Practices in Safety, Health and Environment Training: An HR Need – An HR Nightmare

Practices in Safety, Health and Environment Training: An HR Need – An HR Nightmare

Gord Gillis

• Expounding the new ANSI/ASSE Z490.1-2009, Criteria for Accepted Practices in Safety, Health and Environment Training

Practices in Safety, Health and Environment Training: An HR Need – An HR NightmarePractices in Safety, Health and Environment Training: An HR Need – An HR Nightmare

Expounding the new ANSI/ASSE Z490.1-2009, Criteria for Accepted Practices in Safety, Health and Environment Training

This Training Sucks!Putting the boots to bad trainingThis Training Sucks!Putting the boots to bad training

American Society of Safety EngineersAmerican National StandardAmerican Society of Safety EngineersAmerican National Standard

ANSI/ASSE Z490.1-2009Criteria for Accepted Practices in Safety, Health, and Environmental

Training

Who are the trainers in an organization? Is training

common sense?

The Current Landscape & The Road AheadThe Current Landscape & The Road Ahead

• “Hit and miss” doesn’t cut it, have to “get it right” the first time

• Content and Delivery, we must be good at both

• In order to prepare us for the future, training must be effective or we risk being irrelevant

Why is Training Important?Why is Training Important?

The training that you provide your workers in your company can be

characterized by this word

What is training….

Learning Objectives of PresentationLearning Objectives of Presentation

• The current challenge facing training• The importance and need to have standardized

criteria• The management and administrative structure

needed• The standard for developing first rate training

events • The standards for delivery phase• The standard for evaluating effectiveness &

continuous improvement• The standard for documentation and record keeping• Training Tips Time Permitting

Introduction to ANSI Z490Introduction to ANSI Z490

• Starting Point• Training as part of an effective

program• Covers all facets of training - recipe• Use - Internal and External• Complements governmental

requirements

ANSI/ASSSE Z490.1-2009ANSI/ASSSE Z490.1-2009

What’s Inside?• Scope, Purpose, and Application• Definitions• Training Program Administration and Management• Training Development• Training Delivery• Training Evaluation• Documentation and Record Keeping

Annexes:• References• Training Course Development Guidelines• Safety, Health and Environmental Trainer’s Checklist

What is the Scope, Purpose & Application of this Standard?What is the Scope, Purpose & Application of this Standard?

• Scope

• Purpose

• Application

Establishes Criteria

Provide Accepted Practices

Recommended for…

Definitions – What’s in a Word?Definitions – What’s in a Word?

• Certificate• Training Professional• Credit• Learning Objective• May• Shall• Should • Trainer• Training

• Training Course• Training Event• Training Program• Training Provider

For Example, the definition of “Training”For Example, the definition of “Training”

Any activity provided to trainees to gain, improve, or retain specified knowledge, skills, or abilities

What are the Criteria for Training Program AdministrationWhat are the Criteria for Training Program Administration

1. Clear accountability2. Minimum elements3. Resource Management and

Administration4. Program Evaluation

Training Program Administration and

Management

What is meant by clear accountability?What is meant by clear accountability?

CSA Z1000

Occupational Health and

Safety Management

What are the minimum elements of a training program?What are the minimum elements of a training program?

• Training development• Training delivery• Training evaluation• Program documentation• Written training program

What is meant by Resource Management & Administration?What is meant by Resource Management & Administration?

• Personnel are supported• Budgets• Personnel• Laws are met• Technical expertise and

information• Suitable facilities• Technology and equipment• Records

What do we mean by evaluating the training program?What do we mean by evaluating the training program?

Training program managementTraining organization & AdminTraining processTraining results

What do you do when the gap is too great?What do you do when the gap is too great?

What is the process of Training Development?What is the process of Training Development?

• Needs Assessment• Learning Objectives• Adult Learning Principles• Course Design• Evaluation Strategy• Criteria for Completion• Continuous Improvement

Training Development

Training is not always the answerTraining is not always the answer

• Sometimes it is• Sometimes it is isn't• Sometimes it is part of

an overall plan

In fact…….it may be the last resort

Is Training the Correct

Response?

• Audience• Knowledge• Job review• Site Specific Info• Trainee• Previous Training• Regulation

What is a Training Needs Assessment?What is a Training Needs Assessment?

What are Learning Objectives?What are Learning Objectives?

• What are they?• What do they include?• They must be SMART

What’s involved in Course Design?What’s involved in Course Design?

• Delivery Method• Content• Instructional Materials• Trainer’s Guide• Physical Environment• Time Allocation• Trainer Criteria

Trainer’s Guide Includes:• outline• learning objectives• prerequisites• scheduled time for instruction• required training aids and

handouts• physical environment

requirements• emergency evacuation

procedures• evaluation tools• list of reference materials• date of publication• revision date.

What is my Evaluation Strategy?What is my Evaluation Strategy?

Written Tests

Observation

Assignments

Practical Exam

Oral Tests

Case Studies

What is the Criteria for Completion of the Training?What is the Criteria for Completion of the Training?

• Ahead of time• Qualitative• Requirements for

Participation• Failure to complete

– What if they fail and fail?

What about Continuous Improvement?What about Continuous Improvement?

• Periodic• Look Here• What’s Next

• Observations• Laws, Standards,

Codes and Guides• Course Evaluations• Tests• Interview

management and staff

Training Delivery – What are the Trainer CriteriaTraining Delivery – What are the Trainer Criteria

• What Makes a Trainer Good?

• What Makes a Trainer Bad?

Training Delivery

What are the Trainer Criteria?What are the Trainer Criteria?

1. Subject Mater Expertise

4. Document Qualifications

2. Training Delivery Skills

3. Continuing Education

Methods and Materials: What is the Role of the Trainer?Methods and Materials: What is the Role of the Trainer?• Planning and preparation prior to

delivery• Managing the learning

environment• Effective use of delivery aids and

learning technologies• Application of appropriate adult

learning principles• Feedback and communication –

Not always

Training DeliveryTraining Delivery

Training Evaluation – What do you want to know?Training Evaluation – What do you want to know?

• Did they learn it?• Did I teach it?• Are they happy?• Did it work?

What are some Evaluation Approaches?What are some Evaluation Approaches?

1. Reaction Survey

2. Evaluation of Knowledge,

Skills and Abilities

3. Observation of Performance

4. Organizational Results

A Reminder on Continuous ImprovementA Reminder on Continuous Improvement

Evaluation Training Program

Separate Training from Supervision Separate Training from Supervision

My mother used to say, “If it is not broken, don’t fix it”

What happens when workers know more about something than supervisors?

Is this supervision or training?Is this supervision or training?

DocumentationDocumentation

If you can’t prove it, you didn’t do it!

What about Documentation and Record Keeping?What about Documentation and Record Keeping?

• Retrievable, readily identifiable, and maintained in an orderly manner

• Current, accurate, legible, and dated• Retained for a specified period• Meet applicable legislative or

regulatory requirements

What kind of Records do you want to Keep?What kind of Records do you want to Keep?

• Research & Development

• Class Lists and Summaries

• Course Evaluations & Tests

• Development Records

• Delivery Records

• Evaluation Records

How do you balance Confidentiality and Availability?How do you balance Confidentiality and Availability?

Safe Assessable

What’s on a Certificate?What’s on a Certificate?

• trainee’s name• course title• date and hours of instruction• a statement that the trainee has

successfully completed the course

• name and address of the training provider

• date the periodic refresher is due (if required) or expiration date

• unique trainee identification number

• level of training or type of certificate awarded (if applicable)

• other information required by regulation

• number of credits, if issued• signature of the trainer or

training provider

AnnexesAnnexes

A. ReferencesB. Training Course

Development GuidelinesC. Safety, Health and

Environmental Trainer’s Checklist

Annex - ReferencesAnnex - References

• ISO 9001, Quality Management Systems – Requirements.• ISO 14001, Environmental Management Systems – Requirements with Guidance

for Use.• ISO 14004, Environmental Management Systems – General Guidelines on

Principles, Systems and Support Techniques.• ANSI/ASQC Z1.11, Quality Assurance Standards – Guidelines for the Application

of ANSI/ASQC Q9001 or Q9002 to Education and Training Institutions.• ANSI/AIHA Z10, American National Standard for Occupational Health and Safety

Management Systems• ANSI/IACET 1, Standards for Continuing Education and Training. ANSI/ISO/ASQ

Q9001, Quality Management Systems Requirements. NIOSH 98-145, Assessing Occupational Safety and Health Training. NIOSH 99-142, A Model for Research on Training Effectiveness. OHSAS 18001, Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series

• OSHA 2254, Training Requirements in OSHA Standards and Training Guidelines.• Criteria and Guidelines for Use of the Continuing Education Unit. Council on the

Continuing Education Unit; Silver Spring, Maryland, 1979.• Kirkpatrick, Donald L. and James D. Kirkpatrick, Evaluating Training Programs:

The Four Levels. Berrett-Koehler Publishers; San Francisco, California, 2006.• Parry, Scott B., Evaluating the Impact of Training: A Collection of Tools and

Techniques. American Society for Training & Development; Alexandria, Virginia, 1997.

Annexes – Training Course Development GuidelinesAnnexes – Training Course Development Guidelines

• Course Development Procedures

• Steps in Course Development• Determine Training

Requirements• Data Collection/Needs

Analysis• Review a Job Analysis• Ensure course relevancy in

the organizational plan

• Write Learning Objectives• Select and Sequence Course

Content• Select and Prepare Training Aids• Determine Trainer Requirements• Set Course Prerequisites• Develop Training Materials• Course Outline• Trainer Guide• Establish Time Allocations

Steps in Course DevelopmentSteps in Course Development

1. determine training requirements2. select training objectives3. translate training objectives into performance terms4. construct appropriate criterion measures5. select and sequence the course content6. select instructional strategies and methods7. determine equipment requirements8. determine the number and type of trainers required9. establish course prerequisites10. identify and procure training aids11. develop instructional materials12. establish time allocations13. evaluate the course in trial operation14. analyze test results and take actions indicated15. follow up on course graduates

Data Collection & Needs Analysis: Turning Questions into AnswersData Collection & Needs Analysis: Turning Questions into Answers

• on-site job task analysis• jobholder interviews and

observations• jobholder questionnaires• job supervisor questionnaires• management interviews• surveys of injuries, illnesses,

and near misses• applicable regulations

Trainer’s ChecklistTrainer’s Checklist

• Training Delivery• Planning and Preparation• Special Issues Involved in

Different Training Delivery Techniques– A. On-the-Job Training– B. Traditional Training– C. Advanced Technology Training

• Other Considerations for Trainers• Key Points of Delivery

Training Delivery - Hallmarks of an Effective TrainerTraining Delivery - Hallmarks of an Effective Trainer

• Establishes a positive atmosphere• Creates an environment for participation• Describes his or her role • Express priority is meeting the trainees’ learning

needs• Describes learning objectives• Presents agenda• Makes good use of training aids and materials• Uses all materials and aids designed for the course• Encourages class participation• Has backup plans in place• Ability to manage the physical facility so that learning

is promoted.

Key Points of DeliveryKey Points of Delivery

• Introduction– Present the overall Picture

• Main Body– Present required and desired

information

• Conclusion– Should be planned and rehearsed

Trainer’s ChecklistTrainer’s Checklist

Training TipsTraining Tips

• Short and attention-keeping videos

• Clear and legible overheads

• Keep lights on• Ensure equipment is

working properly

• Write clearly on dry erase boards or flip charts

• Use multiple colors to keep the objects understandable

• Practice writing / drawing

Training TipsTraining Tips

• Do not face screen, board, or flip chart when speaking – face the audience

• Check spelling on documents before class

• Ensure markers are working properly

• Show actual PPE• Have Handouts ready• Pictures, posters, and

other visuals help

Presentation TipsPresentation Tips

• Don’t chew gum, candy or ice

• Maintain good eye contact with class

• Empty pockets of keys and coins

• Know your material – if you don’t know the answer, say so

Presentation TipsPresentation Tips

• Ask the class questions• Use an outline or notes• Speak slowly and clearly• Be aware of hand gestures• Be aware of pacing• Keep the class on track

ConclusionConclusion

• Effective training is the strength of the bridge spanning the valley between what is unknown and what must be practiced. The stronger the bridge, the more likely you are to succeed.

– Gordon Gillis

Questions?Questions?