PowerPoint ® Presentation Unit 68 Heavy Concrete Construction Formwork Plywood Forms Foundation and Basement Forms Patented Ties and Waler Systems Pilaster,

PowerPoint® PresentationPowerPoint® Presentation

Unit 68Unit 68Heavy Concrete Construction

FormworkHeavy Concrete Construction

Formwork

Plywood Forms • Foundation and Basement Forms • Patented Ties and Waler Systems • Pilaster, Column, and Beam Forms • Floor and Roof Forms •

Formwork Construction • Stairway Forms • Prefabricated Panel Forming Systems

Plywood Forms • Foundation and Basement Forms • Patented Ties and Waler Systems • Pilaster, Column, and Beam Forms • Floor and Roof Forms •

Formwork Construction • Stairway Forms • Prefabricated Panel Forming Systems

Unit 68 — Heavy Concrete ConstructionFormwork


An advantage of plywood in form construction is that it can be bent when a curved surface is required.

An advantage of plywood in form construction is that it can be bent when a curved surface is required.



A release agent is sprayed on panels to be used for concrete forms to facilitate form removal. Follow manufacturer instructions for the safe use and application of form-release agents.

A release agent is sprayed on panels to be used for concrete forms to facilitate form removal. Follow manufacturer instructions for the safe use and application of form-release agents.



Outside form walls are erected and rebar is placed prior to constructing inside form walls.

Outside form walls are erected and rebar is placed prior to constructing inside form walls.



Wood braces are equipped with turnbuckles at their lower ends to allow wall panels to be aligned. Turnbuckles are fastened to the ground with steel stakes. A brace plate is used to attach a brace to a waler or stiffback.

Wood braces are equipped with turnbuckles at their lower ends to allow wall panels to be aligned. Turnbuckles are fastened to the ground with steel stakes. A brace plate is used to attach a brace to a waler or stiffback.



All‑steel wall braces may be used to support wall forms. Braces should be properly positioned to provide adequate support.

All‑steel wall braces may be used to support wall forms. Braces should be properly positioned to provide adequate support.



Metal window frames are secured to outside form walls as the walls are erected. The frames remain in place after the form walls are removed.

Metal window frames are secured to outside form walls as the walls are erected. The frames remain in place after the form walls are removed.



Door and window bucks use similar construction techniques. Door bucks do not require a bottom piece with an inspection pocket.

Door and window bucks use similar construction techniques. Door bucks do not require a bottom piece with an inspection pocket.



Rebar is placed after the outside form walls are set and before the inside form walls are erected.

Rebar is placed after the outside form walls are set and before the inside form walls are erected.



Bulkheads may be required in long walls. Bulkheads are made of 1 × 8s or 2 × 4s which are notched around the rebar.

Bulkheads may be required in long walls. Bulkheads are made of 1 × 8s or 2 × 4s which are notched around the rebar.



Form walls are doubled up after the rebar, door and window frames, and utilities have been properly located.

Form walls are doubled up after the rebar, door and window frames, and utilities have been properly located.



Snap ties are used to secure and properly space opposing form walls.

Snap ties are used to secure and properly space opposing form walls.



Internal disconnecting ties are commonly used on heavy walls.

Internal disconnecting ties are commonly used on heavy walls.



Heavy construction panel forming methods commonly use 2 × 4 studs, which are reinforced by walers. Note the snap tie wedges along the walers.

Heavy construction panel forming methods commonly use 2 × 4 studs, which are reinforced by walers. Note the snap tie wedges along the walers.



Studs are not required for some single‑waler systems supported by strongbacks.

Studs are not required for some single‑waler systems supported by strongbacks.



Pilasters provide additional strength to a wall and support the ends of beams. After the wall forms are positioned, walers and studs will be placed.

Pilasters provide additional strength to a wall and support the ends of beams. After the wall forms are positioned, walers and studs will be placed.



When assembling and placing wood column forms, tight joints and strong tie supports around the form are necessary. A cleanout hole is provided at the bottom of one of the sides.

When assembling and placing wood column forms, tight joints and strong tie supports around the form are necessary. A cleanout hole is provided at the bottom of one of the sides.



Scissor clamps are tightened and held in place by cam devices or wedges driven into slots in the clamp.

Scissor clamps are tightened and held in place by cam devices or wedges driven into slots in the clamp.



Tubular fiber forms for round columns have been set in place and braced. Rebar will be set inside the tubes, and then concrete will be placed.

Tubular fiber forms for round columns have been set in place and braced. Rebar will be set inside the tubes, and then concrete will be placed.



Column spring forms are stripped by removing the flange bolts and pulling apart the flanges.Column spring forms are stripped by removing the flange bolts and pulling apart the flanges.



A structural frame for a concrete building may include columns, beams, and girders.

A structural frame for a concrete building may include columns, beams, and girders.



Columns, girders, and beams may be formed as a single (monolithic) unit. Note that the beam and girder join over the column.

Columns, girders, and beams may be formed as a single (monolithic) unit. Note that the beam and girder join over the column.



Concrete is placed at the same time for the walls, columns, beams, and girders of a monolithic unit.

Concrete is placed at the same time for the walls, columns, beams, and girders of a monolithic unit.



This concrete floor system features a slab resting on concrete joists that tie into girders.This concrete floor system features a slab resting on concrete joists that tie into girders.



A flat‑slab floor may be supported by drop panels over the columns.

A flat‑slab floor may be supported by drop panels over the columns.



A flat‑slab floor may be supported by drop panels and capitals over the columns.

A flat‑slab floor may be supported by drop panels and capitals over the columns.



Long pans used for one‑way joist systems rest on 2″ thick soffits supported by shores and stringers.

Long pans used for one‑way joist systems rest on 2″ thick soffits supported by shores and stringers.



Fiberglass dome forms are in place for a two-way joist system. Here, the worker is applying compressed air between the concrete slab and dome forms to loosen them.

Fiberglass dome forms are in place for a two-way joist system. Here, the worker is applying compressed air between the concrete slab and dome forms to loosen them.



Tubular shores and metal beams are commonly used with heavy construction formwork.Tubular shores and metal beams are commonly used with heavy construction formwork.



Metal scaffold shoring is used to support high form soffits.

Metal scaffold shoring is used to support high form soffits.



Engineered wood products, such as laminated veneer lumber (LVL) beams and wood I-joists, provide proper support for form soffits.

Engineered wood products, such as laminated veneer lumber (LVL) beams and wood I-joists, provide proper support for form soffits.



Slab decks may be supported by wood shores and stringers. Wedges placed under the shores or screw jacks attached to the shores provide for vertical adjustment.

Slab decks may be supported by wood shores and stringers. Wedges placed under the shores or screw jacks attached to the shores provide for vertical adjustment.



Rebar is placed over the deck of the floor form. Note the opening for the beam extending the length of the deck.

Rebar is placed over the deck of the floor form. Note the opening for the beam extending the length of the deck.



When constructing first‑floor heavy construction forms over foundation footings, wall forms are first placed, followed by column, beam, and deck formwork. Note reinforcing steel is not shown.

When constructing first‑floor heavy construction forms over foundation footings, wall forms are first placed, followed by column, beam, and deck formwork. Note reinforcing steel is not shown.



Rebar for columns usually extends past the floor and beams that are supported by the columns. Rebar extending from this column will be tied to additional steel placed inside the form for the column of the floor above.

Rebar for columns usually extends past the floor and beams that are supported by the columns. Rebar extending from this column will be tied to additional steel placed inside the form for the column of the floor above.



An outside wall panel is fastened to a previously placed floor using anchor bolts which are embedded in the floor slab.

An outside wall panel is fastened to a previously placed floor using anchor bolts which are embedded in the floor slab.



Rebar extending from the floor level above and below is tied to rebar in the stairway.

Rebar extending from the floor level above and below is tied to rebar in the stairway.



A closed concrete stairway is built between two walls.A closed concrete stairway is built between two walls.



Prefabricated gang forms commonly include walers, strongbacks, lifting brackets, and scaffold brackets. Note the toprails, midrails, and toeboards in place to protect workers against falls and prevent materials from falling from the platforms.

Prefabricated gang forms commonly include walers, strongbacks, lifting brackets, and scaffold brackets. Note the toprails, midrails, and toeboards in place to protect workers against falls and prevent materials from falling from the platforms.



The support for a flying floor form unit is provided by aluminum trusses placed on either side and aluminum beams placed across the trusses. A plywood deck is fastened on top of the beams. Adjustable jacks are used to raise the unit into position.

The support for a flying floor form unit is provided by aluminum trusses placed on either side and aluminum beams placed across the trusses. A plywood deck is fastened on top of the beams. Adjustable jacks are used to raise the unit into position.



Flying forms used for floors or other structural members are set into place by crane. Flying forms used for floors or other structural members are set into place by crane.



Slip forms are commonly used in the construction of tall buildings. Concrete is transported to the upper level of the building and is placed in forms using a pumping apparatus.

Slip forms are commonly used in the construction of tall buildings. Concrete is transported to the upper level of the building and is placed in forms using a pumping apparatus.



The basic design of a standard slip form includes jackrods, hydraulic jacks, cross beams, and yoke legs. Additional features, such as scaffold, are custom made for the structure being erected.

The basic design of a standard slip form includes jackrods, hydraulic jacks, cross beams, and yoke legs. Additional features, such as scaffold, are custom made for the structure being erected.

Documents

PowerPoint ® Presentation Unit 68 Heavy Concrete Construction Formwork Plywood Forms Foundation and Basement Forms Patented Ties and Waler Systems Pilaster,