POWERMINE Mining cable solutions and services A practical ... · 2 3 Coal cutter longwall Continuous miner Spreader Shaft / shaft sinking Underground drilling Gallery Loader Monorail

POWERMINE®

Mining cable solutions and servicesA practical guide

32

Coal cutter longwall

Continuous miner

Spreader

Shaft / shaft sinking

Undergrounddrilling

Gallery

Loader

Monorail

Conveyor belt

Shuttle car

POWERMINE®

Mining cable solutions and servicesA�practical�guide

1 POWERMINE® cable solutions and services

2 Mining cable types

3 International standards a. Mechanical requirements . P10

b. Construction requirements . P12

4 Surface mining

5 Underground mining

6 Tunneling

7 Mining infrastructure

8 Added value services

9 Innovations

10 Appendix a. Mining & Tunneling cables : by standards & voltage level . P34

b. Glossary . P40

Roof bolter

SURFACE MINING

UNDERGROUND MINING

Dragline Drilling deviceBucket wheel excavator

Ground water recovery

Mobile transferconveyor

Mobile crushingplants

Processing plantconveyor bridge

on crawlers

Pump Reclaimerstacker

Sand dredging

Shovel

Loader Pump

Bucket chain excavator

04

06

08

14

20

26

28

30

32

34

POWERMINE® and TIGER®

operational excellenceand safety

• Reliable, customizedcable solutions to increase economic efficiency.

• Built-in safety to handleshort-circuits, fire, abrasion, impact,crush/breakage.

• Pre-terminated sets, harnessing, splicing, onsite repairs and maintenance.

• Advanced testing facilitiesto ensure durability andworldwide certification.

• Designs for long free-hanging installations, extended links, andtough conditions.

• High flexibility for thevery mobile mining environment, undergroundand surface.

• Technical support for system engineering, fast-delivery, installationand problem solving.

5

POWERMINE® cable�solutions�and�services

POWERMINE®

cable solutions andservices

Mining companies are focusing on long-termgrowth, as well as short-termgains. They would like toenhance their operationalviability and social legitimacy,and this can only be donethrough modernization, industrialization and automatisation of their infrastructure, always withworker and environmentalsafety in mind.

Since cables are the onlymeans of getting power tothe electrical mobile machines, they play an important part in the strategic planning of all mining operators.

Sustainability is a concern,not only in terms of protecting present and future geological assets,but also in obtaining publicsupport in a sector whichraises questions about biodiversity, water-usage,climate change, energy-sharing, international cooperation, and the development of public transport and communications networks.

What mining companiesand specialised miningand tunneling EPCs expect:

• Wide range of cables forall mining applications(power, control and data).

• Turnkey solutions to allowthe complete outfitting ofa mine.

• Ruggedness, flexibilityand longevity in veryharsh environments.

• Pre-terminated cable assemblies for fast installation.

• Full compliance with worldstandards, includingICEA, NEMA, MSHA,CSA, SABS, AS/NZS,DIN/VDE, GOST,AENOR, AFNOR, etc…

• Lab test services and on-site inspection.

• Cable repair workshopand facilities (24/7 hotline) and correspon-ding training.

To meet the extraction, loading and transport challenges of today’s mining companies, Nexans hasdeveloped POWERMINE®

and TIGER® cables andcable solutions for both underground and surface

control, surveillance andmonitoring, often using anactive switch system to provide Power over Ethernet(PoE) to vital equipment.Nexans has also developed submersible cables to handle groundwaterdrainage, and fluorescent/reflective cables to give the night-time visibility of exposed cable.

Mining-related services include testing, onsite repair, training for personnel,and programs to support environmental and social values. Since easy-to-reachdeposits are being depletedworldwide, exploration has moved farther afield to remote locations, often withdesert or freezing conditions.

Nexans high performancecables are designed for challenging environments,and we can also adviseabout infrastructures beyond“pure mining applications”which are increasingly theresponsibility of mining companies: like private communications and datanetworks, self-contained electrical power distribution,short-link rail infrastructureand material handling facilities for loading centersand ports.

sites. Since high performanceand reliable support are essential to economic efficiency, Nexans also provides numerous services based on our proven experience in themining market.

Underground coal cuttercables offer durability andtensile strength, while loader/scooper cablesallow electric trucks to travel long distances in galleries when conveyorsare unavailable. Shaft and gallery cables can be designed for easy installation and superiorfire-performance to protectpersonnel and equipment.

Drilling and tunneling cables give boring machines greater autonomy. Surface miningcables are designed towithstand mechanicalforces and to provide non-stop power supply and reliable control for conveyors,excavators, pontoon-mounted dredgers, electricshovels and draglines.

For both types of mining,composite cables compris-ing optical fibres and cop-per conductors can be integrated for remote

4

Surface mining Underground mining

Tunneling Mining infrastructure and downstream processing plants

Tunneling

Due to their technologicalsimilarities, all dynamicand static tunneling cablestend to be consideredworldwide as mining cables. But in fact tunneling activities are generally rather linked withtransportation infrastructure,like highways', railways' orsubways' tunnels civilworks part.

Mining cables can be dividedinto 3 main categories:

7

Mining�cable�types

6

1 Dynamic excavation mining & tunneling cables these mobile cables (reeling and trailing cables) present

higher requirements in terms of mechanical resistance and flexibilitythan the usual fixed installation cables. For this reason they are designed

and tested according to very stringent national or international standards.

2 Static or semi-static excavation mining & tunneling cables being mechanically less challenged than the dynamic cables, these typically

include shaft or gallery cables for underground mines, or conveyor belt cables, presentsimpler design and construction.

3 Infrastructure cables for downstream processing plantsthese cabling solutions are equipped for crushing, washing or mineral processing plants and

the electrical and mechanical requirements are usually simpler and correspond to general industrial standards.

Remark: tunneling cables are often very similar, and can physically correspond to either of the 3 above mentioned categories.

1

2

3

In many other countries,some national standardsalso exist, and they are stillapplied in the maining industry, but generally onlyat national level. For thisreason the next comparison

tables will mainly summarizeconstruction principles as well as mechanical requirements of Australian,German, South Africanand American standards.

9

International�standards

Nexans Mining solutions

POWERMINE®

All cables, specific components and servicesdedicated to the Mining industry in general are covered by this globalbrand.

TIGER®

Initially deployed in Northern America, thisbrand is recognized as a high class family ofproducts manufactured andtested in full compliancewith the US Standards(ICEA, NEMA, MSHA).

RHEYFIRM® & BUFLEX®

These brands are widelyused across a number ofkey markets within Nexans,including Mining. They have been developedfor reeling applications.

International standards

In many countries, the mining industry globallyhas established a list ofstandards that are aimedat maximizing the safetyand preserving the healthof the workers in all miningoperations.The most recognized standards have been developed in countrieshaving a very long mining

history: Australia, Germany,USA, Canada and SouthAfrica.These standards are managed and regularly updated by the relevantstandardization boards

and bodies in the countryof issue.They are often used andapplied in many othercountries around the worldas a general requirement.

8

CANADA : CSA

GERMANY : VDE

RUSSIA : GOST�R

CHINA :MA

SOUTH�AFRICA NEW�ZEALAND : NZS

USA : ICEA�S-15-38

WORLDWIDE : IEC

FRANCE : AFNOR

UK : BSI

INDIA : BIS

AUSTRALIA : AS

TIGER® brandUS mining products

WC-58

11

Mechanical requirements

Mining Excavation Cables

The following table summarizes the mechanical and ageing cable requirements according to the most relevant standards.

10

CountryAustralia

New ZealandUSA Germany WW South Africa

Standardisation bodies AS / NZS ICEA / NEMA / ASTM VDE IEC* SABS

Reference standard Nr. 1802 and 2802ICEA Standards S-75-381/NEMA WC-58,

ASTM B-172 and B-330250-812 / 813 60502-1 / 2 1520-1 / 2

Physical requirements for sheathing compounds

3808Heavy-duty

HD CPEExtra-HDEHD CPE

Extra-HDEHD TPU

CR5GM5

SE1 RS6

Max. conductor temperature in normaloperation

90°C 90°C 90°C 90°C 90°C 85°C 90°C

Tensile Strength: (minimum)

12.5 N/mm²AS/NZS 3808

1’800 lbs/inch²(= 6.15 N/mm²)

2’400 lbs/inch²(= 8.20 N/mm²)

3’700 lbs/inch²(= 12.64 N/mm²)

15.0 N/mm²VDE 0207- 21

10 N/mm²IEC 60502

15.0 N/mm²SANS 1411-3

Elongation-at-break: (minimum) 300 % 300 % 300 % 400 %300 %

VDE 0207- 21300 %

IEC 60502250 %

SANS 1411-3

Tear Resistance7.0 N/mm minAS/NZS 3808

40 lbs/inch(= 7 kN/m)

80 lbs/inch(= 14 kN/m)

30 N/mm minVDE 0207-21

10N/mm minSANS 1411-3

Abrasion resistance: sheath material volume loss during abrasion test acc. toISO 4649 method

< 5 cm3 < 2 cm3 < 2 cm3 300 mm²VDE 0472

Ageing requirements

1. After air oven test at 120°C / 240 h 100 °C / 168h 100°C / 168h 100°C / 168h 100°C / 168h 100°C / 168h 70°C / 240 h

Tensile strength, based on unaged value8.5 N/mm²

AS/NZS 380850% 70% 50%

± 30 % maxVDE 0472

± 30 % maxIEC 60502

80 %SANS 1411-3

Elongation at break, based on unagedvalue

150 % 50% 55% 75%± 40 % maxVDE 0472

±40 % maxIEC 60502

75 %SANS 1411-3

2. After oil immersion 120°C / 18h 121 °C / 18h 121°C / 18h 121°C / 18h 100°C / 24 h 100°C / 24 h 100°C / 24 h

Tensile strength, based on unaged value 60 % 60% 60 % 60 %± 40 % maxVDE 0472

± 40 % maxIEC 60502

60 % maxSANS1411-3

Elongation at rupture, based on unagedvalue

60 % 60% 60 % 60 %± 40 % maxVDE 0472

± 40 % maxIEC 60502

60 % maxSANS1411-3


* IEC = just for comparison, mainly valid for infrastructure cables

1312

Requirements AS / NZS ICEA VDE IEC* SABS

Reference standard Nr.1802 Underground2802 elsewhere

ICEA Standards S-75-381NEMA WC-58

0250-812 / 813 60502-1 / 2 1520-1 / 2

Conductors materialsTinned Cu Class 5

and special strandingTinned Cu Class 5 Tinned Cu Class 5

Tinned or plainCu Class 5

Tinned Cu Class 5

Typical cross sections 1.5 to 300 mm2 In AWG : 6, 4, 2, 1, 1/0, 2/0, 3/0, 4/0,250 kcmils, 350 kcmils, 500 kcmils

In mm2 : 2.5, 4, 6, 10, 16, 25, 35, 50, 70, 95, 120, 150, 185, 240

Insulation material for MV cables R-EP-90 or XR-EP-90 EPR II 3GI3 (EPR) EPR /HEPR RD3 (EPM)

• Thickness for 0.6/1.0 kV in mm or mils 1.4 to 3.0 mm 1.78 to 2.41 mm 0.8 up to 2.4 mm 0.7 up to 2.4 mm 1.4 up to 2.3 mm

• Thickness for 1.8/3 kV in mm or mils 3.0 (R-EP), 2.2 to 2.4 (XR-EP) 2.2 / 2.4 mm 2.8 mm @ 3,3 kV

• Thickness for 3.6/6 kV in mm or mils5.0 (XR-EP)3.0 (XR-EP)

2.80 mm@ 5 kV 3.0 mm 3.0 mm 3.4 mm @ 6,6 kV

• Thickness for 6/10 kV in mm or mils7.6 at 11kV (R-EP)

5.0 (XR-EP)3.81 mm @ 8 kV 3.4 mm 3.4 mm 4.0 mm @ 11 kV

• Thickness for 8.7/15 kV in mm or mils 5.33 mm @ 15 kV 4.5 mm 4.5 mm

• Thickness for 12/20 kV in mm or mils10.5 at 22V (R-EP)

7.6 (XR-EP)5.5 mm 5.5 mm 6.0 mm @ 22 kV

• Thickness for 14/25 kV in mm or mils 7.49 mm @ 25 kV 6.8 mm

• Thickness for 18/30 kV in mm or mils 8.0 mm 8.0 mm 8.0 mm @ 33 kV

• Thickness for 20/35 kV in mm or mils 10.5 at 33kV (XR-EP) 9.5 mm

Insulation material for LV cables R-EP-90 EPR II 3GI3 (EPR) HEPR RD3 (PM)

Maximum conductor temperature in normal operation

90°C 90°C 90°C 90°C 90°C

Tensile Strength: (minimum)8.5 N/mm²

AS/NZS 38088.3 MPa

8,5 N/mm²VDE 0207- 20

8.5 N/mm²IEC 60502

6.5 N/mm²SANS 1411-3

Elongation-at-break: (minimum)250 %

AS/NZS 3808150%

200 %VDE 0207- 20

200 %IEC 60502

200 %SANS 1411-3

* IEC = just for comparison, mainly valid for infrastructure cables


Construction requirements

Mining Excavation Cables

The following table summarizes the construction of mining cables according to the most relevant standards.

MV trailing cable with rubber sheath and pilot wires

Cable families examples: SHD-GC, acc. to US standards(ICEA / NEMA).See selection table p.36/37

Application examples: 1

MV trailing cable with transparent polyurethansheath and reflective tapes underneath



LV trailing cable with transparent polyurethanesheath and reflective tapes underneath

Cable families examples: XMEU, acc. to South Americandesign.See selection table p.36/37

Application examples:3

MV reeling cable with rubber sheath

Cable families examples: (RTS)-(N)TSCGWTOEUS, in linewith German standards (VDE).See selection table p.36/37


MV trailing cable with rubber sheath

Cable families examples: (N)3GGT5G, according toSouth African standards SANS1520-2 and in line with VDEstandards . See selection table p.36/37


Surface mining

In surface mining you findan array of different cableneeds for both fixed andmobile installations in mineswhere electrification is themain source of power. The main cable requirementis found in reeling and trailing applications. These types of cables areused to feed power to mobile equipment such as excavators, shovels,draglines and drills and

are subjected to rigorousoperational and environ-mental conditions such aslateral movement acrossharsh terrain, twisting, andbending.Nexans’ POWERMINE®

and TIGER® range of dynamic cables offer boththe flexibility and durability to counter such conditions

and innovative designshelp to provide greater levels of safety and productivity. In addition to reeling & trailing cablesyou will find a requirementfor other types of cablesthat are essential in the dayto day operational functionof the mine, such as feeding

power to conveyors andtransformers. For thisNexans’ POWERMINE®

and TIGER® range of semi-static and static cables are offered andwhere necessary integrateboth fibre optic and/orcontrol cables to maximiseefficiency and cost.

1 2

12

5

1 4

25

1

15

MOBILE CABLE:REELING CABLES

14

5

25

1

1

2

3

5

21

4

3 5

4

5

Surface�mining

1716

Example of reeling or trailing dynamic (mobile) cable, used as well in surface mining as in underground mining (Type SHD-GC according to ICEA /NEMA / MSHA)

17

Reeling and trailingmobile mining cables:key features &constructions

Rubber or polyurethanesheathed cables are the natural choice for applications where durability, flexibility, andsafe operation under extreme environmentalconditions are important.Nexans’ POWERMINE®

and TIGER® Brand range ofcables have demonstratedtheir robustness in thousands

of operations, and presentthe best features and the broadest range of miningcables offered around theworld. In all countrieswhere the mining industryhas experienced a verylong historical develop-ment, many well defined standards or guidelines govern the manufactureand the application of dynamic, semi-static andstatic mining cables.

Innovation in work practices,with increasing number of

at ensuring that all cablessupplied will operate reliably and safely underall kinds of difficult conditions. Personnel oftenwork close to energised cables, especially in underground mines. The cable construction andmaterials must be selectedto provide maximum safety during both normal operation and in the caseof cable failure.

excavation equipment operating at always highervoltages, has required thecontinued development of new rubber or polyurethane sheathedcable designs. The key objective of all develop-ment programs for severaldecades was always thecontinuous improvement ofthe reliability and safety ofall cables designs. Themajor design responsibilityfor POWERMINE® andTIGER® Brand range aims

16

Conductors

• Key features:1. Flexibility and

mechanical strength forvery heavy-duty reeling orflexing cables.

2. Electrical properties.• Construction: stranded tinned or plain annealed copper wires,high flexibility (Class 5 or 6).

Insulation


mechanical strength forvery heavy-duty reelingor flexing cables.

2. Long lasting insulationproperties > very lowpartial discharges despite repeated bendings / reelings.

• Construction: polymericcompounds with superiorproperties. Ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPR)and terpolymer (EPDM).

Option: Reflective tapes

• Key features:1. Reflective tapes

underneath transparentTPU sheath : patentedsolution enabling the application of reflectivetapes mechanically protected by the outersheath.

Option: Reflective stripes

• Key features:2. Reflective stripe applied

at the surface of a coloured or black rubbersheath.

Screens


mechanical strength forvery heavy-duty reelingor flexing cables for themetallic elements.

2. Long lasting mechanicalstrength for the colourednylon twine.

• Construction: helically applied layer of wires, acomposite textile and tinnedcopper wire braid, semi-conductive elastomer, or acombination of the latter.

Sheath

• Key features:1. Protect the underlying

core assembly from mechanical, chemical, orother environmental damage

2. Long lasting mechanicalstrength despite repeatedbending or reeling cycles.

• Construction: Polychloroprene (PCP), chlorosulphonated polyethylene (CSP), or chlorinated polyethylene(CPE).

Pilot wires

• Key features:1.Flexibility for the copperwires.

2. Long lasting insulationproperties and flexibilityfor the insulations.

• Construction: generallyclass 5 small cross-sectioncopper wires with rubber insulation.

• High modulus polypropylene available.

Reinforcement and anti-torsion layer

• Key features:1. Strong resistance to

torsion, in order to protect the integrity of theinsulated power andcontrol wires

2. Long lasting mechanicalstrength despite repeatedbending or reeling cycles.

• Construction: helically applied double layer of synthetic wires.

Core assembly lay lengthSpecially designed for eachapplication.

Surface�mining

Bedding


mechanical strength forvery heavy-duty reelingor flexing cables for themetallic elements

2. Long lasting mechanicalstrength strong cohesionwith the conductors, theeventual anti-torsionlayer and the outersheath.

• Construction: extruded rubber or polyurethanelayer, depending upon thecomposition of the outersheath.

1918

ApplicationOceania Standards AS /NZS In line with GERMAN Standards VDE South African Standards SABS USA Standards ICEA

MV LV MV LV MV LV MV LV

Bucket Wheel ExcavatorType

OLEX® 450POWERMINE®

(N)TSCGEWTOEUSPOWERMINE®

(N)SSHOEU up to Type POWERMINE®

633 & ECCType POWERMINE®

61 A/B or 41TIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC, W, G-GC

Bucket Chain ExcavatorPOWERMINE®


(N)SSHOEUup to Type POWERMINE®



SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC, W, G-GC

Mobile Transfer ConveyorsType OLEX® 441& OLEX® 455

POWERMINE®


(N)SHTOEUup to Type POWERMINE®



SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC, W, G-GC

Conveyor BeltsType OLEX® 441or OLEX® 455

POWERMINE®

F-(N)TSCGEWOEUS POWERMINE®

NSSHOEUup to Type POWERMINE®



SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC, W, G-GC

DraglinesType OLEX® 409,

OLEX® 441or OLEX® 450

POWERMINE®

(N)TSCGEWOEUS up to Type POWERMINE®


61 A/BTIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC

Drilling devices TypeOLEX® 409

POWERMINE®

(N)SHTOEUType POWERMINE®

61 A/BTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC

Ground water recoveryType OLEX® 409,

OLEX® 441or OLEX® 450

TypeOLEX® 409

or 241

POWERMINE®

TMP-(N)TSWOEUPOWERMINE®

TMP-(N)SHOEUType

POWERMINE® 63 or 66Type POWERMINE®

61 A/BTIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC, W, G-GC

Mobile Crushing Plants Type OLEX® 409POWERMINE®


NSSHOEUup to Type POWERMINE®



SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC, W, G-GC

Processing plantconveyor bridge on crawlers

Type OLEX® 455,OLEX® 441 orOLEX® 440

POWERMINE®




61 A/BTIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC

Reclaimer StackerType OLEX® 455,OLEX® 441 orOLEX® 440

POWERMINE®




61 A/BTIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC

Rope ShovelsType OLEX® 409or OLEX® 441

POWERMINE®

(N)TSCGEWTOEUSup to Type POWERMINE®


61 A/BTIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC

Sand dredgingPOWERMINE®

(N)TSCGEWOEUSPOWERMINE®

(N)SSH(C)OEUTIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC, W, G-GC

SpreaderPOWERMINE®

(N)TSCGEWTOEUSTIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC

PumpsType

OLEX® 409or 241

TIGER® BrandSHD-GC

TIGER® BrandSHD-GC, W, G-GC

Recommended cable types according to applications & standards

* Full product range : see page 34-39

Surface�mining


Cable families examples: (N)TSCGEWTOEUS, in linewith German standards (VDE)or SHD-GC (ICEA/NEMA).See selection table p.36/37


MV gallery cable with steel braid and PVC sheath

Cable families examples: (N)3GHSSYCY, in line withGerman standards (VDE) or MP-GC (ICEA/NEMA)See selection table p.36/37


MV shaft cable with PVC sheath

Cable families examples: (N)3GSEYRRGY, in line withGerman standards (VDE).See selection table p.36/37


Optical fibre cable

Cable families examples: OFE-MZ for mining applications,acc. to German standards.See selection table p.36/37


Underground mining

In underground mining youfind an array of differentcable needs for both fixedand mobile installations inmines where electrificationis the main source ofpower. Here the require-ment covers both fixed andmobile installations. Formobile equipment such aslongwall shearers, conti-nuous miners, and loaders,Nexans’ POWERMINE®

and TIGER® range of dynamic cables offers thenecessary flexibility anddurability to meet operational conditions.

Shafts and galleries areoften unique in design andconstruction. Rock quality,concrete covered wall & ceiling conditions can ofteninfluence the cable design toensure the safe installation ofthe cables using either singlepoint suspension, clampingpoints and other installationmethods.

In addition to its dynamic,static and semi-static rangeof cables, Nexans offers itsinnovative free hanging technology for vertical shaftsand expertise in brakingdrums, pulleys and other installation tools.

Another key area for under-ground mining where cables are an integral requirement, are fixed installations such as shaftand gallery. Mechanicalproperties here are essentialin ensuring the safety of theworkforce.

Nexans’ POWERMINE®

and TIGER® range of staticand semi static cables offersecurity in construction andinnovative designs.

1. Thermoplastic insulation2. Thermoplastic sheath3. Free hanging shaft

technology4. Armouring with various

designs:a) steel wires or steel

tapes for horizontalgallery cables.

b) round or flat steel wiresfor vertical shafts, upto 1500 m depth.

20 21

VERTICAL SHAFTCABLE CLAMPING

GALLERY CABLES

2

1

3

1

4

3

3

2 4

REINFORCED PULLEYSFOR VERTICAL LAYING

24

Remark : for reeling cables, see under Surface mining (valid for underground mining as well)

Underground�mining

2322

Static cable : key features & constructionsFor typical static applications, cross-linkedinsulations and thermoplasticsheaths are generally specified, as well as semi-rigid conductors (Class 2).

Depending upon the instal-lation method and positionof the cable (vertical or horizontal), it will have tobe more or less stronglyreinforced to withstand the rough environment orthe challenging installationtechnique. For this, differenttypes of constructions areused, mainly differing by the type, size and resistance of the armour.

The historical evolution ofunderground mining hasled to a strong increase ofthe vertical shafts depth,combined with high requirements in terms of safety factors.

For example it is often required that the steel armour tensile strength mustbe 5 times higher than thecable weight calculated forthe free hanging portion.These factors can lead tovery high tensile strengths,up to more than 70 metrictons (83 short tons).

Cable design has evolvedwith the development ofbetter insulation compounds, sometimes allowing wall thickness reductions to reduce thecable weight, and alsowith the introduction ofcontinuously reinforcedsteel qualities, in order toenhance the safety factorfor the tensile strength of the cables.

For several decades, the key objective of all development programs has been the continuousimprovement of the reliabilityand safety of all cable designs, both from electricalrequirements perspective,as from mechanical andenvironmental requirementsperspective.


Example of static cable,used in underground vertical shafts either withregular clamping or withsingle-point-of-suspension techniques (Type (N)3GSEYRRGY, inline with VDE Germanstandards)

Conductors

• Key features:Very good electrical andmechanical properties.

• Construction: Annealed stranded semi-rigid copperconductors (Class 2).

Insulation

• Key features:Long lasting insulation properties => very low partial discharges andgood mechanical properties.

• Construction: polyethylene(XLPE) or Ethylene-PropyleneRubber (EPR) with inner andouter semiconductor layers.

Fillers

Fillers (in the picture), but can also be replaced byGround wires• Key features:Long lasting mechanicalstability for the insulations.

• Construction: Generallyclass 5 tinned copperconductors without insulation.

Sheath

• Key features:1. Protect the underlying

core assembly from mechanical, chemical, orother environmental damage.

2. Long lasting mechanicalstrength despite rough environmental conditions(heat, humidity,…).

• Construction: PVC or PEsheath, sometimes halogenfree flame retardant compound required.

Screens

• Key features:1. Flexibility and good

contact with the groundwire

2. Long lasting mechanicalstrength.

• Construction: helically applied layer of wires, orcopper tape, sometimescompleted by semiconductive tapes underneath.

Bedding

• Key features:Long lasting mechanicalstrength.

• Construction: PVC or PEsheath, sometimes halogenfree flame retardant compound required.

Armour

• Key features:High tensile strength, and / or very high crush resistance, allowing to withstand the important radial compression linked either with the laying technique or with the clamping method in case ofvertical position.

• Construction: helically applied double layer ofround or flat steel wires forvertical cables, simple ordouble layer of steel tapesfor horizontally laid cablesor for reduced shaft depths.

2524

ApplicationAustralian Standards AS / NZS In line with German Standards VDE South African Standards SABS Standards ICEA / NEMA

MV LV MV LV MV LV MV LV

Shaft / Shaft sinking AS/NZS 1429.1

POWERMINE®

N2XCEYRRGY or N2XCEYFFGYN2XCEHRRGH

or N2XCEHFFGH(N)3GSEYRRGY

or (N)3GSEHRRGH(N)3GSEYFFGY

or (N)3GSEHFFGH

POWERMINE®

(N)TSRLRLWOEUS

Gallery AS/NZS 1429.1

OLEX®

Type 240 or 241(1100 V)

(16 to 120 mm²)

POWERMINE®

(N)3GHSSYCYor (N)3GSSHCH

POWERMINE®

(N)SSH(C)OEUPOWERMINE®

Type 63 or 66Type POWERMINE®

61 A/B

TIGER® BrandSHD-GCMP-GC

TIGER® BrandSHD-GC, MP-GC

DrillingOLEX®

Type 209

OLEX®

Type 240 or 241(1100 V)

(16 to 120 mm²)

POWERMINE®

(N)TSCGECWOEUSPOWERMINE®



61 A/BTIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC

LoaderOLEX®

Type 240 or 241OLEX®

Type 241 or 275POWERMINE®

(N)TSCGECWOEUSPOWERMINE®




SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC, W, G-GC

Coal cutter LongwallOLEX®

Type 245POWERMINE®

(N)TSCGECWOEUS

POWERMINE®

(N)SSH(C)OEU or (N)SSHCGEOEU

POWERMINE®


61 A/BTIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC

Shuttle Car

OLEX®

Type 275 (1100 V)(Common sizes 25

and 35 mm²)

POWERMINE®

(N)TSCGECWOEUS

POWERMINE®


POWERMINE®


41TIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC, W, G-GC

Roof bolter

OLEX®

Type 275 (1100 V)(Common sizes 25

and 35 mm²)

POWERMINE®

(N)TSCGECWOEUS

POWERMINE®


POWERMINE®


41TIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC, W, G-GC

Continuous MinerOLEX®

Type 241OLEX®

Type 241POWERMINE®

(N)TSCGECWOEUS

POWERMINE®


POWERMINE®


61 A/BTIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC

MonorailOLEX®

Type 241 Superflex

POWERMINE®


POWERMINE®


61 A/BTIGER® Brand

SHD-GCTIGER® Brand

SHD-GC

PumpsOLEX®

Type 409 or 241TIGER® Brand

SHD-GC

Recommended cable types according to applications & standards

* Full product range : see pages 34-39


MV gallery cable with steel braid and PVC sheath

Cable families examples: (N)3GHSSYCY, in line with German standards (VDE).See selection table p.36/37


Tunneling

In the past decades numerous very long tunnelprojects have been developed in a lot of countries, mainly for roador rail traffic and theselong tunnels are oftenbored with tunneling machines whose electricalpowering is ensured byheavy-duty flexible or semi-flex cables very similar tothe dynamic mining cables.

For this reason they areconsidered as being part of the same product range.

However their applicationcan vary from one tunnelproject to another, and bothmain categories of cablesas mentioned in the prece-dent chapters are commonlyused:

A. Static cables can be installed in a fixed manner from the feedingend of the tunnel to theinterconnection pointwith the heavy duty trailing or reeling dynamic cable.

B. Dynamic cables are systematically connectedto the tunneling machine.

26 27

GALLERY CABLES




MV trailing cable with rubber sheath

Cable families examples: (N)TSCGEWTOEUS, in linewith German standards (VDE)or SHD-GC (ICEA / NEMA)See selection table p.36/37


VERTICAL SHAFTCABLE CLAMPING

GALLERY CABLES

3

3

1

2

1 2

3

Tunneling

LV CABLES

OPTICAL FIBER CABLES

CONTROL CABLES

INSTRUMENTATION CABLES

ALLIPHATIC AND AROMATIC HYDROCARBON RESISTANT CABLES

DATA CABLE

sustained conductor temperature of 90°C andfor a maximum short circuitconductor temperature of250°C. Standard BS 6724defines requirements forconstruction and establishestest methods for armouredcables having thermosettinginsulation of rated voltages600/1000 V and1900/3300 V for productionof lower levels of smoke andcorrosive products when exposed to fire comparablewith cables complying withBS 5467.

Standard BS 6346 specifiesrequirements for constructionand describes methods oftest for armoured cable with

PVC insulation of rated voltages 600/1000 V and1900/3300 V.

Cables specified in this standard are intended foruse in fixed installations in industrial areas, buildingsand similar applications.

BS5308-1 and BS 5308-2- Instrumentation cables. BS 5308-1 standard describes requirements forand dimensions of polyethylene insulated cables in pairs with or without screens and optionally incorporating single wire armour or leadsheath with single wire armour.

BS 5308-2 standard describes requirements anddimensions of PVC insulatedcables, in multicore and multipair construction, withor without screens and optionally incorporating single wire armour.

The insulation of instrumentation cables is suitable for operation at voltages up to 300 V r.m.s.core to earth and 500 Vr.m.s. core to core.

Instrumentation cables arenot for direct connection tolow impedance sources,e.g. public mains electricitysupply.

29

Mining infrastructureand downstream processing plants

All downstream processes ofthe commodities extractedby the mining industry require growing capacitiesof grinding, crushing,washing, concentrating, refining plants, whose reliability and productivityis directly linked with theirpower and control networks.For all power, control, instrumentation, compensation, earthing,communication, supervision and measurement applications,Nexans can provide a fullrange of cables coveringall common electrical, mechanical and environmental standards.

Mining infrastructurecables

Construction standards:There are many cable design standards in the industrial sectors, amongthese, IEC 60502-1, IEC 60502-2, BS 5308-1,BS 5308-2, BS 5467, BS 6724, BS 6446,EEMUA 133.

IEC 60502-1 and IEC 60502-2 - Power cableswith extruded insulation andtheir accessories for ratedvoltages from 1 kV (Um=1.2 kV) up to 30 kV(Um=36 kV).

These international standardsare divided in two differentparts, defining construction,

SE1 over sheathed cablesonly when specially required.

BS 5467 - Electric cablesThermosetting insulated, armoured cables for voltages of 600/1000 Vand 1900/3300 V. Thisstandard reference definesconstruction requirementsand gives test methods foran armoured cable havingthermosetting insulation. Cables specified in this standard are intended foruse in fixed installations in industrial areas, buildingsand similar applications.

The insulation and othercomponents are suitable topermit operation of the cables at a maximum

dimensions and test require-ments of power cables ha-ving extruded solidinsulation. IEC 60502-1 isapplicable for cables havingvoltage ratings from 1 kV(Um=1.2 kV) up to 3 kV(Um=3.6 kV), while IEC 60502-2 definesconstruction rules for cableshaving voltage ratings from 6 kV (Um=7.2 kV) up to 30 kV (Um=36 kV). Thesestandards include cableswhich exhibit properties ofreduced flame spread, lowlevels of smoke emissionand halogen free gas emis-sion when exposed to fire.

On fire behaviour, flamespread tests have to be performed on ST1, ST2 or

28

MV CABLES

Mining�infrastructure

Training

End users want to facilitate handling, increase safety,reduce accidents, extendcable life.

As a response to your safety concerns, we organize continuous training programs.

In fact we train over 3,500miners every year. Trainingsessions include layout,cable movement analysis,installation, splicing and repair. Training is done onour premises or by travelling field engineersfor all shifts to reduce overtime and resolve emergencies.

Benefits:

• Improved safety, feweraccidents

• Quicker installation andrepair

• Prolonged cable life andreliability

Onsite Inspections – MineCable-Safe

You want to monitor cablewear in the operating environment to preventbreakdowns. Our meticulous MineCable-Safeprogram concentrates onimproving safety and productivity.

After a pre-inspection review, cables are regularly visually checkedand tested for threats, likeexcessive bend radius, tension, and current overload.

A report includes an over-view of cable deployment,safety and productivity proposals, payback analysis(to estimate possible savings), and training recommendations.

Benefits:

• More equipment uptimeand fewer breakdowns

• Greater productivity forthe mine

• Lower cable costs permined ton

31

Flexible cables in surfacemines, underground mining,tunnelling or other handlingsystems are exposed to extreme mechanical conditions during their operations. Due to this, it is not possible to prevent damages. In order toavoid high cost during unscheduled downtime ofthe cranes, conveyor belts,bucket wheel excavator orany other device, it is necessary to carry out immediate, professionaland reliable repairs in caseof damage of the powercable on site.

In all parts of the world, we have dedicated mining experts who can provide the right solutions in termsof cables and services. They master the development, production, supply and sales of all mining products.

Assemblies

Our objectives are decreased overall costsand enhanced reliabilityfor our customers.

To facilitate on-site assembly, we professionally manufacture our cable assemblies in our plants orin specialized workshops.

Teams of experiencedhandlers assemble cablesand connectors to matchyour exact specifications.

Assemblies are built to perform in your harshestoperating conditions forsurface, underground, reeling and utility applications.

Constructions:

• 2 - 35 kV

• Stress cones and fill

• ID labeling

• Pothead assemblies

Repairs

Our key objectives arehigh quality products occuring less repairs andless downtimes.

In many parts of the world,Nexans offers a 24/7 Repair and Emergency Service available via a dedicated hotline to provide expert advice,technical support and even professional onsite intervention to avoid break-downs. We supply quickrepair kits and can evenmanage your inventory forimmediate delivery.

Benefits:

• Time and money savings

• Replacement-retrieval-disposal

• Operational security

30

Environmental protection

From the retrieval of woodendelivery drums, to the replacement of materials(like lead), Life Cycle Assessment, energy management, and cableretrieval -disposal - recycling,Nexans is dedicated tocreating a safer mining environment to benefit workers, the industry andthe public at large.

Turnkey capability

With our broad range ofdedicated mining cables(energy, data and specialized applications)and our extensive expertisein testing, design, enginee-ring, project planning, installation, logistics, repairand maintenance, Nexanscan add value at everylevel to outfit a completemine cabling solution.

Therefore, Nexans offersan extensive repair andemergency service including:

• fault location

• repair of insulation

• inner and outer sheathrepair

• splicing of cables without increasing outer diameter

• splicing / repair of opticalfibre elements

Added�value�services

32

Fundamentally we distinguish between:

• Clamped cables with regular clamping inter-vals (typically 5 to 10meters), where the highest tensile load applied to the cable isonly effective during thelaying operation.

• Single-Point-of-Suspensioncables (SPS) implies a single attachment point atthe top of the shaft. Here the tensile load ofthe cable is applied

Nexans can supply theseengineering studies aswell as the customizedcable design for every:

• Shaft depth between 10 and 1’500 meters.

• Voltage level between 6 and 35 kV.

• Cross-section between120 and 500 mm2.

• Laying method.

• Clamping or SPS-anchoring methods.

33

Innovations

In the past decade numerous innovations were aimed at strongly improving the visibility and the identification of the mining cables, and for this several important developments were introduced:

Coloured sheaths

Nexans Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE) sheathprovides the physical performance and strengthneeded to resist wear, tear,abrasion and compressioncuts caused by everydaymining use.

This tough, durable sheathis a proven performer inmines throughout the world.Nexans’ engineered cableconstruction includes ataped core with fillers or integral filled and tandemextrusion of the sheathlayers. Two-pass sheaths, extruded in tandem, yieldan inseparable bond between the layers. Integral filling of the cablecore reduces torsion- induced damage.

TPU Jackets

CPE Colours

Colour stripes

Nexans provides additional colour combinations by vulcanising a contrasting coloured stripe into thesheath of our round CPEcables. Shown below area few examples of themany possible sheath /stripe combinations.Consult with your Nexans specialists for a completelist of available stripe options.

Reflective stripes

Nexans reflective Stripescan extend cable life by reducing run-overs in low visibility situations and improve mine safety by providing easier visual circuit identification. For this 2 options exist inNexans product range:

A/ Reflective stripes directly incorporated at the surface of CPE sheaths(TIGER® Brand types withhigh class mold curing system).

B/ Reflective tapes applied underneath the outersheath thanks to a patented transparent polyurethane (TPU) outer layer.

Shaft cables

More and more underground mines reach depths greater than 1 km, and the design, laying techniques and clamping solutions for vertical shaft cables have strongly evolved in the past decades.. Nowadays, almost every newhigh depth shaft needs a customised solution to cope with the transported power, and its corresponding voltage leveland cable cross-section, with the shaft dimension and design (concrete-lined shafts or not) and with the fixture systemrequired.

Example: Shaft cable with double round steel wire armour for typical shaft depths up to 800 meters andwith double flat steel wire armour for high depth shafts(up to 1’500m).

A B

during the whole life timeof the cable installation.In most standardization systems the safety factorbetween the guaranteedtensile strength of thecable and the free hanging length is 5.

For this reason, detailedengineering studies are necessary to determine the right design andconstruction of the cablearmour, in order to:

• Guarantee the necessarysafety factor.

• Enable a safe constructionof the anchoring deviceat the top of the shaft,device which is fixed onthe cable at the end ofthe production in thecable plant.

• Install the cable with itsanchoring device eitherwith a bottom-up pulling,top-down lowering ormaking attachments tothe shaft wall as the reelis being lowered.

Nexans CPE colored sheathshave the identical physical properties of our standardblack sheath. These highvisibility cables can improve mine safety byproviding easy circuit identification.

Stripe options

3534

Recommended application

Possible, but not optimum

Not applicable

Appendix

Stan

dard

sUS

German

Sans

Designation

G-GCGSHD-CGC 3/CSHD-GC 3/C CPESHD-GC 3/C TPUSHD-PGC 3/C LongwallSHD-GC 3/C CPESHD-GC 3/C TPUSHD-GC 3/C CPESHD-GC 3/C TPUSHD-GC 3/C CPESHD-GC 3/C TPUMP-GC 3/C CPEMP-GC 3/C CPEMP-GC 3/C CPEMP-GC 3/C PVCMP-GC 3/C PVCMP-GC 3/C PVCN2XCEYRRGY / N2XCEHRRGHN2XCEYFFGY / N2XCEHFFGH(N)3GSEHFGH (�RG7H1OM1FNM1)(N)3GSEYBY (�RG7H1ONR)N2XCEYFFGY(N)3GSEYRRGY / (N)3GSEGRRGH(N)3GSEYFFGY / (N)3GSEGFFGHNYHSSYCY(RS)(N)3GHSSYCY(RS)(N)3GHSSYCYNTMCGCWOEUSNTMCGCWOEUSNTMCGCWOEUS(RS)F-(N)TSCGEWOEUS(RS)F-(N)TSCGEWOEUS(RS)F-(N)TSCGEWOEUS(RTS)R-(N)TSCGEWTOEUS(RTS)R-(N)TSCGEWTOEUS(RTS)R-(N)TSCGEWTOEUS(RTS)R-(N)TSCGEWTOEUS-OFE(RTS)R-(N)TSCGEWTOEUS-OFE(RTS)R-(N)TSCGEWTOEUS-OFE(RS)TMP-(N)SHOEU(RS)TMP-(N)SHOEU(RS)TMP-(N)TSWOEU(RS)TMP-(N) TSWOEUType 63 Type 66 / ( Type 66 ECC)Type 611 / (Type 611 ECC)Type 633 / (Type 633 ECC)

Standard / Specification

ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58

VDE 0276-620VDE 0276-620 & 0271VDE 0276-620 & 0271VDE 0276-620 & 0271VDE 0276-620 & 0271VDE 0276-620 & 0271VDE 0276-620 & 0271

VDE0250-212VDE0250-605VDE0250-605VDE0250-812VDE0250-812VDE0250-812VDE0250-813VDE0250-813VDE0250-813VDE0250-813VDE0250-813VDE0250-813VDE0250-813VDE0250-813VDE0250-813VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-813VDE 0250-813SANS 1520-1SANS 1520-2SANS 1520-2SANS 1520-2

Construction

Conductors

Nr Cross section range Material Class

3 6 AWG to 4/0 AWG Tinned Cu 53 6 AWG to 4/0 AWG Tinned Cu 53 2 AWG to 350 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 6 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 6 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 2 AWG to 4/0 AWG Tinned Cu 53 4 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 4 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 2 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 2 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 1 AWG to 350 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 1 AWG to 350 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 4 AWG to 500 kcmil Plain Cu 23 4 AWG to 500 kcmil Plain Cu 23 2 AWG to 500kcmil Plain Cu 23 4 AWG to 500 kcmil Plain Cu 23 4 AWG to 500 kcmil Plain Cu 23 2 AWG to 500 kcmil Plain Cu 21 120 - 185mm2 Plain Cu 21 120 - 185mm3 Plain Cu 23 240 to 400 mm2 Plain Cu 23 240 to 400 mm2 Plain Cu 21 95 mm2 Plain Cu 53 120 - 185mm2 Plain Cu 23 120 - 185mm2 Plain Cu 23 25 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 53 25 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 53 35 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 51 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 51 25 to 800 mm2 Tinned Cu 51 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 53 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 53 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 53 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 53 35 to 300 mm2 Plain Cu 53 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 53 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 53 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 53 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 53 35 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 53 50 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 53 50 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 53 50 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 53 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5

Construction

Insu

latio

n

Max

. Co

nduc

tor T

° in C°

Voltagelevel

Screen

Gro

und

or ear

thwire

s

Pilot o

r Gro

und

chec

k wire

Sheath reinforcement Outer sheath

EPR 90 5 kV Hybrid Cotton- CuSn Braid 2 1 - CPEEPR 90 5 kV Hybrid Cotton- CuSn Braid - - - CPEEPR 90 5 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid - - - CPEEPR 90 5 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - CPEEPR 90 5 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - TPUEPR 90 5 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 1 3 - CPEEPR 90 8 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - CPEEPR 90 8 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - TPUEPR 90 15 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - CPEEPR 90 15 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - TPUEPR 90 25 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - CPEEPR 90 25 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - TPUEPR 90 5 kV Semicon + Cu tape 2 1 - CPEEPR 90 8 kV Semicon + Cu tape 2 1 - CPEEPR 90 15 kV Semicon + Cu tape 2 1 - CPEXLPE 90 5 kV Semicon + Cu tape 2 1 - PVCXLPE 90 8 kV Semicon + Cu tape 2 1 - PVCXLPE 90 15 kV Semicon + Cu tape 2 1 - PVCXLPE 90 20/35 kV Cu Wires - - Steel wires + tape PVC or HFFRXLPE 90 20/35 kV Cu Wires - - Flat Steel wires x 2 PVC or HFFREPR 90 6/10 kV Cu Wires - - Flat steel wires HFFREPR 90 6/10 kV Cu Wires - - Steel tapes PVCEPR 90 6/10 kV Cu Wires - - Flat steel wires PVCXLPE 90 20/35 kV Cu Wires - - Steel wires + tape PVC or HFFRXLPE 90 20/35 kV Cu Wires - - Steel wires + tape PVC or HFFRPVC 90 3.6/6 kV Cu wires - 3 Galv. SW Braid PVCEPR 90 6/10 kV Cu wires - 3 Galv. SW Braid PVCEPR 90 12/20 kV Cu wires - 3 Galv. SW Braid PVCEPR 90 6/10 kV CuSn Wires - - - CPEEPR 90 12/20 kV CuSn Wires - - - CPEEPR 90 18/30 kV CuSn Wires - - - CPEEPR 90 6/10 kV CuSn Wires 3 - - CPEEPR 90 12/20 kV CuSn Wires 3 - - CPEEPR 90 18/30 kV CuSn Wires 3 - - CPEEPR 90 6/10 kV CuSn Wires 3 - Synthetic threads PCPEPR 90 12/20 kV CuSn Wires 3 - Synthetic threads PCPEPR 90 18/30 kV CuSn Wires 3 - Synthetic threads PCPEPR 90 6/10 kV CuSn Wires 2 - Synthetic threads PCPEPR 90 12/20 kV CuSn Wires 2 - Synthetic threads PCPEPR 90 18/30 kV CuSn Wires 2 - Synthetic threads PCPEPR 90 1.8/3 kV CuSn Wires - - - CPEEPR 90 3.6/6 kV CuSn Wires - - - CPEEPR 90 1.8/3 kV - - - - CPEEPR 90 3.6/6 kV - - - - CPEEPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV CuSn Wires - 3 Synthetic threads CPEEPR 90 3.8/6.6 kV CuSn Wires -1 3 Synthetic threads CPEEPR 90 6.35/11kV CuSn Wires -1 3 Synthetic threads CPEEPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV CuSn Wires -1 3 Synthetic threads CPE

Typical Application

Surfac

e

Und

ergr

ound

Fixe

d App

licat

ion

Reeling

(Cylindr

ical ree

ls)

Reeling

(Mon

o sp

iral r

eels)

Belt co

nvey

or(fi

xed

installatio

n)Fr

ee tr

ailin

g (h

angi

ng)

OP Ex

cava

tors /

Drag

line tra

iling

oper

ation

UG she

arer

(Cab

lepr

otec

tion

chai

n)

Tunn

eling

Mining & Tunneling cables : by standard & voltage level

Medium voltage cables 1/2

3736

Appendix



Not applicable

Stan

dard

sAustralian

Chinese

Designation

Type 209.3Type 209.6Type 209.11Type 240.3Type 240.6Type 240.11Type 241.3Type 241.6Type 241.11Type 245.3Type 245.6Type 275.1Type 409.3Type 409.6Type 409.11Type 409.22Type 440.3Type 440.6Type 440.11Type 440.22Type 441.3Type 441.6Type 441.11Type 441.22Type 450.3Type 450.6Type 450.11Type 450.22Type 450.33Type 455.3Type 455.6Type 455.11Type 455.22Type 455.33MV shaft & gallery cableMV shaft & gallery cableType AM3T7SType AM3T7SMODType AM3T7Type AM3T7MType AM3T31Type 241Type 245.3Type AM15TMPFType AM10TMPF


AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 2802AS/NZS 1429AS/NZS 1429MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010

Construction

Conductors


3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 25 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 25 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 63 50 to 150 mm2 Tinned Cu 63 16 to 50 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 25 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 35 to 70 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 25 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 35 to 50 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 35 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 25 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 35 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 35 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*3 50 to 150 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*1 16 to 1200 mm2 Plain Cu 23 16 to 500 mm2 Plain Cu 23 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 25 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 25 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 35 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5

Construction

Insu

latio

n

Max

. Co

nduc

tor T

° in C°

Voltagelevel

Screen

Gro

und

or ear

thwire

s

Pilot o

r Gro

und

chec

k wire

Sheath reinforcementOutersheath

EPR 90 3.3kV Composite braid - 1 - PCPEPR 90 6.6kV Composite braid - 1 - PCPEPR 90 11 kV Composite braid - 1 - PCPEPR 90 3.3 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCPEPR 90 6.6 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCPEPR 90 11 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCPEPR 90 3.3 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 6.6 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 11 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 3.3 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 3 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 6.6 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 3 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 1.1 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 3.3 kV Composite braid - 1 - PCPEPR 90 6.6 kV Composite braid - 1 - PCPEPR 90 11 kV Composite braid - 1 - PCPEPR 90 22 kV Composite braid - 1 - PCPEPR 90 3.3 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCPEPR 90 6.6 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCPEPR 90 11 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCPEPR 90 22 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCPEPR 90 3.3 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 6.6 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 11 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 22 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 3.3 kV Composite braid 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 6.6 kV Composite braid 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 11 kV Composite braid 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 22 kV Composite braid 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 33 kV Composite braid 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 3.3 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 6.6 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 11 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 22 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 33 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCPXLPE 90 3.3 to 33 kV Plain Cu wire 0 0 - PVCXLPE 90 3.3 to 33 kV Plain Cu wire 0 0 SWA or DWA PVCEPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 1 3 Synth. yarns CPEEPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 1 3** Synth. yarns CPEEPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 1 3 Synth. yarns CPEEPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 1 3 Synth. yarns CPEEPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV Bronze Braid 3 - Synth. yarns CPEEPR 90 1.1 & 3.3 kV Semicon. elastomer 3 1 - CPEEPR 90 3.3 kV Semicon. elastomer 1 3 - CPEEPR 90 15 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - CPEEPR 90 10 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid - 1 - CPE

Typical Application

Surfac

e

Und

ergr

ound

Fixe

d App

licat

ion

Reeling

(Cylindr

ical ree

ls)

Reeling

(Mon

o sp

iral r

eels)

Belt co

nvey

or(fi

xed

installatio

n)Fr

ee tr

ailin

g (h

angi

ng)

OP Ex

cava

tors /

Drag

line tra

iling

oper

ation

UG she

arer

(Cab

lepr

otec

tion

chai

n)

Tunn

eling

* Indicates that the Conductor is Class 5 up to and including 50 mm2. Larger conductor sizes can be Class 5, but are normally made with a different wire and construction.** Shielded

Mining & Tunneling cables : by standard & voltage level

Medium voltage cables 2/2

3938

Appendix

Stan

dard

sUS Standards

German Standards

German Standards

SANS

Australian Standards

Designation

W flat 2/CW flat 4/CG flat 2/CG-GC flat 3/CW Round 3/CW Round 4/CG-GC Round 3/CSHD-GC 3/C CPESHD-GC 3/C TPUSHD-PGC LongwallSHD-CGC 3/CSHD Flat 3/CFlexible Power Cable DLO EP/CPEVFD Power Cable ShieldedGDrilling Mast cable(RS)TMP-(N)SH(C)OEU(RS)TMP-(N)SH(C)OEU(RS)TMP-(N)SH(C)OEU(RS)TMP-(N)SH(C)OEU(RS)TMP-(N)SH(C)OEU(N)SSH(C)OEU(N)SSHOEU-O/J(N)SSHOEU-O/J(N)SSHOEU-O/J(N)SSHOEU-O/J(N)SHTOEU-JNSSHCGEOEU-VNSSHCGEOEU-ZType AM1T7SType AM1T7SMODType AM1T7Type AM1T7MType AM1T11Type AM1T41Type AMSA41Type 275Type 41Type 61AType 61BType 209.1Type 210Type 275Type 240.1Type 241.1Type 245.1Type 409.1Type 440Type 441


ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58

MSHA P-184ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58

VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-814VDE 0250-812VDE 0250-812MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010MA003-2010SANS 1520-2SANS 1520-2SANS 1520-2AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802AS/NZS 1802

Construction

Conductors


2 8 AWG to 4/0 AWG Tinned Cu 54 6 AWG to 1 AWG Tinned Cu 52 6 AWG to 2/0 AWG Tinned Cu 53 6 AWG to 1 AWG Tinned Cu 53 8 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 54 8 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 8 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 6 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 6 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 2/0 AWG to 4/0 AWG Tinned Cu 53 2/0 AWG to 350 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 2/0 AWG to 350 kcmil Tinned Cu 51 14 AWG to 1111 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 2 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 53 8 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 52 8 AWG to 4/0 AWG Tinned Cu 51 35 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 53 1.5 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 54 1.5 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 5

5-24 1.5 to 35 mm2 Plain Cu 53 50 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 5

3-10 2.5 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 51 2.5 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 53 2.5 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 54 2.5 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 55 2.5 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 53 25 to 95 mm2 Plain Cu 53 16 to 95 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 6 to 150 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 6 to 25 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 6 to 25 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 6 to 25 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 16 to 50 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 6 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 1.5 & 2.5 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 16 to 50 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 6 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 6 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 50 to 150 mm2 Tinned Cu 53 6 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 23 6 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 23 6 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 2



Not applicable

Construction

Insu

latio

n

Max

. Co

nduc

tor T

° in C°

Voltagelevel

Screen

Gro

und

or ear

thwire

s

Pilot o

r Gro

und

chec

k wire

Sheath reinforcementOutersheath

EPR 90 2kV - - - Synthetic yarns CPEEPR 90 2kV - - - Synthetic yarns CPEEPR 90 2kV - 1 - Synthetic yarns CPEEPR 90 2kV - 1 1 Synthetic yarns CPEEPR 90 2kV - - - - CPEEPR 90 2kV - - - - CPEEPR 90 2kV - 2 1 - CPEEPR 90 2kV Nylon – Tinned Cu braid 2 1 - CPEEPR 90 2kV Nylon – Tinned Cu braid 2 1 - TPUEPR 90 2kV Nylon – Tinned Cu braid 1 3 - CPEEPR 90 2kV Nylon – Tinned Cu braid 3 1 - CPEEPR 90 2kV Cotton- Tinned Cu Braid 3 1 - CPEEPR 90 2 kV - - - - CPEEPR 90 2 kV - 3 (1-3) Tinned Cu braid + Al tape CPEEPR 90 2kV Tinned Cu Braid - - - CPEEPR 90 2kV - 1 2-4 - CPEEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Option : (C)=Tinned Cu screen - - - CPEEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Option : (C)=Tinned Cu screen - - - CPEEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Option : (C)=Tinned Cu screen - - - CPEEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Option : (C)=Tinned Cu screen - - - CPEEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Option : (C)=Tinned Cu screen 3 - - CPEEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Option : (C)=Tinned Cu screen 3 - - CPEEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Tinned Cu Wires 3 - - CPEEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Tinned Cu Wires 3 - - CPEEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Tinned Cu Wires 3 - - CPEEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Tinned Cu Wires 3 - - CPEEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV - 1 - Synthetic threads PCPEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV - 1 3 Galv. Steel & Cu strands layer CPEEPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV - 1 3 Galv. Steel & Cu strands braid CPEEPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Nylon – Tinned Cu braid 1 3 Synth. yarns CPEEPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Nylon – Tinned Cu braid 1 3** Synth. yarns CPEEPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid - 1 Synth. yarns CPEEPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid - 1 Synth. yarns CPEEPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid - 1 Synth. yarns CPEEPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid - 3 Synth. yarns CPEEPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 1 3 Synth. yarns CPEEPR 90 1.1 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 3 1 - CPEEPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV - 1 3 Synthetic threads braid CPEEPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV - 1 3 Synthetic threads braid CPEEPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV - 1 3 Synthetic threads braid CPEEPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - 1 3 - PCPEPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - 1 3 - PCPEPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - - 3 - PCPEPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - 3 1 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - 1 3 Open weave braid PCPEPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - - 1 - PCPEPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - - 3 - PCPEPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - 1 3 Open weave braid PCP

** Shielded

Typical Application

Surfac

e

unde

rgro

und

Fixe

d App

licat

ion

Reeling

(Cylindr

ical ree

ls)

Reeling

(Mon

o sp

iral r

eels)

Pumps

Belt co

nvey

or(fi

xed

installatio

n)Fr

ee tr

ailin

g (h

angi

ng)

OP Ex

cava

tors /

Drag

line tra

iling

oper

ation

UG she

arer

(Cab

lepr

otec

tion

chai

n)Tu

nneling

Mining & Tunneling cables

Low voltage cables

• IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers: primary global association of engineers specializing in electricity, electronics and related fields.

• ISO: International Standards Organization.

K

• Kcmil: kiloCircularMil: area unitin the North American system ofsizes of electrical conductors, equal to 1 000 circular mils (CM). Previously known as MCM.

• KV: kiloVolt: unit of measurement of electric voltageequal to 1 000 volts.

L

• LDPE: Low-Density Polyethylene.

• Loader: A loader (bucket loader, front loader, frontend loader, payloader, scoop, shovel, skip loader, or wheel loader) is a heavy equipment machine used in construction and sidewalk maintenance to move aside or load materials such as asphalt, demolition debris, dirt, snow, feed, gravel,logs, raw minerals, recycled material, rock, sand, woodchips, etc. into or onto another type of machinery (such as a dump truck, conveyor belt, feed-hopper, or railroad car).

• Longwall: One of three major underground coal mining methods currently in use. Employs a steal plow, or rotation drum, which is pulled mechanically back and forth across a face of coal that is usually several hundred feet long. The loosened coal falls onto a conveyor for removal from the mine.

• LS: Low Smoke: marking of

cables which prevent the propagation of fire, reducing emission of smoke and halogenacid gas.

M

• MC: Metal Clad: cable reinforced with an interlocked metallic covering, or corrugatedtube.

• MESA: Mine Enforcement Safety Act: Council on Safety and Hygiene for the mining industry.

• MIL: North America Military Standard.

• Mobile transfer conveyors: Mobile Transfer Conveyors (MTC) are « multi use » equipment in open pits. Determined by operational requirements, the design can bedistinguished in fully mobile andsemi mobile, self driven or not, one or two single conveyors, lifting, luffing and slewing of no, one or both conveyors. Mobile Transfer Conveyors are installed between Bucket Wheel/Chain Excavators and the shiftable bench conveyor allowing multi block and multi bench operations to increase the block width and the block height. Thus, increasing the timebetween two shifting operationsof the bench conveyor – results in a higher utilization of the mining system. Mobile Transfer Conveyors are used also as a combination of transfer conveyor to the bench conveyorand direct dumping onto the pitfloor in coal seems with interburden layers. Grasshopperstyle Mobile Transfer Conveyorsinstalled as a chain like one connected to the other are part of waste dumping and Heap Leach Systems.

insulation and outer jacket for flexible cables.

• NESC: National Electrical Safety Code.

• NFPA: National Fire Protection Association: North American association for fire safety, responsible for the NEC publication.

• NM: Non-Metallic Sheathed Cable: Insulated conductors with non-metallic outer jacket resistant to humidity, and fire-retardant; suggested for dry atmospheres.

P

• PCG: Portable Cable Control and Ground Conductors: flexible cable for shafts with control conductors and for grounding, 2,000 volts.

• PCP: Polychloroprene

• PG: Portable Cable Ground Conductor: flexible cable for shafts with phase conductors and for grounding, 2 000 volts.

• Psi: Pounds per square inch.

• Pumps: Water is a constant threat to mining, whether it enters a mine through infiltrationor comes from a storm. Mine operators must be able to manage the water where it is known to exist and quickly alleviate the problems associated with it when it rises unexpectedly. Mine dewateringpumps generally need to pump water horizontally-from a smaller sump to a larger sump or vertically from the bottom of the pit up to the elevation of the mine, and then horizontally to a discharge point. The pumps most commonly found in mine operations include vertical

• Mobile crushing plants:Designed for on-site recycling ofconstruction waste such as concrete debris, stones, damaged soil and felled trees for reuse as construction materials. Mobile crushers are also used for crushing stones at quarry sites.

• Monorail: The monorail cars travel along overhead railings. Monorails are particularly designed for the transport of men and material in branched underground mining operations.

• MP: Mine Power Feeder Cable: mine feeder cable with three-phase conductors and three ground conductors.

• MP-GC: MP-Ground Check: MP with an insulated conductorto verify the continuity of the ground conductors.

• MSHA: Mine Safety and Health Administration: North American branch dealing with safety and hygiene in the mining industry.

• MT: Medium Voltage Cable: cables with solid insulation for voltages of 2 001 to 35,000 volts.

N

• NEC: National Electrical Code:General standards governing electrical products and installations published by NFPA following the guidelines of the OSHA.

• NEMA: National Electrical Manufacturers Association: Association of manufacturers of electrical equipment, supportingstandardization and manufacturing technologies.

• Neoprene: or Polychloroprene,a synthetic rubber used as

41

Appendix

A

• Al: Symbol for aluminum.

• AMSL: Above mean sea level (meters).

• ANSI: American National Standards Institute.

• AS: Australian Standard

• AS/NZS: Australian and New Zealand Standard.

• ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials.

• Auger: A rotary drill that uses ascrew device to penetrate, break, and then transport the drilled material (coal).

• AWG: American Wire Gauge:American size scale for wiring and cables, also known as B&S(Brown and Sharpe) Wire Gauge.

B

• Bituminous coal: BA middle rank coal (between subbituminous and anthracite) formed by additional pressure and heat on lignite. Usually hasa high Btu value and may be referred to as « soft coal ».

• BSI: British Standards Institution.

• Bucket chain excavator:Characteristic for a Bucket Chain Excavator are the bucket chain, the superstructure with counterweight boom/platform, the sub-structure with rail or crawler track undercarriage. A transfer boom is necessary only for block operation.

• Bucket wheel excavator:Bucket-wheel excavators (BWEs) are heavy equipment used in surface mining. The primary function of BWEs is to actas a continuous digging machine in largescale open pit

mining operations. What sets BWEs apart from other large-scale mining equipment, such as bucket chain excavators, is their use of a large wheel consisting of a continuous pattern of buckets used to scoop material as the wheel turns. They are among the largest vehicles ever constructed, and the biggest bucket-wheel excavator ever built, Bagger 293, is the largestterrestrial (land) vehicle in human history according to the Guinness Book of World Records.

C

• CEI (lEC): Commission Electrotechnique Internationale: French name for the International Electrotechnical Commission.

• CM: Circular Mil: area of a wire with a diameter of 0,001 of an inch.

• Continuous miner: A machine that constantly extracts coal while it loads it. This is to be distinguished from a conventional, or cyclic, unit which must stop the extraction process in order for loading to commence.

• CPE: Polyethylene Chloride: a synthetic rubber jacketing compound.

• CSA: Canadian Standard Association: Canadian institution for the certification of electrical and electronic equipment in accordance with the standards published by them.

• Cu: Symbol for copper.

• CuSn: Symbol which denotes tinned copper.

G

• G: Ground: flexible mine cablewith grounding conductors.

• Gallery: a mine shaft or tunnel used for accessing the zone where mineral is being mined.

• G-GC: Ground-Ground Check: flexible mine cable, with grounding conductors and an insulated conductor to verify thecontinuity of the ground conductors.

• Ground water recovery:recovery of fresh water found beneath the Earth’s surface, usually in aquifers, which is often used for supplying wells and springs. Because ground water is a major source of drinking water there is growing concern over areas where leaching agricultural or industrial pollutants or substances from leaking underground storage tanks are contaminating ground water.

H

• HDPE: High-Density Polyethylene.

• Hz: Hertz.

I

• IACS: International Annealed Copper Standard: international standard for copper conductivity(same as 100% for electrolytic reheated copper).

• ICEA: Insulated Cable Engineers Association: current name of the IPCEA (Power), American association for the standardization of electrical conductors.

• lEC: International ElectrotechnicalCommission: international organization in charge of the standardization of electrical producers.

• CV: Continuous Vulcanization: vulcanization process on production line with extrusion.

D

• DIN: German Institute of Standards.

• Dragline: bucket system consists of a large bucket which is suspended from a boom (a large truss-like structure) with wire ropes. The bucket is manoeuvered by means of a number of ropes and chains. The hoist rope, powered by large diesel or electric motors, supports the bucket and hoist-coupler assembly from the boom. The dragrope is used to draw the bucket assembly horizontally. By skillful manoeuvre of the hoistand the dragropes the bucket iscontrolled for various operations.

• Drilling device: is a machine which creates holes in the ground. Drilling rigs can be massive structures housing equipment used to drill water, oil, or natural gas extraction wells, or they can be small enough to be moved manually by one person and are called augers. Drilling rigs can be mobile equipment mounted on trucks, tracks or trailers. The term «rig» therefore generally refers to the complex of equipment that is used to penetrate the surface of the Earth’s crust.

E

• EIA: Electronic Industries Association.

• EPR: Ethylene Propylene Rubber.

40

Glossary

turbine pumps, electric and hydraulic submersible pumps, horizontal multistage centrifugal pumps and horizontal single-stage centrifugal pumps.

• PVC: Polyvinyl Chloride, a compound widely used for insulation and outer jacket.

R

• Reclaimer, Stacker: A stacker isa large machine used in bulk material handling. Its function is to pile bulk ores on to a stock-pile. A reclaimer can be used to recover the material. Stackersare nominally rated for capacityin tonnes per hour (tph). They normally travel on a rail between stockpiles in the stock-yard. A stacker can usually move in at least two directions: horizontally along the rail and vertically by luffing (raising and lowering) its boom. Some stackers can rotate the boom. This allows a single stacker to form two stockpiles, one on either side of the conveyor.

• Roof bolter: machine installing long steel bolt driven into the roof of underground excavationsto support the roof, preventing and limiting the extent of roof falls. The unit consists of the bolt(up to 4 feet long), steel plate, expansion shell, and pal nut. The use of roof bolts eliminates the need for timbering by fastening together, or « laminating » several weaker layers of roof strata to build a « beam ».

S

• Sand dredging: Dredging is anexcavation activity or operation usually carried out at least partly underwater, in shallow seas or fresh water areas with the purpose of gathering up

bottom sediments and disposingof them at a different location. This technique is often used to keep waterways navigable. It isalso used as a way to replenishsand on some public beaches, where sand has been lost because of coastal erosion. Dredging is also used as a technique for fishing for certain species of edible clams and crabs, see fishing dredge. A dredger (or “dredge” as is the general usage in the Americas) is any device, machine, or vessel that is used to excavate and remove material from the bottom of a body of water. For example, a scoop attached to the end of a rope or pole by which a man can draw sediments up from the bottom ofa pond is a dredger. Developing this idea further, a motorized crane equipped with a drag bucket or clamshell (grabber) that is used to scoop material from the bottom of a body of water is also a dredger. The crane could be located on the bank, or perhaps mounted on a barge. If the crane is mounted on a barge, the entire vessel is referred to as a dredger

• SH: Shielded Mining Cable Single Conductor: flexible monopolar cable mines with screen and outer jacket, for heavy use.

• Shaft / Shaft sinking: Shaft mining or shaft sinking refers to the method of excavating a vertical or near-vertical tunnel from the top down, where thereis initially no access to the bottom.

• SHD: Shielded Mining Cable with Ground Conductors: three-phase flexible cable for mines

T

• TW: Thermoplastic Building Wire Moisture (Water) Resistant: Wire or cable insulated with PVC resistant to humidity 60°. 600 volts.

U

• Underground drilling:Underground drilling rigs for mine shafts are special shaft sinking equipment to drill blast holes for construction of shaft mine.

V

• V: Volt: unit utilized to describe electrical voltage.

• VA: Volt Ampere: external power unit for transformers.

• VDE: Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker: German Association of Electrical Engineers.

W

• W: Flexible cables for mines: one or several conductors with elastomeric insulation and outer jacket for extra heavy use.

X

• XLPE: Cross (X)-Linked Polyethylene: cross-linked polyethylene, also known as vulcanized polyethylene of XLP.

with screen and grounding conductors.

• SHD-GC: SHD-Ground Check: SHD with an insulated conductor for the circuit of grounding connection continuitytesting, and two ground conductors.

• Shovels: normally consist of a revolving deck with a power plant, driving and controlling mechanisms, usually a counterweight, and a front attachment, such as a crane (« boom ») which supports a handle (« dipper » or « dipper stick ») with a digger (« bucket ») at the end. « Dipper » is also sometimes used to refer to the handle and digger combined. The machinery is mounted on a base platform with tracks or wheels. Modern bucket capacities range from 8 m3 to nearly 80 m3.

• Shuttle-car: A self-discharging truck, generally with rubber tiresor caterpillar-type treads, used for receiving coal from the loading or mining machine andtransferring it to an undergroundloading point, mine railway or belt conveyor system.

• SIC: Specific Inductive Capacity: dielectric constant of a material, which is the relation existing between a condenser with the material as the dielectric, and the same condenser with air as the dielectric.

• Spreader: Spreaders are mobile, continuous operating dumping machines receiving the material from the shiftable dump bench conveyor via a tripper car or from Mobile Transfer Conveyors.

42

Glossary

Com

ST ©

11/

2014

- Nex

ans - D

ocum

ent p

rinted on

pap

er PEF

C 100

% C

ert. fro

m sustainab

ly m

anag

ed fo

rest.

Global�expert�in�cables�and�cabling�systems

Nexans brings energy to life through an extensive range of cables and cablingsolutions that deliver increased performance for our worldwide customers.Nexans’ teams are committed to a partnership approach that supports customers in four main business areas: Power transmission and distribution(submarine and land), Energy resources (Oil & Gas, Mining and Renewables),Transportation (Road, Rail, Air, Sea) and Building (Commercial, Residentialand Data Centers). Nexans’ strategy is founded on continuous innovation inproducts, solutions and services, employee development, customer trainingand the introduction of safe, low -environmental- impact industrial processes.In 2013, Nexans became the first cable player to create a Foundation to introduce sustained initiatives for access to energy for disadvantaged communities worldwide.We have an industrial presence in 40 countries and commercial activitiesworldwide, employing close to 26,000 people and generating sales in 2013of nearly 6.7 billion euros. Nexans is listed on NYSE Euronext Paris, compartment A.

www.nexans.com/powermine - [email protected]

Nexans - 4-10 rue Mozart - 92587 Clichy Cedex - FrancePhone: +33 (0)1 55 62 70 00 - Fax: +33 (0)1 55 62 78 00

Direct access to our website:

Documents

POWERMINE Mining cable solutions and services A practical ... · 2 3 Coal cutter longwall Continuous miner Spreader Shaft / shaft sinking Underground drilling Gallery Loader Monorail