Prelim 2 is in 2 weeks

• Next week’s section will be a review

• Assignment : send me 2 topics/ questions you want me to review– Email them to me by Sunday at 2 pm

– This counts towards today’s section grade

Tectonics in action

Over the weekend, there was a magnitude 8.8 earthquake in Chile. There have been over 150

aftershocks magnitude 5.0 or greater, including 8 of magnitude 6.0 or greater.1

The quake originated 35km below the surface of the Earth.2

If you would like to help, check this link:http://www.astro.cornell.edu/~babs/howtohelpchile/howtohelpchile.html

1 http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2010/us2010tfan/#summary2 http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2010/us2010tfan/#details

http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/aftershocks/?code=2010tfan&source=us&title=M8.8%20-%20Offshore%20Maule,%20Chile

Earth’s atmosphereGas Name Chemical Formula Percent Volume

Nitrogen N2 78.08%

Oxygen O2 20.95%

*Water H2O 0 to 4%

Argon Ar 0.93%

*Carbon Dioxide CO2 0.0360%

Neon Ne 0.0018%

Helium He 0.0005%

*Methane CH4 0.00017%

Hydrogen H2 0.00005%

*Nitrous Oxide N2O 0.00003%

*Ozone O3 0.000004% * variable gases

From http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/7a.html

The Greenhouse Effect

http://www.fas.org/irp/imint/docs/rst/Sect16/Sect16_2.html

Origin of the Moon

• Sisters?

• Fission?

• Capture?

• Giant impact

Mercury: Caloris Basin

Image from http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/gallery/sciencePhotos/image.php?page=2&gallery_id=2&image_id=149

Mercury’s day and year

• 3 days every 2 years

• Animations….– Rotation and orbit: http://www.messenger-education.org/Interactives/ANIMATIONS/Orbit_Rotation/orbit_rotation_full.htm

– The Sun in the sky: http://www.messenger-education.org/Interactives/ANIMATIONS/Day_On_Mercury/day_on_mercury_full.htm

Mercury’s interior

Image from http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/M/Mercury.html

2009: The first global map of Mercury!

Image from http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/gallery/sciencePhotos/image.php?page=1&gallery_id=2&image_id=345

Venus

Images from http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA10124, http://atmos.nmsu.edu/~nchanove/A105S04/lecture_21.html,and http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/image/planetary/venus/venusglobe.jpg

Visible UV Radar

The Venusian surface

Images from http://www.mentallandscape.com/C_CatalogVenus.htm

Backup slides

The Moon’s interior

http://www.astro.psu.edu/users/niel/astro1/slideshows/class41/slides-41.html

http://geophysics.ou.edu/solid_earth/notes/seismology/seismo_interior/seismo_interior.html

Earth’s interior, cont.

P wave S wave

http://geophysics.ou.edu/solid_earth/notes/seismology/seismo_interior/seismo_interior.html

Surface Processes

• Erosion

• Tectonics

• Volcanism

• Impacts

Images from http://fireflyforest.net/firefly/2005/11/12/aerial-view-of-the-grand-canyon/, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=geologists-link-the-great, http://rst.gsfc.nasa.gov/Sect18/Sect18_1.html, and http://users.forthnet.gr/ath/nikolas_c/tectonic_geoology.htm