Prelims Prelude Economy - Fortune IAS Best IAS, Civil

Prelims Prelude Economy 1

PrelimsPreludeEconomy

Last LapRevision forPrelims 2020


As you gear up for the last lap of preparation for Civil Service Prelims 2020, Fortune IAS Academy has pre-pared a revision checklist under the title Prelims Prelude. It has been pre-pared after diligently analyzing the trend of past 9 years’ question papers. Prelims Prelude will ensure that you have not missed out on the most im-portant topics-both static as well as current issues. Your thumbrule for the last lap of prelims preparation should be revision rather than new informa-tion.

Preface


Indian Economy is a dynamic area that keeps on evolving day-by-day. Since it touches the everyday aspects of our life, it has become an indivisible part of compet-itive examinations like Civil Service. Usu-ally, several aspirants find this area a hard nut to crack. To help you out in this, we have come up with an approach to tackle Indian Economy smartly. After analysing past 9 years of Civil Service Preliminary Examination question papers, we have listed out the important topics and how to prepare for the same.

IndianEconomy

BasicConcepts

ObscureFactoids


No. Topics 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011

1 External Sector 8 3 6 11 6 2 3 2 5

2 Monetary Policy 6 7 5 3 3 3 7 3 3

3 Fiscal Policy - 3 4 3 1 2 1 - 3

4 Agriculture 3 4 3 5 6 4 2 4 6

5 Inflation - - - - 2 - 3 - 2

6 National Income - 2 - - 2 1 2 - 2

7 Industry 1 - 2 2 2 - 2 2 1

8 Infrastructure 1 1 2 4 1 - - 1 1

9 Capital Market 1 - - 2 - 1 - 1 -

10 Planning 1 - - - - 1 - - -

11 Human Development 3 1 1 1 - - 2 2 1

12 Government Schemes 1 2 4 3 1 - - 4 2

Total 25 23 27 34 24 14 22 19 26

Approach: Basic understanding and factual analysis.

Trend of the question: Basic + Current affairs (2019 - 8 questions, 2018 - 3 questions)

ExternalSector

Economics Prelims Analysis

• Current Account: Balance of Trade, Net Invisibles, Net Transfers

a. Remittance (largest recipient state, India’s ranking)• Capital Account: 5 components• Balance of payment Account• Deficits/Surplus: Current Account/Capital Account

Balance of Payment


• India’s Forex reserveCurrency Reserve

ForeignInvestment

• FDI, FPI, FII (Basics) • Foreign Direct Investment (FDI Policy Reform - Coal

mining, Relaxation of FDI norms in defence and insur-ance sector, Countervailing duty), Net FDI flow of In-dia

• Foreign Portfolio Investment (Relaxation of SEBI’s FPI Norms)

• External Commercial Borrowing (Basics)• Analyse the trend of FDI and FII into India in the last

decade• Analyse the sources of investment into India

• Difference between Balance of Payment Deficit and Balance of Payment Crisis

• Adverse BOP and Causes, Step to adopt against BOP Crisis (Global crisis scenario: Crude oil negative price, Corona crisis)

• Special Economic zone (What are SEZ? Objective? Fa-cilities and incentives?)

• Liberalised remittance scheme

Exchange RateMechanism

• 4 types of Exchange Rates• REER and NEER• Devaluation and Depreciation• Revaluation and Appreciation• Instrument In Support Of Trade Exchanges (What is

it?)• Advance Pricing Agreement (what is it? Purpose)• Currency Swap Agreement (SAARC Countries: Signif-

icance?)**SAARC based question can be expected from IR


Multilateral Agencies

• WTO: (Most important topic; Dispute settlement mech-anism; trade war issue; Principle of WTO; Most Favoured Nation (MFN) status, National Treatment; Subsidy issue; Developing countries status; Special and differential treatment to Developing Country; Important Agree-ments under WTO)**Refer DNA 59

• IMF (Quota; SDR; Reserve tranche position; SDDS Plus; Objective; Resource; Important reports)**Refer DNA 75.

• World Bank (Understand the objective of 5 organisa-tions - IBRD, IDA, IFC, MIGA, ICSID (India not a member); Important reports; Ease of doing business; distance to frontier)

• FATF (What is it? Objective? Blacklist Brown list) **Refer DNA 51

• Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering (APG)• UNCTAD (What is it? Objective? Reports?)• Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Relat-

ed Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (MLI)

• Ease of Doing Businessa. Analyse the parameters on which India has improved

its ranking.b. Analyse the parameter on which India has the best

ranking.

Intellectual PropertyRegime

• National IPR Policy (Achievement and objective)• TRIPS Agreement • Basics (Copy Right, Industrial property, Trade Mark,

Geographical Indication, Industrial design, Patent)• L2PRO India (Boss? What is it?)• International Union for the Protection of New Varieties

of Plants (UPOV Convention) a. Understand the nature of the body, when it got estab-

lished and headquarters.b. India’s relation to the UPOV convention.c. Objective of the convention.


• Export and Import (India’s trading partners, top export destinations and import sources, trend in export and import of commodities and services in news)

• Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) (Role? Boss?)

• National Time Release Study (Stakeholders involved? Objective?)• Special Economic Zone (New Amendments to the SEZ Act,2005, Distri-

bution of SEZ)• The International Financial Services Centres Authority Act, 2019 (IFSC;

Changes brought in IFSC through the Act)

Trade

Miscellaneous • Base Erosion and Profit Shifting• Fugitive Economic Offenders• Nirvik Scheme • Duty-Free Import Authorisation (DFIA) Scheme • Overseas Bond • Index of Industrial Production (Published authority?

Basket?)

1. The Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Act (PPVFRA) [PepsiCo issue, what are the plant breeders’ rights and farmers rights]2. International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV Convention): [What is India’s stand?]3. Generalised System of Preferences (GSP)4. Nirvik Scheme5. Biosimilar medicine 6. Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH)

HotTopi

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Example of a Question from Hot Topic 1

Consider the following statements (2019)

1. According to the Indian Patents Act, a biological process to create a seed can be patented in India.2. In India, there are no Intellectual Property Appellate Board.3. Plant varieties are not eligible to be patented in India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/protect-patents/article23750971.ece

1. Quantitative tools: CRR, SLR, Repo, Reverse Repo, Bank Rate, MSF, OMO • Difference between MSF and Repo2. Qualitative tools: Variation of Marginal Requirement, Rationing of Credit, Moral Suasion etc.3. Sterilization: Market Stabilization Scheme, Standing Deposit Facility, OMO4. Money Supply: M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, Money Multiplier, Velocity of Money5. Classification of Money: Fiat Money, Fiduciary Money etc.6. Bond Yield

Monetary Policy Tools

Approach: Basic understanding is important.

Trend of the question: Definitions + New reforms in policies (UPSC’s favourite area). Most of the options look similar so understand the concept thoroughly.

Monetary Policy

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/protect-patents/article23750971.ece


• RBI (Major functions; Public Debt Management Cell)• Classification of Indian Banking System: (Understand

the basic classifications but Regional rural bank, Coop-erative bank, Payment bank, Small Financial bank are most important. **Refer DNA 102

• NBFC: (Classification of NBFCs, Difference between Banks and NBFC, Liquidity norms on NBFC by RBI)

a. Core Investment Companies (Tapan Ray Committee)• Basel Norms: CRAR, Liquidity Coverage Ratio• Development Banks: SIDBI, NABARD, Exim Bank, Na-

tional Housing Bank (What is it? Objective? Regulating body?)

• External Benchmarking rate vs MCLR• Domestically Systemic Important Banks (D-SIBS)• Priority Sector Lending, Differential interest Rate

Scheme, Lead Bank Scheme, Service Area Approach

Indian Banking System

• Mission Indradhanush • EASE 3.0 (Enhanced Access and Service Excellence)• Inflation targeting • Twin balance sheet Problem• Helicopter Money• Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Objective? Features?)• Merchant Discount Rate • Infrastructure Investment Trust • Mani App • e-Bkray• Project Sashakt

Bankingreforms

Frequently asked MCQ Statement • What is it?• Objective?• Features?


• Non-Performing Asset (Trend in India, Basics: Stressed asset and NPA, Special Mention Account (SMA))

• Steps towards NPA: Partial Credit Guarantee scheme, Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Act, 2019, SARFAESI Act (Supreme court ruling on cooper-ative Banks), Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, Bank-ing Regulation (Amendment) Bill, 2020, Public Sector Asset Rehabilitation Agency (PARA) Prudential Frame-work for Resolution of Stressed Assets, Prompt Cor-rective Action (PCA), Supervisory Action Framework (SAF) on UCBs.

• IL&FS Crisis (What is it? Regulating agency?)

Banking Crisis

• National Startup advisory Council • Financial Stability and Development Council (What is it? Chairman and Members? Objective?)• National Broadband Mission (NBM)• Chit Funds (Chit Funds (Amendment) Bill, 2019, Difference with Ponzi scheme)

FinancialInclusion and

Literacy

Most of the questions are based on current affairs.• NPCI (What is it? Objective? Initiatives?)• RuPay, National Common Mobility Card, Unified Pay-

ments Interface, BHIM, National Financial Switch, Bharat Bill Payment System,

• Data Security Council of India (What is it?)• Digital Payment Index, Digital Competitive Index (Pub-

lished agencies?)• Cryptocurrencies (What is it? Type?)a. Bitcoins, Libra, SOV, Petro• Libra Currency (What is it? Difference with bitcoin?)• Nandan Nilekani committee on digital payments (Ac-

ceptance Development Fund)• Aadhaar Payment Bridge System (APBS)

DigitalPayment


• Masala Bond • Corporate bond Market • Bharat Bond • Exchange Traded Fund • National Investment and Infrastructure Fund • Inter Creditor Agreement • Currency chest • Commercial Paper • Predatory Pricing

Miscellaneous What is it? Feature?Example Currency chests are branches of selected banks authorised by the RBI to stock rupee notes and coins.The central bank advises the Cen-tre on the number of notes to be printed, the currency denomina-tions, security features and so on

• Bimal Jalal Committee (economic capital framework of the RBI)

• Uk Sinha Committee (Insolvency resolution and liqui-dation of companies)

• PJ Nayak Committee (Improve governance of PSBs)• Sunil Mehta Committee (Resolution of stressed asset)• Malegam Committee (Recommendation of RBI Surplus

transfer)• Nachiket More Committee (Financial Inclusion)

Committee and bill related

banking

Basic understanding is more than enough

1. Operation Twist 2. Long Term Repo Operation (LTRO)3. Deposit Insurance (Increase in Deposit insurance coverage-which are deposits and financial institutions not covered)4. National Strategy for Financial inclusion5. Economic Capital Framework (ECF) [What is capital reserve?, Bimal Jalan Committee]6. Regulatory sandbox7. RBI directives on Storage of Payment System Data (Directive on data storage and data processing8. Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT)9. Inter-Ministerial Committee on Virtual Currencies (Subhash Chandra Garg committee)

HotTopi

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Approach: Basic definition + Trend

Trend of the question: Questions are comparatively low. Read basic texts and solve some.

MCQs. **Cost-benefit is low (2011- 2 Questions, 2013- 3 Questions, 2015- 2 questions)

National Income and

Fundamentals

• Different sectors of the economy (On the basis of ac-tivity nature, work condition and asset ownership)

a. Contribution of different sectors to GDP/Output and employment

• Giffen goods and Veblen goods• Price Elasticity of Demand• Opportunity Cost• Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR)

Fundamental concepts

• 3 methodologies for calculating National Income: Income Method, Expenditure Method, Value-Added Method• New Methodology for GDP Calculation: (UN System of National Accounting, Concept of GVA, MCA21)• NSO Estimates of GDP Growth• Nominal GDP and real GDP• GDP Vs GNP • Base effect• GDP deflator• Difference between slowdown, recession and depression• National Statistics Office• National Statistical Commission (Composition, which committee recommended it)


1. Middle Income Trap (What is it, who coined the term)2. National Statistics Office (Merging of NSSO and CSO into NSO)3. Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS)

HotTopi

cs

• Inflation, Dis-inflation, Deflation, Stagflation (Definition, Trend)

• Supply-side Constraints• CPI Vs WPI • Producers Price Index• Core Inflation• Imported inflation• Philips Curve

Inflation

Approach: Basics + Current affairs

Trend of the question: Government policies and schemes are frequently asked

Fiscal Policies

• Union Budget: Constitutional Provisions, Basic concepts• 4 accounts of the Budget and their important compo-

nents: (Revenue Receipt, Revenue Expenditure, Capital Receipt and Capital Expenditure)

• Deficits: (Revenue Deficit, Effective Revenue Deficit, Fis-cal Deficit, Primary Deficit, Monetary Deficit)

• Public Debt• Debt vs Deficit• Deficit Financing: (Sources of Deficit financing, Ways and

Means Advance)• Fiscal Consolidation: FRBM Act (Significance? Features?),

NK Singh Committee, Fiscal Council• Crowding out and Crowding-in• Different types of Budgeting: Zero-based Budgeting,

Performance Budgeting, Outcome Budgeting

Fiscal Policies


• Direct Tax: a. Income Tax: (New income tax net introduced in 2020-

21)b. Corporate Tax (New changes introduced in the tax rate

and changes brought in Budget 2020-21)c. Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT): (Recent reduction of

MAT)d. Dividend Distribution Tax e. Buy Back Taxf. Angel Taxg. Direct Tax Code (Akhilesh Ranjan Committee)h. Vivad Se Vishwas schemei. National e Assessment Centre• Indirect Taxa. Goods and Service Tax (GST): (Constitutional Provisions,

GST Council, National Anti-profiteering Authority, Re-verse charge mechanism, Composition scheme,e-way bills, Non-GST goods)

b. Sabka Vishwas scheme • Tax GDP Ratio (2018-19 -10.9%)• Debt to GDP Ratio• Slowdown in Indian economy (GDP growth rate anal-

ysis, released office?); Total factor productivity (Defini-tion?)

• Tax avoidance (Minimum Alternative Tax, Angel Tax, Equalisation Leavy, BEPS, Transfer pricing, Advanced Pricing agreement)

• Tax Evasion• Tax buoyancy and Tax Elasticity• Laffer Curve

Taxation

• For details on Budget, Refer DNA 236 and 237• Theme (Aspirational India, Economic development for all, (Caring Society)• Important scheme• Terminologies and definition • Trend and analysis

Budget 2020-21 and Economic

survey 2019-20


Approach: Basic understanding is more than enough

Trend of the question: Questions are comparatively low. (2019- 1 question, 2014- 1 question)

FinancialMarket

• 12 Five-year Plans (main objective?)• Plan Holidays• Nehru-Mahalanobis Model, Trickle-down theory, Hin-

du Rate of Growth• Imperative planning and indicative planning• NITI Aayog vs Planning Commission (Chairman? Com-

parison?)• Important reports released by NITI Aayog

Planning Commissions

HotTopi

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1. Fifteenth Finance Commission (new changes intro-duced in the 15th FC, Comparison between 15th and 14th FC)

2. Disinvestment (Scheme? Feature? difference be-tween strategic disinvestment and disinvestment.)

3. 7th economic census4. GAFA Tax5. FATF(Financial Action Task Force)6. Automatic Exchange of Information (AEOI) (India

and Switzerland)7. Atma Nirbhar Abhiyaan ( h t t p s : / / b l o g . m y g o v. i n / m a j o r - a n n o u n c e -

ments- and-policy-reforms-under- aatma-nir-bhar-bharat-abhiyan/#:~:)

https://www.google.com/search?q=(https%3A%2F%2Fblog.mygov.in%2Fmajor-announcements-and-policy-reforms-under-aatma-nirbhar-bharat-abhiyan%2F%23%3A~&oq=(https%3A%2F%2Fblog.mygov.in%2Fmajor-announcements-and-policy-reforms-under-aatma-nirbhar-bharat-abhiyan%2F%23%3A~&aqs=chrome..69i57.614j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8




• Basic knowledge (What is it? Differences?)• Money Market Instruments: Call money market, Notice

Money Market, MIBOR & LIBOR, Government securi-ties (Treasury bill, Dated securities, State Development Loans, Cash management bills), Certificate of deposits, Inter-corporate deposits, Commercial paper, Commer-cial bill (What is it? Features? Maturity period?)

• Zero-Coupon Securities• Capital Market Instruments: Shares, Bond, Inflation-In-

dexed Bonds, Debenture, Derivatives, Futures Con-tract, Financial futures, Forwards (Difference between futures and forwards), Options (Call Option and Put Option) (What is it?)

• Stock Exchange: IPO, FPO, Private Placement, Market Capitalisation of a company (M-cap), Stock Market In-dex: CNX Nifty, Sensex

• External Commercial Borrowings, Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds (Difference between ECB & FCCB), Depository Receipts (American Depository Receipts (ADR) and Indian Depository Receipts (IDR))

• Masala Bonds• Mutual Fund: Net Asset Value, Total Expense Ratio,

New Fund Offer• Exchange Traded Fund** (CPSE ETF, Gold ETF, Bharath

22 ETF) Hedge fund, Venture capital (What is it?) **Re-fer DNA 184 for ETF.

• SEBI, IRDAI, PFRDA (Factual Informations? Objective?)• Commodity Exchange?• P-Notes• Terminologies (Bear, Bull, Gilt, Blue chip Company,

Nasdaq) • Indian Gas Exchange (India’s first gas trading platform)

Money market and

Capital market

1. Bharath Bond ETF ( Difference with Bharath 22 ETF)2. Bilateral Netting (Difference with Gross Netting)3. Corporate Bond Market (Measures taken to deepen the market in Budget 2019-20, H.R Khan committee)4. Debenture Redemption Reserve (Recent changes)

HotTopi

cs


Approach: Human development areas are simple and interesting

Trend of the question: Combination of human geography + Economics

• Human Development (Pillars and approach--**Basic idea is enough)• UNDP Human development index (India’s ranking and parameters)

Human development

and Sustainable

development

• World Happiness Report (UNSDSN)• Human Capital Index- WB

• SDG and MDG Goala. Just read it and note down goals and achievements.b. NITI Aayog SDG index (Only 13 goals considered)

Organisations and publications(details not required)

• Full employment, Under employment and unemployment• Types of unemployment• Gig Economy• Unemployment rate in India• Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) [Recent trend especially Female LFPR]

Employment

• Concept of Poverty line• Poverty line estimation: Dandekhar & Rath committee,

Alagh committee, Lakhdawala committee, Tendulkar committee and Rangarajan committee

• Multidimensional Poverty Index by UNDP• Government schemes for alleviation of poverty: a. Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY)b. PM Kisan Maan Dhan Yojana

Poverty


1. Measuring unemployment rate: Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)2. Labour codes (Code on Wages, Code on industrial relations, Codes on social security and code on occupa-tional safety)3. YuWaah Youth Skilling Initiative 4. India Skill Report 2019-20 (Who publishes it? Present trend of employability in terms of gender, state and edu-cational qualification)5. National Accreditation Board for Certification Bodies (NABCB)

c. Atal BimitVyakti Kalyan Yojanad. Pradhan Mantri LaghuVyapari Maan-dhan Yojanae. National Pension Scheme for Traders and Self Employed

Personsf. Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maan Dhan Yojanag. PM SVANIDHI (Pradhan Mantri Street Vendors Atmanir-

bhar Nidhi)h. Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyaan

HotTopi

cs

Approach: Important for both prelims and mains

Trend of the question: Current affairs based question (2019- 2 questions, 2018- 1 question, 2017- 4 questions, 2016- 6 questions)

• Question trend shows that focus on this session is gradually decreasing.

Industryand

Infrastructure


• Public sector vs Private sector (Understanding and Difference)• Industries which compulsory licensing (List only) • National Investment Fund• Exchange Traded Fund • Bharat 22 ETF• Viability gap funding • India Infrastructure Project Development Fund (IIPDF)• 4th Industrial Revolution (Advantages, Applications, Samarth Udyog Bharat 4.0)• Industrial policies in India: Industrial Policy Resolu-

tion, 1948; Industry Policy Resolution, 1956; Industrial Policy Statement, 1977; New Industrial Policy of India, 1991 **Refer DNA 107

• National manufacturing policy 2011(Boss? National In-vestment & Manufacturing Zones (NIMZs)? Industrial Corridor?-Vizag-Chennai Industrial Corridor)

• Make in India (Nodal? Objective? How?)• Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) (New amend-

ments in Company Act,2013)• New Delhi International Arbitration Centre (NDIAC)

Bill, 2019

What is it?Features?

IndustrialSector

Ministry of Micro, Small and

Medium Enterprises

(MSME)

• Background (GDP ratio, Exports?)• New proposed definition of MSME• Recent committee on MSME• Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY) scheme• Enterprise Development Centres (EDCs)

Textile Sector

• Interest subvention scheme (What is it? Aim?)• Pehchan’ cards• Harmonised system code (What is it?)• Project SURE (objective?)• Pashmina Products receive BIS Certifications (Changthangi or pashmina Goat-Ladakh) • E-Cocoon App• E-Dhaga App, Bunkar Mitra• Technical Textile (National Technical Textiles Mission)


• Background (Second largest producer)• Ministry of Steel issues: The steel scrap Recycling Policy

(Framework? Aim?)• Purvodaya Scheme (Aim? Objective?)• Steel Import Monitoring System: (Ministry, from where

the idea borrowed and objective)

TelecomSector

• Background (Second largest telecommunication, Rajiv Gauba Committee)• K-Fon(Kerala State initiative, State-wide optical fibre

SugarIndustry

• Fair and Remunerative Price• State Advised Price (SAP)

SteelSector

E-commerce • Major types of e-commerce• In which all types FDI is allowed

Infrastructure Coal Sector• Commercial Coal Mining(Background - Third largest producer)• Recent changes introduced in FDI to Coal sector• Mineral Policy 2019 (Features?)• Shakti Coal Policy• Coal Mitra App • UTTAM App • Pradhan Mantri Khanij kshetra Kalyan Yojana (2015)• Prakash Portal • TAMARA App • SATYABHAMA Portal

Boss?Aim?Objective?


GasEconomy

• Sector-wise gas consumption in India• Natural Gas pipelines• City Gas Distribution (CGD) networks• Urga Ganga Project

MethanolEconomy

RenewableEnergy

Wind Energy

• Background (What is it? Use? Govt Initiative?)• NITI Aayog road map (Methanol economy fund)• Environmental benefits of methanol

• Ultra-Mega Renewable energy park (Details?)• Renewable Energy Industry Promotion and Facilitation Board (REIPFB) (What is it? Boss?)• Power Purchase agreement (What is it?)

• Background (4th largest installed capacity, state capacity(TN>GJ>MH>KN>RJ))

SolarEnergy

• Background• Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission• Surya Mitra• “ARUN” Mobile app• Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO)• SARAL INDEX for Solar rooftop• KUSUM Scheme

What is it?Boss?Feature?

Infrastructure financing

• National Infrastructure Pipeline (Funding? sector-wise break-up)• Elephant bonds (Surjit S Bhalla Committee, Objective?)• Credit Enhancement Fund (What is it?)


Electricity

TransportSector

• Total installed power capacity of India and the contribu tion by each source like Thermal, solar etc.• Power consumption in India by different states• Inclusion of Large hydropower projects in renewable energy• Ultra mega renewable energy power parks (UMREPPs)• PM-KUSUM• Atal Distribution System Improvement Yojana (ADITYA) scheme

Railway Sector (Background - Basic fact, Trend)

• Railway Restructuring (IRMS)• Dedicated Freight Corridor (What is it? Details?)• Private Sector in Railways (Procurement cum Maintenance Agreement, Amitabh Kanth panel)• Silver line Project (State initiative-Kerala)• Project Saksham 2018• Issue (cross-subsidization? Operating Ratio?)• Tejas Express• Hyperloop transportation system• First Underwater metro (Kolkata)

Roadways • Vahan and Sarathi Portal (What is it?)• Pradhan Mantri gram Sadak yojana (Boss? Aim? Year? Objective?)• Setu Bharatam (What is it? Boss?)• FASTag (What is it? Feature? Objective?)• FAME Scheme (Boss? Aim? Objective?) • Motor vehicle amendment act 2019 (Key Feature?)• GATI Portal and PRAGATI Portal (Boss? What is it?)


HotTopi

cs

Ports • Vadhavan Port at Maharashtra• Major port list (Map study)• Chabahar and Gwadar Port (What is it? Where is it?)• Major Ports Authorities Bill,2020• The Recycling of Ships Act, 2019 and • Freight Village at Varanasi

1. Hong Kong Convention for Ship Recycling2. Bhavnagar (World first CNG Port)3. Smart Metering4. Blue Dot Network5. The Mineral Laws (Amendment) Act, 2020 (Remov-

al of restriction on end-use, Composite license for prospecting and mining, Relaxation in Prior approv-al from the central government)

6. Adjusted Gross revenue (AGR)7. Technical Textile (National Technical Textiles Mis-

sion)8. Adjusted Gross Revenue (AGR)9. National Policy on Electronics10. National Policy on Software products

Approach: Important for both prelims and mains. Understand the basics. • Basic + Current affairs Knowledge• Scheme based questions• Farmers issues and Govt schemes are hot topics of UPSC

Trend of the question: combination of geography + Economics. Questions are com-paratively easy.

Agriculture


Facts (50% of total workforce and 17-18% share in GDP (2017-18 Economic survey); Biggest unorganised sec-tor.)

• Cropping season (Kharif, Rabi, Zaid with examples)• Cropping type (Multiple Cropping, Intercropping, Mixed

and Strip Cropping) just understand the concept• Organic Farming; Integrated farming and Zero Budget

Natural Farming• Green Revolution (Aim? History? Objective? Concern?)a. Other agriculture revolution (What is it?): White, Yellow,

Blue, Red, Pink, Round, Silver, Grey• Land Reform (PESA and FRA: Features? Objective?) **Re-

fer DNA• Digitalisation of Land Records (Boss?)a. Bhoomi Project-KN, Bhudhaar-Andhra Pradesh, Ma-

habhulekh-Maharashtra• Land leasing• Land Acquisition Act• Minimum support price (What is it? Objective? Feature?

List of Products?)a. M.S Swaminathan committee recommendations• Fair and Remunerative price (Sugarcane) • PDS systema. NFSA, 2013b. Geo-tagging of Agri. Warehousingc. Village Storage Scheme:d. Negotiable Warehousing Receipts (e-NWR)e. Agriculture Subsidy(i) Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (What is it? Fea-

tures? Objective?)(ii) Kalia, Bhavnatarbhugtan Yojana and Rythubandhu

Scheme (What is it? State?)(iii) PM-AASHA(iv) Urea Subsidy(v) Food Subsidy (Have a rough idea on figures)f. Agri. Marketing(i) Agricultural Marketing (APMCS-What is it?)(ii) E-Nam(iii) Agri-Market infrastructure Fundg. Agriculture credit

Basic Knowledge


(i) Priority sector lending, Interest subvention scheme, Ki-san Credit card, Joint Liability Group Scheme.

(ii) NABARD Refinance scheme• Agriculture insurancea. PM Fasal Bhima Yojana (what are the new changes?)• Model Lawsa. Model Agricultural Land Leasing Act, 2016b. Model Agricultural Produce and Livestock Marketing

(Promotion and Facilitation) Act, 2017c. Model Agricultural Produce and Livestock Contract

Farming and Services (Promotion and Facilitation) Act, 2018.

• Doubling of Farmer’s Income, 2022 (Objective?)• Agriculture census and Agri export zone (What is it? Fea-

tures?)• Genetically modified crops (What is it?, Various crops,

GM Regulation)• Fertiliser Subsidy (Type of fertilisers, Nutrient Based sub-

sidy, Urea Subsidy, Decanalisation)• Various Govt scheme (What is it? Feature?)• Climate Smart agriculture (Aim?)• Contract Farming (What is it? Features?)• New Variety: Muktoshri (Rice), HD-3226/Pusa yashasvi

(Wheat), Madhuban Gajar (Carrot), Pusa Sona (Onion), Pusa Aditi (Grapes)

• Millet Village Scheme• The Pesticide Management Bill, 2020

AlliedSectors

• Fisheries• Dairy Sector • Livestock

• contaminants found in processed milk (Aflatoxin)• National Animal Disease Control Programme (NADCP)• Beekeeping (Bibek Debroy Committee)-- National Horticulture Mission • Schemes: Rashtriya Gokul Mission

Background?India status? State ranking? Govt Schemes?


HotTopi

cs

1. Food Corporation of India: Shantakumar committee recommendations, Levy rice

2. One Nation One Ration Card scheme3. PM Fasal Bhima Yojana (what are the new changes

introduced)4. Agriculture census5. 20th Livestock census (Trend in the census)6. Market Intervention Price Scheme7. SUTRA PIC India Programme8. Essential Commodities Act9. Operation Greens (extended from tomato, onion

and potato (TOP) crops to other notified horticulture crops.)

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Prelims Prelude Economy - Fortune IAS Best IAS, Civil