FABRICATION AND EXPERIMENTAL

INVESTIGATION ON A PARABOLIC

TROUGH SOLAR COLLECTOR

Made by :- Under The Guidance Of ::-Aakash Suresh Mr. Prashant Bagde Ajeet Bind UID: 13393Amrit Kumar Assistant ProfessorRam Kishor Singh Mechanical Department

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION LITERATURE REVIEW OBJECTIVE COMPLETE WORK PLAN WITH TIMELINES COMPONENTS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS OF THE PTSC

SYSTEM DESIGN IN SOLID WORKS ASSEMBLY IN SOLID WORKS PARABOLIC TROUGH SOLAR COLLECTOR SYSTEM FLOW DIAGRAM COST ANALYSIS FORMULAE USED RESULTS AND DISCUSSION CONCLUSION APPLICATION FUTURE SCOPE REFERENCES

INTRODUCTIONSolar Energy collectorsThe device used to absorb solar energy as a heat and then transfers it to the heat transport fluid efficiently. The heat transport fluid delivers this heat to thermal storage tank, boiler, and heat exchange.

LITERATURE REVIEW Manikandan et al. (2012) Thermal analysis was done to evaluate the performance of a PTC by considering the mass flow rate, efficiency, useful energy, and the concentration ratio of the collector.

Barlev et al. (2011) Parabolic trough was the most mature concentrated solar power technology. It can be easily coupled to direct steam generation (DSG).

Amirtham Valan Arasu et al. (2006) Hot water generation system with a well-mixed hot water storage tank. The storage tank water temperature is increased from 35ºC at 9.30 h to 73.84ºC at 16.00 h when no energy is withdrawn from the storage tank.

OBJECTIVE The main objectives of this project is to provide

clean source of power with zero emissions.

To use the solar energy in a more efficient way.

To design and construct a solar collector in order to produce steam or hot water.

To implement solar collector for household purpose as a water heater to save energy and money.

COMPLETE WORK PLAN WITH TIMELINES

COMPONENTS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS OF THE PTSC SYSTEM

Components : Reflector Aluminium trough Mirror trough Absorber Tube Glazing Storage Tank Support Structure Insulation Tracking Mechanism Ball Valve

Measuring Instruments :

Solar Power MeterDigital ThermometerAnemometerRota meter

PARABOLIC TROUGH SOLAR COLLECTOR SYSTEM

Fabricated Aluminium PTSC system with different components

Fabricated Mirror PTSC system with different components

DESIGN IN SOLID WORKS

Support stand

Base stand

ASSEMBLY IN SOLID WORKS

FLOW DIAGRAM

COST ANALYSISComponent Name

 Quantity Cost(Rupees)

Aluminum Sheet 1 755

Mirror stripes 24 1450Glass Tube 1 215

Copper Tube 1 1950Water pump 1 575

Motor(battery, circuit) 1 250Ball Valves 2 120

Storage Tank 1 280

Pipes, Insulation   545Rota meter 1 1300

Digital Thermometer 2 650

Cast iron Sheet   2800Transportation   1000

  Total 11890

FORMULAE USED

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Variation in solar intensity and temperature with time at mass flow rate of 150 LPH on Al Trough

Variation in solar intensity and temperature with time at mass flow rate of 210 LPH on Al Trough

Variation in solar intensity and temperature with time at mass flow rate of 150 LPH on Mirror Trough

Variation in solar intensity and temperature with time at mass flow rate of 210 LPH on Mirror Trough

Variation in temperature difference with time at different trough and mass flow rate

Variation in useful heat gain with time at different trough and mass flow rate

Variation in thermal efficiency with time at different trough and mass flow rate

Variation in instantaneous efficiency with time at different tough and mass flow rate

Variation in overall efficiency at different trough and different mass flow rate

Variation in thermal losses at different trough and different mass flow rate

CONCLUSION The maximum temperature attained from Aluminum at 150 LPH ,

Aluminum at 210 LPH, Mirror at 150 LPH, and Mirror at 210 LPH are 46.1 ºC, 49.6 ºC, 52.5 ºC and 56.7 ºC respectively at 2:30 pm.

Temperature difference is maximum at the Mirror 210 LPH and minimum at Aluminum 150 LPH.

Useful heat gain is found to be maximum at Mirror 210 LPH and minimum at Aluminum 150 LPH.

The maximum thermal efficiency is found to be 34.79%, 25.81%, 32.64% and 24.92% for Mirror at 210 LPH, Mirror at 150 LPH, Aluminum at 210 LPH and Aluminum at 150 LPH respectively.

The maximum overall thermal efficiency was found to be 21.44%, 15.32%, 18.66% and 13.67% for Mirror at 210 LPH, Mirror at 150 LPH, Aluminum at 210 LPH and Aluminum at 150 LPH respectively.

APPLICATION

INDUSTRY NAME APPLICATION PROCESS TEMPREATURE(ºC)

Textile industry Washing 40-60bleaching 50-90

Chemical industry Chemical process 30-80Distillation 50-200

Machinery industry Cleaning 40-80Food and Beverages Washing, Cleaning 40-80

Heat treatments 40-60Other Sectors Pre heating boiler feed

water30-100

Heating of production hall 30-80Pharmaceutical industry

Process steam 150-200

In our experiment we have achieved a maximum water temperature up to 56.7ºC. There are many applications of heated water in industries for different purpose and processes.

FUTURE SCOPE Solar cells can be used in places of absorbing pipe. Teflon coating can be given to the absorber pipes used

instead of black paint. A single highly Reflective Mirror sheet can be employed

in place of Mirror pieces. The diameter and material of the cover tube can be varied

to prevent the heat losses. Can be used for steam generation. Can use different HTF like distilled water, water mixed

with Nano particle, thermo oil, mineral oil and synthetic oil (Therminol VP-I) etc.

The number of covers (glazing) used in a collector is usually one or two.

REFERENCES Sukhatme, S.P. (1984).Solar energy principles of thermal collection and

storage.TataMcgraw-Hill Publications:158-180. B H Khan (2009). Non - Conventional Energy Resources. Tata Mcgraw Hill

Publications International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 International Journal Of Research in Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering

ISSN (ONLINE): 2321-3051 http://www.ijarse.com IJARSE, Vol. No.4, Special Issue (01), February 2015

ISSN-2319-8354(E) International Journal of Mathematical, Computational, Physical, Electrical and

Computer Engineering Vol:7, No:12, 2013 Manikandan, K. S., Kumaresan, G.,Velraj, R. and Iniyan,S.(2012).Parametric

study of parabolic trough collector system. Asian journal of applied sciences. Barlev, D.,Vidu, R. and Stroeve, P.(2011).Innovation in concentrated solar

power. Solar energy materials and solar cells.95:2703-2725. Amirtham Valan Arasu and Samuel Thambu Sornakumar “Performance

Characteristics of the Solar Parabolic Trough Collector with Hot Water Generation System”, BIBLID: 0354-9836, 10 (2006), 2, 167-174.