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Pre-Feasibility Report (As Per The Provision Of EIA Notification 2006)

for

Proposed Up-gradation of Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport(CSIA)

Mumbai

By

Mumbai International Airport Limited (MIAL)

Submitted To

Ministry Of Environment, Forests And Climate Change New Delhi

February , 2016

Proposed Up-gradation of Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport (CSIA) - Project Feasibility Report (PFR)

Page 2 of 52

Contents

1.0 Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................. 05

2.0 Introduction to Project ....................................................................................................................... ....11

2.1 Background .........................................................................................................................................11

2.2 Identification of Project and Project Proponent: ............................................................................12

2.2.1 Project Proponent ....................................................................................................................12

2.2.2 Identification of Project ...........................................................................................................12

2.3 Need for the Project and its Importance to the Country ...............................................................13

2.4 Air Traffic at CSIA .................................................................................................................................14

2.5 Economic Impact of CSIA and Employment Generation.............................................................15

3.0 Project Description ................................................................................................................................... 18

3.1 Type of Project .....................................................................................................................................18

3.2 Location ...............................................................................................................................................18

3.3 Alternate Sites Considered .................................................................................................................18

3.4 Modernization of CSIA – Present Status ............................................................................................18

3.5 Upgradation Program – Proposed Project .......................................................................................30

3.6 Justification for the Projects (Completion of Projects Approved in EC 2007)................................. 30

3.6.1 Terminal T2 – SE & NW Piers ....................................................................................................30

3.6.2 Cargo Terminals ......................................................................................................................34

3.6.3 Aprons.......................................................................................................................................36

3.6.4 Taxiway development............................................................................................................37

3.6.5 Airport Facilities .......................................................................................................................37


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3.7 Justification for Projects : New/Fresh Projects...............................................................................40

3.7.1 Vehicle under Pass under Runway 14/32..............................................................................40

3.7.2 Extension of Taxiway M ......................................................................................................... 41

3.7.3 New ATC Tower at Kalina .....................................................................................................42

4.0 Site Analysis .................................................................................................................................................... 43

4.1 Connectivity to CSIA ...........................................................................................................................43

4.2 Land Form, Land Use and Land Ownership .....................................................................................43

4.3 Topography .........................................................................................................................................43

4.4 Existing Land Use Pattern ....................................................................................................................43

4.5 Existing Infrastructure and Amenities ................................................................................................43

4.6 Soil Classification .................................................................................................................................43

4.7 Climatic Data and Secondary Sources ............................................................................................44

4.8 Social Infrastructure Available ...........................................................................................................44

5.0 Planning .......................................................................................................................................................... 45

6.0 Proposed Utility Infrastructure ..................................................................................................................... 46

7.0 Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R) .................................................................................................... 49

8.0 Project Schedule and Cost Estimate ......................................................................................................... 51

9.0 Analysis of Proposal ...................................................................................................................................... 52


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List of Tables

Table 2.1 - Existing and projected passenger traffic pax (x1,000,000) at the airport ................................................. 14

Table 2.2 - Existing And Projected Aircraft Movement .............................................................................................. ......14

Table 2.3 - Existing and projected cargo ......................................................................................................................15

Table 3.1 - Details of proposed upgradation ................................................................................................................32

Table 3.2 - Taxiway works as per moef clearance 2006 (sqm) ...........................................................................................

Table 4.1 - Soil analysis results ............................................................................................................................................. 434

Table 5.1 - Distribution of population ..............................................................................................................................45

Table 6.1 - Ultimate water demand at CSIA...................................................................................................................... 46

Table 6.2 - Sewage Generation ........................................................................................................................................... 46

Table 6.3 - STP details ............................................................................................................................................................. 47

Table 6.4 - Power requirement ............................................................................................................................................. 48

Table 6.5 - Emergency power requirement ....................................................................................................................... 48

Table 8.1 - Project schedule and cost estimate ............................................................................................................. ..52

List of Figures

Figure 2.6 – Location of CSIA .............................................................................................................................................19

Figure 2.7 - 10 km radius study area of CSIA ....................................................................................................................20

Figure 2.8 - Terminal T2, CSIA...............................................................................................................................................22

Figure 2.9 - Completed Projects & Existing facilities of CSIA...........................................................................................24

Figure 3.0 - General Aviation apron located South of Main Runway...........................................................................26

Figure 3.1 - Existing Roadway layout and proposed Metro Line 3 Stations at CSIA....................................................29

Figure 3.2 - NW Pier Development ....................................................................................................................................31

Figure 3.3 - NW & SE Pier Development ............................................................................................................................31

Figure 3.4 - Proposed Upgradation Projects, CSIA ..........................................................................................................33

Figure 3.5 - Existing International Cargo Complex, Sahar, CSIA.....................................................................................35

Figure 3.6 - Proposed integrated Cargo Development, Sahar, CSIA ...........................................................................35

Figure 3.7 - Existing Route between T2 to T1 Apron .........................................................................................................40

Figure 3.8 - Proposed vehicular Under Pass –Plan ...........................................................................................................40

Figure 3.9 - Proposed Vehicular Under Pass – Detail Plan ..............................................................................................41

Figure 3.10- Proposed Taxiway Extension & Bridge – Plan ..............................................................................................42

Figure 4.1 - Soil analysis results...........................................................................................................................................44

Figure 6.1 - Water balance chart ....................................................................................................................................47

Figure 7.1 - Slum Areas at CSIA ........................................................................................................................................50


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1.0 Executive Summary

Mumbai International Airports Limited (MIAL), a Company under Indian Companies Act, was

entrusted to develop and operate CSIA under a Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode for a

period of 30 years, extendable for another 30 years. Mumbai International Airport Limited, a

subsidiary of GVK Airport Holdings Private Limited is a joint venture between Airports Authority

of India (AAI) and GVK led Consortium comprising of GVK Airport Holdings Private Limited

(GVKAHPL), ACSA Global Limited (ACSA) and Bid Services Division (Mauritius) Limited (“GVK

Consortium”).

MIAL entered into Operation, Management and Development Agreement (OMDA) with the

Airports Authority of India (AAI) on April 4, 2006 for operating, maintaining, developing,

designing, constructing, upgrading, modernizing, financing and managing the Mumbai

International Airport. MIAL took over operations and management of the Airport with effect

from May 3, 2006. MIAL prepared the Master Plan for CSIA, designed to expand, upgrade and

modernize airport infrastructure to cater to 40 million passengers, and one million metric tonnes

of cargo annually. Since 2007, MIAL has been implementing the projects as per the Master

Plan to enhance the efficiency, capacity and safety of airport operations at CSIA. The

expansion and up-gradation of CSIA has been undertaken ensuring that the ongoing airport

operations are not affected during the course of project implementation.

CSIA witnessed rapid passenger growth of 41.6 % between 2007-08 and 2014-15, and cargo

tonnage increased by about 30.1% in the same period. CSIA handled traffic of 36.6 million

passengers and 694,261 tonnes of cargo in 2014-15. With commissioning of the new common

user integrated Terminal 2, new domestic terminal T1C, upgraded runway and taxiway system,

and a new ATC Tower, CSIA is now being equipped to handle over 52 million passengers and

one million metric tonnes of cargo annually.

In recent times through joint efforts of AAI and MIAL significant progress has been made in

improvements to ATC and airfield operations at CSIA leading to increase in Air Traffic

Movements (ATMs) per hour. Also the load factor has been increasing for most of the airlines,

leading to increased throughput per ATM. Due to this, and the improvements in airfield,

navigation and operations, the passenger handling capacity at CSIA is set to increase well

beyond earlier target of 40 mppa. This shall lead to savings in power, fuel and consumption of

other resources. Accordingly, although CSIA’s planned target was 40 mppa, the passenger

handling capacity of CSIA (combined terminals and airfield capacity) is estimated to be 52

mppa, post completion of the works included in this application/PFR.

1.1 Airport Modernization Project

On April 3, 2007, CSIA received Environment Clearance from MoEF for airport expansion and

modernization works. The projects approved as part of Phase 1 for CSIA modernization and

expansion were taken up between 2006-2010, for 16,39,759 sqm of area, while Phase 2 works

were taken up between 2010-2015 for 8,02,145 sqm of area. The total site area of CSIA is 812.44

Ha which includes 516.75 Ha of airside area and 170.61 Ha of landside area, while balance 125

Ha of land is under encroachment. In 2007 MIAL started modernization and redevelopment of


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the airport to cater to the growing needs of domestic and international air travellers, and all

other airport users including airlines, ground handlers, employees, etc. as per guidelines of

regulatory agencies such as AAI, DGCA etc. Major activities of modernization of airport

included in EC of 2007 are:

Redevelopment/Renovation of existing domestic passenger terminals;

Construction of 2 new passenger terminals; T1C and new common user integrated

Terminal-2;

Terminal forecourt improvements, multi-level car park for 5500 cars;

Dedicated airport approach road to new Terminal at Sahar;

Construction of new Air Traffic Control Tower;

Expansion of additional apron areas and parking bays;

Expansion and upgradation of taxiways and rapid exit taxi ways;

Construction of new Sewage Treatment Plants ;

Expansion of new utilities including multiple Constant Current Regulatory (CCR’s) Building

and Distribution Sub-Stations(DSS’s);

Upgradation of airside storm water drainage system with 5 new oil water separators;

Upgradation of overall airport including runway, taxiway, apron etc. to serve the largest

commercial service aircraft;

Construction of airline support facilities such as aircraft run up bays, maintenance hangars

and ground support equipment storage;

Upgradation of runways;

Other upgrades, expansions and construction of facilities including Yellow Fever Hospital,

and police stations, etc.;

Re-development of Residential Colonies.

1.2 Airport Upgradation Proposal

MIAL has completed most of the projects/ works approved in the Environment Clearance of

2007. Some parts of the projects / works approved in 2007 are currently in progress and need

additional time for completion. Also few of the approved projects/ works which could not be

initiated due to existing constraints, shall be taken up in the next five to seven years. MIAL is

therefore submitting this application for extension of time for ongoing balance work of

projects/ works approved in 2007, to get the requisite additional time for their completion. The

upgradation works included in this application are in two categories:

A. Completion of balance works approved in EC of 2007

1. Completion of balance work of passenger terminals;

2. Completion of balance work of cargo terminals;

3. Completion of balance work of apron expansion;

4. Completion of balance work of Taxiway extension;

5. Completion of balance work of airport facilities


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B. New/Fresh Projects

i) Vehicle Underpass for Runway 14: In order to ensure better utilization of

available aircraft parking stands at terminal/apron, to increase operational efficiency,

reduction in consumption of fuel, higher environmental sustainability, and enhanced

safety of operations, MIAL is proposing to construct a vehicle underpass below Runway

14/32 to connect the aprons of Terminal T2 in Sahar and Domestic Terminal T1 in Santa

Cruz, for expeditious transfer of passengers and baggage/ cargo between the two

Terminals. Detail description of this project is given in Section 3.7.1.

ii) Construction of Taxiway M: In order to reduce departure queuing times on

Runway 27, which is the airport’s main runway, MIAL is proposing to construct an access

taxiway to runway 27end. The project involves construction of extension to existing

Taxiway M, with bridge over Mithi River. This project will increase runway capacity

during departure peak times. In addition to this, Taxiway ‘M’ will improve aircraft

circulation from/to Terminal T2 apron from the Runway 27. Detail description of this

project is given in Section 3.7.2.

iii) Construction New ATC Tower in Kalina: Relocation of existing ATC Tower at

Santacruz may be required in future due to security reasons. Construction of new Air

Traffic Control Tower is therefore proposed in Kalina, as this location is further from the

main public and passenger access areas, and is more appropriate from security point

of view. Also, this location provides unobstructed views of all runway ends and

taxiways. Detail description of this project is given in Section 3.7.3.

It may be noted that an incidental increase in airport’s passenger handling capacity and

completion of the pending projects/works are well within the resource demand as approved in

the Environmental Clearance of 2007, and no additional demand for water, or power, or

sewerage, etc. is envisaged for completion of the balance work or for the new projects.

All Projects included in this application are approved in the Environmental Clearance of 2007,

except the three fresh projects mentioned in Section 1.2 (B), and land acquisition is not

involved for any project/work. All projects are within airport site area, and are required to

enhance efficiency, safety and security of operations at CSIA. Some of these projects shall

need slum rehabilitation for a small part, i.e.19.90 acres, of the 308.95 acres of slums located on

airport land, in accordance with Slum Rehabilitation policy of Govt. of Maharashtra for CSIA. It

may be noted that Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport (CSIA) has 308.95 acres under slums

and as per Interim Development Plan of CSIA, approved by Government of Maharashtra

(GoM) 104 acres of this 309 acres shall be required in future for expansion of aeronautical area

of CSIA. MIAL shall separately approach MoEF in future, for Environmental Clearance for this

proposed aeronautical area expansion and associated slum rehabilitation. It may be noted

that presently, for the urgent and critical airport upgradation works included in this project

application only 19.90 acres of the total 308.95 acres of slum area is required. The details of the

proposed slum rehabilitation for this limited slum area of 19.90 acres required for the urgent

and critical airport development works, is described in Section 7 of this report.

Enabling works may be required for each project, and the project areas mentioned in this

report are indicative. These may be modified within the approved area during the detailed

design and implementation stage. Mitigation measures shall be developed to prevent,

minimize, rectify and/or compensate impacts during construction and operations of the


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proposed projects. The demand for water, power and waste treatment shall be within the limits

of Environment Clearance (EC) granted earlier.

1.3 Air Traffic at CSIA

The passenger traffic at CSIA has increased rapidly, with 41.6% growth from 25.86 mppa in

2007-08, to 36.63 mppa in 2014-15, with average annual growth rate of 5.2% . Similarly the

annual cargo tonnage has increased in corresponding years by 30.1% from 533,494 MT in 2007-

08 to 694,261 MT in 2014-15. Traffic forecast indicates passenger traffic demand to reach over

50 mppa by 2022. CSIA handled traffic of 36.6 million passengers in 2014-15, with annual growth

of 13.7% .

1.4 Impact of CSIA Development

CSIA has made major contribution to local and regional economic development (direct and

indirect), and the same is detailed in report of National Council of Applied Economic

Research (NCAER), New Delhi, titled ‘Economic Impact Study of Chhatrapati Shivaji

International Airport, Mumbai. As per the report, In 2009-10, around Rs.286.3 billion or 0.44 per

cent was contributed by CISA’s operational activities to India’s GDP. Its contribution relative to

the regional economy (Maharashtra) was 3.35 per cent of the state’s GSDP. The total impact

comprises :

Rs.39.9 billion that was directly contributed through value added mode (air transport

and airport services).

Rs.74.6 billion that was contributed indirectly through supply chain (multiplier impact).

Rs.171.8 billion in induced impact (through tourism and investment)

1.5 Need for proposed Upgradation Project

Modernization and expansion of CSIA was undertaken to increase airport capacity and

provide required facilities and level of service to the passengers. The Modernization Program of

CSIA, granted EC in 2007 included development of airside /airfield, Terminals, Cargo, landside

and airport facilities. As some project/works could not be completed, they shall be

implemented in next five to seven years along with new projects identified for upgradation.

The projects approved in EC 2007 need to be completed to ensure planned operational

requirements of CSIA, and the new/fresh other proposals are essential for enhancing CSIA’s

capacity, efficiency to serve the passenger and cargo traffic of Mumbai region. In view of

continued rapid growth in passenger traffic (13.7% in 2014-15) CSIA’s operational infrastructure

needs to be further upgraded to serve the estimated demand of over 50 mppa by 2020 to

ensure economic growth of Mumbai City, the financial Capital of India,. This is particularly

important as CSIA shall be required to serve entire demand of Mumbai till the commencement

of operations at proposed Navi Mumbai airport.

1.6 Strategic Importance and Urgency of proposed upgradation works for CSIA.

As mentioned, the passenger traffic at CSIA has been rapidly increasing with 13.7% growth in

2014-15. This rapid increase in passenger traffic is expected to continue in future with national

GDP growth reaching targeted 9%. In view of this, CSIA shall be required to handle

considerably more traffic than earlier estimated 40 mppa, and therefore it is essential that

airport’s infrastructure is urgently upgraded to increase its capacity and efficiency to handle

Mumbai’s increasing air traffic demand.


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In view of the delay in the implementation of Navi Mumbai Airport there will be increased

pressure on CSIA to serve the entire air traffic demand of Mumbai and surrounding region.

Therefore, in order to augment the existing capacity of CSIA, it is essential that the projects

identified in this regard are approved and implemented immediately to avoid a crisis. Any

delay in implementation of the identified three critical projects may lead to undesirable

situation wherein the city of Mumbai shall not have airport with adequate capacity to serve

the financial and business capital of the country. Public Accounts Committee (PAC), GoI &

CAG in their respective reports on CSIA development have made strong observations

regarding urgent need for capacity augmentation of CSIA in order to meet the rapidly

increasing demand of Mumbai, and have suggested that urgent steps to be taken to create

adequate capacity at CSIA to serve the city of Mumbai, particularly in view of delay in

implementation of Navi Mumbai Airport project.

In view of the urgency to expedite implementation of proposed works, it is essential that MoEF

approval is granted at the earliest, as these works shall take 24 to 36 months for completion.

Mumbai airport may face serious capacity constraints if these projects are delayed.

Considering the importance of the upgradation works, and as there is no land acquisition

involved and as most of the projects in this proposal have already been approved in EC of

2007, MIAL requests that Public Consultation/Public Hearing be exempted for this proposal.

MIAL requests MoEF to consider the proposed upgradation of CSIA under sub section (i)(f) of

Stage (3) of “Public Consultation” wherein “all projects or activities concerning national

defense and security or involving other strategic considerations as determined by the Central

Government” are exempted from “Public Consultation”. The proposed upgradation proposal

for CSIA comes within the above definition as :-

1) Aviation facilities of Indian Air Force and Indian Navy are located at CSIA.

2) The proposed upgradation works shall increase security and safety of the airport and its

operations. Security agencies (I.B., BCAS, CISF, State Police, etc.) have repeatedly

raised security concerns due to presence of slums in close proximity of operational area of

CSIA. Recently, Parliamentary Standing Committee on Transport, Tourism and Culture in its

Report on “Security at Airport in India” has highlighted security threat to CSIA due to presence

of slums at airport.

3) CSIA is the second busiest airport in India and serves not only Mumbai but also large part of

Western India. Augmentation of CSIA’s infrastructure is strategic to the economic development

and growth of business in Mumbai and surrounding region. The proposed upgradation works

are of strategic importance, as Mumbai, the financial capital of the country, may face serious

growth constraints due to limitation of airport capacity in view of rapidly increasing domestic

and international passenger and cargo demand, and delay in implementation of Navi

Mumbai Airport. For continued growth of Mumbai and surrounding region of Western India, it is

imperative that capacity and efficiency of operations at CSIA is urgently augmented to ensure

continued growth of economy and business.

In view of the above, MIAL requests MoEF that the proposal for upgradation of CSIA be

considered for exemption under the said provisions.


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2.0 Introduction to Project

2.1 Background

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport (CSIA) is the second busiest airport in India, serving as a

gateway to international passengers and domestic passengers. Presently, 42 international

airlines and 5 domestic airlines connect CSIA to 43 international destinations and 47 domestic

destinations. In addition, 4 international airlines and 1 domestic airline operate exclusive

freighter flights from CSIA. In 2014-15, Mumbai airport handled 36.6 million passengers, with

annual growth of 13.7%, along with 694261 tonnes of cargo, and currently handles up to 48-50

air traffic movements per hour.

Based on the Environment Clearance granted by MoEF in 2007, MIAL started modernization

and redevelopment of the airport to cater to the growing needs of domestic and international

air travellers, and other airport users including Airlines, Ground Handlers, etc. as per guidelines

of regulatory agencies such as AAI, DGCA etc. The modernization projects that are completed

by MIAL include:

Refurbishment of domestic passenger terminal, T-1B & T-1A;

2 new passenger terminals, new common user integrated Terminal-T2 at Sahar and

Terminal T1C with Hotel at Santa Cruz

Sahar Terminal forecourt improvements, construction of multi-level car park for 5500 cars;

Elevated 6 lane airport approach road to New Terminal -2;

Construction and relocation of Air Traffic Control tower (to Santacruz);

Expansion of additional apron areas and parking bays on the airside;

Expansion, upgradation and construction of new taxiways and rapid exit taxi ways ;

Construction of new Sewage Treatment Plants for CSIA;

Expansion of new utilities including multiple Constant Current Regulator building (CCR’s)

and Distribution Sub Stations(DSS);

Upgradation of airside storm water drainage system with 5 oil water separators;

Relocation of navigational aid facilities;

Upgradation of airport’s airside infrastructure to serve the largest commercial service

aircraft;

New airline support facilities such as aircraft run up bays, maintenance hangars, and

ground support equipment storage;

Upgradation of existing runways;

Other upgrades / expansions / construction of new facilities including Yellow Fever

Hospital, and Police Station, etc.;

Statutory Environmental Clearances received for CSIA development

MIAL has received following Environmental Clearances and approvals for CSIA development :

Environment Clearance from MoEF vide approval letter No. 10-5/2007-IA-III dated

03.04.2007

Consent to Establish for Phase I from MPCB vide Consent No. BO/RO/(P&P)/CC-145 dated

04.07.2007


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Consent to Establish for Phase II from MPCB vide Consent No BO/RO(HQ)/CE/CAC-217

dated 24.01.2012

Consent to Establish for Aviation Fuel Storage & Handling facility from MPCB vide Consent

No.BO/RO(HQ)/CE/CAC-539 dated 24.07.2012 and amendment vide Consent

No.BO/RO(HQ)/CE/CAC-712 dated 13.12.2012.

Consent to Operate from MPCB vide Consent No. BO/RO(HQ)/CO/CAC-468 dated

16.06.2012

Consent to Operate from MPCB vide Consent No. Format 1.0/BO/CAC-cell/RO-MU/EIC-

MU-5356-13/O (part)/CAC – 9304 dated 06.11.2013

Consent to Operate (Part) to Terminal T1C Hotel – Extension of Domestic Terminal 1A from

MPCB vide Consent No. Format 1.0/BO/CAC-cell/EIC-MU-6249-14/O (part)/CAC-690

dated 21.01.2015.

Amalgamated Consent to Operate for Airport vide Consent No. Format 1.0/BO/CAC-

Cell/EIC-MU-6761-15/CR/CAC-14016 dated 03.11.2015.

2.2 Identification of Project and Project Proponent:

2.2.1 Project Proponent

Mumbai International Airports Limited (MIAL) is a Public Private Partnership (PPP) and joint

venture between AAI and GVK led Consortium comprising of GVK Airport Holdings Private

Limited (GVKAHPL), ACSA Global Limited (ACSA) and Bid Services Division (Mauritius) Limited.

MIAL was incorporated to take over the management of CSIA and on April 4, 2006 MIAL

entered into Operation, Management and Development Agreement (OMDA) with AAI for

operating, maintaining, developing, modernizing, financing & managing the Airport for a

primary period of thirty years, extendable by another thirty years. MIAL took over operations

and management of the Airport with effect from May 3, 2006.

2.2.2 Identification of Project

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport is a Brownfield airport, located in center of a land

constrained city of Mumbai, the financial capital of India. CSIA is located at 19° 05' 27" North

72° 52' 00" East, at an average field elevation of eight meters above sea level. CSIA is situated

near the suburbs of Santa Cruz, Vile Parle, Sahar and Andheri. The total area of CSIA is 802.03

Ha of this 506.39 Ha is planned for airside/ aeronautical development, and 170.61 Ha for

landside/non-aeronautical development, while balance 125 Ha of land is currently under

encroachments.

The airport upgradation/development works that MIAL has completed as per the

Environmental Clearance of 2007 from MOEF are within the 24, 41,904 square meters approved

in the EC (16, 39,759sqm under Phase I and 8, 02,145 sqm under Phase II). The modernization

and expansion activities initiated in 2007 have transformed CSIA into a major international

aviation hub, and have enhanced passenger facilities as well as created value. Due to the

ongoing improvements, the airport's passenger service ratings, given by Airports Council

International, have improved considerably in recent years. Its Airport Service Quality (ASQ)

rating has gone up from 3.25 in 2006 to 4.96 (maximum of 5.0) in May 2015.

Mumbai continues to experience rapid growth in passenger volumes, and shall realize

significant growth in the coming years. The current annual passenger growth during 2014-15

was 21.1%, for domestic passengers and 4.1% for international passengers. Mumbai city is

expected to have traffic demand of approximately 50mppa by 2020, and therefore It is


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essential that further upgradation of the airport is planned and implemented to augment its

current capacity to serve the air passenger demand of Mumbai, particularly in view of new

airport at Navi Mumbai being operational post 2020. In view of this, MIAL now intends to take

up implementation of critical aeronautical infrastructure in order to enhance airport’s

operational efficiency and capacity. No additional land acquisition is involved as all the

proposed upgradation projects are planned, and shall be implemented within the CSIA site

area. Few projects shall require a part of land currently under encroachments. However such

land requirement is very limited.

All Projects included in this application are approved in the Environmental Clearance of 2007,

except the three fresh projects mentioned in Section 1.2 (B), and land acquisition is not

involved for any project/work. All projects are within airport site area, and are required to

enhance efficiency, safety and security of operations at CSIA. Some of these projects shall

need slum rehabilitation for a small part, i.e.19.90 acres, of the 308.95 acres of slums located on

airport land, in accordance with Slum Rehabilitation policy of Govt. of Maharashtra for CSIA. It

may be noted that Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport (CSIA) has 308.95 acres under slums

and as per Interim Development Plan of CSIA, approved by Government of Maharashtra

(GoM) 104 acres of this 309 acres shall be required in future for expansion of aeronautical area

of CSIA. MIAL shall separately approach MoEF in future, for Environmental Clearance for this

proposed aeronautical area expansion and associated slum rehabilitation. It may be noted

that presently, for the urgent and critical airport upgradation works included in this project

application only 19.90 acres of the total 308.95 acres of slum area is required. The details of the

proposed slum rehabilitation for this limited slum area of 19.90 acres required for the urgent

and critical airport development works, is described in Section 7 of this report.

The upgradation works included in this application are in two categories:

1. Completion of balance works approved in EC of 2007 :

I. Completion of balance work of passenger terminals

II. Completion of balance work of cargo terminals

III. Completion of balance work of apron expansion

IV. Completion of balance work of Taxiway extension

V. Completion of balance work of airport facilities

2. New/Fresh Projects :

I. Construction of Vehicle Underpass under Runway 14/32 , connecting existing

aircraft parking area/ aprons at Terminal T2 in Sahar and Terminal T1 in Santa

Cruz.

II. Construction of Extension of Taxiway M

III. Construction of New ATC Tower, at Kalina

2.3 Need for the Project and its Importance to the Country

The passenger traffic at CSIA has increased by 41.6% from 25.24 mppa in 2007-08, to 36.63

mppa in 2014-15, with average annual growth rate of 5.2%. The annual cargo tonnage has

increased in corresponding years by 30.1% from 533,494 MT in 2007-08 to 694,261 MT in 2014-15.

Similarly, the Air Traffic Movements (ATM’s) increased by 15.9% in last 8 years from 232,509 in

2007-08 to 269,451 in 2014-15, at an average annual growth rate of 2.0% .

CSIA was planned to handle annual passenger capacity of 40 million passenger per year and

one million tonnage of cargo, with provision with scope for internal operational efficiencies.

Due to improvements and efficiencies in airfield, navigation and terminal operations, the


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capacity at CSIA in future shall continue to increase. In view of this, the reassessed capacity of

CSIA (the terminal and airfield capacity), is 52 mppa. These operational efficiencies shall lead

to savings in energy, fuel, consumption of other resources, and shall increase sustainability of

airport operations at CSIA. In view of rapid growth in passenger traffic, of over 13.7% in 2014-15,

CSIA’s operational infrastructure needs to be upgraded to serve the estimated demand of

over 50 mppa by 2020.

The projects approved in EC 2007 need to be completed to ensure planned operational

requirements of CSIA, and the new/fresh other proposals are essential for enhancing CSIA’s

capacity to serve the passengers and cargo traffic of Mumbai region. Adequate capacity

of Mumbai airport is essential for economic growth of Mumbai City, the financial Capital of

India.

2.4 Air Traffic at CSIA

The existing and projected passenger traffic at CSIA is as under ;

Year Domestic International Total

2007-08 178,80,924 79,83,829 258,64,753

2008-09 153,16,813 81,18,910 234,35,723

2009-10 173,72,231 82,34,508 256,06,739

2010-11 199,95,453 90,76,460 290,71,913

2011-12 210,43,608 97,04,234 307,47,842

2012-13 202,76,951 99,30,563 302,07,514

2013-14 218,80,686 103,40,709 322,21,395

2014-15 252,05,275 114,29,558 366,34,833

2015-16 268,08,861 115,21,829 383,30,690

2016-17 297,16,395 123,35,752 420,52,147

2017-18 317,42,013 132,42,922 449,84,935

2018-19 325,37,200 139,65,912 465,03,112

2019-20 330,01,921 144,74,853 474,76,775

2020-21 339,88,071 149,89,054 489,77,126

2021-22 342,33,309 155,08,446 497,41,754

2026-27 341,67,444 175,63,267 517,30,711

Table 2.1 - Existing and projected passenger traffic pax at the airport

The existing and projected aircraft movements at CSIA are as under :

Year Domestic International Total ATMs

2007-08 1,70,851 61,658 2,32,509

2008-09 1,61,940 65,574 2,27,514

2009-10 1,64,632 65,167 2,29,799

2010-11 1,73,982 68,677 2,42,659

2011-12 1,79,305 72,207 2,51,512

2012-13 1,73,252 71,247 2,44,499

2013-14 1,88,306 72,360 2,60,666

2014-15 1,95,370 74,086 2,69,456

2015-16 2,11,059 74,936 2,85,995

2016-17 2,15,892 80,080 2,95,972

2017-18 2,29,778 86,666 3,16,444

2018-19 2,34,524 89,446 3,23,969

2019-20 2,34,217 90,404 3,24,621

2020-21 2,33,925 91,409 3,25,334

2021-22 2,31,716 88,711 3,20,426

2026-27 2,27,168 87,608 3,14,776

Table 2.2 – Existing and projected aircraft movement


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The existing and projected Cargo traffic at CSIA is as under :

Year International Domestic Total

2007-08 3,73,770 1,59,724 5,33,494

2008-09 3,78,610 1,51,328 5,29,938

2009-10 4,08,452 1,74,184 5,82,636

2010-11 4,70,402 1,99,831 6,70,233

2011-12 4,67,182 1,90,288 6,57,470

2012-13 4,52,742 1,82,463 6,35,206

2013-14 4,67,642 1,81,102 6,48,744

2014-15 4,86,541 2,07,720 6,94,261

2015-16 4,95,666 2,06,403 7,02,069

2016-17 5,38,319 2,14,221 7,52,540

2017-18 5,91,968 2,31,307 8,23,275

2018-19 6,26,069 2,41,994 8,68,064

2019-20 6,50,914 2,49,370 9,00,284

2020-21 6,77,600 2,57,222 9,34,822

2021-22 6,03,606 2,31,225 8,34,832

2026-27 5,34,399 1,99,517 7,33,915

Table 2.3 - Existing and projected cargo traffic

The passenger traffic at CSIA has increased rapidly, with 41.6% growth from 25.24 mppa in

2007-08, to 36.63 mppa in 2014-15, with average annual growth rate of 5.2% . Similarly the

annual cargo tonnage has increased in corresponding years by 30.1% from 533,494 MT in 2007-

08 to 694,261 MT in 2014-15. Traffic forecast indicates passenger traffic demand to reach over

50 mppa by 2020. CSIA handled traffic of 36.6 million passengers in 2014-15, with annual growth

of 13.7%.

2.5 Economic Impact of CSIA and Employment Generation

CSIA has made major contribution in local and regional economic development (direct and

indirect), and the same is detailed in 2014 report by National Council of Applied Economic

Research (NCAER), New Delhi, titled ‘Economic Impact Study of Chhatrapati Shivaji

International Airport, Mumbai. Based on the said report, CSIA’s contribution to economy, and

in generation of employment, is summarized as under :

2.5.1 Income contribution

In 2009-10, around Rs.286.3 billion or 0.44 per cent was contributed by CISA’s operational

activities to India’s GDP. Its contribution relative to the regional economy (Maharashtra) was

3.35 per cent of the state’s GSDP. The total impact comprises :

Rs.39.9 billion that was directly contributed through value added mode (air transport

and airport services).

Rs.74.6 billion that was contributed indirectly through supply chain (multiplier impact).

Rs.171.8 billion in induced impact (through tourism and investment).

Total Impact (Direct plus Indirect plus Induced)

Estimates of the total impact of CSIA’s operations are given in Table A. The main findings of

NCEAR report are:

The total economic contribution of CSIA operations is Rs.281.8 billion, which is 0.44 per

cent of the national GDP and relatively 3.35 per cent to Maharashtra’s GSDP in 2009-


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10.

In terms of employment, the total contribution of CSIA’s operations is 1,403,000 jobs,

which is 0.30 per cent of national employment and relatively 2.86 per cent to

Maharashtra’s employment in 2009-10.

It is important to note here that the results of the multiplier impact in terms of income and

employment may not necessarily imply the current contribution of CSIA to the national and

regional economies because many of the goods and services are generally procured globally

and, hence, are not produced in the domestic economy.

Table A : Total Impact of CSIA's Operations in 2009-10

Types

Gross output (Rs.billion)

Value added (Rs. Billion) Employment ('000)

Direct and indirect impact 190.80 114.50 467

Induced impact 286.30 171.80 958

Total Impact 477.10 286.30 1425

2.5.2 Employment Contribution

In terms of employment contribution, CSIA’s operations sector has contributed about 1,425

thousand jobs (0.31 percent of the national employment) in 2009-10 and as a ratio to

Maharashtra’s employment it contributed 2.90 per cent. The total comprises:

In terms of direct contribution, around 49 thousand jobs were added.

Indirect contribution to jobs was 418 thousand through supply chains (multiplier

impact).

With the help of tourism and investment, the induced impact added up to 958

thousand jobs.

CSIA’s contribution to National and Regional Economy is indicated in Table B below :-

Table B : Contribution of CSIA's Operations to National and Regional Economy in 2009-10

Types Contribution to National Economy Contribution to Maharashtra Economy

% of GDP % of Employment % of GDP % of Employment

Direct and Indirect Impact

0.18 0.10 1.34 0.95

Induced Impact 0.27 0.21 2.01 1.95

Total Impact 0.44 0.31 3.35 2.90

2.5.3 Contribution of CSIA’s Construction to the National and Regional Economy

In the case of construction activities, the impact is one-time and belongs to the entire

construction phase (2008-09 to 2015-16). The economic contribution of CSIA’s construction

in terms of value added and employment to the national and regional economy is

estimated as:


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Direct contribution of Rs.75.5 billion in income and 20,000 jobs to the national economy

during the construction period.

Indirect (multiplier impact) contribution of Rs.122.3 billion in income and 1,078,000 jobs

to the national economy.

2.5.4 The other important findings from the study are:

Total passenger traffic at CSIA will reach 49 million by 2022-23.

By 2022-23, CSIA would make an annual direct contribution to Maharashtra’s economy

in terms of income, which would turn out to be 0.56 per cent of GDP.

CSIA’s direct plus indirect (multiplier) annual income contribution to Maharashtra’s

economy annually will be 1.61 per cent of GSDP by 2022-23.

Thus, CSIA’s total income impact (direct plus indirect plus induced) to Maharashtra’s

economy will be 4.02 per cent of GSDP by 2022-23.

2.5.5 Contribution of tax revenue to the Government’s Exchequer

Development of an airport, not only contributes income and employment to the economy,

but also adds tax revenue to the government’s exchequer. The growing economic activities

of CSIA have helped MIAL to generate a substantial amount of revenue and in return, MIAL

has paid a chunk of its revenue to the government’s exchequer in the form of various taxes.

MIAL’s tax revenue contribution to the government’s exchequer in the form of various taxes is

Rs.3490 million in 2012-13, which is 23.6 per cent of the total revenue of MIAL.


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3.0 Project Description

3.1 Type of Project

The said project is an upgradation project, and most of the works included herein, are part of

Environment Clearance granted in 2007 for modernization and expansion of CSIA. Some part

of the works approved in 2007 are nearing completion, and MIAL needs additional time for

their completion. As few of the approved works were not initiated due to operational

constraints, these shall be taken up in the next five to seven years. MIAL is therefore submitting

this application for extension to cover the works approved in 2007, to get the requisite

additional time for their completion. All the projects/ works mentioned in the current PFR have

been approved earlier, except three new projects, which have been identified for fresh

approval. The upgradation works included in this application are in two categories:

1. Completion of balance works approved in EC of 2007 :

I. Completion of passenger terminals;

II. Completion of balance work of cargo terminals;

III. Completion of balance work of Aircraft parking;

IV. Completion of balance work of Taxiway extension;

V. Completion of balance work of Airport facilities (such Re-development of

Residential Colonies, Radar Building, ROFF, CISF barracks, etc)

2. New/Fresh Projects :

I. Construction of Vehicle Underpass under Runway 14-32 , connecting

existing aprons at Terminal T2 in Sahar and Terminal T1 in Santacruz

II. Construction Extension of Taxiway M

III. Construction of New ATC Tower, at Kalina

3.2 Location

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport is a Brownfield airport, located at 19° 05' 27" North 72°

52' 00" East, at an average field elevation of eight meters above sea level. The location map

and 10 km radius study area map are given in Figure-2.6 and Figure-2.7 respectively.

3.3 Alternate Sites Considered

Since the proposed project is upgradation project, alternate sites have not been considered.

3.4 Modernization of CSIA: Present Status

Modernization and expansion of CSIA was undertaken to increase airport capacity and

provide sufficient and high quality facilities to the passengers. The Modernization Program of

CSIA, granted EC in 2007 included development of airside /airfield, Terminals, Cargo, landside

and airport facilities.

Airside /airfield development included reconstruction and rehabilitation of both runways,

construction/reconstruction of parallel taxiways, construction of RETs (Rapid Exit Taxiways)

expansion of aircraft parking aprons for both passenger terminals, Post completion of these

works, CSIA is now certified to operate Code F flights on a scheduled basis, facilitating the


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Figure- 2.6 Location of CSIA


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Figure-2.7 10 km radius study area of CSIA


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largest commercial service aircraft in operation. A careful phasing of projects was developed

by MIAL, ensuring uninterrupted airport operations throughout implementation process.

CSIA now has an upgraded cross runway system with parallel taxiways and rapid exit taxiways,

two passenger terminals, Terminal T1 (Domestic Terminal) at Santa Cruz and new integrated

terminal T2 at Sahar. T2 has a dedicated elevated expressway connecting passengers to

Western Express Highway. CSIA has two runways, Runway 09-27 and Runway 14-32. Primary

Runway 09-27 is 3,448 meters in length and serves the majority of airport operations. It is

oriented to the predominant wind direction, east and west. Secondary Runway 14-32 is 2,871

meters in length and intersects the primary runway midway, and is oriented in a northwest to

southeast direction.

Other major components of the airport include cargo facilities, airline support, airline and

airport maintenance, general aviation, Utility plants, residential etc. The status of

projects/works completed by MIAL since 2007 is described in the following sections and

location of the projects are shown in Figure-2.9.

3.4.1. Passenger Terminals

Passenger terminals of CSIA are located at Sahar and Santa Cruz. Terminal-1 comprising of the

Terminal 1A, 1B and the newly built 1C, is located in Santacruz. These Terminals currently

handle most of the domestic operations. Terminal - T2 is a common user Terminal, located at

Sahar, and handles both domestic and international operations. As part of extension and

development of passenger terminals, refurbishment of Terminal 1B and Terminal 1A has been

completed, along with construction of new Terminal 1C (with a Terminal Hotel) and new

Terminal T2, with MLCP. Modern passenger amenities like lounges, restaurants, hotels, food

courts, retail and duty free shops, etc. have been set up at T1 and T2 in addition to the state-

of-art operational facilities for Check-in, Security Screening, baggage handling, etc. As part

of Terminal 1 development at Santacruz, a 280 room hotel has been constructed, while at

Terminal T2 at Sahar, a day hotel with required facilities has been built to serve the passengers,

crew, etc. Terminal hotel at T1 is also equipped with business centre and conference rooms,

etc.

The concept of the new integrated Terminal 2 is based on the principle of a ‘One roof

common user terminal’ accommodating all passengers’ services related to international as

well as domestic flights. After completion of SE and NW piers of T2, it shall provide capacity of

at least 45 million passengers per annum (mppa). T2 is planned for total 188 check-in counters

plus 19 recheck-in counters, 60 departure immigration counters and 80 arrival immigration

counters, 65 security check lanes, 14 baggage carousels, 29 fixed link bridges, 62 passenger

boarding bridges, 48 travellators, 63 escalators, 92 elevators and a 6-lane elevated expressway

with dedicated passenger connectivity leading to the Terminal-2.

The estimated capacity of T1 complex is approx 20 million passengers per annum (mppa), and

it has 11 contact aircraft stands with passenger boarding bridges to serve narrow body

aircrafts. The Sahar and Santa Cruz terminal areas are separated by Runway 14-32 and

taxiways. Aircraft parking aprons are provided for domestic and common user integrated

terminal, cargo terminals, general aviation as well as for aircraft maintenance purposes, and

remain overnight (RON) aircraft parking.


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Figure 2.8 –Terminal T2 , CSIA


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3.4.2 Cargo Terminals

The international cargo facility of CSIA is located at Sahar, near Terminal T2, and consists of

cargo facilities of both cargo operators at CSIA, i.e. MIAL & Air India. The existing Sahar cargo

complex has been in operation since 1970s and is in need of upgradation. The total cargo

handled at CSIA has increased considerably with 694,261 tonnes handled in 2014-15 against

533,494 tonnes in 2007-08. MIAL intends to achieve over 1 million metric tonnes of cargo

handling capacity. The existing total area for storage and processing for cargo is approx.

76039 sqm. As part of airport upgradation, a new Facility for Perishable Cargo has been

constructed, exclusively for export of perishable and pharma cargo which includes cold

storage chambers in the Exports Zone for pharmaceuticals and vaccines, along with cold

storage chambers in the Imports Zone. A separate storage facility for dangerous goods in both

the exports and Imports Zone is provided in CSIA International Cargo Complex, with separate

storage facility for radioactive material. The domestic cargo handling facility has been

constructed west of Terminal 1, along Western Express Highway, on area of 9,715 sqm, and is

nearing completion. MIAL has planned additional Cargo Warehouse facility in Santacruz,

along with dedicated Courier Terminals in Santacruz and Kalina. In past three years MIAL has

constructed Central Store and Utility Building, 1.0 MLD, STP and Power Sub Station for CSIA’s

cargo development at International Cargo Complex at Sahar.

As part of balance works for proposed up gradation program of CSIA (approved in EC of

2007), MIAL shall complete the construction / expansion of proposed Cargo facilities for MIAL

and Air India, located in Sahar along with required landside infrastructure. The existing and

proposed Cargo facilities are indicated in Figure no. 3.5 and 3.6 respectively.

3.4.3 General Aviation

General Aviation (GA) terminal of CSIA is located south of Runway 09-27 near Gate No.8. GA

Terminal is used by private and non-scheduled flight operators, including government aircrafts.

Facilities are provided for passengers who depart and arrive on business jets / private aircrafts.

This terminal has two conference halls, two exclusive lounges, two crew rest rooms and a cafe

bar for processing passengers entering via non-scheduled aircraft. General Aviation (GA)

Traffic has increased from 10,923 ATMs in 2008-09 to 12,400 ATMs in 2014-15. To cater to the

increased GA Traffic the facilities at GA Terminal have been expanded in past few years.

3.4.4 Runways

CSIA has two operational runways, Runway 09-27 (primary), which is oriented in an east-west

direction, with length of 3,448 meters and width of 60 meters. Runway 14-32 (secondary) is

oriented in northwest southwest direction, and has been upgraded to 45 meters width, and

length of 2,871 m. Both runways have asphalt surfaces and are connected to the terminals by

taxiways and aprons. Being the primary Runway, 09-27 handles 95% of the air traffic, while

Runway 14-32 is used in case of emergency and when primary runway is under scheduled

maintenance. Both runways are important for maintaining airport operations as per the current

fleet mix, wind conditions. Since 2007, MIAL has undertaken reconstruction of both Runways

and their runway upgradation work was completed in 2011.


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Figure 2.9 – Completed Projects & Existing facilities at CSIA


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3.4.5 Taxiways

Before in 2006, the taxiway network of CSIA did not fully service all runway ends, resulting in

long runway occupancy time as each aircraft used the runway, instead of taxiway to reach at

the end of the runway for take-off. Now with the provision of additional parallel taxiways

constructed as part of airport up gradation approved in EC of 2007 along with connector

taxiways and rapid exit taxiways (RET), aircraft circulation and flexibility of the airfield has

improved considerably and leading to increase in runway system’s operational capacity

which has increased airport’s capacity to 52 mppa. Since 2007 MIAL has constructed/

reconstructed 6 rapid exit taxiways (RETs) to improve runway efficiency; one RET serves Runway

09 and three other RETs service Runway 27 optimizing runway utilization. Additionally, one RET

serves Runway 14 on the east side and one services Runway 32. CSIA now has 39 taxiways and

taxi lanes.

With the use of newly commissioned RETs for primary Runway 27, the runway occupancy time

of arriving flights has been reduced to less than 49 seconds. Reduction in runway occupancy

time has improved the operational efficiency allowing increased number of landings and

takeoffs at the airport to increase runway capacity to at least 48 aircraft movements per hour.

In 2007, before improvements were made, the airport was operating only 36 air traffic

movements per hour. In next five years MIAL shall under take construction of some of the

taxiways which are pending or partially constructed due to existing encumbrances, or

encroachments or enabling works requiring relocation. Construction of these taxiways

(approved in EC of 2007) are included as part of this application, as MIAL needs additional

time for their completion.

3.4.6 Aprons

Aprons are pavement areas to park aircraft. Some aprons are adjacent to the terminals, while

others may be at a distance, for remote parking. Since 2007 as part of airport upgradation

program, apron areas at CSIA have been expanded in order to accommodate the required

aircraft stand as per the traffic forecast. Sizing of aircraft parking positions has been based on

peak monthly average day demand, as well as aircraft manoeuvring capabilities, mandatory

clearance requirements, parking configuration and ground services requirements. The new

aircraft stands at CSIA have been designed in a compact manner, optimizing space and

allowing flexibility and minimizing taxiing distances where possible. There are now four main

apron areas at CSIA.

i) Terminal T2 apron ( at Sahar) – servicing Integrated T2 Terminal , and International Cargo

Terminal

ii) Terminal T1 apron ( at Santacruz) – servicing Domestic Terminals.

iii) Kalina apron – servicing General Aviation and maintenance apron

iv) Apron West of main Runway 14-32 – servicing Remain overnight (RON) apron

Terminal 1 and Terminal 2 aprons are located in Santa Cruz and Sahar, respectively. The Cargo

apron is located in the Sahar, adjacent to cargo complex. Aprons have been planned at CSIA

within the available land area to achieve maximum stand capacity and utilization. The

Terminal 2 apron is designed for Code E and F aircrafts, and the apron provides contact stands

connected to the terminal building as well as remote stands. The domestic apron in Santa Cruz

is planned to accommodate Code C aircrafts. Finally, a Remain Overnight (RON) parking


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apron for single aisle aircraft has also been constructed south of Runway 14/32, with ten

parking bays.

The General Aviation apron is located south of main Runway 09-27 and provides parking for 20

general aviation, non-scheduled aircrafts, along with Air Force and Navy Hangars. Each

hangar has its aircraft parking area in front of the hangar. The GA apron requires relocation to

allow realignment/reconstruction of the taxiway to 190 m from the Runway 09 centreline. In

next five years MIAL shall undertake construction of proposed additional GA apron area,

currently pending due to existing encumbrances and enabling works requiring relocations of

existing airport structures. Construction of these aprons (approved in EC of 2007) is included in

this application, as MIAL needs additional time for their completion.

Figure 3.0 - General aviation apron located south of main runway

Figure 3.0 - General aviation apron located south of main runway

3.4.7 Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (CNS)

Communication, navigation, and surveillance systems (CNS) are the foundation of airport’s air

traffic management. Navigational aids (NAVAIDs) of airport guide aircrafts safely into and out

of the runway environment.

3.4.8 Visual Aids

Visual navigational aids are the facilities that aid pilots via a visual means. Multiple visual aids

have been upgraded at CSIA, including approach lights, runway centreline lights, taxiway

edge lights, signages. In addition, two new CCRs with redundant circuits on the airfield for full

time back up use have also been installed.

3.4.9 Air Traffic Control Tower

An Air Traffic Control Tower (ATCT) is critical aeronautical facility for management and

operation of the airport’s air traffic, and is operated by Airport Authorities of India (AAI). The air

traffic controllers direct air traffic to ensure safe and efficient air traffic in airspace. The

controllers give pilots taxing and takeoff instructions, air traffic clearances, and advice based

on their observations and information received from enroute centres, flight service stations and

other sources. The location, height and orientation of the ATCT is defined by the need of clear

sightlines to the runway ends and unobstructed views of the aircraft manoeuvring areas. The

old ATC Tower in Sahar area was penetrating the Obstacle Limitation Surface (OLS) of Runway


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14-32 and therefore required relocation.

As part of airport up gradation & modernization program, an ATC Tower was constructed near

the domestic terminal area in Santa Cruz in 2013, and is now operational. MIAL has proposed

construction of a new ATC Tower at Kalina, in view of security concerns as the current ATC

Tower at Santa Cruz is located directly on the airport’s approach road from Western

Expressway. The proposed location of new ATC Tower is in Kalina, away from Western

Expressway traffic and close to existing Defence compound. This project shall be taken up as

per the requirements of airport security.

3.4.10 T2 Multi Level Car Park (T2 MLCP)

The T2 Multi-Level Car Park is part of Terminal T2 , and was commissioned in 2014 along with the

Common User Terminal, T2. T2 MLCP serves airport passengers parking for the duration of their

trip, drivers picking up or dropping off passengers, meters and greeters vehicles picking up

passengers and employees. T2 MLCP is integrated with Terminal 2 at arrival and departure

levels, thus enabling very convenient connection to and from the Terminal. T2 multi-level car

park is 10 level facility and accommodates 5,500 car parking spaces and is provided with 72

nos. of toilets, 8 large size elevators and 8 escalators for easy access to different levels. The roof

of the MLCP is designed to serve as a large green garden providing a visual delight, and sitting

area for travellers, meters and greeters.

T2 MLCP has been provided with car parking management system that maximizes the

efficiency of its operations, and has been designed as an energy efficient, fully automatic and

easy to maintain facility provided with ventilation and exhaust systems, internal electrical and

emergency power, fire detection and alarm system, fire fighting system, IT/CCTV and security

measures such as automated Under Vehicle Scanning System (UVSS), registration plate picture,

driver picture, explosive detection system and manual search.

3.4.11 Fuel Systems

Earlier Fuel storage facilities at CSIA was located on 3 independent land plots across the airport

complex and operated by 3 separate companies – IOCL, HPCL and BPCL. The separate fuel

facilities resulted in inefficiencies in the transport of fuel between aircraft stands and tank

farms. In addition, the fuel is transported by truck requiring additional trips on congested

airfield roads. To optimize land use and reduce vehicle movements, a consolidated tankage

at a single location is being developed by the Joint Venture Company, Mumbai Aviation Fuel

Farm Facility Private Limited (MAFFFL), in which three PSU Oil Companies and MIAL each hold

25% of the share. The existing facilities of the oil companies is being merged into this a common

user tank farm facility consisting of 47,500 KL “on-site” storage tanks, at Santa Cruz. The new

plot measures 3.7 Ha and consolidation of the fuel companies into the plot reduces the

footprint of the fuel farm and vehicle travel. The said development of Integrated fuel facility is

part of EC of 2007, and the ongoing work is expected to be completed in next three years.

MIAL requires extension of EC for this project, and has therefore been included in this

application.


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3.4.12 Roadways & Parking

A. Road ways at CSIA

Western Expressway (WEH) located on western edge of CSIA provides primary access to CSIA

from South and Central Mumbai, while Andheri-Ghatkopar Link Road provides airport

connectivity from north, Andheri-Kurla Road from east and Santacruz- Kalina-Kurla Road serves

airport traffic from east and southern part of CSIA. The two terminals of CSIA, Terminal 1 and

Integrated Terminal 2, were earlier connected to each other from landside via WEH & Sahar

Road. In 2014, MIAL with MMRDA completed construction of dedicated 6 lane Elevated road

from Western Expressway to new Terminal - T2, providing much required direct connectivity to

airport.

The traffic from south Mumbai and suburban areas comes to CSIA from the ten lane Western

Express Highway (WEH), and enter Terminal 1 area at Santacruz. Traffic from south Mumbai

and northern suburban reaches T2 directly from WEH, via six lane Sahar Elevated Road (SER).

Construction of Sahar Elevated Road has reduced the travel time to T2 (from WEH) by almost

20 minutes during peak hours and has also lead to reduction in noise pollution and fuel

consumption.

B. Road network at Sahar Terminal T2 International Airport

The primary access roadway system to Sahar International airport (T2) is through six lane road

Sahar Elevated Road (SER) and existing at grade road International Airport road and Sahar

road leading to T2 arrival kerb side.

Sahar Elevated Road (SER) spans from the WEH upto T2 Departure Kerb at Sahar. There are four

ramps (two up ramps and two down ramps) provided additionally at the Terminal 2 forecourt

area on SER to facilitate various traffic movement to Arrival and Departure kerb and return.

Both SER and At grade 3 lane Airport Arrival road at T2 area (from junction in front of

Ambassador Flight kitchen) follows a unidirectional traffic movement, moving only in clockwise

direction (west to east) to reach terminal kerbs and return back. Further, there is an additional

three lane service road adjacent to At grade (3 lane) Arrival road at the eastern end section

of At grade road system to facilitate heavy vehicles, airport vehicles and VIP vehicle

movement. Apart from the above, there is additional three lane road (with unidirectional

traffic flow) inside the T2 forecourt which facilitates the public bus and auto rickshaw

movement at T2.

C. Road network at Santacruz Terminal T1 Domestic Airport

The main internal road network at Terminal T1 Airport includes at grade three lane Airport road

from WEH at Vile Parle junction with unidirectional traffic movement (clockwise movement)

upto T1 kerbs and looping back to WEH. There is an additional two lane service road extending

from Main Airport road up to Airport Gate 1 for airport vehicles . Further, two 3 lane Arrival

roads spurs from Airport Road loop to Terminal 1B and 1A Arrival area to serve the arriving and

departing passenger traffic.

D. Parking at Sahar Terminal T2 International Airport

As part of Terminal T2 development, MIAL has constructed a new Multi Level Car Park (T2

MLCP) with capacity 5500 car parks, which caters to all airport users. This MLCP is located in


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front of Terminal T2 and is accessible from Sahar Elevated road as well as at grade road of T2.

Additionally two surface parking lots of capacity (750 and 150) for airport taxi staging. These

taxi staging have been constructed in close proximity to T2.

E. Parking at Santacruz Terminal T1 Domestic Airport

The present car parking for Terminal T1 is located in front of Terminals T1A and T1B and around

300 taxi staging slots (surface parking) at T1. As part of T1 development, MIAL has constructed

a multi level car parking (MLCP) with 895 car parking slots.

F. Public Transport Connectivity to CSIA

Currently, there is no dedicated rail link connecting CSIA to rest of Mumbai. The nearest railway

stations on the suburban railway network (Western Suburban line) is Vile Parle (East) located

close to Terminal 1, whereas Andheri is the closest railway station to Terminal 2. The Mumbai

Metro Line 1, runs on the northern periphery of CSIA development near Terminal T2 at Sahar,

and most of northern landside areas of CSIA is accessible from Metro Line 1 stations such as

Chakala Station, Airport Road Station and Marol Naka Station.

Figure 3.1: Existing Roadway Layout and Proposed Metro Line 3 Stations at CSIA


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As part of CSIA development, Metro Line 3 project by MMRCL is being implemented to provide

high speed connectivity to CSIA with three stations within airport , and these shall be

operational by 2020. The three metro stations at T1, T2 and one at Sahar road shall augment

connectivity to CSIA. The BEST city bus service operates from CSIA to various destinations in

Mumbai. Pre-paid taxis, metered taxis and auto rickshaws are also available at both the

Terminals of airport.

3.5 Upgradation Program – Proposed Project

The projects in this application are in two categories. First category is the projects approved in

the 2007 EC, which shall be completed in next five years. MIAL requires extension of EC for such

projects/works, and these are therefore included in this application. As the earlier Environment

Clearance is up to 2015, MIAL is applying for extension for such projects, which were previously

approved. These are indicated in part A of Table-3.1. The second category includes new/fresh

projects. The three new projects identified for implementation in next 5 years were not part of

previous the application and are therefore included in this application. The new projects are

important to increase environmental sustainability, reduction in the carbon emissions higher

operational efficiency at CSIA, and increased security. No land acquisition is required for any

of the projects. All the Projects are to be located on the airport site, and are focused to

enhance airport’s efficiency, safety, capacity and security.

The three new projects are: Construction of Vehicle Underpass Connecting Existing Sahar and Santa Cruz Aprons

Construction of Taxiway ‘M’ Extension with Bridge

Construction of New ATC Tower, at Kalina

3.6 Justification for the Projects: Completion of Projects approved in EC of 2007

The completion of proposed upgradation works is essential for efficient Terminal & airport

operations for CSIA, and the projection in Category A in above table have already been

approved in EC of 2007. The completion of construction work is included in this PFR, for

extension of time.

3.6.1 Completion of Terminal 2 - South East and North West Pier

MIAL has completed major part of Terminal T2 development work (as per EC of 2007), except

North West pier and ongoing South East pier. Terminal T2 was commissioned in February,2014

for international traffic. Construction of North West pier shall be taken up in the next few years.

Completion of Terminal T2 piers is essential to provide required Terminal Capacity and efficient

operation of both domestic and international operation from T2. It will reduce the need for

passenger transfer, and improve efficiency in operation by bringing together all the airlines

operating international and most of domestic under a single terminal, as well as achieving

better utilization of space and facilities. This application proposes construction that includes

Northwest and Southeast Piers, on approximately 28,000 sqm area.


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Figure 3.2 : NW Pier Development Figure 3.3 : NW & SE Pier Development


Page 32 of 52

Table 3.1 - Details of Proposed Upgradation Projects for CSIA


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Figure 3.4 – Proposed Upgration Projects, CSIA.


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3.6.2 Completion of Cargo Terminals

Cargo complex upgradation and expansion is needed to provide required cargo handling

capacity, increase efficiency, and safety in cargo operations. The total cargo handled at CSIA

has increased considerably with 698,250 tonnes handled in 2015 against 533,494 tonnes in

2007. MIAL has planned to achieve cargo handling capacity of over 1 million metric tonnes.

Expansion, restructuring of existing cargo facilities and construction of new cargo facilities is

required for addressing the growth, higher efficiency and safety of cargo operations. MIAL has

completed construction of Perishable Cargo Facility, Cold Storage Import Facility, Domestic

Cargo Terminal and construction of Heavy Cargo facility is near completion.

As part of airport upgradation program, MIAL shall complete the construction of proposed

Cargo Terminal works approved in EC of 2007. Proposed Cargo Development includes :

A) Construction / completion of MIAL’s international, domestic and courier cargo facilities

B) Construction of Air India’s international & domestic cargo facilities.

A) Completion of MIAL’s international , domestic and courier cargo facilities, on total area

of 62,977 sqms. The proposed MIAL cargo facilities include:

a) MIAL’s Import Warehouse : This is currently an operational warehouse of 3 Modules

comprising MIAL and Air India Export Area, and APEDA and MIAL Import area. MIAL

needs to undertake modifications/redevelopment to this facility to increase its capacity

and efficiency, on an area of 14,627 sqm.

b) MIAL’s Heavy Import Warehouse : The existing current MIAL Heavy Import Warehouse is

to be demolished for construction of Taxiway construction, therefore a new MIAL Heavy

Import Warehouse shall be constructed at the current location.

c) MIAL’s Import Warehouse-2 (Automated Storage & Retrieval Import Facility) : This is an

Import Cargo facility with Automated Sorting and Retrieval System (ASRS) to be developed

on an area of 2921 sqm, for storing import cargo with bin storage positions. Ground floor is

planned to be used for de-stuffing and release of import, document checking and general

storage with truck docking area. This building is planned to be connected to MIAL Import

Warehouse-1.

d) MIAL’s Export Warehouse-1: This facility is a multi-level export processing warehouse shall

be developed on an area of 9285 sqm with BUA of 18,813 sqm with automated storage

and retrieval positions, with Transfer Vehicle system, lift and run system for airside transfer

and truck dock positions are provided. This building is planned to be connected to the

proposed Export Warehouse in the North, this facility is under construction and nearing

completion.

e) MIAL’s Export Warehouse: This building is planned on an area of 6873 sqm with BUA of

45,713 sqm as a multi-level export processing area with ULD storage positions and

Transfer Vehicle system, connected to MIAL’s Export Facility for airside transfer along with

an independent airside loading & unloading area, landside docks and with a large

basement for parking and unloading of goods.


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f) Courier Terminals : An integrated courier terminal complex shall be developed in Santa

Cruz area on the west side of Runway 14, located on airside near Gate 1 of 5250 sqm. The

terminal shall have airside and landside accessibility. A second integrated courier terminal

shall be developed near Apron Lima, south of Runway 09, with required landside and

airside access, on an area of 20,030 sqm with BUA of 18,863 sqm. Similarly, MIAL shall

construct Domestic Cargo Facility at Santacruz, near Old Power House plot, on area of

1651 sqms.

Figure 3.5 – Existing International Cargo Complex , Sahar CSIA.

Figure 3.6 – Proposed Integrated Cargo Development, Sahar, CSIA.


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(B) Completion of Air India’s Cargo Facilities

MIAL and Air India shall take up construction of new Cargo facilities for Air India, by

redeveloping their current facilities on Air India’s existing cargo International Cargo site area at

Sahar. As part of this work, Air India’s Import Facility/Warehouse, Export Warehouse and

Domestic Cargo Facility shall be constructed on an area of 16,501 sqm. with BUA of 30,646

sqm.

The aforesaid Cargo Terminal Development works are part of the Cargo development

approved in EC of 2007, and construction of the above works shall be completed in next five

years.

3.6.3. Completion of Aircraft Parking Apron

The balance works of expansion of aircraft parking areas, approved in EC of 2007, which are

necessary for achieving the planned airport capacity are included in this application, for

extension of time. In 2007, EC was granted for the expansion of domestic and international

apron expansion and also for additional domestic and RON remote parking bays over an area

of 38.6 Ha. Aprons are used for the manoeuvring, parking and servicing of aircraft at airports.

Aprons support passenger, cargo and general aviation aircraft operations. To cater for

projected traffic and peak stand demand CSIA requires completion of construction of the

balance apron works.

a) Integrated Terminal-2 Apron expansion

The apron area for aircraft operations of integrated Terminal 2 in Sahar needs to be completed

to provide required aircraft parking stands for the Northwest and Southeast pier of Terminal T2.

This apron is in addition to the apron on eastern side of the integrated T2. The balance works of

international apron extension, are already approved in EC of 2007, and are included in this

application, for extension of time. The apron of integrated T2 will provide 29 Code E/F

equivalent positions served by passenger boarding bridges including 17 Multi Aircraft Ramp

Systems (MARS) stands to meet the projected passenger demand at CSIA. This apron

expansion will provide additional three aircraft stands for T2 which will enhance efficiency of

airlines and airport operations A small part of this is currently encroached land. The balance

apron area to be constructed is 71750 sqm. out of this a small part is on currently encroached

land (2.62 Acres / approx.10,522 sqm). This small part of overall apron work shall be taken up

after rehabilitation of existing hutment dwellers. The details of proposed rehabilitation process

are outlined in Section 7 of this PFR.

b) Aprons South of Runway 09-27

General aviation (GA) facilities located in southern part of the airport and south of Runway 09-

27 need to be relocated as they are within the footprint of southern parallel taxiway to Runway

09-27. As construction of the parallel taxi way is necessary for ensuring the enhanced capacity

for the airport, as well as enhancing airside efficiency and safety, the GA aircraft apron needs

to be constructed at a new location.

The relocation of the GA apron is proposed south of Runway 09/27 within airport land. The

construction of this apron requires relocation of existing general aviation aircraft facilities to

approx. 0.84 Hectares (2.09 Acres) of CSIA land currently under encroachments. This apron

covers an area of approximately 7.50 Ha. The area of 0.84 Hectares (2.09 Acres) under

encroachments shall be taken up for development after slum rehabilitation. The details of

proposed Rehabilitation process for hutment dweller are outlined in Section 7.


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3.6.4. Completion of Taxiway Development

2007 EC approval was granted for all the taxiways developments required for efficient

operations of CSIA, on area of 7,94,030 sqm. Some part of these proposed taxiways, are not

yet completed and these are to be developed in next five years to enhance movement of

aircrafts to increase airside efficiency and safety. The balance taxiway construction of approx.

4,23, 474 sqm shall be taken up to complete the CSIA taxiway system.

3.6.5. Completion of Airport Facilities

Construction of various airport facilities has been approved in EC of 2007, and MIAL has

completed construction of some of these facilities while construction of few facilities shall be

taken up in next 5 years. Construction of Airport facilities mentioned below needs to be

completed, as these are critical for airport operations, hence these are included in this

application for additional time for their completion. These include:

(1) GSD and Centralized Kitchen, Sahar : Air India Ground Service Department (GSD)

storage, maintenance, refuelling, and office facilities currently located west of new integrated

Terminal T2 at Sahar need to be relocated to a new site to enable the construction of Terminal

T2’s North West Pier, and associated aircraft apron. The proposed GSD development comprises

transport hangar, equipment washing, and water treatment facility for potable water to

aircraft, workshops, Car Bays, Stores, Administrative Offices, and Centralized Kitchen. The

proposed new GSD with Centralised Kitchen for Air India shall be developed on area of 47,431

sqm. with BUA of 38,156 sqm on site are within CSIA airside , along Cargo/Sahar Road.

(2) Indian Airlines / Air India Hangar (1 no.) South of Runway 09-27 : MIAL is to construct a

new Code C hangar with associated apron for Air India. This hangar shall be built within the

airside of CSIA, on area of 4976 sqm and shall include a new apron.

(3) Air India aeronautical facilities South of Main Runway 09-27 : Existing Air India facilities

located south of Runway 09-27 are in the footprint of proposed Code F parallel taxiway

planned west of Runway 14-32. The taxiway is needed to reduce number of aircraft crossings

on the active Runway, and reduce taxing distance to terminal facilities. The affected Air India

facilities including aircraft maintenance, administrative offices shall be relocated and

constructed on an area of 33,564 sqm. with BUA of 37,601 sqm on a site south of Runway 09 .

(4) Hangars South of Main Runway : Two GA hangar shall be built on the South of Runway

09-27. These GA Hangars shall have offices, passenger/VIP areas and other facilities, as well as

aircraft parking and taxiway access to the hangar. The approximate area of proposed

hangars with apron and office space is 3,060 sqms.

(5) Redevelopment of Residential Colonies : In line with the requirement of releasing land for

airport development, the existing old residential colonies on airport land are to be restructured,

redeveloped and densified at their respective locations in AAI-NAD Colony in Sahar, Air India-

Indian Airlines Colony at Kalina to release land for airport development. In this regard

construction work is completed for the CPWD residential quarters at Sahar, and MIAL has

received approval from local authorities for the proposed redevelopment of AAI NAD Colony.

The same shall commence by March 2016. The densification of colonies is planned entirely


Page 38 of 52

within the airport land and will not require land acquisition or any slum rehabilitation. The

utilities and the associated facilities shall be enhanced appropriately.

Redevelopment of residential colonies on 296,070 sqm of area has been approved in EC of

2007. The balance area for residential development (as CPWD Quarters has been completed)

shall be within the approved area of EC-2007. Redevelopment of residential colonies is critical

for airport development and upgradation. Total residential area proposed for re-densification

purpose in this application, is 2,81,778 sqm., with BUA of 224,779sqm.

(6) Meteorological Farm: The Indian Meteorological Department’s observatory and related

offices are to be relocated from their current location, as their current site is required for airside

development and, new IMD facilities shall be constructed on site in NAD Colony with an area

of 8,088 sqm.

(7) CISF Chakala: The project involves the construction of 20 new residential family

quarters at CISF in Chakala, Andheri for Senior CISF officials posted at CSIA. The project area is

943 sqm.

(8) Vile Parle Police Station, Santacruz: The existing Vile Parle Police Station located within

CSIA site area near Terminal T1 is an old ground floor building without required modern facilities

and necessary infrastructure. MIAL shall construct a new Police Station on area of 2,270 sqm.

(9) Expansion of Common User Fuel Storage Facilities: In the EC of 2007, approval was

granted for the expansion of Common User Fuel Storage Facilities with area of 74,000 sqm.

The existing Fuel Farm at CSIA located at Santacruz is to be expanded, with increased storage

capacity, on the existing site located near north of Runway 09 end ,into a common user fuel

storage facility to be used by all oil companies operating at CSIA. The capacity of

consolidated fuel farm shall be 48 ML with area of 37,925 sqm., and BUA of 10,910 sqm.

Majority of aircraft parking stands shall be served by hydrant fuelling systems originating from

this Common Use Fuel Farm. The said development of Integrated fuel facility is part of EC of

2007, and the ongoing expansion work shall be completed in next 3 three years. MIAL requires

extension of EC for this project, and is therefore included in this application.

(10) DoP Sorting Office: A new sorting office for Department of Post (DoP) is to be constructed

by MIAL in NAD Colony within CSIA site area. The existing DoP sorting office is coming in the

way of construction of new western taxiway to Runway 14. The expansion of taxiway will

facilitate efficient and safe movement of aircraft. The Sorting Office shall be constructed on

area of 11,351 sqm. and BUA of 29,147 sqm., in NAD Colony.

(11) Extension to existing CISF staff quarters at, Kalina and Sahar : Additional accommodation

is required for increased strength of CISF personnel for airport security. These shall be

constructed on the existing CISF buildings at Kalina (1468 sqm) and Sahar (1432 sqm) on total

area of 2900 sqm. MIAL has completed expansion of existing CISF Kalina campus providing

new bachelor accommodation for 1600 personnel. The balance CISF accommodation

facilities shall be constructed in next two years.


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(12) AI Cabin Catering / In-flight / Chef Air Kitchen: Air India cabin catering facilities need to

be relocated and developed at more suitable location at NAD colony, on an area of 12,288

sqm. with BUA of 28,676 sqm.

(13) Airport Management Building: In EC of 2007 Airport Management Facilities of 5,000 Sqm

of area was approved. However, as this project could not be completed, it has been

included in this application for extension of time. MIAL shall construct Airport

Management Building on area of 9755 sqm. with BUA of 51,516 sqm. This building will

accommodate essential offices of airport operator and various agencies/departments and

airport related offices.

(14) GSE Maintenance Facilities with Bridge Access: A large number of existing Ground

Support Equipment (GSE) maintenance facilities operated by various airlines and ground

handlers have to be relocated as they are coming in the apron expansion work. It is therefore

proposed to construct new GSE maintenance area for Terminal-2. The site is located east of

integrated Terminal 2, across Mithi River on an area of 30,055 sqms. This new GSE area will be

connected to integrated T2 apron by a bridge, on Mithi River. MIAL has received approval

from Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) and Mithi River Development

Planning Authority (MRDPA) for the proposed bridge construction.

(15) Airport Maintenance Compound : In EC of 2007 area of 13,450 Sqm was approved for

the Airport Maintenance Compound. The construction of a Maintenance Compound enables

relocation of existing vehicle maintenance facilities / workshops near domestic apron,

which need to be relocated as they come within the foot print of proposed western taxiway to

Runway 14. The new airport maintenance compound shall be located on the south of main

Runway 09/27 on an area of 4063 sqms.

(16) Main Rescue and Fire Fighting Building: In EC of 2007 approval was granted for the

construction of the New Main Rescue and Fire Fighting Building and this application is for an

extension of the timeline for completion of the said work, on an area of 6197 sqm.

(17) Radar Buildings : The existing approach radar is located north of the intersection of the

runways. In view of ongoing airport development the radar needs to be relocated from its

existing location. The current radar is being relocated near CCR Building near Terminal T2, and

a third radar required for CSIA, shall be constructed on a site near eastern airport boundary.

The area of each of the radar structure shall be 767 sqm.

(18) MIAL Essential Staff Residential Quarters and Guest House : As part of the approved work

of Redevelopment of Residential Colonies, MIAL shall construct residential quarters and Guest

House on a site area of 3735 sqm. with BUA of 8600 sqm., in Kalina area of CSIA, near CISF

Quarters.

(19) Other Incidental Construction: This item includes any additional construction work required

to support the developments described above, with area of approx. 20,000 sqm.


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3.7 Justification for the Projects : New/Fresh Projects

3.7.1 Vehicle Underpass under Runway – 14-32.

It may be noted that, although Terminal-2 is designed to serve passenger demand of over 45

mppa and beyond, the available aircraft parking stands associated with T2 do not fully

accommodate all the remain overnight (RON) Operations during international peak hours.

Therefore both the aprons, Terminal 2 apron and also the Terminal 1 apron need to be used

together to serve the aircraft parking demand during peak hours. It is therefore essential to

connect the two aprons to enable transfer of passengers from Terminal 2 to Terminal 1 apron

(remote stands).

This project comprises construction of a 15.1 m wide vehicular underpass under secondary

cross Runway 14-32 to connect the aircraft parking aprons of Terminal T2 at Sahar and Terminal

T1 at Santa Cruz shown in Figure-3.8 and 3.9. Passenger transfers between the aprons is

currently on the existing perimeter airside road inside the operational area of the CSIA. A

shorter link between the two aprons is required to minimize the travel time for passengers,

baggage and to reduce noise and fuel consumption. Currently vehicle traffic takes a 4.0 km

long route around the Runway 14 end. The existing route traversed around Runway 14/32 for

passenger and cargo movement between T1 & T2 is shown in Figure-3.7. With an average

speed of 20-30 km/hour mandatory on perimeter airside roads, the travel time between aprons

is 15-20 minutes unimpeded. For passenger coaches, an additional 5-10 minutes are required

considering enplaning and deplaning of passengers at each end of the bus movement

bringing the total time take to 25-30 minutes thereby lowering passenger level of service. The

existing road is highly congested and traffic is slow. A more direct transfer between the aprons

is therefore required. In view of this, MIAL has proposed construction of a road connecting the

two aprons with vehicular underpass under Runway 14/32, which will reduce travel distance

and time for passengers ground support vehicles, resulting in operational and cost efficiency

and reduction in fuel consumption and noise. The total length of proposed underpass is 672.56

m, width is 15.1 m, while the length of up and down ramps is 225 m., and proposed area is

29,820 sqms. The underpass includes ramps at both ends for connecting to existing airside

roads, all mechanical and electrical works such as fire-fighting, fire protection, ventilation,

lighting, control systems, communication systems, SWD and its pumping room, etc.

Figure 3.7 – Existing route between T2 to T1 Aprons Figure 3.8 – Proposed Vehicular Under Pass – Plan


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Figure 3.9 – Proposed Vehicular Under Pass – Detail Plan

3.7.2 Extension of Taxiway ‘M’ Extension with Bridge

Construction of extension to existing Taxiway ‘M’, with associated/bridge is a new project of

airport upgradation to enhance airport’s capacity and operational / airside efficiency. The

project comprises of Taxiway M extension to connect existing Terminal-2 aircraft parking apron

to Runway 27 beginning. Connecting the apron with the runway end requires extension of the

existing Taxiway M over Mithi River, in the form of a bridge. The project Taxiway ‘M’ Extension

with a bridge shall provide much required holding area for the aircrafts ready to take off from

Runway 27. The proposed length of Taxiway ‘M’ Extension shall be 242 m, width shall be 62 m

wide, out of this 242 m of Taxiway, the length of taxiway bridge over Mithi river shall be 117 m

and width shall range between 41m (north side) to 57 m (south side) is shown in Figure-3.10.

MIAL has received approval from Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) and

Mithi River Development Authority (MRDPA) for the proposed Taxiway M Bridge, based on

reports of I.I.T (Bombay) and CWPRS (Pune) submitted by MIAL.

Taxiway ‘M’ development will take place entirely within the airport site area and will not

require land acquisition. Approx. 2.5 Hectares (6.00 acres) of airport’s site area currently under

encroachments shall be required for this work. The taxiway construction work in the existing

encroached areas shall be taken up after rehabilitation of existing hutment dwellers in next

two years. The construction of taxiway in the encroached area shall be taken up after

rehabilitation of hutment dwellers, while the construction of bridge shall be taken up earlier.

The details of proposed rehabilitation process are outlined in Section 7 of this PFR.


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Figure 3.10 – Proposed Taxiway Extension & Bridge – Plan

3.7.3 New ATC Tower at Kalina

Air Traffic Control Tower (ATCT) is critical aeronautical facility for operation of airport’s air traffic,

and in India it is operated by Airport Authorities of India (AAI). Air traffic controllers direct air

traffic in airport’s airspace to ensure safe and efficient flow, movement of aircrafts. The

controllers give pilots taxiing and takeoff instructions, air traffic clearances, based on their

observations and information received from air route traffic control enroute centers, flight

service stations and other sources. The location, height and orientation of the ATC Tower is

defined by the need of clear sightlines to the runway ends and unobstructed views of the

aircraft manoeuvring areas along with other factors such as security, operations,

constructability and safety. The relocation of the existing ATCT towards the south of the airport

is required to ensure increased security of this critical operational installation. The current ATC

Tower is located in highly accessible area, and in view of threat perceptions of security

agencies, MIAL is considering relocation of this facility to a more secure location, or an area of

3800 sqm close to existing defence compound of Indian Navy, in southern part of CSIA.

This location provides required security and an unobstructed view to all runway ends.

Construction of new ATC Tower is included as a new/fresh project in this application, for

approval. The proposed area shall be 3,778 sqm, and height of the Tower is expected to be

approximately 75 m AMSL, however height of the tower will be finalized in consultation with the

Airports Authority of India (AAI).


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4.0 Site Analysis

4.1 Connectivity to CSIA

CSIA is well connected by main arterial roads of Mumbai, like Western Expressway to East,

AGKL on north, Kalina Pond on south and Andheri-Kurla Road on East. In future, from 2020

onwards CSIA shall have Metro Line 3 connectivity with these metro station located within CSIA

site area. MIAL has constructed Sahar Elevated Access Road (SER), a dedicated 6 lane

elevated express road that connects the Western Express Highway with Terminal T2. Suburban

rail connectivity for employees at CSIA is through Ville Parle (East) railway station on the

Western suburban rail line close to domestic terminal at Santacruz. Andheri (East) is another

suburb railway station on the Western line close to CSIA.

Mumbai Metro Line 1 runs along the northern edge of CSIA, approximately 1km from Terminal

T2. Airport Road Station and Marol Station of Metro line 1 are closest to CSIA

The proposed Line 3 of the Mumbai Metro that shall run underground from Colaba to SEEPZ &

serving CSIA via three stations — one each at the Santa Cruz and Sahar terminals and one at

Sahar road. Metro Line 3 shall reduce the commute time for airport users between Colaba and

the airport to 40 minutes.

4.2 Land Form, Land Use and Land Ownership

The Landuse of entire airport land area is earmarked / designated as Special Airport

Development. Land is owned by AAI, and leased to MIAL in 2006 for a period of 30 years,

extendable by another 30 years.

4.3 Topography

No major change in the topography is envisaged as the additional features will be

developed within the existing airport site area.

4.4 Existing Land Use Pattern

Entire project site is already developed and is categorized for airport use..

4.5 Existing Infrastructure and Amenities

The following infrastructure exists

- All weather metal top road connectivity to the elevated road/metro nearest NH-8;

- Well connected internal roads and internal electrical lines;

- Electrical substation and guest house facility;

- Hospital;

- Drinking water facility; and

- Post office, bus station, railway station, banks, shopping complex, community halls, senior

secondary schools, worship places etc., exist near airport.

4.6 Soil Classification

The texture of soil is mostly clayey gravel in the study area. The pH of the soil was 7.1 indicating

that the soil is usually alkaline in nature. Soil analysis results are given in Table-4.1.


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Parameters Units Values

pH - 7.10

Conductivity µS 156.30

Physical Parameters

Bulk density gm/CC 1.05

Water retaining Capacity % 37.20

Sulphates mg/Kg 1354.40

Chlorides mg/Kg 3156.82

Potassium mg/Kg 24.91

Copper mg/Kg 63.15

Manganese mg/Kg 829.80

Zinc mg/Kg 58.19

Iron mg/Kg 3.2 Table 4.1 - Soil analysis results

4.7 Climatic Data and Secondary Sources

Based on Historical data recorded at Santa Cruz and Colaba observatory , collected from the

IMD, the maximum temperature during summer varies between 320c -34.50c and minimum

temperature during winter varies from 16.50C – 19.20C. The relative humidity of the area rangers

between 57% to 87% with winter recording ranging between 57%-72% and monsoon from 61%

to 87%. The study area receives extensive rainfall from the southwest monsoon and northeast

monsoon. The average annual rainfall based on last 30 years data is 2457 mm.

4.8 Social Infrastructure Available

The existing social infrastructure in the area includes the following and will further be

strengthened (as required):

Hospital with ambulance;

Banks;

Post office;

Railway stations;

Bus station;

Fire stations;

Secondary school;

Police stations;

Shopping complex;

Sports infrastructure (Stadium & Camps etc.);

Self help groups;

Community halls;

Cinema halls; and

Primary health care centres.


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5.0 Planning

5.1 Concept & Objective

The modernization and expansion activities initiated in 2007 have transformed CSIA into a

major aviation hub and have increased airport’s capacity, enhanced passenger facilities.Due

to the ongoing improvements, the airport's passenger convenience ratings, given by Airports

Council International (ACI), have improved considerably in recent years. Its Airport Service

Quality (ASQ) rating has gone up from 3.25 in 2006 to 4.96 in May 2015.

Mumbai continues to experience rapid growth in passenger traffic, with CSIA registering 21%

growth in 2015. CSIA is expected to realize significant growth in the coming years, reaching 50

mppa by 2022. It is essential that further upgradation of airport’s infrastructure is implemented

urgently to serve the air passenger demand of Mumbai City, particularly in view of delay in

implementation of Navi Mumbai airport. In view of this MIAL now intends to take up required

upgradation of critical aeronautical and infrastructural works at CSIA in order to enhance

airport’s capacity to be able to serve the rapidly increasing demand of Mumbai City. No

additional land acquisition is involved for the upgradation works as all the proposed

upgradation projects shall be implemented within the CSIA site area

5.2 Population Projection

The region wise distribution of population of Mumbai is given in Table-5.1.

Areas Population Decadal population variation

Absolute Percentage

Thane District

1971 2,281,664 ----- -----

1981 3,351,562 106,989 46.9

1991 5,249,126 1,897,564 56.6

2001 8,131,849 2,882,723 54.9

2011 11,060,148 2928299 36.0

Navi Mumbai (M Corp.)

1991 307,724 ----- -----

2001 704,002 396278 128.8

2011 1,120,547 416545 59.2

Mumbai (Suburban) district

1971 2,900,197 ----- -----

1981 4,958,365 2,058,168 71.0

1991 6,751,002 1,792,637 36.2

2001 8,640,419 1,889,417 28.0

2011 9,356,962 716543 8.3

Mumbai District

1971 3,070,378 ---- -----

1981 3,285,040 214,662 7.0

1991 3,174,889 -110,151 -3.4

2001 3,338,031 163,142 5.1

2011 3,085,411 -2,52,620 -7.6

Table 5.1 - Distribution of population

5.3 Land Use Planning

The proposed land use plan reflects the best uses of land based on a careful balancing of

operational, environmental and commercial requirements.


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6.0 Proposed Utility Iinfrastructure

This section summarizes the existing & estimated demand of the basic utilities for the projects

identified in the preceding section.

6.1 Water Supply

MIAL received EC in 2007 with water demand estimated at 18.03 MLD at the end of Phase II of

airport expansion. The total water consumption at CSIA is well within the earlier estimated

demand. Further, MIAL has taken a number of water conservation measures in the passenger

terminals and other airside/landside facilities including recycling of treated water for HVAC,

gardening and flushing purposes, elimination of water leakages etc. Future water demand

estimations are based on projected passenger traffic and considering an average

consumption of 70 litres per passenger per day (as per NBC norms). The ultimate stage CSIA

water demand is estimated at a maximum of 15.763 MLD, in this fresh water requirement is 8.00

MLD & recycled water requirement is 7.763 MLD. The said requirement is well within the earlier

projected water requirement; hence no extra provision of fresh water from Municipal

corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) is required. The projected ultimate water demand is

given in Table-6.1.

Sr.

No

Details Fresh water

Demand(MLD)

Recycled water

Demand(MLD)

Total water

Demand(MLD)

1 Passenger Terminals(52

Mppa)

5.078 4.922 10.00

2 Cargo Terminals 0.598 0.582 1.18

3 Aircraft Parking 0.00 0.00 0.00

4 Taxiway Extension 0.00 0.00 0.00

5 Airport Facilities 0.926 0.899 1.825

6 Other minor facilities 0.318 0.310 0.628

7 New projects 1.080 1.050 2.130

Total Demand 8.000 7.763 15.763

Table 6.1 – Ultimate stage water demand at CSIA

6.2 Sewerage Generation

Sewage generation at CSIA is from Passenger Terminals, Cargo Terminals & other airport

facilities at CSIA. The total estimated sewage generation is given in Table-6.2

Sr. No Details Sewage Generation (MLD)

1 Passenger Terminals(52 Mppa) 6.80

2 Cargo Terminals 0.89

3 Aircraft Parking 0.00

4 Taxiway Extension 0.00

5 Airport Facilities 0.80

6 Other minor facilities 0.51

7 New projects 1.00

Total 10.00 Table 6.2 – Ultimate stage sewage generation


Page 47 of 52

MIAL has constructed and commissioned three state-of-art SBR technology STPs for treating the

waste water generated at CSIA. This includes a 10 MLD (5+5) STP near Terminal 2 for Sahar area

of CSIA, 4 MLD (2+2) STP near airside facilities for Santacruz and Kalian area, and 1 MLD STP for

Cargo area. These have been constructed for the ultimate stage capacity of the airport at 52

Mppa and shall cater to the demand from the proposed projects in this application. Therefore

no additional STPs are required for the projects covered under this application. Details of

sewage treatment plants at CSIA are given in Table-6.3.

Sewage Treatment Existing Installed

Capacity (MLD)

Ultimate stage Sewage

Generation (MLD)

Extra capacity Needed (MLD)

STP T2,Sahar 10(5+5) 6.80 Nil

STP Cargo, Sahar 1 0.89 Nil

STP T1,Santacruz 4 (2+2) 2.31 Nil Table 6.3 - STP details

Fig 6.1-Water balance chart

6.3 Power Supply

The power requirement for the NW and SE pier, Hangars and taxiway lighting is provided

through the existing substations constructed by TATA (DSS I, DSS II and DSS III). A new substation

near proposed R&FF Building near T1 apron is planned to cater to proposed vehicular

underpass load requirement viz., lighting, fire and storm water pumps, ventilation system etc.

This new substation will be connected to DSS III through two 11kV feeders. Two redundant

source of H.T power supply shall be drawn from DSS 3 source at GSD sub-station to provide

alternative power connection to Vehicular Under Pass. In order to meet the essential load

required, two standby LMVA DG sets are proposed. Installed and proposed power

requirement at CSIA details are given in Table-6.4.


Page 48 of 52

Installed

Capacity (MVA)

Existing

Operational

(MVA)

Required for new

projects (MVA)

Extra capacity

needed

MVA

140 33 18.39 NIL

Table 6.4 - Power requirement

6.4 Emergency Power

Emergency power supply is estimated and provided on the basis of ultimate total load

requirement of airport facilities. Uninterrupted power supply for the same shall be met by

appropriate capacity DG sets. Two numbers of DG sets (415V), one working and one standby

of required rating shall be provided to cater to the total power requirement of the Vehicular

Under Pass such as lighting, fire pumps etc & also cater to the need of proposed projects.

Hence no additional DG sets are required. Emergency power requirement is given in Table-6.5.

Installed capacity

(MVA)

Required for new

projects (MVA)

Extra capacity

needed (MVA)

26.207 7.88 NIL

Table 6.5 - Emergency power requirement

6.5 Solid Waste

The current total waste generation at CSIA is about 10 tonnes per day including 9.5 tonnes of

non-hazardous waste and 0.5 tonnes of hazardous waste. The solid waste generated during

construction and operation of the new facilities is about 7 tonnes. Hazardous wastes including

used oil, chemical/paint/bitumen drums, discarded oil filters, runway rubber/paint deposits etc.

It is disposed to MPCB/CPCB authorized disposal agencies in accordance with the Hazardous

Waste (Management, Handling & Trans-boundary Movement) Rules 2008. The non-hazardous

wastes which mainly includes food waste, PET bottles, glass and wooden wastes, other plastic

wastes, stationery & paper wastes etc, are disposed in environmentally sustainable manner

through MCGM approved contractor agency which collects, segregates, transports and

disposes the waste as per environmental regulations.

MIAL is also taking steps to set up Organic Waste Converter to treat the food waste generated

from food outlets operating in airport premises, and convert the same into manure. The

manure shall be used for horticultural & landscape development at airport. The construction

work for Organic Waste Convertor is nearing completion and it shall be commissioned by Feb

2016.

Based on the above details it is clear that the utility demand from pending works/projects and

new/fresh projects is well within the demand approved in EC report and also within the

currently installed utility infrastructure at CSIA.


Page 49 of 52

7.0 Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R)

CSIA site area of 812.44 Ha (2006.73 acres) has encroachment on 125 hectares (308.95 acres).

Out of these 125 hectares a small part of encroached land (8.057 Ha) is proposed to be utilized

for some of the projects included in this application, and shall need slum rehabilitation for a

small part, i.e.19.90 acres(8.057 Ha), of the 308.95 acres of slums located on airport land, in

accordance with Slum Rehabilitation policy of Govt. of Maharashtra for CSIA.

It may be noted that CSIA has 308.95 acres under slums and as per Interim Development Plan

of CSIA, approved by Government of Maharashtra (GoM) 104 acres (42.10ha) of this 308.95

acres shall be required in future for expansion of aeronautical area of CSIA. MIAL shall

separately approach MoEF in future, for Environmental Clearance for this proposed

aeronautical area expansion and associated slum rehabilitation. The rehabilitation of hutment

dwellers from the said 104 acres (42.10ha) of encroached airport land area required for

aeronautical development of CSIA shall be taken up in phases in future, as per requirement of

airport development, in accordance with Slum Rehabilitation Policy of GoM, for CSIA.

In this up-gradation proposal submitted by MIAL for Environment Approval, only 8.057 hectares

(19.90 acres) of slum area located on CSIA land is required for proposed works. This includes

2.42 hectares (6 acres) for Extension of Taxiway ’M’, 3.66 Hectares (9.04 Acres) for taxiways

South of Runway 09, 0.84 Hectares (2.09 Acres) for development of general aviation aircraft

parking stands, 1.06 Hectares (2.62 Acres) for development of North West Pier of Terminal T2 ,

and 0.077 Ha (0.19 acres) for 3rd Radar. The total slum area required for the projects included

in this PFR is therefore only 8.057 Ha (19.90 Acres). The estimated total number of hutments in

the said area, with existing hutment density of approx 617 tenements/Ha (250 hutments/acre)

is 4975.

Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) has been appointed as the

co-ordinating agency for Slum Rehabilitation at CSIA by Government of Maharashtra.

Government of Maharashtra has directed MMRDA and Additional Collectors (Encroachment)

to initiate survey of hutment dwellers in the priority slum pockets required for airport’s

aeronautical area development, which includes aforesaid 8.057 Ha of encroached area

required for projects/works mentioned in this PFR. The slum dwellers located on the said 8.057

Ha of slum area within CSIA shall be rehabilitated in the newly constructed rehabilitation

tenements at Kurla. Additional Collectors (Encroachment) Eastern & Western Suburbs have

initiated the process of survey of existing hutment dwellers in these priority slum pockets as per

the Slum Rehabilitation process of Government of Maharashtra (GoM). The rehabilitation of

hutment dwellers from CSIA site area to the constructed SRA tenements at Kurla is expected to

be completed within next two years, in accordance with Slum Rehab Scheme of GoM for

CSIA.

On completion of rehabilitation of existing hutment dwellers residing in slum pockets (8.057 Ha)

required for identified airport development works, MIAL shall initiate implementation of the

above mentioned projects for up-gradation of CSIA. The balance part of these projects

unaffected by encroachments shall be commenced earlier. The cost of rehabilitation of

hutment dwellers residing on airport land required for above works is included in the project

cost (approx. Rs.18 crores/acre) of the respective works.


Page 50 of 52

Figure 7.1 - Slum Areas at CSIA


Page 51 of 52

8.0 Project Schedule and Cost Estimate

Project schedule and cost estimate for the proposed upgradation program of CSIA is given in Table 8.1

Table-8.1. Project Schedule and Cost Estimate


Page 52 of 52

9.0 Analysis of Proposal

Mumbai International Airport Limited (MIAL) has completed several projects/Works approved

in the Environment Clearance of 2007. Some part of the Projects/ Works approved in 2007 are

nearing completion and require additional time for completion. Also some of the approved

Projects/ Works have not been initiated due to operational constraints, and are required to be

taken up in the next five to seven years. MIAL is therefore submitting application for extension

of time to complete the balance Projects/ Works approved in 2007. No land acquisition is

required for the projects included in this application.

The proposed three new projects shall enhance the capacity, efficiency, safety and security at

the CSIA. These shall not adversely impact local environment or people. Construction of

Taxiway M and Vehicular Underpass shall reduce emissions, fuel consumption and increase

safety, sustainability, and reduce overall carbon footprint.

The proposed projects shall not lead to increase in demand of power, or water or generate

additional waste. The demand arising out of these projects shall be met within the existing

utilities at airport as approved in EC of 2007, requiring no additional resources.

Completion of pending works approved in EC of 2007, and proposed new projects shall

augment the capacity of CSIA, leading to adequate airport infrastructure to sustain Mumbai’s

air traffic demand for future, until Navi Mumbai becomes operational, and beyond.

Documents

pre-feasibility Report - Welcome To Environmentenvironmentclearance.nic.in/.../TOR/...1503386071PREFEASIBILITYRE… · Pre-Feasibility Report (As Per The Provision Of EIA Notification