guideline4The actual numbers should be higher as it is unlikely that all devices will be at cell edge

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Our Universal Communication Module

RS232/RS485

Upstream commsmodule

DataManagement & ControlModule

Downstream Zigbee and BPL commsmodule

InternalDatabase

Smart Energy Meter

TV White Space Home Automation

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Modules of our TVWS system

meters

TVWS End Nodes Concentrator/Gateway

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Highly extensible Deployment Design – Multiple Tier networks

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TV White Space (TVWS) Trial @ NUS

Tentative • No. of concentrators: 2

• No. of meters: up to 800 – Stage 2

• Frequency: UHF bands• Range: 700-1000m• Power:

•100 mW (last mile)•Speed to double if we set at 500 mW as approved

•Up to 1 Watt (infra)• Data rates: ~5 Mbps

(aggregated raw rate)

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Powering the Applications

• Camera Security• Customer Aware Applications• Demand Management via Smartplugs• Smart Home/Smartphone Payment Gateway

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End of Presentation

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Powering the next generation of Metering Communications