PREFACE - National Institute Of Engineering · PREFACE Dear Students, ... Compute Ybus and Zbus matrices for power system networks. 3. ... Algorithm and flow chart for NR method in

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PREFACE

Dear Students,

Since it started in the year 1946, NIE is promoting excellence in education through highly qualified faculty members and modern infrastructure. The Board of Directors believes in continuous improvement in delivery of technical education. Thanks to Karnataka government that designed and developed a seamless admission process through CET, many highly meritorious pre-university passed students are joining NIE, which has become a brand name among hundreds of colleges in the country. Infact, NIE is one of the top ten preferred colleges where all the seats got filled-up in the first round of 2015 admissions.

The concerted efforts of stake holders at NIE have made it get autonomous status, prestigious TEQIP-I & II and get accreditation from National Board of Accreditation, New Delhi. NIE has been granted permanent affiliation by VTU to all its courses.

Today NIE has of 7 UG, 13 PG and 5 Post-graduate Diploma programmes and 13 Centres of Excellence with overall student strength of over 3500. NIE's journey to excellence, with the main objective of continuous improvements of administrative and academic competence, is envisioned through three major pillars: intellectual infrastructure, courses/services offerings and institution building.

Our curriculum is designed to develop problem-solving skill in students and build good academic knowledge.

Dr. G.L.Shekar July 2016

Principal

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Dear Students,

Our dedicated team of highly talented faculty members are always trying to strive for academic excellence and overall personality development. The major emphasis of imparting training at NIE is to encourage enquiry and innovation among our students and lay the strong foundation for a future where they are able to face global challenges in a rapidly-changing scenario. Efforts are being made to design the curriculum based on Bloom’s Taxonomy framework, to meet the challenges of the current technical education.

NIE is making sincere efforts in meeting the global standards through new formats of National Board of Accreditation, New Delhi and timely World Bank-MHRD initiative TEQIP (Technical Education Quality Improvement Program).

I sincerely hope that your academic pursuit in NIE will be fruitful and enjoyable in every aspect Wishing you the very best.

Dr. G. S. Suresh July 2016

Dean (Academic Affairs)

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DEPARTMENT VISION

The department will be an internationally recognized centre of excellence imparting quality education in electrical engineering for the benefit of academia, industry and society at large.

DEPARTMENT MISSION

M1: Impart quality education in electrical and electronics engineering through theory and its applications by dedicated and competent faculty.

M2: Nurture creative thinking and competence leading to innovation and technological growth in the overall ambit of electrical engineering

M3: Strengthen industry-institute interaction to inculcate best engineering practices for sustainable development of the society

PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

PE 01: Graduates will be competitive and excel in electrical industry and other organizations

PE 02: Graduates will pursue higher education and will be

competent in their chosen domain

PE 03: Graduates will demonstrate leadership qualities with

professional standards for sustainable development of

society

Programme Outcomes

Our Electrical & Electronics Engineering graduates shall have the ability to:

PO1: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering fundamentals to solve problems in the domain of electrical engineering.

PO2: Identify, formulate and analyze complex problems in the field of electrical engineering

PO3: Design solutions to problems in the field of electrical engineering

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PO4: Investigate electrical engineering problems with multiple solutions and identify the most appropriate solution

PO5: Use and apply state-of-the-art tools including Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to solve problems in the field of electrical engineering

PO6: Apply reasoning skills to address social engineering problems

PO7: Apply knowledge of electrical engineering with due concern to environment and society

PO8: Practice ethics and discharge responsibilities in their professional domain

PO9: Function effectively as an individual, team member or as a leader in diverse teams

PO10: Document and communicate effectively with engineering fraternity and society

PO11: Demonstrate managerial and financial skills.

PO 12: Engage in lifelong learning, dedicated to best engineering practices in a technologically changing scenario

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BLUEPRINT OF SYLLABUS STRUCTURE AND QUESTION PAPER PATTERN

Blue Print of Syllabus Structure

1. Complete syllabus is prescribed in SIX units as Unit 1, Unit 2, etc.

2. In each unit there is one topic under the heading “Self Learning Exercises” (SLE). These are the topics to be learnt by the student on their own under the guidance of the course instructors. Course instructors will inform the students about the depth to which SLE components are to be studied. Thus there will be six topics in the complete syllabus which will carry questions with a weightage of 10% in SEE only. No questions will be asked on SLE components in CIE.

Blue Print of Question Paper

1. Question paper will have SEVEN full questions.

2. One full question each of 15 marks (Question No 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) will be set from each unit of the syllabus. Out of these six questions, two questions will have internal choice from the same unit. The unit from which choices are to be given is left to the discretion of the course instructor.

3. Question No 7 will be set for 10 marks only on those topics prescribed as “Self Learning Exercises”.

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COMPUTER APPLICATIONS TO POWER SYSTEM STUDIES (4-0-0)

Sub Code : EE0419 CIE : 50% Marks

Hrs/Week : 04 Hrs SEE : 50% Marks

SEE Hrs : 03 Hrs Max. Marks : 100 Course Outcomes

On successful completion of the course, the students will be able to:

1. Represent a power system network using the concept of graph theory and define matrices related to it.

2. Compute Ybus and Zbus matrices for power system networks.

3. Formulate load flow problem of a power system network and solve the same using different methods.

4. Analyze economic operation of power systems under various operating conditions.

5. Solve the swing equation of a power system using different numerical techniques.

UNIT 1: Network Topology: Introduction, Elementary graph theory

– oriented graph, tree, co-tree, basic cut-sets, basic loops;

Incidence matrices – Element-node, Bus incidence, branch path,

Basic cut-set, Augmented cut-set, basic loop, Augmented loop,

problems. 6 Hrs

SLE: Primitive networks – impedance form and admittance form. UNIT 2: Network Matrices: Introduction, Formation of YBUS matrix

by method of inspection (including transformer off-nominal tap

setting) and method of singular transformation, Formation of Bus

Impedance matrix by step by step building algorithm, problems.

8 Hrs

SLE: Modification of bus impedance matrix.

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UNIT 3: Load Flow Studies: Introduction, Power flow equations, Classification of buses, Operating constraints, Data for load flow, Gauss - Seidal Method – Algorithm and flow chart for PQ and PV buses (numerical problems for two/three iterations), Acceleration of convergence; Newton Raphson Method – Algorithm and flow chart for NR method in polar coordinates (numerical problem for one iteration only). Algorithm for Fast Decoupled load flow method. SLE: Comparison of Load Flow Methods. 12 Hrs

UNIT 4: Economic Operation of Power Systems: Introduction,

Generator operating cost, Performance curves, Economic dispatch

neglecting losses, Economic dispatch including generator limits

(Neglecting losses), Economic dispatch including losses, iterative

methods, problems. 12 Hrs

SLE: Basics of unit commitment. UNIT 5: TRANSIENT STABILITY STUDIES: Numerical solution of Swing Equation – Point-by-point method, Modified Euler’s method, Runge-Kutta method, Milne’s predictor corrector method. Network performance equations, Solution techniques with flow charts. SLE: Representation of power system for transient stability studies

– load representation 14 Hrs

Text Books:

1. “Computer Methods in Power System Analysis”, Stag, G.

W., and EI-Abiad, A. H.- McGraw Hill International Student

Edition. 1968.

2. “Modern Power System Analysis”, Nagrath, I. J and Kothari,

D. P, TMH, 3rd Edition, 2003.

3. “Power System Operation and control”, Dr.K. Uma Rao,

Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., Ist edition 2013

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Reference Books:

1. “Computer Techniques in Power System Analysis”, Pai, M.

A- TMH, 2nd edition, 2006.

2 “Advanced Power System Analysis and Dynamic”s, Singh,

L. P, New Age International (P) Ltd, New Delhi, 2001.

3 “Computer Aided Power System Operations and

Analysis”- Dhar, R. N, TMH, 1984.

4 “Power System Analysis”, Haadi Sadat, TMH, 2nd Edition,

12th reprint, 2007

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POWER DISTRIBUTION PLANNING AND CONTROL (3-0-0)



SEE Hrs : 03 Hrs Max. Marks : 100

Course Outcomes


1. Define and describe the distribution system components.

2. Explain the present techniques of power distribution planning, types of substation and the feeder configurations.

3. Analyse the working of primary and secondary distribution feeders.

4. Explain the distributed generation principles, operation and control of distribution systems.

UNIT-1: Distribution System Planning & Automation:

Introduction, Distribution system planning factors affecting system

planning, Present technique, Role of computers in distribution

planning, concept of Distribution Automation, SCADA –

architecutre and functions, local energy control center, Typical

control applications, 6 Hrs

SLE: Remote Terminal Unit. UNIT-2: Distribution Substation: Introduction; Load

characteristics, substation location, Rating a distribution substation,

substation services area with ‘n’ primary feeders, derivation of K

constant, substation Application curves, present voltage drop

formula. 8 Hrs

SLE: Comparison of four and six feeder patterns. UNIT-3: Primary and secondary distribution systems:

Introduction, feeder types and voltage levels, feeder loading

rectangular type development, radial type development application

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of the A,B,C,D general circuit constants to radial feeders. Feeder

control equipment. 6 Hrs

SLE: Secondary banking. UNIT 4: Reactive power compensation and applications of

capacitors: Power-factor Analysis and Basics, Power-factor

Improvements using Capacitors: Mathematical Calculations,

Location of Capacitors, Voltage Improvement Achieved using

Capacitor Banks, Application of Capacitors for Power-factor

Improvement. 8 Hrs

SLE: Ferro-Resonance due to Capacitor Banks. UNIT 5: Distribution System voltage regulation: Quality of

service and voltage standards, voltage control, feeder voltage

regulators, Line drop compensation, short cut method to calculate

voltage dip due to three phase motor start. 6 Hrs

SLE: Volatge fluctuations. UNIT 6: Distribution Automation Control Function: Demand

side management, Feeder Automation-Fault detection,

reconfiguration and restoration functions. 6 Hrs

SLE: Trouble Calls TEXT BOOKS:

1. Turan Gonen, “Electric Power Distribution System Engineering”, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill, 2014

2. V. Kamaraju, “Electric Power Distribution System”, 1st Edition, TMH New Delhi, 2009.

3. James A Momoh, “Electrical Power Distribution, Automation, Protection and Control”, CRC Press Taylor and Francis group, 2008.

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High Voltage Engineering (4-0-0)





1. Explain the necessity of generation of high voltage in laboratory.

2. Discuss the various theories of breakdown phenomena of dielectrics.

3. Explain the methods of generation of HVAC, HVDC voltages.

4. Explain the methods of generation of lightning, switching Impulse voltage and current generation and assess the performance parameters.

5. Analyse the techniques for HVAC, HVDC and Impulse voltage measurements

6. Explain the various non destructive testing and High Voltage Testing Techniques on insultors, cables and transformer.

Unit 1:

Introduction: Introduction to HV technology, advantages of

transmitting electrical power at high volages, need for generating

high voltages in laboratory. Important applications of high voltage.

6 Hrs

SLE: Classification of HV insulating media. Unit 2:

Breakdown Phenomena: Gaseous dielectrics: Lonizations:

Primary and secondary ionization processes. Criteria for

Breakdown and Limitations of Townsend’s theory. Streamer’s

theory, dielectrics: Intrinsic Breakdown, thermal breakdown,

Breakdown due to internal discharges. Breakdown of liquids

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dielectric dielectrics: Suspended particle theory, cavity breakdown

(bubble’s theory) 10 Hrs

SLE: Paschen’s law, Time lags of Breakdown. Unit 3:

Generation of HVAC and DC Voltage: HV AC-HV transformer;

Need for cascade connection and working of transforers units

connected in cascade. Series resonant circuit-principle of operation

and advantages. Tesla coil. Cock croft-Walton type high voltage

DC set. Calculation of high voltage regulation, ripple and optimum

number of stages for minimum voltage drop. 10 Hrs

SLE: Parallel resonant circuit, HVDC- voltage doubler circuit. Unit 4: Generation of Impulse Voltage and Current: Introduction to

standard lightning and switching impulse voltages. Analysis of

single stage impulse generator-expression for Output impulse

multistage impulse generator. Triggering of impulse generator by

three electrode gap arrangement and Trigatron gap. Generation of

high impulse current. 8 Hrs

SLE: Generation of switching impulse voltage. Unit 5:

Measurement of High Voltages: Electrostatic voltmeter principle,

construction and limitation. Chubb and Fortescue method for

HVAC measurment. Generating voltmeter-Principle, construction.

Series resistance micro ammeter for HVDC measurements.

Standard sphere gap measurements of HVAC, HVDC, and impulse

voltages. Factors affecting the measurements. Potential dividers

resistance dividers, capacitance dividrs. 9 Hrs

SLE: Mixed RC potential dividers. Magnetic links.

Unit 6:

High Voltage Testing Techniques: Dielectric loss and loss angle

measurements using Schering Bridge, Need for discharge

detection and PD measurements aspects. Factor affecting the

discharge detection. Discharge detection method-straight

methods. Definitions of terminologies, tests on insulators,

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transformers, Mechanism of flash over methods, Pollution

phenomenon. 8 Hrs

SLE: Test on cables. TEXT BOOKS:

1. M.S.Naidu and Kamaraju, “High Voltage Engineering”, 3rd

Edition, THM, 2007.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Mazen Abdel-Salam, Hussein Anis, Ahdab El-Morshedy,

Roshdy Radwan “High-Voltage Engineering Theory and

Practice” 2nd Edition, Marcel Dekker Inc. 2000.

2. E. Kuffel and W.S. Zaengl, “High Voltage Engineering

Fundamentals”, 2nd Edition, Elsevier, 2000.

3. C.L.Wadhwa, “High Voltage Engineering”, New Age

International Private limited, 1995.

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FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS (3-0-0)





1. Analyse the performance of uncompensated and conventionally compensated transmission lines.

2. Explain the basic principle of working of shunt FACTS controllers and analyze their performance.

3. Explain the basic principle of working of series, and shunt plus series FACTS controllers and analyze their performance.

UNIT 1: Basics of power transmission networks, Control of power

flow in AC transmission line, Analysis of uncompensated AC line,

Passive power compensation, Objectives of series compensation,

Compensation by a series capacitor connected at the mid point of

the line. 6 Hrs

SLE: Comparison between passive and active capacitor UNIT 2: Objectives of shunt compensation, Shunt compensation

connected at the mid point of the line, Comparison between series

and shunt capacitor, Advances in Power-Electronics switching

devices, FACTS – terms and definitions, Applications of FACTS

controllers. 7 Hrs

SLE: Principles and applications of Semiconductor switches UNIT 3: Analysis of SVC, Configuration of SVC, SVC controller,

Supplementary modulation controller, Protective functions of SVC

control, Applications of SVC. 7 Hrs

SLE: Susceptance regulator

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UNIT 4: Principle of operation of STATCOM, Control characteristics

of STATCOM, Simplified analysis of a three phase six pulse

STATCOM, Applications of STATCOM. 7 Hrs

SLE: Comparison between STATCOM and SVC UNIT 5: Introduction, Basic concepts of controlled series

compensation, Operation of TCSC, Analysis of TCSC,

6 Hrs

SLE: Applications of TCSC UNIT 6: Introduction, Operation of SSSC and the control of power

flow, Comparison between variable series compensation and

SSSC, Power flow control characteristics, Applications of SSSC.

Introduction and operation of UPFC. 7 Hrs

SLE: Control scheme for SSSC TEXT BOOKS:

1. “Understanding FACTS”, N.G.Hingorani and L.Gyugyi, IEEE Press

2. “FACTS Controllers in Power Transmission and Distribution”, K.R.Padiyar, New-Age International Publishers.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. “Reactive Power Control in Electrical Systems”, T.J.E Miller, John Wiley Publications.

2. “Thyristor based FACTS Controllers for Electrical

Transmission Systems”, R. Mohan Mathur and Rajiv K.Verma, IEEE Press.

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MANAGEMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP (2-0-0)





1. Describe the concept of scientific management and its evolution.

2. Discuss different behavioural patterns, various executive training programs and objectives.

3. Discuss various management functions and its relevance.

4. Explain the need for project planning, entrepreneurship

and traits of an entrepreneur.

UNIT 1: Introduction: Evolution of concept of scientific

management, historical perspective, contribution of Taylor, Henry

Fayal, Gilbreth and HL Gantt to scientific management:

management as science/ art: relevance of scientific management

in Indian context. 4 Hrs

SLE: Study of the various schools of management thought. UNIT 2: Management and Behavioural Approach: Introduction to

behavioral changing and controlling present behaviour: Maslow’s

theory of hierarchical needs and Herzberg’s two factor theory,

McGregor’s Theory X and theory Y: Integration of organizational

goals and needs of employees. 4 Hrs

SLE: Study of different motivational theories. UNIT 3: Human Resource Management: Selection and

recruitment, training of personnel, employer employee relationship,

causes and settlement of industrial disputes. 4 Hrs

SLE: Study of personnel selection criteria.

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UNIT 4: Management functions: Planning, organizing, staffing,

directing, controlling. Principles of management, managerial skills

and skill mix required at different levels, leadership styles. 4 Hrs

SLE: Study of leadership and management aspects in industry.

UNIT 5: Entrepreneurship: Definition, evolution of

entrepreneurship, Qualities of entrepreneur; barriers to

entrepreneurship, economic liberalization and development of

entrepreneurship. 2 Hrs

Small Scale Industries: Definition and objectives of SSI.

Government policy and support through different state and central

agencies; impact of economic liberalization on SSIs. Ancillary

industry and tiny industries. 3 Hrs

SLE: Study of women entrepreneurship and its relevance in the Indian context.

UNIT 6: Project Planning and Controlling: Definition of project,

identification of project, feasibility study from technical, marketing,

financial and social angles; preparation of project report, planning

commission guidelines; project appraisal – factors to be

considered, scheduling, use of CPM and PERT networks. 5 Hrs

SLE: Study of ‘MS Project’ by Microsoft Corp. TEXT BOOKS:

1. P.C. Tripathi, P.N. Reddy “Principle of Management”- TMH Publication

2. N. Narasimhaswamy “Engineering Economics and Management”: Publishers Dynaram Publications No 20, 1st Floor, South Cross road, Basavanagudi, Bangalore-560004.

3. Poornima M Charanthimath, “Entrepreneurship Development”, Pearson Education -2005.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. T.R. Banga and S.C. Sharma “Industrial Organization and Engineering Economics”.

2. S.S. Khanka, “Entrepreneurship Development”, S Chand and Co.

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POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LAB (0-0-3)

Sub Code : EE0109 CIE : 25 Marks

Hrs/Week : 03 Hrs SET : 25 Marks

Course Outcomes


1. Formulate Y-Bus and determine Bus currents and line currents

2. Determine the transmission line parameters

3. Perform the transient stability analysis

4. Perform load flow studies using numerical methods

5. Work effectively as a team member.

List of experiments:

1. a) Y Bus formation for power systems by inspection method.

b) Y-Bus formation by singular transformation method

c) Determination of bus currents, bus power and line flow for a system with a given voltage (Bus) Profile.

2. ABCD parameters: Formation for symmetric Π and T-

configuration. Verification of AD-BC=1 Determination of

efficiency and regulation.

3. Obtaining power angle characteristics for salient and non-salient pole synchronous machines and determination of reluctance power and voltage regulation.

4. To obtain i) Swing curve iiI) critical clearing time for a single

m/c connected to infinite bus.

5. Formation of Jacobian for a system not exceeding 4 buses (no

PV buses) in polar coordinates.

6. Program to perform load flow using Gauss- Seidel method (only

PQ bus).

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7. To determine fault currents and voltages in a single

transmission line systems with star-delta transformers at a

specified location for SLGF, DLGF.

8. Load flow analysis using Gauss Siedel method, NR method

and Fast decoupled load flow method.

9. Optimal Generator Scheduling for Thermal power plants.

10. Determine the transmission losses and efficiency by using

hardware simulator.

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RELAY AND HIGH VOLTAGE LAB (0-0-3)


Hrs/Week : 03 Hrs SET : 25 Marks Course Outcomes


1. Analyze and demonstrate the performance characterstics of relays and fuse

2. Demonstrate and distinguish the Spark over characteristics of air insulation with uniform and non uniform field configurations

3. Construct Field mapping by electrolytic tank method

4. Demonstrate the standard method of measurement of HVAC, HVDC and Impulse voltage.


List of experiments:

1. DMT characteristics of over voltage or under voltage relay. (solid state or Electromechanical type)

2. Operation of negative sequence relay.

3. Current-time characteristics of fuse.

4. Operating characteristics of microprocessor based (numeric) over – current relay.

5. Operating characteristics of microprocessor based (numeric) over/under voltage relay.

6. Spark over characteristics of air insulation subjected to high voltage AC with spark over voltage corrected to STP.

7. Spark over characteristics of air insulation subjected to high voltage AC, with spark over voltage corrected to STP for uniform and non-uniform field configuration.

8. Measurement of HVAC using standard spheres.

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9. Breakdown strength of transformer oil using oil-testing unit.

10. Field mapping using electrolytic tank for any one-model

cable/capacitor/transmission line/ Sphere gap models.

11. Generation of standard lightning impulse voltage and to

determine efficiency and energy of impulse generator.

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ELECTRICAL POWER QUALITY (4-0-0)




On successful completion of the course, the students will be able to: 1. Discuss the various power quality phenomenon.

2. Explain the effect of power quality phenomenon and mitigation methods

3. Discuss the fundamentals, evaluation and controlling of harmonics

4. Describe equipments and assessment of power quality monitoring.

UNIT-1: INTRODUCTION - Power quality concern, Categories and

Characteristics of Power System Electromagnetic Phenomena ,

power quality evaluation procedures, definition and cause of

various power quality disturbances. 8 Hrs

SLE: Justify the statement that power quality is the same as voltage quality, CBEMA and ITI Curves UNIT-2: VOLTAGE SAGS AND INTERRUPTIONS: Sources of

sags and interruptions, estimating voltage sag performance,

fundamental principles of protection, Solutions at the End-User

Level. 10 Hrs

SLE: Utility System Fault-Clearing Issues UNIT-3: TRANSIENTS OVER VOLTAGES: Sources of Transient

Over voltages, Ferroresonance phenomenon, Principles of

Overvoltage Protection , Devices for Overvoltage Protection ,Utility

Capacitor-Switching Transients ,Utility System Lightning

Protection. 8 Hrs

SLE: Cabel protection , Computer Tools for Transients Analysis

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UNIT-4: FUNDAMENTALS OF HARMONICS Harmonic Distortion,

Voltage versus Current Distortion, Harmonics versus Transients,

Harmonic Indices, Harmonic Sources from Commercial Loads and

Industrial loads, Locating Harmonic Sources, System Response

Characteristics, series and parallel resonance 10 Hrs

SLE: Harmonic sequence, Effects of Harmonic Distortion UNIT-5: APPLIED HARMONICS: Harmonic distortion evaluations,

principles for controlling harmonics, harmonic studies, modeling of

harmonic source, devices for controlling harmonic distortion,

harmonic filters. 8 Hrs

SLE: Standards on harmonics UNIT-6: POWER QUALITY MONITORING: Monitoring

considerations, power quality measurement equipments, assement

of power quality measurement data. 8 Hrs

SLE: Application of intelligent systems. TEXT BOOK: 1. “Electric Power Quality,”Dugan, Roger C, Santoso, Surya,

McGranaghan, Mark F Beaty, H. Wayne McGraw-Hill professional publication 2003.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. “Understanding power quality problems voltage sags and interruptions”- Math H. J.Bollen. IEEE Press, 2000

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ELECTRICAL ENERGY MANAGEMENT (4-0-0)




Course Outcomes:


1. Classify different types of energy resources

2. Discuss the concept of the energy conservation, different types of energy audit, role of energy managers and financial aspects of energy management.

3. Discuss the need of energy efficiency in electric utilities.

4. Explain energy efficiency concepts of transformers and electric motors.

5. Describe different types of energy efficient illumination.

6. Describe demand side energy management concepts.

UNIT 1: Energy Scenario: Introduction, primary and secondary

energy, commercial and noncommercial energy, non renewable

and renewable energy, global primary energy resources.

Indian energy scenario, energy conservation and its importance,

energy and environment. 8 Hrs

SLE.: Long term outlook for energy security for India UNIT 2: Energy Management and Audit: energy audit definitions,

need for energy audit, types of energy audit and approach,

preliminary, detailed and post audit phases, bench marking, plant

energy performance, instruments and metering for energy audit.

Financial Management: Introduction, financial analysis techniques-payback period, returns on investment (ROI), time value of money: net present valued method, internal rate of return method, electricity tariff and billing. 9 Hrs

SLE: Role of plant managers in energy conservation.

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UNIT 3: Energy Efficiency in Electrical Utilities: Introduction,

electrical load management and maximum demand control,

Economics of power factor improvement, automatic power factor

controllers, selection and location of capacitors, performance

assessment of power factor capacitors, T&D losses in power

systems, Technical losses and commercial losses, A T & C losses,

measures to reduce commercial losses. 9 Hrs

SLE: Role of vigilance and monitoring of misuse of electrical energy. UNIT 4: Transformers and Electric Motors: Energy efficient

transformers, standards and labeling program for distribution

transformers. Energy performance assessment of motors and

variable speed drives: Introduction, determining motor loading,

concept of variable frequency drive, need for VFD, principles of

VFD, soft starters, star labeling of energy efficient induction motors.

Selection of Motors, Energy efficient motor, factors affecting energy

efficiency and minimizing motor losses in operation, rewinding

effects on energy efficiency. 9 Hrs

SLE: Awareness of energy efficiency programs. UNIT 5: Lighting System: Introduction, basic parameters and terms

in lighting system, light sources and types of lamps, recommended

illumination levels for various tasks, activities locations. Methods of

calculating illumination levels and energy saving opportunities.

Energy efficient lighting controls. 9 Hrs

SLE: Economic aspects of using LED lamps. UNIT 6: Demand Side Management and Demand Response:

Introduction to DSM, Concept of DSM and Demand Response,

Classification of DSM programs, Objectives & importance of DSM,

DSM techniques, Load shaping objectives, time of day pricing,

Benefits of DSM. 8 Hrs

SLE: Role of smart metering in DSM

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TEXT BOOKS:

1. “Energy Technology”, S.Rao and Dr. B.B.Parulekar, 3rd edition, Khanna Publishers.

2. “Energy Manager Training Programme (2012)”, Bureau of Energy Efficiency

3. “Demand-side management from a sustainable develop-ment perspective”, TERI and IREDA, 2003.

4. “Engineering Economics and Management”, N Narasim-haswamy, Dynaram Publications

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POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS AND CONTROL (4-0-0)




Course Outcomes


1. Analyse the concepts associated with Small Signal Stability and Transient Stability.

2. Model and evaluate the steady state performance of Synchronous generator.

3. Discuss the modeling aspects of various components of Power Systems viz., excitation system, prime mover, speed governing system, transmission lines and loads.

4. Illustrate the dynamics of a synchronous generator connected to an infinite bus.

5. Explore the small perturbation stability characteristics of a SMIB system by giving an insight into effects of machine & system parameters and voltage regulator gain.

6. Design a Power System Stabilizer (PSS) and analyse the dynamics of a SMIB system with and without PSS.

UNIT 1: Introduction: Power system stability, States of operation

and System security, System model, Some mathematical

preliminaries, Analysis of steady state stability. 8 Hrs

SLE: Analysis of transient stability

UNIT 2: System Modeling and Dynamics of Synchronous

Generator: Modeling of synchronous machine, Park’s

transformation, Transformation of flux linkages, Transformation of

stator voltage equations, Transformation of the torque equation,

Choice of Park’s constants .Analysis of steady state performance,

Equivalent circuits of synchronous machine. 9 Hrs

SLE: Per unit quantities

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UNIT 3: Modeling of Excitation system and Prime Movers:

Introduction, Excitation system modeling, Types of excitation, IEEE

Type-1 Excitation system, System representation by state

equations. 9 Hrs

SLE: Prime-mover control system

UNIT 4: Transmission line, SVC and Load Modeling: Modeling

of transmission network, Transformation to D-Q components,

Steady state equations, Modeling of SVC, Static load modeling. 9 Hrs

SLE: Dynamic load modeling

UNIT 5: Dynamics of a synchronous generator connected to infinite bus: System model, Synchronous machine model, Application of model 1.1, Calculation of initial conditions. 9 Hrs

SLE: System simulation

UNIT 6: Small Signal Stability and Power System Stabilizers:

Small signal analysis with block diagram representation of SMIB

systems with generator represented by classical model.

Synchronizing and damping torque analysis. Basic concepts in

applying PSS, Structure and tuning of PSS. 9 Hrs

SLE: Control signals for PSS TEXT BOOK:

1. “Power System Dynamics Control and Stability”, K.R. Padiyar, Second Edition, B S Publications.

2. “Power System Stability and Control”, Prabha Kundur ,Tata Mc Graw – Hill edition.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. “Power System Dynamics and Stability”, Peter Sauer and M.A.Pai, Pearson Education Asia.

2. “Analysis of Electric Machinery”, Paul C.Krause, McGraw-Hill Book company.

3. “Generalized Theory of Electrical Machines”, Fifth Edition, Dr.P.S.Bimbhra, Khanna Publishers

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ADVANCED NANO-SCIENCE

AND TECHNOLOGY (2-0-1-3)

Sub Code : ME0452 CIE : 50% Marks



Total: 52 Hrs

Credit:2.0.1

Course Outcomes

After the successful completion of this course, the students will be able to:

1. Define the basics of miniaturization at nanoscale.

2. Classify the Semiconducting materials and devices at

nanoscale

3. Summarize the basics of Nanoscale heat transfer and fluid dynamics.

4. Experiments will provide broad prospect of advance research techniques involved in nanotechnology research field.

UNIT 1: Introduction to Miniaturization: Scaling laws and

accuracy, scaling in mechanics, scaling in electricity and

electromagnetism, scaling in optics, scaling in heat transfer, scaling

in fluids. 8 Hrs

SLE: Accuracy of the scaling laws

UNIT 2: Nanoscale semiconductors: Tuning the band gap of

nanoscale semiconductors, Quantum Confinement, The density of

States for Solids, Single Electron transistor, Molecular Electronics,

the colors and uses of quantum dots, lasers based on quantum

confinement, Semiconductor nanowires-Fabrication strategies,

quantum conductance effects in semiconductor nanowires,

fabrication of porous Silicon, nanobelts and nanosprings

34

Nano devices: In organic and Organic Light Emitting Diodes

(OLEDS), Perovskites thin film Photovoltaics, Quantum Dot thin

film Photovoltaics, Organic and in organic Thin film Photovoltaics.

15 Hrs

SLE: Current research trends on thin film Photovoltaics UNIT 3: Nanoscale heat transfer and Fluid dynamics:

Introduction, All heat is Nanoscale Heat: Boltzman constant, The

Thermal Conductivity of Nanoscale Structures, Convection,

Radiation

Nanoscale Fluid dynamics: Introduction, Low Reynolds

Numbers, Surface Chrages and The Electrical Double Layer,

Pressure Driven Flow, Gravity-Driven Flow, Electroosmosis,

Superposition of Flows, Stokes Flow Around A particle. 13 Hrs

SLE: Applications of Nanofluidics

Lab Experiments: 16 Hrs

1. Thin film preparation by DC sputtering

2. Thin film preparation by Thermal Evaporation

3. Thin film preparation by Sol-Gel Method (Spin and Dip)

4. Characterization studies of thin films by AFM

5. Phase studies of thin film by XRD

6. Optical properties of thin films by UV-Visible

TEXT BOOK:

1. Nanotechnology understanding small systems, 2nd Edition, by Ben rogers, CRC press

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Micro-And Nanoscale Fluid Mechanics-transport in microfluidic device by Brian J. Kirby, Cambridge University Press

2. Micro and Nanoscale Heat Transfer by Sebastain Volz, Springer

35

Assessment Methods:

1. Written Tests (Test, Mid Semester Exam & Make Up Test) are Evaluated for 20 Marks each

2. Assignment for 10 marks. Students are required to either

a. Deliver a presentation on a topic of significance in the field of Advance Nanoscience and Technology. A report, supported by technical publications, of the same topic has to be prepared.

Mapping of COs to POs:

Course Outcomes Programme Outcomes that

are satisfied by the Cos

CO1 PO1

CO2 PO1, PO2

CO3 PO1, PO2, PO3,

CO4 PO1, PO2, PO3 & PO4

36

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS (3-0-0)





1. Describe the functional blocks of a typical embedded system and fundamental issues in selecting a processor.

2. Explain the working of peripherals, interfacing concepts, Bus architecture and protocols.

3. Recognize the trends in embedded operating systems, evolution of development languages.

4. Apply the techniques to solve simple problems on embedded designs.

UNIT-1: INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEMS: Embedded

Systems Overview, Design Challenge, Processor Technology, IC

Technology, Design Technology, Trade-Offs.

CUSTOM SINGLE PURPOSE PROCESSORS: HARDWARE:

Introduction, Combinational Logic, Sequential Logic, Custom

Single Purpose Processor Design, Rt-Level Custom Single

Purpose Processor Design. 6 Hrs

SLE: Optimizing Custom Single Purpose Processors. UNIT-2: GENERAL PURPOSE PROCESSORS: Introduction;

Basic Architecture, Operation, Programmer’s View, Development

Environment, ASIPs, Selecting a Microprocessor.

SLE: General Purpose Processor Design. 6 Hrs

UNIT-3: STANDARD SINGLE-PURPOSE PROCESSORS:

PERIPHERALS: Introduction, Timers, counters And Watchdog

Timer, UART, Pulse Width Modulators, LCD Controllers, Keypad

Controllers, Stepper Motor Controllers, Analog to Digital

Converters, Real Time Clock. 8 Hrs

37

SLE: Memory Write Ability and Storage Permanence, Common Memory Types, Composing Memory, Memory Hierarchy and Cache, Advanced RAM. UNIT-4: INTERFACING: Introduction, Communication Basics,

Microprocessor Interfacing: I/O Addressing, Interrupts, Direct

Memory Access, Arbitration, Multilevel Bus Architecture, Advance

Communication Principles, Serial Protocols, Parallel Protocols.

8 Hrs

SLE: Wireless Protocols

UNIT-5: INTRODUCTION TO REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS: Tasks and Task States, Tasks and Data, Semaphores and Shared Data. MORE OPERATING SYSTEMS SERVICES: Message Queues

and Pipes; Timer Functions; Events, Memory Management. 6 Hrs

SLE: Interrupt Routines in an RTOS Environment UNIT-6: BASIC DESIGN USING REAL TIME OPERATING

SYSTEMS: Overview, Principles, An Example, Encapsulating

Semaphores and Queues, Hard Real Time Scheduling

Consideration, Saving Memory Space, Saving Power. 6 Hrs

SLE: Mailbox

TEXT BOOKS:

1. “Embedded System Design, A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction”, Frank Vahid / Tony Givargis,2006 reprint, John Wiley Student Edition.

2. “An Embedded Software Primer”, David .E. Simon, Fourth Impression 2007, Pearson Education.

REFERENCE BOOK:

1. “Embedded Systems, Raj Kamal”, 13th reprint 2007, Tata-McGrawHill Publications.

2. “Embedded Microcomputer Systems”, Valvano, Thomson.

38

FUZZY LOGIC AND SOFT COMPUTING (3-0-0)




Course Outcomes


1. Define crisp logic, fuzzy logic variables and fuzzy neuro systems.

2. Describe basic concepts of Fuzzy logic and fuzzy Set with illustrations.

3. Analyse fuzzy rule development.

4. Explain genetic algorithms and its industrial applications

UNIT – 1: INTRODUCTION: What is fuzzy logic (FL), history of FL, Why use FL for control. BASIC CONCEPTS OF FUZZY LOGIC: Fuzzy sets, linguistic

variables, possibility distributions, fuzzy rules. 6 Hrs

SLE: General applications for fuzzy based systems. UNIT – 2: FUZZY SETS: Classical sets, fuzzy sets, operations of fuzzy sets, properties of fuzzy sets, geometrical interpretation of fuzzy sets. FUZZY RELATIONS, FUZZY GRAPHS AND FUZZY

ARITHMETIC: Fuzzy relations, composition of fuzzy relations,

fuzzy graphs, fuzzy numbers, function with fuzzy arguments,

arithmetic operations on fuzzy numbers. 8 Hrs

SLE: Classical fuzzy sets and operation of fuzzy set theory. UNIT – 3: FUZZY IF-THEN RULES: Introduction, two types of

fuzzy rules, fuzzy rule based models for function approximation,

theoretical foundation of fuzzy mapping rules, types of fuzzy rule

based models – mamdani model, TSK model, SAM model 6 Hrs

SLE: Define fuzzy associated memory (FAM) rules.

39

UNIT – 4: FUZZY IMPLICATIONS and APPROXIMATE

REASONING: Propositional logic, first-order predicate calculus,

fuzzy logic. 4 Hrs

SLE: Define fuzzy approximate reasoning. UNIT – 5: NEURO-FUZZY SYSTEMS: Basics of neural networks,

Neural networks and fuzzy logic, Supervised neural network

learning of fuzzy models, reinforcement-based learning of fuzzy

models, using neural networks to partition the input space, neuro-

fuzzy modeling examples. 8 Hrs

SLE: Hybrid Fuzzy Neural Network system examples. UNIT – 6: GENETIC ALGORITHMS AND FUZZY LOGIC: Basics

of genetic algorithms (GA), design issues in GA, improving the

convergence rate, A simplex-GA hybrid approach, GA-based fuzzy

model identification, industrial applications. 8 Hrs

SLE: Compare features of genetic algorithm and fuzzy logic TEXT BOOK:

“Fuzzy Logic-Intelligence, control and information”, John yen and Reza langari, LPE, Pearson education

40

OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING WITH C++ (3-0-0)





1. Distinguish object oriented paradigm with procedure oriented paradigm.

2. Describe the concept of classes, objects, constructors and destructors.

3. Discuss the different methods of inheritance, importance of virtual functions & polymorphism.

4. Describe various types of operators for operator overloading.

UNIT 1: The evolution of the object model, the elements of the

object model, Introduction to C++: A Review of Structures,

Procedure-Oriented Programming Systems, Object-Oriented

Programming Systems, Comparison of C++ with C, Console

Input/output in C++, Variables in C++, Reference Variables in C++,

Function Prototyping, Function Overloading, Default Values for

Formal Arguments of Functions, Inline Functions. 7 Hrs

SLE: Compare & contrast object oriented paradigm with traditional methods with illustrations.

UNIT 2: Classes and Objects: Introduction to Classes and Objects,

the nature of an object, relationships among objects the nature of a

class, relationships among classes, on building quality objects and

classes, important of proper classification, identifying classes and

objects, Member Functions and Member Data, Objects and

Functions, Objects and Arrays, Namespaces, Nested Classes.

7 Hrs

41

SLE: Build, execute and Analyse the programs based on objects and classes.

UNIT 3: Dynamic Memory Management: Introduction, Dynamic

Memory Allocation, Dynamic Memory Deallocation, The

set_new_handler () function. Constructors and Destructors:

Constructors, Destructors, The Philosophy of OOP. 6 Hrs

SLE: Explore the concept of Constructors with two dimensional arrays.

UNIT 4:Inheritance: Introduction to Inheritance, Base Class and

Derived Class Pointers, Function Overriding, Base Class

Initialization, The Protected Access Specifier, Deriving by Different

Access Specifiers, Different Kinds of Inheritance, Order of

Invocation of Constructors and Destructors. 7 Hrs

SLE: Build,edit,debug the programs based on the concept of inheritance.

UNIT 5: Virtual Functions and Dynamic Polymorphism: The Need

for Virtual Functions, Virtual Functions, The Mechanism of Virtual

Functions, Pure Virtual Functions, Virtual Destructors and Virtual

Constructors. 7 Hrs

SLE: Analyse the real world problems appreciating the concept of polymorphism and virtual functions. UNIT 6: Operator Overloading: Operator Overloading, Overloading

the Various Operators – Overloading the Increment and the

Decrement Operators (Prefix and Postfix), Overloading the Unary

Minus and the Unary Plus Operator, Overloading the Arithmetic

Operators, Overloading the Relational Operators, Overloading the

Assignment Operator, Overloading the Insertion and Extraction

Operators, Overloading the new and the delete Operators,

Overloading the Subscript Operator, Overloading the Pointer-to-

member (->) Operator (Smart Pointer). 6 Hrs

SLE: Acquire the knowledge of operator overloading by illustrations.

42

TEXT BOOK:

1. Object-Oriented Programming with C++, Sourav Sahay, Oxford University Press, 2006. (Chapters 1 to 10).

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. The C++ program language by Bjarne Stroustrup Pearson Education Asia

2. C++ Primer, Stanley B. Lippman, Josee Lajoie, Barbara E. Moo, 4th Edition, Addison Wesley, 2005.

3. The Complete Reference C++, Herbert Schildt, 4th Edition, TMH, 2005.

4. Object-Oriented analysis and Design with applications by GRADY BOOCH Published by Addison Wesley

43

PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS (3-0-0)





1. Describe the architecture, basic configurations, input and output devices of PLC.

2. Identify the programming constructs using ladder diagram, Instruction list, Sequential function charts (SFC), structured text.

3. Analyse the ladder diagram for Timers, counters, sequencers for some closed end academic programming exercises.

4. Apply PLC for solving control problems involving classical PID control strategies.

5. Demonstrate PLC application for process control and distributed control problems.

UNIT 1: Programming logic controller hardware and internal

architecture, PLC systems Basic configuration and development,

programming of PLC Hand-held programming, desktop and PC

configurated system 7 Hrs

SLE: Interface of encoder device to PLC UNIT 2 : Input devices, mechanical switches, proximity switches,

photoelectric sensors and switches, temperature sensors, position

sensors, pressure sensors, smart sensors. 6 Hrs

SLE: Serial and Parallel communication standards UNIT 3 : Output devices, Relay, directional control valves, control

of single and double acting cylinder control, DC motor, stepper

motor, conveyors control, I/O processing-signal conditioning,

44

remote connections, networks, processing inputs, programming

features. 7 Hrs

SLE: Implementation of different programming languages to practical systems. UNIT 4 : Ladder programming, ladder diagrams, logic functions,

latching multiple outputs, entering programs, function blocks,

programming with examples, instruction list(IL), sequential function

charts(SFC), structured text example with programs. 8 Hrs

SLE: Sequencers UNIT 5 : Ladder program development examples with jump and

call subroutines, timers, programming timers, off-delay timers,

pulse timers, counters, forms of counter, up and down counting,

timer with counters, sequencers, programming with examples.

8 Hrs SLE: alarm program UNIT 6: Development of temperature control, valve sequencing, conveyor belt control, bottle packing using PLC systems. 4 Hrs SLE: Bottle packing using PLC systems TEXT BOOKS:

1. “Programming Logic Controllers”, W. Bolten, Elsevier Publication, Oxford UK

REFERANCE BOOKS

2. “Programmable logic controllers principle and application”, John W Webb, Ronald Reis, Pearson publication.

3. “Programmable Controller Theory and Applications”, L.A Bryan and E.A Bryan.

4. “Programmable Controllers-An Engineers Guide”, E.A Paar, Newness publication.

45

MINI PROJECT (2 credits)


Hrs/Week : 04 Hrs SEE : -- Marks

SEE Hrs : -- Course Outcomes

On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

1. Identify the topic of relevance within the discipline

2. Formulate the problem, develop and implement solution

methodology.

3. Judiciously execute the project schedule.

4. Harness the modern tools.

5. Analyze, interpret the results and establish the scope for

future work.

6. Inculcate ethical practices.

7. Document and present reports.


46

PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PRACTICE (3-0-0)




Course Outcomes


1. Explain and discuss characteristics of Engineering Profession, Professional responsibility, Reporting and Rules of Practice.

2. Discuss and analyze conflicts of interest, Confidentiality and certification aspects.

3. Discuss about Professional Standards, Practice Guidelines, Professional misconduct and Code of Ethics

4. Analyze feasibility of projects, Coordinate and control execution of Projects.

5. Describe Concepts of Project Management and apply project management tools and techniques.

UNIT 1: Introduction, Characteristics of a Profession, The

Engineering Profession, Licence. Professional Responsibility, The

Engineer’s Duty to Report. Rules of Practice; Use of the

Professional Engineers Seal, relations with Client or Employer,

Due Diligence. 07 Hrs

SLE: Professional Engineering Bodies in India. UNIT 2: Report Writing, Giving Options, Communications,

Retaining Documents, Confidential Information, Volunteering, Data

Gathering at the Beginning of a Project. Conflicts of Interest,

Certificate of Authorization, Sample template 7 Hrs

SLE: Software available for report writing.

UNIT 3: Professional Standards, Practice Guidelines. Professional

Misconduct, Code of Ethics for the Profession. 6 Hrs

47

SLE: Professional code set forth by the Institution of Engineers, India

UNIT 4: Concepts of Project Management: Concepts of a project,

Categories of projects, Phase of project life cycle, Tools and

techniques for project management. 6 Hrs

SLE: Roles and responsibility of project leader

UNIT5: Project Planning and Estimating: Technical Feasiblity,

Estimating Financial Feasiblity, NPV, IRR, Comparison of

alternatives with unequal lives, sample template. 7 Hrs

SLE: Objectives and goals of a project

UNIT 6: Tools and Techniques of Project Management: Bar

(GANTT) chart, bar chart for Combined activities, logic diagrams

and networks, Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)

planning. 7 Hrs

SLE: Role of computers in project management. RESOURCE MATERIALS AND BOOKS:

1. Professional Engineering Practice: Professional Engineers Ontario, 101-40 Sheppard Avenue West Toronto ON M2N 6K9

2. Caroline Whitebeck “Ethics in Engineering Practice and Research”, Cambridge University Press, 2nd Edition, 2011.

3. Principles of Engineering Practice – MIT Open Course Ware

4. Harold Kerzner, “Project Management a System approach to planning Scheduling & Controlling” 10th Edition 2009, John Wiley & Sons.

5. Chaudhry S, “Project Execution Plan: Plan for project Execution interaction”, 2001.

48

ELECTRIC DRIVES (4-0-0)




Course Outcomes


1. Describe the dynamics of an electric drive system.

2. Explain the factors considered to select the motors for various drive systems.

3. Describe the operation of DC & AC motor drives.

4. Explain the applications of AC, DC Drives in Industry.

UNIT 1: An introduction to electrical drives & its dynamics: Electrical drives, Advantages of electrical drives, Parts of electrical drives, choice of

electrical drives, status of dc and ac drives, Dynamics of electrical

drives, Fundamental torque equation, speed torque conventions

and multiquadrant operation. Equivalent values of drive

parameters, components of low torques, nature and classification

of load torques, calculation of time and energy loss in transient

operations, steady state stability, load equalization. 9 Hrs

SLE: Modern Electric drive system employing power electronic converters, Multi-disciplinary nature of electric drive system, Comparison between DC and AC drives UNIT 2: Selection of motor power rating: Thermal model of

motor for heating and cooling, Classes of motor duty, determination

of motor rating. 5 Hrs

SLE: Study the characteristics, specifications of motor used in various drive system.

49

UNIT 3: D C Motor drives: Starting braking, transient analysis,

single phase fully controlled rectifier, control of separately excited

dc motor, Single-phase half controlled rectifier control of separately

excited dc motor. Three phase fully controlled rectifier - control of

separately excited dc motor, three phase half controlled rectifier -

control of separately excited dc motor, multi-quadrant operation of

separately excited dc motor fed from fully controlled rectifier.

Control of dc series motor, chopper controlled dc drives- separately

excited dc motor and series motor. 12 Hrs

SLE: THYRISTOR D.C. DRIVES – GENERAL, Examples of drive systems, Basic torque equation UNIT 4: INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVES: Operation with unbalanced

source voltage and single phasing, operation with unbalanced rotor

impedances, analysis of induction motor fed from non-sinusoidal

voltage supply, starting braking, transient analysis. 6 Hrs

SLE: Variable reluctance and permanent magnet stepper motor Drives. UNIT 5: Stator voltage control: Variable voltage and variable

frequency control, voltage source inverter control, closed loop

control, current source inverter control, rotor resistance control, slip

power recovery, speed control of single phase induction motors,

applications of induction motors drives. 6 Hrs

SLE: Advantages of a converter fed induction motor over a line fed

motor, speed control by variation of slip frequency.

UNIT 6: Synchronous motor drives: Operation from fixed

frequency supply, synchronous motor variable speed drives, and

variable frequency control of multiple synchronous motors. Self-

controlled synchronous motor drive employing load commutated

thyristor inverter. Single-phase full-bridge PWM inverter drive, Half-

bridge rectifier with full-bridge PWM inverter.

Industrial drives: Rolling mill drives, cement mill drives, paper mill

drives and textile mill drives. 14 Hrs

SLE: Motivation for variable-speed AC drives, Applications.

50

TEXT BOOK:

1. Fundamentals of Electrical Drives, G.K Dubey , Narosa publishing house, 2nd Edition,2002.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

2. Electrical Drives, N.K De and P.K. Sen- PHI, 2009.

3. A First Course On Electric Drives, S.K Pillai-Wiley Eastern Ltd 1990.

4. Power Electronics, Devices, Circuits and Industrial Applications, V.R. Moorthi, “Oxford University Press, 2005.

5. Electric Motor Drives, MODELING, ANALYSIS and Control, R.Krishnan, PHI,2008.

51

POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL (3-0-0)




Course Outcomes


1. Discuss load frequency control techniques and the methods of voltage and reactive power control.

2. Explain the need and the importance of unit commitment and power system security.

3. Explain the recent trends in power system operation and control.

Unit 1: INTRODUCTION

Basic concepts of operation and control of power system,

Operational Objectives of a Power System, Hierarchy of controls in

a power system, Major Threats to System Security, Key Concepts

for Reliable Operation, Operating States of Power System &

Nature of Control Actions, Control Problems, energy management

centres. 6 Hrs

SLE: Major components of energy centres Unit II: AUTOMATIC GENERATION CONTROL

Introduction, basic generator control loops, functions of AGC,

speed governors, mathematical model of ALFC, automatic

generation control, Proportional integral controller, time deviation,

two-area load frequency control. 7 Hrs

SLE: Load frequency control and economic dispatch control Unit III: CONTROL OF VOLTAGE AND REACTIVE POWER CONTROL

Introduction, generation and absorption of reactive power, methods

of voltage control, dependence of voltage on reactive power,

sensitivity of voltage to changes in P and Q, cost saving, methods

52

of voltage control by reactive power injection, voltage control using

transformers. 7 Hrs

SLE: Flexible AC transmission controllers - SVC, STATCOM and TCSC Unit IV: UNIT COMMITMENT AND POWER SYSTEM SECURITY

Introduction, simple enumeration, constraints in unit commitment,

priority list method, security levels of system, reliability cost,

functions of system security, contingency analysis. 7 Hrs

SLE: Linear sensitivity factors UNIT V: SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION

Introduction, components of SCADA system, standard SCADA

configurations, functionality, users of power system SCADA, data

for a supervisory power system, transducers for data acquisition,

RTUs for power system SCADA, common communication channels

for SCADA in power systems, power system operator’s

requirements 7 Hrs

SLE: Constraints on the design and implementation of SCADA systems UNIT VI: RECENT TRENDS IN POWER SYSTEM OPERTATION AND CONTROL

Demand- side management, availability- based tariff, smart grid,

distributed generation. 6 Hrs

SLE: Distribution automation TEXT BOOKS:

1. “Power System- Operation and Control”, Dr.K.Uma Rao, Wiley India

2. “Modern Power System Analysis”- I J Nagarath and D P Kothari, TMH, 3rd Edition, 2003

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. “Power generation, operation and control”, Allen J Wood and Woollenberg. John Wiley and Sons, Second Edition, 2009.

2. “Power System Analysis, Operation and Control”, S. Sivaganaraju.

53

EHV AC TRANSMISSION (3-0-0)




Course Outcomes


1. Explain the importance of EHV systems

2. Analyze the inductance and capacitance of EHV line configuration

3. Evaluate surface voltage gradient of conductors and effect of corona

4. Discuss different types of over voltage and method of voltage control in EHV line

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION: Necessity of EHV AC transmission –

advantages and problems–power handling capacity and line

losses- mechanical considerations – resistance of conductors –

properties of bundled conductors – bundle spacing and bundle

radius- Examples. 6 Hrs

SLE: Standard transmission line voltages and Avarage values of line parameter

UNIT 2: LINE AND GROUND REACTIVE PARAMETERS: Line

inductance and capacitances –sequence inductances and

capacitances – modes of propagation – ground return – R L

Calculations and Examples 6 Hrs

SLE: Properties of bundle conductor, temperature rise of conductor and current carrying capacity UNIT 3: VOLTAGE GRADIENTS OF CONDUCTORS:

Electrostatics – field of sphere gap – charge – potential relations

for multi-conductors – surface voltage gradient on conductors –

distribution of voltage gradient on bundled conductors. 8 Hrs

54

SLE: field of line charges and properties UNIT 4: CORONA EFFECTS: Introduction, principle of corona,

factor affecting corona .critical disruptive voltage .Power loss and

audible noise (AN) – corona loss formulae –– generation,

characteristics - limits and measurements of AN – Examples. Radio

interference (RI) – corona pulses generation, properties, limits –

frequency spectrum – modes of propagation – attenuation –

measurement of RI, RI, Examples 7 Hrs

SLE: Design criteria for EHVAC line UNIT 5: OVER VOLTAGES IN EHV SYSTEMS: Origin of Over

voltages and their types, short circuit current and the circuit

breaker, overvoltage caused by the interruption of low inductive

current, ferro resonance Overvoltage. Reduction of switching

surges .Types of Electrode geometries used in EHV systems.

Insulation characteristics of long air gaps. 6 Hrs

SLE: Types of Electrode geometries used in EHV systems UNIT 6: POWER FREQUENCY VOLTAGE CONTROL: Power

circle diagram and its use – voltage control using synchronous

condensers – cascade connection of shunt and series

compensation – sub synchronous resonance in series capacitor –

compensated lines – static VAR compensating system. 6 Hrs

SLE: Telecommunications in EHV systems.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. ”Extra High Voltage AC Transmission Engineering” by Rakosh Das Begamudre, New Age International Publishers.

2. “EHV-AC, HVDC, Transmission and Distribution

Engineering” by S.Rao, Khanna Publishers

55

HVDC TRANSMISSION (3-0-0)





1. Discuss the components and techniques of state-of-art in HVDC technology

2. Analyze converter circuits and methods of HVDC power control

3. Discuss the HVDC converter faults and protection schemes

4. Describe concept of Reactive power control and design of harmonic filters.

UNIT 1: DC POWER TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGY:

Introduction, Comparison of AC and DC transmission, Applications

of Dc transmission, description of DC transmission system, Types

of DC links, planning for HVDC transmission. 6 Hrs

SLE: Modern trends in DC transmission.

UNIT 2: ANALYSIS OF HVDC CONVERTERS: Pulse Number,

Choice of Converter configuration, Simplified analysis of Gratez

circuit without and with overlap, Characteristics of Twelve Pulse

Converter. 6 Hrs

SLE: Converter Bridge Characteristics

UNIT 3: CONVERTER and HVDC SYSTEMS: Principles of DC link control, Converter control characteristics and its modifications, system control hierarchy, firing angle control, current and extinction angle control, starting and stopping of DC link, Power control, SLE: Higher level controller. 8 Hrs

UNIT 4 : SMOOTHNING REACTOR AND DC LINE: Introduction, smoothing reactor, DC line Transient over voltage in a DC line , Protection of Dc line and DC breakers.

56

SLE: Monopolar operation 6 Hrs

UNIT 5: CONVERTER FAULTS AND PROTECTION: Introduction,

Converter Faults, Protection against over currents, over voltages in

converter stations, protection against over voltages. 6 Hrs

SLE: Surge arresters UNIT 6: REACTIVE POWER CONTROL AND FILTERS: Reactive power requirements in steady state, sources of reactive power, Static Var Systems, , Design of AC filters and DC filters.

SLE: Generation of harmonics 8 Hrs

TEXT BOOK:

1. “HVDC POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS Techno-logy and System Interactions” K R Padiyar New age international limited publishers.

REFERENCE BOOK:

1. E. W. Kimbark, "Direct Current Transmission,” John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,

57

DESIGN OF CONTROL SYSTEMS (3-0-0)




On successful completion of the course, the students will be able to: 1. Recall the time domain and frequency domain response

specifications and the Stability concepts.

2. Design lead, lag and lag-lead compensators in time domain.

3. Design lead, lag and lag-lead compensators in frequency domain.

4. Describe the realization of PID controllers by passive and active elements.

5. Design proportional, integral and derivative controllers in time domain.

6. Discuss various tuning rules of PID controller.

UNIT 1: Review of time response analysis, Performance indices,

Approximation of high-order systems by lower-order systems, Time

domain and frequency domain specifications, Stability from Root –

locus and Bode plots. 6 Hrs

SLE: Relationship between phase margin and damping ratio

UNIT 2: Approaches to design problem, Preliminary considerations

of classical design, Design of lead, lag compensators using Root-

locus. 7 Hrs

SLE: Design of Lag-lead compensator using Root-locus diagram

UNIT 3: Cascade compensation in frequency domain, Design of

Lead and Lag compensators using Bode diagrams, Realization of

compensators by passive and active elements, Comparison of

characteristics of phase lead and lag networks. 7 Hrs

SLE: Design of lag-lead compensator using Bode diagrams

58

UNIT 4: Industrial automatic controllers, Proportional control,

Integral control, Proportional plus Integral control, Proportional plus

Derivative control, Proportional plus Integral plus Derivative control,

Effects of different controllers. 7 Hrs

SLE: Generating hardware for industrial controllers. UNIT 5: Design of P, PI and PD controllers using the Root–locus

diagrams, Rate feedback compensator design, Minor loop

feedback compensation. 7 Hrs

SLE: Design of PID controllers using the Root-locus diagrams UNIT 6: Tuning rules for PID controllers, Ziegler-Nichols rules for

tuning PID controllers-First method, second method, Design

considerations for robust control. 6 Hrs

SLE: Modifications of PID control schemes TEXT BOOKS:

1. Katsuhiko Ogata “Modern Control Engineering”, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall of India.

2. I.J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, “Control Systems Engineering”, 5th Edition, New Age International (P) Ltd.

3. A.K.Tripathi & Dinesh Chandra, “Control System Analysis and Design”, New Age International Publishers.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Richard C. Dorf and Robert H, “Modern Control Systems”, Bishop, Addison Wesley, 8th Edition.

59

MODERN POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION (3-0-0)




On successful completion of the course, the students will be able to: 1. Discuss basic concepts of static relays and Analyse static

relays through block diagram approach.

2. Discuss concepts of amplitude and phase comparators and Analyse different comparators through comparator equations.

3. Discuss Principle of Operation of distance relays.

4. Analyse need of pilot relaying schemes and discuss various pilot relaying schemes.

5. Discuss the operation of different micro processor based relays.

6. Explain tests performed on relays. UNIT 1: Introduction to Static Relays: Definition of static relay,

Advantages over electromagnetic relay, General Block Diagram of

Static Relay, Static Voltage and Current Relays (Block Diagram

Approach Only). 6 Hrs

SLE: Study of static voltage relay circuit. UNIT 2: Comparators: Principle of amplitude and phase

comparator, Derivation of general equation of amplitude and phase

comparators, Realization of Ohm, Impedance, Reactance, Mho

and Offset Mho relay characteristics from general equation, Types

of amplitude comparator- Rectifier bridge type, Direct comparator,

Transductor type and Sampling type. Types of Phase comparator –

Coincidence type, Phase splitting type and Integrating type. 7 Hrs

SLE: Duality between amplitude and phase comparators.

60

UNIT 3: Distance Protection: Principle of operation of distance

relays, Types of distance relays, reach of distance relays-over

reach and under reach. 3 zone protection of transmission line

section using distance rely, operating principle and characteristics

of impedance, reactance, Mho, offset Mho and Ohm relays,

switched distance schemes-star-delta switching, inter phase

switching. 6 Hrs

SLE: Effect of arc resistance on the performance of distance relays. UNIT 4: Pilot Relaying: Definition of Pilot, need of Pilot Relaying

Scheme, types of pilots, wire pilot protection-circulating current

scheme, balanced voltage scheme, Transley S Scheme, half wave

comparison scheme (schematic diagram analysis only). Carrier

current protection- phase comparison and directional comparison

schemes. 6 Hrs

SLE: Merits and de merits of unit protection and distance protection schemes. UNIT 5: Micro Processor based Protective Relays: Factors

encouraging design of Micro processor based protective relays,

general block diagram of micro processor based protective relays,

micro processor based over current relay, voltage relays,

directional relays, measurement of R and X, micro processor

based distance relays- impedance relay, reactance relay, Mho

relay, offset Mho relay. 8 Hrs

SLE: Study modified program flowchart to differentiate between over current fault and transient fault. UNIT 6: Reliability, Testing and Maintenance of protective

relays: Environmental factors affecting protective relays, factors to

be considered for reliability assessment of protective relays,

Testing of relays- Factory test, commissioning test and

maintenance tests. 6 Hrs

SLE: Study the difference between testing of electromagnetic and static relays.

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TEXT BOOKS:

1. Badriram and Vishwa Kharma, “Power System Protection and Switchgear”, 2nd edition, TMH, 2011.

2. Bhavesh Bhalja. R P Maheshwari and Nilesh G. Chothani“Protection and Switchgear” Oxford University Press, 2011.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Ravindranth and Chander, “Power System Protection and Switch Gear” New Age International,2008.

2. T.S.MadhavaRao, “Static Relays with Microprocessor Application” TMH,2009

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MAJOR PROJECT (6 credits)



SEE Hrs : 1.5 Hrs Course Outcomes

On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

1. Identify the topic of relevance within the discipline

2. Carry out literature survey.

3. Formulate the problem, develop and implement solution

methodology.

4. Judiciously execute the project schedule.

5. Harness the modern tools.

6. Analyze, interpret the results and establish the scope for

future work.

7. Identify and execute economically feasible projects fo

social relevance.

8. Document and present reports.
