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Albert Bandura: Self Efficacy

Caitlyn Worry and Rachel Riley

Albert Bandura’s Biography• Born December 4, 1925• Married Virginia Varns in

1952• Two kids: Mary and Carol• Social cognitive psychologist • Professor Emeritus at

Stanford University• Regarded as one of the

greatest living psychologist¹

1974 Elected for 82nd president of APA

1980 Elected as Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

1999 Received Thorndike Award

2001 Lifetime Achievement Award

2004 Outstanding Lifetime Contribution to Psychcology1

2016 National Medal of Science2

James McKeen Cattell Award

Gold Medal Award

Albert Bandura’s Biography

Self-Efficacy

“Self-efficacy is the belief in one’s capabilities to organize and execute the sources of action required to manage

prospective situations.”-Albert Bandura

What Exactly is Self-Efficacy?

• Self-efficacy is the belief in one’s capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to manage prospective situations¹

• Concerned with one’s own personal judgement

• NOT confidence or self-esteem

Four Sources of Self-Efficacy

• Mastery Experiences: performing a task successfully*

• Social Modeling: witnessing other completing a task

• Social Persuasion: persuaded to believe one has the skills*

• Judgments of Physiological States: physical states in which affect efficacy levels¹

Importance of Self-Efficacy

• Cognitive Process• Motivation Process• Affective Process• Selection Process¹

• “People who regard themselves as highly efficacious act, think and feel differently from those who perceive themselves as inefficacious. They produce their own future, rather than simply foretell it.”

-Albert Bandura

Importance of Self-Efficacy

The Study

• Bandura’s self-efficacy• Self-Efficacy in free-throw shooting

Question:Are student’s self-efficacy affected more by their actual

performance of free-throw or by verbal persuasion prior to free-throw shooting?

Hypothesis1. Both sources of self-efficacy used, verbal persuasion and mastery

experience, will increase self-efficacy in participants. 2. The raised self-efficacy will increase motivation and performance.

Rubric

Self-Efficacy (0-10) Efficacy Level

0-2 0

3-6 1

7-8 2

9-10 3

• Evaluated at initial number given, number after persuasion, and number given after the 10 free-throws were attempted.

The Process of Our Study

• Does mastery experiences work better or does verbal persuasion work better?

• How will the different groups of participants differ?

The Performance of our Participants

Student Name Year GenderYears of

Experience Initial NumberNumber After

PersuasionActual Shooting

NumberNumber Given After Actual Performance

Student 1 FR Male 1 4/10 5/10 8/10 9/10

Student 2 JR Male 2 3/10 5/10 4/10 4/10

Student 3 JR Male 6 8/10 9/10 6/10 8/10

Student 4 JR Female 4 8/10 9/10 9/10 10/10

Student 5 JR Female 13 10/10 - 8/10 10/10

Student 6 JR Female 3 6/10 - 4/10 5/10

Student 7 JR Female 0 1/10 2/10 0/10 1/10

Athlete 1 FR Male 9 7/10 8/10 3/10 4/10

Athlete 2 SOPH Male 11 7/10 - 5/10 7/10

Athlete 3 SOPH Male 15 10/10 - 9/10 10/10

Athlete 4 JR Male 16 5/10 6/10 3/10 2/10

Athlete 5 JR Male 12 6/10 7/10 3/10 7/10

W Athlete 1 FR Female 9 8/10 9/10 7/10 8/10

W Athlete 2 SOPH Female 12 8/10 9/10 5/10 8/10

W Athlete 3 SOPH Female 13 4/10 5/10 3/10 4/10

W Athlete 4 JR Female 16 8/10 9/10 6/10 8/10

W Athlete 5 JR Female 16 9/10 10/10 8/10 9/10

The Results of Our StudyStudent Name Initial Level of Self-Efficacy Self-Efficacy Level After Persuasion Self-Efficacy Level After Performance

Student 1 1 1 3

Student 2 1 1 1

Student 3 2 3 2

Student 4 2 3 3

Student 5 3 - 3

Student 6 1 - 1

Student 7 0 0 0

Athlete 1 1 2 1

Athlete 2 1 - 2

Athlete 3 3 - 3

Athlete 4 1 1 0

Athlete 5 1 2 2

W Athlete 1 2 3 2

W Athlete 2 2 3 2

W Athlete 3 1 1 1

W Athlete 4 2 3 2

W Athlete 5 3 3 3

Conclusion

• Both verbal persuasion and mastery experience worked evenly in the study.

• Non-athletes differed from the athletes in their self-efficacy after their performance.

Evaluation of the Study

• Limitations:• Wider range of participants in classification • Time• Variances of baskets that participants shot on

Works Cited

• ¹What Were Albert Bandura's Contributions to the Field of Psychology? (2016, January 06). Retrieved April 04, 2016, from http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/bio_bandura.htm

• ²Albert Bandura to Receive National Medal of Science. (2016). Observer, 29(2). Retrieved April 9, 2016, from http://www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/publications/observer/2016/february-16/albert-bandura-to-receive-national-medal-of-science.html