PREPARED BY ABDUL RAB SAMADI

LAND CLEARANCE MANAGERAFGHANISTAN LAND

AUTHORITIESMINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, IRRIGATION AND LIVESTOCK

Presentation of Law on Land Management and

Land Clearance Process

Objectives of Law on land management affairs

1. Creation of a unitary and reliable order across the country.

2. Management of property books and land registration based on the credible documents of relevant offices.

3. Collection of authentic figures and statistics tbr the purpose of using them in the future economic and development plans of government.

4. Solving the problems resulting from performance of land related reforms of former regimes.

Objectives of Law on land management affairs

5. Segregation of government, individual, virgin and arid and pasture (grazing) and endowed lands.

6. Distribution of government lands as well as virgin and arid lands.

7. Restoration of land distributed illegally.8. Provision of adequate opportunities for active

and broad private sector participation in landholding sphere.

9. Prevention of government land confiscation.10. Providing the opportunity for people to access

land.

Law on Land Management Affairs

With reference to the above points, the Law on Land Management Affairs prepared in 11 chapters and 90 articles was enacted by the President of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan .

1. General Provisions2. Title deeds3. Settlement of land4. Restoration of appropriated lands to their

owners5. Eligible persons

Law on Land Management Affairs

6. Land distribution7. Transfer and alterations of land8. Land leasing9. Pastures and endowed lands10. Penal provisions 11. Final provisions

Law on Land Management Affairs

As today’s workshop has been organized concerning the issues of land acquisition, the article 21 of law on Land Management Affairs states the following :

Article 21In order to ensure public interests, the State, if necessaryand according to provisions of law, can appropriate the land of a person, which shall take place after the landSettlement, therefore, the settlement of the land paves the way for the land acquisition. In other words, the principal facilitator of the land acquisition is land settlement. Therefore, it is important to collect information about land settlement.

What is land settlement

Land settlement is an activity in which the land

is defined from viewpoint of location,

boundary, size, extent of water right, tax

amount, number of plots of land, type of

property and type of title deed.

Conducting the settlement process

The Ministry of Agriculture & Irrigation and Livestock

shall conduct the process of landholding settlement and management from technical and administrative Points of view.The Supreme Court of the Islamic Republic of

Afghanistan, Finance, Energy & Water and Agriculture & Irrigation and Livestock ministries, General Administration of Geodesy and Cartography as well as relevant local departments shall be jointly responsible to implement the settlement process

Composition of the land settlement commission

Article 14: Law on Management of Land Affairs To settle the landholding area, the settlement commission shall perform itsfunctions with the following composition:1. Representative of the land management organ izat ion of Ministry of Agriculture.Irrigation and Livestock as chief.2. In charge of settlement affairs of the land management organization, as member.3. In charge of administrative affairs of the land management organization, asmember.4. Representative of Ministry of Finance, as member.5. Representative of Ministry of Energy and Water, as member.6. Representative of local promotion and propagation department of Ministry ofAgriculture, Irrigation and Livestock, as member.7. Representative of cadaster team of the General Department of Geodesy andCartography, as member.The number of members of the settlement commission mentioned under clause (1)of the present article is assigned each year based on the suggestion of Ministry ofAgriculture, Irrigation and Livestock and endorsement of the President of the IslamicRepublic of Afghanistan.

Objectives of settlement

1 -to settle the lands under the coverage of the public and governmental projects

2 -to settle the lands under disputes ( land related disputes between the government and people or between individuals and governmental agencies)

3 -General settlement of lands across the country

The procedure to execute the process of land settlement from the start to the end

Land settlement requested by the provincial governor office

A proposal is prepared by the Afghanistan Land Authority, signed by the Minister of Agriculture and submitted to the office of the President of Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

for issuance of settlement decree

To circulate letter to the relevant entities to complete the composition of the commission

To issue the introductory letter and dispatch of the commission to the targeted area

To introduce members of the commission to the authorities of the relevant province and district

The procedure to execute the process of land settlement from the start to the end

To announce via local media the land settlement of the targeted area by the Agriculture department in order to

inform the land owners

The land owners refers to the commission of the land settlement

A land measurement form is distributed to the land owner

The land owner fill out the specified part of the Form Sheet

Submission of the Land Measurement Form by the land owner to the Cadastre Team

The procedure to execute the process of land settlement from the start to the end

The Cadastre Team and representatives of the Ministry of Energy and Water including land settlement officer or head of the commission visits the land claimed by the land owner as his property on the Form sheet

To implement the cadastral map on the area claimed by the land ownerMembers of the Land Settlement Commision determines the boundary, size, location, extent of water right, and degree of land quality and write them down on the Land Measurement Form

To submit the Land Measurement Form and land owner documents to the Land Settlement Officer

To complete the information through the relevant offices in regard to the verification of the land owner’s documents

The procedure to execute the process of land settlement from the start to the end

The Land Settlement Officer fills out the Land Registration Form and he notes down his settlement comments following the reconciliation of the Land Measuring Form to the statements of the land owner, Title deed of land owner.Signature of the settlement commission at the bottom of the form and verified by the head of settlement commission To send to the relevant court the land settlement documents to prepare and convert the documents of the land owner to legal title deed or verification of the previous title deed as per the article 6 of the Law on land management. After being processed by the Court as per the law on land management, the title deed is sent to the relevant local entities for registration

To prepare report about the execution of the settlement as per the decree of the President and submit it to the

Afghanistan Central Land Authority to the Governor Office and and other relevant entity

To submit the settlement documents at the end of the process as per the article 91 of the law on land Management and stipulate the additional land belonging to the state into the form sheet and keep it on file in the archive of the local lands

The procedure used by the Land Settlement Commission to identify the

governmental land

In the event that no claim of ownership is made to a plot of land, the land is identified as governmental property against principal books of properties, taxes and cadastre

To register the land as per its quantitative and qualitative characteristics as governmental property on the Land Measuring Form

To send the Land Measuring Form to the offices of the governmental properties and to the directorate of the local lands through official letters to be kept and recorded provided it has not previously been recorded.

The procedure used by the Settlement Commission if landowner is not satisfied

The Settlement Commission must notify the dissatisfaction of any person in writing

After receipt of the letter regarding the dissatisfaction of the landholding, the issue is referred to the court for the final decision as per the article 23 of the Law on Land Management

Obligations and the powers of the settlement commission

1- Settlement of landholding areas, distribution of document and land.

2. Determining the limits, category, water rights and tax of the land.

3. Determining and segregation of individual, state, as well as grazing, endowed,

virgin and arid lands, jungles and so forth.4. Referring the disputes and lawsuits related to grazing,

endowed, virgin and arid lands, jungles and so forth to the competent authorities.5. Registration of land settlement conclusions in the

relevant book.

Obligations and the powers of the settlement commission

6- Referring the conclusions of land settlement for registration in the principal books of properties (Amlak) and local tax as well as preparing legal document in the relevant court.

7. Restoration of previously illegally-distributed land to the owner, or to his legal inheritors.

8. Sending performance report to the relevant provincial land management department

and to the central land management organization.9. Other duties for the purpose of enforcement of

provisions of the present law that are assigned by Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock.

The title deeds

1. A deed based on the purchase, ownership, gift, inheritance, letter of division, letter of correncton and marriage certificate.

2. State decree 3. Customary deed4. Taxation ticket 5. The water right document6. Formal title deed (Babarak Karmal

Administration)7. Formal title deed (legal title deed) Dr. Najib

Administration)

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