Upload
ayla
View
70
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
PR E FIXES &SUFFIXES. Prefix. Attaches directly to the beginning of a word Meaning of prefix always remains the same Prefix changes meaning of root to which it is attached Not all words have prefixes. Prefixes. Remember Meaning of prefix does not change - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Attaches directly to the beginning of a word
Meaning of prefix always remains the same◦ Prefix changes meaning of root to which it is
attached◦ Not all words have prefixes
2
Remember◦ Meaning of prefix does not change◦ Prefix does change meaning of the word◦ Not all medical words have a prefix
Prefixes express numbers, measurements, position, direction, negatives, and color
Prefixes are the head of words , derived from pre- meaning before.
They are found at the beginning of words and modify their meanings.
Examples anti / biotic anti / septic
1.1.Prefixes are word componentsPrefixes are word componentsEx: ant (i) – notice the hyphen end of the prefix.
This denotes that a prefix is not a complete word
and another word component must be
attached. antiseptic antibody
2. Prefixes determine the meaning2. Prefixes determine the meaningConsider the following word;Ex: If the prefix Hyper – means excessive: hyper / glycemia
means ............................
Prefixes express numbers◦ None, one, two, three, four◦ Single, double, half
Prefixes express measurement◦ Quantities such as much, many, excessive◦ Multiples without specific numbers
Prefixes express position and/or direction Used to describe a location
◦ May be between, under, around, away from◦ May be upon, over, within, near, middle◦ May be below, behind, above, across
Prefixes express color◦ Color in reactions◦ Color of growths or rashes◦ Color of body fluids◦ Red, blue, green, yellow◦ White, black, gray, purple
Prefixes express negatives◦ May indicate not, without, lack of, against
prefix meaning example
Anti- against antibacterial
Ab- from, away from Abduction
Ad- to, towards, near adduction
Peri- around, surrounding pericardium
Hyper- over, above, excessivebeyond
hypertension
Mal- ill, bad, poor malnutrition
Hypo- deficient hypoglycemia
Bi- two bilateral
Tri- three tricyclic
Poly- many, much polyuria
Post- after, behind postpartum
Pro- before, in front of prothrombin
Sub- under, below subcutaneous
Retro- behind, backward, back
retroperitoneal
Inter- Between, among interscapular
Ex- Out, out of, away from
excision
Intra- In, within intraoperative
Bio- life Biology
Phono- Sound, voice phonograph
Quadri- four quadriplegia
Ante- against antecubital
Dys- bad, difficult Dyspnea
Meta- beyond metastasis
Re- back regurgitation
Greek Latin Meaning hemi semi half,partial hexa sexi six hepta septem seven hyper super, supra over hypo sub under
Prefixes can change the meaning of a word to a negative form
Ex: Normal
Normal ab /normal away from
Word Prefix Negative word
hydrate dede
balanced unun
indication contracontra
infect disdis
toxin antianti
Remember◦ Meaning of suffix does not change◦ Suffix does change meaning of the word
Every medical word has an ending◦ Either a suffix or a complete word
Suffixes make a word a noun or an adjective
If suffix begins with a vowel (a,e,i,o,u,y)◦ Root will attach directly to it
If suffix begins with a consonant◦ Root will need a combining vowel ◦ Before attaching to the suffix
17
Example Word: cardiogram◦ Breakdown of word: cardi/o/gram◦ Root = cardi◦ Combining vowel = o◦ Suffix = gram
Note: Suffix begins with a consonantCombining vowel is needed
18
Example Word: cardialgia◦ Breakdown of word: cardi/algia◦ Root = cardi◦ Suffix = algia
Note: Suffix begins with a vowel◦ Combining vowel is not needed
19
When suffix begins with a consonant◦ Combining vowel is needed to attach suffix to
word root Example: cephalodynia
◦ Breakdown of word: cephal / o / dynia◦ Root = cephal◦ Combining vowel = o (is needed)◦ Suffix = dynia (begins with consonant)
When suffix begins with a vowel◦ Combining vowel is not needed to attach
suffix to word root Example word: cephalalgia
◦ Breakdown of word: cephal / algia◦ Root = cephal◦ Combining form = (not needed)◦ Suffix = algia (begins with a vowel)
Remember
When defining a medical term◦Define suffix first◦Define prefix second◦Define word root(s) last
Suffixes indicate specialties and/or specialists◦May be specialist in a field of study◦May be one who specializes in the
study of◦May be one who treats
Suffixes indicate instruments◦May be an instrument used to view◦May be an instrument used to
measure
Suffixes indicate surgical and diagnostic procedures◦May be surgical puncture◦May be process of recording◦May be process of viewing with a scope◦May be incision into
Medical Suffixes
Suffix Meaning
-ectomy Surgical excision or removal of
-megaly Enlargement
-pexy Surgical fixation, put into place
-plasty Surgical repair
-rrhaphy suture
-pathy disease
Suffix Meaning
-scope Instrument for examining
-scopy Visual examination
-stomy Forming a new opening
-itis inflammation
-tomy Surgical incision into